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GLOSAR Bankarstva, Osiguranja I Ostalih Financijskih Usluga

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GLOSAR Bankarstva, Osiguranja I Ostalih Financijskih Usluga ENGLESKO-HRVATSKI bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i sveučilišna knjižnica - Zagreb UDK 336.71(038)=111=163.42 368(038)=111=163.42 336(038)=111=163.42 ENGLESKO-hrvatski glosar bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga / <autori Ante Babić ... et al.>. - Zagreb : Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija, 2005. ISBN 953-7010-49-X 1. Babić, Ante I. Bankarstvo -- Rječnik II. Osiguranje -- Rječnik III. Financije -- Rječnik 450621111 ENGLESKO-HRVATSKI bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija Zagreb, 2005. UVODNA RIJECˇ U svojim nastojanjima da omogući što uspješnije prevođenje propisa Europske unije na hrvatski jezik Zavod za prevođenje Ministarstva vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija nastavlja seriju jezičnih priručnika namijenjenih svima koji sudjeluju u projektu prilagodbe hrvatskoga zakonodavstva pravnomu sustavu Europske unije. Nakon Glosara Sporazuma o stabilizaciji i pridruæivanju pred vama je Glosar bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga, prvi koji obrađuje nekoliko užih stručnih područja. Terminološka usklađenost i ujednačenost izvanredno su važne za prevođenje stručnih tekstova te predstavljaju podlogu bez koje je rad na njima danas teško i zamisliti. U obradi takvih tekstova jedan od osnovnih ciljeva je normiranje nazivlja na materinskom jeziku te njegova sustavna primjena. Nadamo se da će ovaj Glosar, kao i ostali koji će se izrađivati, a koji će se odnositi na druga stručna područja odabrana prema prioritetima koje nalažu planirane integracijske aktivnosti Republike Hrvatske, uvelike pomoći ne samo prevoditeljima, redaktorima ili lektorima pri obradi tekstova već svima koji se svakodnevno susreću s vrlo različitim stručnim tekstovima i koji svojim radom pridonose napredovanju integracijskoga procesa Republike Hrvatske. mr. sc. Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović, ministrica vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija GLOSAR bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga 5 PREDGOVOR Potpisavši Sporazum o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju (Stabilization and Accession Agreement - SAA) 2002. godine, Republika Hrvatska se obvezala na put prilagodbi prema standardima Europske unije. Osim promjena načina razmišljanja uočljivije su se prilagodbe ticale promjena zakonodavnoga okvira usklađivanjem domaćega zakonodavstva s pravnom stečevinom Europske unije (acquis communautaire). Novi je trenutak nastao 2003. godine kad je Hrvatska zatražila članstvo, te kad je dobila pozitivno mišljenje za članstvo u travnju 2004. godine i status kandidata u lipnju 2004. godine. Kako se tempo približavanja Hrvatske Europskoj uniji ubrzao i kako se očekuje početak pregovora, upoznavanje s pravnim, ekonomskim i financijskim ustrojem Europske unije postalo je od udaljene potrebe gotovo svakodnevicom. Budući da je Hrvatska pedeset godina bila izvan tokova svjetske ekonomske znanosti i prakse tržišnoga gospodarstva, pojavili su se mnogi ekonomski nazivi, posebice na engleskom govornom području, koji se nikad nisu prevodili na hrvatski jezik. To je bio slučaj osobito u područjima koja su se najbrže razvijala - financije i bankarstvo. Tijekom devedesetih je s prijevodima engleskih ekonomskih tekstova na hrvatski i obratno bilo pokušaja da se oni ipak prevedu, ali je to rezultiralo neujednačenim leksikom s dosta sinonima. Plan provedbe Sporazuma o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju predviđa “pripremanje prijedloga projekta za izradu prijevoda i pojmovnika u financijskom sektoru radi traženja tehničke pomoći”. Ministarstvo europskih integracija okupilo je skupinu stručnjaka koji su trebali početi izrađivati prijedlog projekta za glosar financijskoga sektora. S vremenom je skupina nadrasla pripremanje projekta i traženje tehničke pomoći, te je počela vlastitim snagama raditi na glosaru. Kao osnova su uzeti zakonodavni tekstovi Europske unije (direktive i drugi) koji uređuju financijski sektor te ekonomski englesko-hrvatski rječnici koji su dostupni na hrvatskom tržištu. 6 Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija U drugoj polovici 2003. godine radna je skupina iz raznih izvora kojima se služila identificirala jezgru pojmova koji su potpadali pod oba područja (financije i bankarstvo i Europska unija). Kako su za dio engleskih izraza već postojale hrvatske istovrijednice, pristupilo se prevođenju ostalih izraza, te ujednačivanju već prevedenih naziva prema dvama izvorima (npr. dr. Ante Babić, Englesko-hrvatski ekonomski rjeËnik, Zagreb, 2001., i izdanja Hrvatske narodne banke). Tijekom 2004. godine završen je i taj dio posla i glosar je bio spreman za uređivanje i objavu. Glosar obuhvaća gotovo 5 000 pojmova koji se odnose na financije, bankarstvo i osiguranje i Europsku uniju. Time je ovo specifičan poduhvat koji je iznjedrio englesko-hrvatski glosar ograničenoga skupa riječi. Budući da je u radnoj skupini sudjelovalo nekoliko pripadnika relevantnih ustanova iz područja financija (Hrvatska narodna banka i Ministarstvo financija) i područja koje je vezano uz Europsku uniju (Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija) te Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, ovaj je glosar i pokušaj normiranja jezičnih rješenja pri prijevodu iz tih područja. Glosar će stoga korisno poslužiti pri prevođenju stručnih izraza, osobito onih koji se tiču Europske unije. Također može pomoći studentima i stručnjacima kao priručnik u čitanju inozemne literature (osobito engleskoga govornoga područja) i službenih tekstova Europske unije koji se odnose na bankarstvo, osiguranje i ostale financijske usluge. dr. sc. Ante Babić, voditelj radne skupine Zagreb, 7. travnja 2005. GLOSAR bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga 7 Leksikografska napomena Engleske se natuknice i podnatuknice u glosaru nižu abecedno. Da bi glosar imao što veću uporabnu vrijednost, njegovi članci sadrže mnoge kolokacije, koje će pomoći u razumijevanju financijskih tekstova, pogotovo kad je riječ o novim pojmovima. Kolokacije su navođene pod objema sastavnicama da korisnik može brže naći potrebnu hrvatsku istovrijednicu ne razmišljajući o kriterijima pod kojom bi sastavnicom kolokacija mogla biti obrađena. Budući da uvijek nije bilo moguće naći istovrijednicu u hrvatskome, zasad su umjesto istovrijednica davane i definicije ili su dodavana manja objašnjenja u zagradama, odnosno veća u posebnim bilješkama. Premda bi ovaj glosar trebao biti normativan, on tu svoju zadaću u potpunosti nije mogao ispuniti jer u pojedinim slučajevima struka sama još nije normirala svoje nazivlje. Iz mnoštva istoznačnica pokušali su se izabrati nazivi koji imaju prednost. Ako se sinonimno rabe domaća riječ i posuđenica, obje su navedene, ali je domaćim riječima davana prednost, iako se možda u struci češće rabi posuđenica. Istoznačni su hrvatski ekvivalenti odvajani zarezom, a višeznačni točkom i zarezom. Kosa crta razdvaja zamjenljive lekseme. Pri obradi se iz pragmatičnih razloga ponekad odstupalo od strogih leksikografskih načela. Premda se težilo dosljednosti obrade, ona nije uvijek bila moguća. Problem je bio odrediti granice između terminologizirane leksičke skupine, koja u tom slučaju treba imati svoju natuknicu, i sintaktičke skupine kao primjera uporabe neke riječi. Također se nije mogla uvijek povući granica leksikalizicije i terminologizacije nekoga oblika riječi (npr. zbog poimeničenja i popridjevljenja oblika floating dvije su natuknice jer su dvije riječi, tako i fixed ima svoju natuknicu, ali je incurred obrađen pod natuknicom incur) i postići dosljedna obrada. Iako su polusloženice obrađene kao natuknice, ponekad su obrađene i pod jednom svojom sastavnicom zbog ekonomičnosti same obrade, ali i zbog nepostojanja čvrste engleske pravopisne norme (ne)pisanja spojnice. Na hrvatskoj se strani nisu navodila oba glagolska vidska parnjaka jer su ona predvidljiva, nego je uziman parnjak koji je češći u određenoj kolokaciji. Korisnik ne treba tražiti sve hrvatske istovrijednice za engleske natuknice i kolokacije jer su navođene uglavnom samo terminološke. 8 Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova i europskih integracija ENGLESKO-HRVATSKI GLOSAR bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga GLOSAR bankarstva, osiguranja i ostalih financijskih usluga 9 A aaa abbr aaa Bilj.: Stupanj u procesu obrade plaćanja koji slijedi nakon provođenja svih testova upravljanja rizicima i ostalih testova te Bilj.: Prvorazredna obveznica prvoga stupnja kod Moody’s kad se dopušta obavljanje plaćanja u skladu s pravilima i Investment Service postupcima sustava bank acceptance bankovni akcept (mjenice) AAA abbr AAA banker’s acceptance (BA) bankovni akcept (mjenice) Bilj.: Prvorazredna obveznica prvoga stupnja kod Standard & Poor’s international banker’s acceptances međunarodni bankovni akcepti AAU agricultural accounting unit accepting house akceptna kuća AAU automatic answer unit acceptor n primatelj, akceptant abandonment n napuštanje; napuštaj prepaid card acceptor primatelj pretplaćene kartice Bilj.: U pomorskom osiguranju izraz za totalnu štetu access n pristup ability n sposobnost Bilj.: Pravo ili mogućnost institucije da se koristi uslugama borrowing ability sposobnost zaduživanja određenoga platnoga sustava ili sustava za namiru vrijednosnih papira radi obavljanja plaćanja ili transakcija za svoj ili za račun abnormal adj neuobičajen klijenata access charge naknada za pristup abnormal capital movements neuobičajeno kretanje kapitala access product pristupni proizvod abnormal movement of prices
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