002 1981 July-October
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NORTHWEST CHINA COUNCIL NEWSLETTER .#2, July - October, 1981 CHINA FINE-TUNES ITS ECONOMY Lynn Feintech, a China special- shift emphasis to agriculture in ist who heads the political analysis order to assure that the population department of the Bank of America, is adequately fed. Emphasis was spoke about China's foreign trade also placed on the development of policy at a luncheon meeting on May light industry because it promises 19th. The luncheon at Tuck Lung to employ more of China's ur9an Restaurant was sponsored by the masses at lower cost than the ini- World Affairs Council of Oregon and tially planned development of heavy the Northwest China Council as their industry. The continuing limited contribution to World Trade Week. development of heavy industry has been directed toward development of According to Ms. Feintech, the the infrastructure. adoption of the 1978 modernization plan was a watershed in the history The modernization plan has of the People's Republic. Admitting placed new stress on effective man- that the Cultural Revolution had agement and increased productivity. been devastating, the plan was the To further these goals, there has first effort to integrate China into been some relaxation of central the world economy and to align China control over managerial functions. with the United States and Western This has been combined with experi- Europe. ments in market-oriented socialism, the use of incentives and encour-· The initial emphasis of the agement to individual enterprises 1978 plan, Ms. Feintech said, was on within guidelines established by development of heavy industry. But the government. While not imple- it was soon realized that China mented universally, decentraliza- lacked the physical infrastructure tion and market-oriented socialism to support swift, extensive develop- resulted in dramatic increases in ment of heavy industry, and the low productivity, Ms. Feintech said. priority given to technical educa- tion for 13 years had caused a since 1978, China has found shortage of skilled managers and itself plagued with som~ of the technicians. The allocation of re- West's economic iilnesses--double- sources to heavy capital construc- digit inflation, high ur9an unem- tion also resulted, Ms. Feintech ployment, and deficit spending. said, in budget deficits and an un- The emergence of these new problems favorable balance in international has made the leadership cautious. payments.It became necessary to Unwilling to permit supply and de- 1 mand principles to control the di- purchases from China increase. Un- rection of the economy, the govern- fortunately Ms. Feintech did not be- ment has attempted to freeze capi- lieve a marked increase in imports tal construction and prices, and likely as there is political res is- there are indications that central l;oilce to unlimited importation of control over management is being those products China is particularly reasserted. Nevertheless, the days capable of exporting to the united of pendulum swings in economic pol- States, such as textiles and pro- icy which characterized recent Chi- cessed foods. nese history are gone. In spite of the problems in the Ms. Feintech observed that the Chinese economy, continuing imbal- inadequacy of the infrastructure, ance in foreign trade, the risk of a budget deficits and the imbalance weak military system, and resistance of international payments provide to new economic trends by many lead- a partial explanation for the can- ers who became established during cellation of several major con- the Cultural Revolution, China is struction projects during the past fine-tuning its economy, and econo- two years. Budget problems and the mic planning is continuing to em- imbalance of payments also explain phasize development in a politically China's interest in compensation stable environment. trade arrangements. Harold C. Pope The poverty of China and the need to feed its people help ex- plain why 2/3 of U. S. exports to SPECIAL EVENTS China consists of bulk agricultural products rather than the advanced technology China was expected to purchase. The preeminence of agri- cultural products among American "SOLAR ENERGY: THE CHINESE exports to China will continue for EXPERIENCE at least five years, increasingly supplemented by the sale of techni- Saturday, September 12, 8:30 a.m.-- cal products to aid agricultural 4:15 p.m., Portland Hilton Hotel, production. 921 SW Sixth. The balance of payments result- $10.00. ing from trade between the United States and China has heavily favored Co-sponsored with the American Sec- the United Stat~s. China may not tion of the International Solar En- continue trade with the United ergy Society (as part of their Sixth States at the present level, or per- National Passive Solar Conference, mit it to increase, unless American September 8--12; 221-2811). The Northwest China Council, along with the Seattle branch, is Northwest China Council Newsletter planning a day-long session on solar Published by the Northwest Regional energy in China which will feature China Council, sponsored by the World some of the world's foremost experts Affairs Council of Oregon and The in the field. It will be open to Asia Society China Council. participants in the five-day confer- 1912 S.W. Sixth, #252 ence as well as the general public. Portland, Oregon 97201 (503) 229-3049 The day will begin with the Editor: Jeffrey Barlow author of The Golden Thread, a his- Published quarterly. tory of solar power, Ken Butti, who will present China's early use of the sun as energy. Felipe Tsengfei 2 Wu, Vice-Chairman of the Qinghua Chinese have viewed each other University Thermal Engineering De- through history is ,now available' partment (Qinghua is widely known for loan ttrough the Northwest China as the H.I.T. of China), will Council. follow with a discussion of contem- porary Chinese solar applications. Produced by the national China After lunch, Christopher Szecsey, Council, this entertaining presen- Director of International Programs tation makes use of Chinese and at the Farallones Institute Rural American images from newspaper car- Center, Occidental, California, toons, magazines, and movies. It will speak on appropriate technology was developed by Donald Gillin a,f in rural South China. The closing Vassar College and is narrated by panel will feature Bing Chen of Irv Drasnin (who made the 1972 CBS the University of Nebraska, Felipe production, "Misund~rstanding Wu, and Douglas Balcom, well-known China") . solar engineer, Los Alamos Labs. The show can be used in class- Hore information will be sent es (high school or college), semin- to those on the China Council mail- ars and worksbops on China, and ing list. Plan to combine the other public meetings. Its use conference with lunch at Artquake, can be accompanied by an introduc- happening at the same time, on the tion by a China Council board Mall. member or associate, and it is also very effectively supplemented by comments from native Chinese. CHINA COUNCIL NEWS CHINA RESOURCES NATIONAL CHINA COUNCIL NEWS Robert Oxnam, Program Director WING LUKE MEHORIAL MUSEUM of the national China Council, has 414 Eighth Avenue South 'just,been selected as the new Pres- Seattle,Washington 98104 ident of The Asia Society, the 206-623-5124 China Council's parent organization. Hours: Furthermore, we are losing a valued friend and advisor in Terry Tuesday-Saturday, 11:00 a'.m.-4:30 p.m. Lautz, who helped us establish the Saturday, noon-4:00 p.m. Northwest China Council and since 1978 has actively helped with China The following is excerpted from education in Oregon. He will be the Wing Luke brochure: moving to Hong Kong where he will ,work for the Yale-China Association. The Wing Luke Memorial Museum was founded and dedicated in 1966 to Richard Bush, who has worked Seattle's first person of Chinese with Terry as a Program Associate ancestry to be elected to public of- for the China Council, will be our fice in the Northwest (Seattle City new contact. Councilman) • The national China Council is The Wing Luke Museum has as its located at 1785 Massachusetts Ave., sole purpose to bridge the cultural NW, Washington, DC 20036; 202-387- gap between Asian and non-Asian peo- 6500. ple. It is the only predominently Asian Folk Arts museum on the West SLIDE-TAPE PRESENTATION NOW AVAILABLE Coast and features a collection, ex- hibits, research center, tours, and A 34-minute slide and taped various cultural and educational cassette show on how Americans and lecture series. 3 J The museum has a c~llection of tion, with the goal of incorpora- Chinese and Asian textiles and arti- ting the concepts and information facts which is expanding rapidly. they learn into their college It has an archival resource center courses and sharing what they find containing personal histories, with teachers throughout Oregon. photographs and documents to record These are not Asian studies tea- the history of Asians in the Pacific chers, but instructors in such Northwest, especially the Chinese. areas as business, journalism, Eng- In addition, the resource center has lish, etc., who are involved in the literary materials available for Community College's long-term pro- loan, including narrative slide ject of "internationalizing curri- files, books for elementary schools, culum" by including global studies textile catalogues and scripts for in regular courses. Korean, Philippine and Chinese folk art. The group will be led by Mathilda Harris, director of the With a permanent collection International Studies program at which has a heavy emphasis on Chi- MHCC, and an associate of the China nese artifacts, the needs of the Counc i1.. Asian community are being met by per- sonal Loa.n-cexhLb Lt s , wh i eh ~dlow< Te5 prepare the.facL(l ty- fo r," the exhibits to be changed frequent- this immersion into another cul- ly and the museum to work .with dif- ture, the Northwest China Council ferent segments of the Asian com- assisted with an eight-day ori- munity.