Newberry National Volcanic Monument U.S
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Appendix a Conceptual Geologic Model
Newberry Geothermal Energy Establishment of the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) at Newberry Volcano, Oregon Appendix A Conceptual Geologic Model April 27, 2016 Contents A.1 Summary ........................................................................................................................................... A.1 A.2 Geological and Geophysical Context of the Western Flank of Newberry Volcano ......................... A.2 A.2.1 Data Sources ...................................................................................................................... A.2 A.2.2 Geography .......................................................................................................................... A.3 A.2.3 Regional Setting ................................................................................................................. A.4 A.2.4 Regional Stress Orientation .............................................................................................. A.10 A.2.5 Faulting Expressions ........................................................................................................ A.11 A.2.6 Geomorphology ............................................................................................................... A.12 A.2.7 Regional Hydrology ......................................................................................................... A.20 A.2.8 Natural Seismicity ........................................................................................................... -
Cascades Volcano Observatory Monitoring Cascade Volcanoes
Cascades Volcano Observatory Monitoring Cascade Volcanoes http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/observatories/cvo/cvo_monitoring.html About CVO Monitoring Cascade Volcanoes Volcano Updates Volcano eruption forecasting relies on several disciplines of volcanology. Hazards Active volcanoes are complex natural systems, Monitoring and understanding a volcano's behaviors requires the attention of specialists from many science Seismicity disciplines. It demands a combination of current Deformation knowledge about magma systems, tectonic plate motion, volcano deformation, earthquakes, gases, Volcanic Gas chemistry, volcano histories, processes, and Lahar Detection hazards. Hydrothermal No single tool or technique can adequately monitor or predict volcanic behaviors. Therefore, Innovative Techniques volcanologists rely on an assortment of instruments and techniques to monitor volcanic unrest. This CVO Education requires placement of monitoring instruments both Prepare close to and far away from the primary source of eruptive activity (e.g. in a crater, on the crater rim, Multimedia and on the volcano's flanks). By placing sensitive monitoring instruments at hazardous volcanoes in Regional Volcanism Helicopter dropping off monitoring equipment at Mount St. advance of the unrest, the USGS CVO helps to Helens, Washington. ensure that communities at risk can be forewarned with sufficient time to prepare and implement response plans and mitigation measures. Recommendations for the numbers and types of ground-based sensors were made by an interdisciplinary team of scientists as part of planning for the National Volcano Early Warning System. CVO uses these recommendations to plan monitoring improvements throughout the Cascades. You can watch interviews with volcano scientists (Web Shorts) about their research and monitoring efforts and videos about volcano monitoring techniques in the Multimedia section of this website. -
Volcanic Vistas Discover National Forests in Central Oregon Summer 2009 Celebrating the Re-Opening of Lava Lands Visitor Center Inside
Volcanic Vistas Discover National Forests in Central Oregon Summer 2009 Celebrating the re-opening of Lava Lands Visitor Center Inside.... Be Safe! 2 LAWRENCE A. CHITWOOD Go To Special Places 3 EXHIBIT HALL Lava Lands Visitor Center 4-5 DEDICATED MAY 30, 2009 Experience Today 6 For a Better Tomorrow 7 The Exhibit Hall at Lava Lands Visitor Center is dedicated in memory of Explore Newberry Volcano 8-9 Larry Chitwood with deep gratitude for his significant contributions enlightening many students of the landscape now and in the future. Forest Restoration 10 Discover the Natural World 11-13 Lawrence A. Chitwood Discovery in the Kids Corner 14 (August 4, 1942 - January 4, 2008) Take the Road Less Traveled 15 Larry was a geologist for the Deschutes National Forest from 1972 until his Get High on Nature 16 retirement in June 2007. Larry was deeply involved in the creation of Newberry National Volcanic Monument and with the exhibits dedicated in 2009 at Lava Lands What's Your Interest? Visitor Center. He was well known throughout the The Deschutes and Ochoco National Forests are a recre- geologic and scientific communities for his enthusiastic support for those wishing ation haven. There are 2.5 million acres of forest including to learn more about Central Oregon. seven wilderness areas comprising 200,000 acres, six rivers, Larry was a gifted storyteller and an ever- 157 lakes and reservoirs, approximately 1,600 miles of trails, flowing source of knowledge. Lava Lands Visitor Center and the unique landscape of Newberry National Volcanic Monument. Explore snow- capped mountains or splash through whitewater rapids; there is something for everyone. -
Information Circular 41: Origin of Cascade Landscapes
111ackin I CdrlJ .rc-1J ORIGIN OF CASCADE LANDSCAPES ---=-~--=---------=---- FRONTISPIECE Picket Range in upper Skagit area, Northern Cascade Mountains. Snowfields occupy a former ice-filled cirque. Grass is enroaching on ice-polished rock surfaces. State of Washington DANIEL J. EVANS, Governor Department of Conservation ROY MUNDY, Director DIVISION OF MINES AND GEOLOGY MARSHALL T. HUNTTING, SupervisoT Information Circular No. 41 ORIGIN OF CASCADE LANDSCAPES By J. HOOVER MACKIN and ALLENS. CARY STATE PRINTING PLANT, OLYMPIA, WASHINGTON 1965 For sale by Department of Conservation, Olympia, Washington. Price, 50 cents. FOREWORD The Cascade Range has had an important influence on the lives of a great many people ever since man has inhabited the Northwest. The mountains were a barrier to Indian travel; they were a challenge to the westward migration of the early settlers in the area; they posed serious problems for the early railroad builders; and they still constitute an obstruction to east-west travel. A large part of the timber, mineral, and surface water resources of the State come from the Cascades. About 80 percent of the area covered by glaciers in the United States, exclusive of Alaska, is in the Cascades of Washington. This region includes some of the finest mountain scenery in the country and is a popular outdoor recreation area. The Cascade Range is a source of economic value to many, a source of pleasure to many others, and a problem or source of irritation to some. Regardless of their reactions, many people have wondered about the origin of the mountains How and when did the Cascades come into being, and what forces were responsible for the construction job? -This report, "Origin of Cascade Landscapes," gives the answers to these questions. -
2016 Cascade Volcanoes.Pptx
The Cascade Range Lake Almanor Mt Garibaldi 1 Mt Garibaldi, Brish Columbia 2 hp://volcano.si.edu/Photos/full/027024.jpg Lassen Peak from Lake Almanor, California hps://californiawolves.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/3437400098_5bcbed91d9.jpg 3 Volcanic Activity • Diffuse degassing and fumaroles • Hawaiian eruptions • Lava lakes • Strombolian eruptions • Vulcanian eruptions • Visuvian or sub-plinian eruptions (M‹4) • Plinian eruptions (M=4+) • Pelean eruptions • Hydrovolcanic eruptions 4 5 6 Vent: Any opening at the Earth's surface through which magma erupts or volcanic gases are emied. 7 Vent: Any opening at the Earth's surface through which magma erupts or volcanic gases are emied. Caldera:A large basin-shaped volcanic depression with a diameter many mes larger than included volcanic vents; may range from 2 to 50 km (1 to 30 mi) across. Commonly formed when magma is withdrawn or erupted from a shallow underground magma reservoir. The removal of large volumes of magma may result in loss of structural support for the overlying rock, thereby leading to collapse of the ground and formaon of this type of large depression. Calderas are different from craters, which are smaller, circular depressions created primarily by explosive excavaon of rock during erupons. hps://volcanoes.usgs.gov/vsc/glossary/caldera.html 8 Model of Unzen Volcanic Dome, Japan hp://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/KOHO/Yoran2003/sec4-5-eng.files/image002.jpg 9 10 Shield Volcanoes Belnap Crater, McKenzie Pass 11 Belnap Crater 12 AA lava flow 13 Medicine Lake Shield volcano 14 15 hp://volcanoes.usgs.gov/volcanoes/medicine_lake/geo_hist_summary.html -
Field Guides
Downloaded from fieldguides.gsapubs.org on June 1, 2012 Field Guides The post-Mazama northwest rift zone eruption at Newberry Volcano, Oregon Daniele Mckay, Julie M. Donnelly-Nolan, Robert A. Jensen and Duane E. Champion Field Guides 2009;15;91-110 doi: 10.1130/2009.fld015(05) Email alerting services click www.gsapubs.org/cgi/alerts to receive free e-mail alerts when new articles cite this article Subscribe click www.gsapubs.org/subscriptions/ to subscribe to Field Guides Permission request click http://www.geosociety.org/pubs/copyrt.htm#gsa to contact GSA Copyright not claimed on content prepared wholly by U.S. government employees within scope of their employment. Individual scientists are hereby granted permission, without fees or further requests to GSA, to use a single figure, a single table, and/or a brief paragraph of text in subsequent works and to make unlimited copies of items in GSA's journals for noncommercial use in classrooms to further education and science. This file may not be posted to any Web site, but authors may post the abstracts only of their articles on their own or their organization's Web site providing the posting includes a reference to the article's full citation. GSA provides this and other forums for the presentation of diverse opinions and positions by scientists worldwide, regardless of their race, citizenship, gender, religion, or political viewpoint. Opinions presented in this publication do not reflect official positions of the Society. Notes © 2009 Geological Society of America Downloaded from fieldguides.gsapubs.org on June 1, 2012 The Geological Society of America Field Guide 15 2009 The post-Mazama northwest rift zone eruption at Newberry Volcano, Oregon Daniele Mckay* Department of Geological Sciences, 1272 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1272, USA Julie M. -
Overview for Geologic Field-Trip Guides to Mount Mazama, Crater Lake Caldera, and Newberry Volcano, Oregon
Overview for Geologic Field-Trip Guides to Mount Mazama, Crater Lake Caldera, and Newberry Volcano, Oregon Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5022–J U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover (top photo): View east-northeast from Garfield Peak on the south rim of Crater Lake caldera. Peak on skyline is 8,929 feet (2,722 meters) Mount Scott, an ~420 thousand years before present (ka) dacite stratovolcano considered to be part of Mount Mazama, the volcano that collapsed during the caldera-forming eruption ~7,700 years ago. The caldera walls in this view expose Mazama lava flows and fragmental deposits from as old as ~400 ka at Phantom Cone, adjacent to tiny Phantom Ship island, to as young as ~27 ka at Redcloud Cliff, the V-shaped face at the top of the wall left of center. The beheaded glacial valley of Kerr Notch, the low point on the caldera rim, is seen between Phantom Ship and Mount Scott. Photograph by Carly McLanahan. Cover (bottom photo): Newberry Volcano, Oregon, is the largest volcano in the Cascades volcanic arc. This north-facing view taken from the volcano’s peak, Paulina Peak (elevation 7,984 feet), encompasses much of the volcano’s 4-by-5-milewide central caldera, a volcanic depression formed in a powerful explosive eruption about 75,000 years ago. The caldera’s two lakes, Paulina Lake (left) and the slightly higher East Lake (right), are fed in part by active hot springs heated by molten rock (magma) deep beneath the caldera. The Central Pumice Cone sits between the lakes. -
High Desert Region Around Bend, Oregon by Lee Foster
High Desert Region Around Bend, Oregon by Lee Foster Beauty of nature in an alpine setting and diverse outdoor sports attract visitors to the Bend region of Central Oregon. Perusing natural beauty is the most universal pleasure here. Snow-capped mountains, pristine lakes, white-water rivers, and pine forests abound. At any time, the wilderness scenery is striking, with one of the dominant peaks, Mt. Bachelor, Broken Top, and the Sisters, usually present on your horizon. The main natural imprint on the land is a black volcanic presence. For the geology enthusiast, the Lava Lands Visitor Center explains the historic volcanic flows that form a stark legacy. Lava Butte is a 500-foot-high cinder cone, a silent reminder of past volcanic upheavals. A Rockhound Pow-Wow gathers amateur geologists here each July. Since opening in 1982, the High Desert Museum, south of Bend, has emerged as the most important nature interpretive effort in the state. (The High Desert Museum at Bend parallels Tucson’s Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum.) The raptor exhibit alone is worth the visit, putting you as close as you may ever get to a great horned owl, a red-tailed hawk, and an American kestrel. Foremost among the outdoor sports here is skiing at Mt. Bachelor. An extremely long ski season, both for alpine and nordic skiing, lasts into summer. The high- elevation chair lift to the top of Bachelor is popular also with non-skiers who seek an inspiring view of the region. In summer, hikers and campers depart from Bend for the nearby wilderness areas. -
Volcano Hazards at Newberry Volcano, Oregon
Volcano Hazards at Newberry Volcano, Oregon By David R. Sherrod1, Larry G. Mastin2, William E. Scott2, and Steven P. Schilling2 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Vancouver, WA 98661 OPEN-FILE REPORT 97-513 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 1997 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey CONTENTS Introduction 1 Hazardous volcanic phenomena 2 Newberry's volcanic history is a guide to future eruptions 2 Flank eruptions would most likely be basaltic 3 The caldera would be the site of most rhyolitic eruptions—and other types of dangerously explosive eruptions 3 The presence of lakes may add to the danger of eruptions in the caldera 5 The most damaging lahars and floods at Newberry volcano would be limited to the Paulina Creek area 5 Small to moderate-size earthquakes are commonly associated with volcanic activity 6 Volcano hazard zonation 7 Hazard zone for pyroclastic eruptions 7 Regional tephra hazards 8 Hazard zone for lahars or floods on Paulina Creek 8 Hazard zone for volcanic gases 10 Hazard zones for lava flows 10 Large-magnitude explosive eruptions of low probability 11 Monitoring and warnings 12 Suggestions for further reading 12 Endnotes 13 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 1. Volcano hazards at Newberry volcano, Oregon in pocket Figure 1. Index map showing Newberry volcano and vicinity 1 Figure 2. -
Volcanic Hazards • Washington State Is Home to Five Active Volcanoes Located in the Cascade Range, East of Seattle: Mt
CITY OF SEATTLE CEMP – SHIVA GEOLOGIC HAZARDS Volcanic Hazards • Washington State is home to five active volcanoes located in the Cascade Range, east of Seattle: Mt. Baker, Glacier Peak, Mt. Rainier, Mt. Adams and Mt. St. Helens (see figure [Cascades volcanoes]). Washington and California are the only states in the lower 48 to experience a major volcanic eruption in the past 150 years. • Major hazards caused by eruptions are blast, pyroclastic flows, lahars, post-lahar sedimentation, and ashfall. Seattle is too far from any volcanoes to receive damage from blast and pyroclastic flows. o Ash falls could reach Seattle from any of the Cascades volcanoes, but prevailing weather patterns would typically blow ash away from Seattle, to the east side of the state. However, to underscore this uncertainty, ash deposits from multiple pre-historic eruptions have been found in Seattle, including Glacier Peak (less than 1 inch) and Mt. Mazama/Crater Lake (amount unknown) ash. o The City of Seattle depends on power, water, and transportation resources located in the Cascades and Eastern Washington where ash is more likely to fall. Seattle City Light operates dams directly east of Mt. Baker and in Pend Oreille County in eastern Washington. Seattle’s water comes from two reservoirs located on the western slopes of the Central Cascades, so they are outside the probable path of ashfall. o If heavy ash were to fall over Seattle it would create health problems, paralyze the transportation system, destroy many mechanical objects, endanger the utility networks and cost millions of dollars to clean up. Ash can be very dangerous to aviation. -
DOGAMI Open-File Report O-83-03, Survey of Potential Geothermal
DOE/BP/272 STATE OF OREGON DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL INDUSTRIES 1005 State Office Building Portland, Oregon 97201 OPEN-FILE REPORT 0-83-3 SURVEY OF POTENTIAL GEOTHERMAL EXPLORATION SITES AT NEWBERRY VOLCANO, DESCHUTES COUNTY, OREGON 1983 edited by George R. Priest, Beverly F. Vogt, and Gerald L. Black, Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries This work was supported by the Bonneville Power Administration under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-AC79-82BP36734. Governi Board State Geologist Allen P. St·inchfield, Chairman, North Bend Donald A. Hull Donald A. Haagensen, Portland Sidney R. Johnson, Baker Deputy State Geologist John D. Beaulieu NOTICE The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, mark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. NOTICE The Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries is publishing this paper because the subject matter is consistent with the mission of the Department. To facilitate timely distribution of information, this paper ~as not been edited to our usual standards. ii CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY, by George R. Priest 1 Introduction 1 Objectives 1 Methodology 1 Assumptions 2 Conclusions 2 Acknowledgments 4 CHAPTER 2. GEOLOGY OF THE NEWBERRY VOLCANO AREA, DESCHUTES COUNTY, OREGON, by George R. Priest 5 Introduction . 5 Genera 1 Geo 1 ogy . 5 Results of USGS Drilling Program 10 Geophysical Evidence for a Shallow Intrusive 12 Distribution of Volcanic Centers: Implications for the Lateral Extent of a Silicic Intrusive Body 13 Caldera Geometry: Implications for Depths to Former Magma Chambers . -
USGS Fact Sheet 165-97, Revised 2008
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY—REDUCING THE RISK FROM VOLCANO HAZARDS Living with Volcanic Risk in the Cascades he Cascade Range of the Pacific TNorthwest has more than a dozen potentially active volcanoes. Cascade volcanoes tend to erupt explosively, and on average two eruptions occur per century—the most recent were at Mount St. Helens, Washington (1980–86 and 2004–8), and Lassen Peak, Cali- fornia (1914–17). To help protect the Pacific Northwest’s rapidly expand- ing population, USGS scientists at the Cascades Volcano Observatory in Vancouver, Washington, monitor and assess the hazards posed by the region’s volcanoes. On May 18, 1980, after 2 months of earthquakes and minor eruptions, Mount St. The more than 1 million residents of the Seattle-Tacoma, Washing- Helens, Washington, exploded in one of the ton, area live in the shadow of 14,411-foot-high Mount Rainier, the most devastating volcanic eruptions of the tallest volcano in the United States outside of Alaska. Several communities near the volcano, built on the 20th century. Although less than 0.1 cubic deposits of giant lahars of volcanic ash and debris that are less than 1,200 years old, are at risk from similar future lahars. Inset photograph shows a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientist monitoring the volcano for mile of molten rock (magma) was erupted, 57 signs of subtle ground movement that might lead to an eruption or landslide. Photos by Lyn Topinka, USGS. people died, and damage exceeded $1 billion. Fortunately, most people in the area were able (pyroclastic flows), lava flows, and landslides eruptions deposited volcanic ash at least as far to evacuate safely before the eruption because can devastate areas 10 or more miles away; away as Wyoming.