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CMCDC 2012 ANNUAL REPORT MHPEC Inc. Canada-Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre – 2012 Annual Report Canada-Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre P.O. Box 309 Carberry, Manitoba R0K 0H0 Tel. (204) 834-6000 Fax. (204) 834-3777 http://www4.agr.gc.ca/AAFC-AAC/display- afficher.do?id=1185205367529&lang=eng Canada-Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre – 2012 Annual Report Contents Manager’s Report – 2012 CMCDC Annual Report ...................................................................... 1 Executive Summary..................................................................................................................... 4 Acronyms and Abbreviations ....................................................................................................... 7 CMCDC Sites – Aerial Photos and Plot Locations ....................................................................... 8 Weather at CMCDC sites .......................................................................................................... 12 Research Project Reports ........................................................................................................... 15 Preventing potato blackleg and soft rot ...................................................................................... 15 Nitrogen management in irrigated potato systems: understanding and predicting nitrogen dynamics and developing tools to improve nitrogen use efficiency ............................................ 16 Nitrous oxide emissions as affected by nitrogen management in irrigated potato systems ........ 17 Effect of nitrogen fertilizer source and placement on potato yield and quality ............................ 24 Nitrous oxide emissions as affected by N placement and source in irrigated potato .................. 27 Comparative assessment of late blight forecasting systems ...................................................... 36 Optimizing N for table potato production .................................................................................... 38 Winkler drainage water management project ............................................................................. 41 Field-scale environmental efficiency of crop production systems in Southern Manitoba ............ 44 Starch variety evaluation for the Manitoba potato industry ......................................................... 45 Growth development modeling of Manitoba oilseed crops ......................................................... 49 Effect of row spacing and population density on soybean performance in Manitoba .................. 61 Western Canada soybean adaptation under irrigation trialing update ........................................ 64 Effect of fungicide application timing on grain yield and quality of winter wheat varieties with different levels of resistance to fusarium head blight. ................................................................. 67 Effect of seeding date, fungicide application and seed treatments in winter wheat production in Manitoba ................................................................................................................................... 68 Winter wheat variety testing ....................................................................................................... 70 Western forage testing system .................................................................................................. 71 Forage mixture establishment with/without a barley as a nurse crop ......................................... 73 Effect of row spacing on buckwheat grain yield ......................................................................... 75 Buckwheat variety testing .......................................................................................................... 77 Effect of seed treatment on industrial hemp stand establishment and grain yield ..................... 78 Industrial hemp variety evaluation ............................................................................................. 82 Effect of population density on fiber and grain yield of industrial hemp in Manitoba ................... 86 Phosphorus ramp demonstration ............................................................................................... 92 Evaluation of flax for fiber production in Central Plains region of Manitoba ................................ 94 Evaluation of manure compost on vegetable production ............................................................ 95 Market garden potato variety trial .............................................................................................. 98 Multi-coloured tomato variety evaluation.................................................................................. 101 Adaptation of stevia to Carberry region of Central Plains ......................................................... 105 Adaptation of Jerusalem Artichoke to Central Plains (Carberry) region for inulin production from tubers and stems ..................................................................................................................... 106 Canadian day-neutral strawberry variety evaluation trial .......................................................... 109 Hybrid willow demonstration .................................................................................................... 111 Saskatoon and seabuckthorn variety demonstration................................................................ 112 Adaptability of hops in Manitoba .............................................................................................. 113 Canada-Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre – 2012 Annual Report Manager’s Report – 2012 CMCDC Annual Report Introduction On behalf of the partners in the Canada-Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre, it is my pleasure to present the CMCDC 2012 Annual Report. 2012 marks CMCDC’s nineteenth field season. In this report you will find information on current and on-going research, development and technology transfer pertaining to our program/outcome areas. The Annual Report is primarily a technical report on most of the CMCDC projects conducted in 2012 by Centre staff and cooperating agencies. Background and Partners The Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre (MCDC) was established in 1993 under a partnership agreement among the Government of Canada, the Government of Manitoba, and Manitoba Horticulture Productivity Enhancement Centre Inc. (MHPEC). In 2008, the name was changed to the Canada- Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre (CMCDC). The Centre's mission in brief is to facilitate the development and adoption of science-based solutions for agricultural crop production, with a focus on water management, crop diversification, and environmental stewardship. Its program/outcome areas are broadly classified as: 1) Partnerships and Communication, 2) Water Supply and Irrigation, 3) Potato Industry Support (applied research and technology transfer), 4) Environment, and 5) Crop Diversification. Each of the partners is committed to specific annual contributions of resources to the Centre operation. Most development and infrastructure costs, and some operating costs for the first few years, were provided for by Western Economic Diversification (WED) Canada through MHPEC. Canada’s support, provided through Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) via the Science & Technology Branch (effective July 1, 2012) which evolved from Research Branch and the Agri- Environment Services Branch (AESB), includes several staff positions, support for operating costs, infrastructure support, and services. Manitoba’s commitment is through Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives (MAFRI), which provides one staff position, one staff-equivalent in part-time support from other Manitoba staff (technology transfer), and an annual contribution toward project costs. MHPEC Inc. is a consortium formed by the two Manitoba French-fry processors (Simplot Canada [II] Ltd. and McCain Foods [Canada] Ltd.), and Keystone Potato Producers Association (the processing potato growers’ association). The MHPEC members support MHPEC through direct cash contributions, which are expended in support of the CMCDC program for supplies, staff, and services. CMCDC partners participate in the Centre management and program advisory committees. Input from other industry and stakeholder representatives is also obtained at annual advisory meetings. Infrastructure The Centre’s headquarters site is at Carberry, and satellite sites are at Portage la Prairie and Winkler. The Carberry site is located on a half section of excellent agricultural land with clay loam to loam soil, at the junction of Highways #1 and 5. Buildings include an office-lab-classroom complex, a large building for sample processing, shop work, and storage, a chemical storage and handling building, and various other storage buildings. Equipment is available for most field and plot operations. An advanced 1 Canada-Manitoba Crop Diversification Centre – 2012 Annual Report irrigation system has been installed which permits irrigation of approximately 70 ha of land, using three pivot irrigators and three linear-move systems well-adapted to meet the needs of irrigation research trials. This irrigation capability at all three of its sites is unique to CMCDC in Manitoba, so the Centre attracts most research in Manitoba requiring good irrigation control. Co-location of staff of MAFRI’s Carberry Growing Opportunities Centre, and Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship water licencing staff,