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Home , Cascade Volcanoes, East Lake (Oregon), Lava Cast Forest, Lava River Cave, Newberry Volcano

Deschutes National Forest Newberry National Volcanic Monument U.S. Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture

Summer/Fall 2015 Volcanic VistasVisitor2016 Guide

Look Inside! EBRATIN EL G 2… Camping, Lodging, Food Volcanic Wonders… C 3… Activities 4… Hiking Trails Yours to Discover! 5… Monument Map Visiting Newberry National Volcanic Monument allows you to explore Newberry , YEARS 6… Could It Erupt Again? the largest volcano in the . There are extraordinary Volcanic Wonders within the 7… Caves, , & Bears! Monument, making it a great place to learn about Central ’s fiery past. Newberry’s erup- 8… Support Your Monument! tive history began 400,000 years ago and has created massive flows covering 1,200 square miles, producing lava tubes, and over 400 cinder cones and volcanic vents during it’s active periods. The last eruption—just 1,300 years ago—formed the youngest lava flow in Oregon. Newberry’s rich cultural history offers many ways for you to connect with those who came before. From the native communities who first crossed this land to the early European and American explorers, from the grassroots led Monument creators to casual visitors today, peo- ple have marveled at this rugged landscape for thousands of years. The Volcanic Wonders of Newberry National Volcanic Monument offer boundless opportunities for exploration and recreation… yours to discover!

Lava Butte rises 500 feet above its Forest Service leadership unveils Newberry’s new sign 9 square-mile lava flow. It erupted 7,000 at the Monument dedication in 1991. years ago and is one of Newberry’s Welcome! many cinder cones. (see page 6) As we close our 25th anniversary formed when

celebration at Newberry National photo: Heidi Walker a lava flow overtook an old-growth Volcanic Monument, I look forward forest and cooled to form casts of the to the future of this amazing place. From trees that once stood there. the grassroots beginnings to protect Newberry to your visit today, the

Monument is a part of a larger story is a mile-long Lava Cast Forest photo: K. Sperl spanning decades of passionate appre- formed from one of Newberry ciation, collaboration, and enjoyment. Volcano’s massive eruptions about 80,000 years ago. (see page 7) The Forest Service is dedicated to en-

Lava River Cave photo: Heidi Walker riching your exploration of Newberry National Volcanic Monument, home to Newberry contains the the widest variety of volcanic features crystal-clear and Paulina found in the U.S. Thank you for visiting Lake, several lava flows, and lots of and protecting your treasured public opportunity for adventure. Newberry Caldera photo: US Forest Service lands on the Deschutes National Forest.

Big Flow formed just 1,300 years ago making it Oregon’s

Big Obsidian Flow Rensch C. photo: Scott McBride youngest lava flow. Monument Manager Paulina Peak crowns Newberry Caldera at its highest point of 7,984 ft. Paulina Peak photo: McNally C.. Use the QR code to get Paulina Falls spills over the lowest the NNVM point of Newberry Caldera, plummet-

Volcanic ing 80 ft. in a twin . Paulina Falls photo: Heidi Walker Wonders Mobile App! Call the MONUMENT HOTLINE (541) 383-5700 for up-to-date information Monument Profile

Newberry National Volcanic Monument encompasses 54,822 acres within the Deschutes National Forest. This tract of land was included in the National Forest System for nearly a century before being designated as a National Monument in 1990 by President George H. W. Bush. photo: Tom Iraci - Mountain Images photo: K. Sperl photo: G. Frey photo: J. Snavely photo: S. McBride photo: A. Jewell photo: J. Elliott Exhibits Additional accommodations and a variety • Climb almost 14 miles on asphalt up There is a 10 mph speed limit for all National Monuments enjoy similar Monument News of restaurants are located in the nearby Road (Road 21) from boats. Help protect these pristine lakes protections as National Parks but they Facilities Located in Lava Lands Visitor Center, communities of Sunriver and La Pine. Ser- Activities Highway 97. Recover on the shore of from aquatic invaders. Stop aquatic hitch- are not the same. A Monument can Lava River Cave Goes Solar the Chitwood Exhibit Hall interpretive vices, a major hospital, and many lodging Paulina Lake at an elevation of 6,331 hikers by cleaning, draining and drying be established by Executive Order & Services displays feature , ecology, and and dining options are also available in Hiking feet. Then enjoy gravity’s pull all the your boat and all equipment. while a National Park must be con- New higher capacity solar panels will cultural history along with information on Bend to the north of the Monument. way back down! gressionally designated. Another dif- Over 110 miles of summer trails and be installed to supply more power at the eruptive history of . ference is that a National Monument 130 miles of winter trails can be • Cyclists of any age or ability will en- Fishing Lava River Cave. This remote site relies Visitor Centers A large 3-D topographic map provides can be managed by any the following Camping explored within and extending from the joy the Sun-Lava paved path. Wind The first trout were stocked in East Lake on the sun to power everything from Two visitor centers on the Monument are an excellent overview of the Monument. federal agencies – the National Park Campgrounds are located in Newberry Monument. Trails vary widely in difficulty your way through the forest from in 1912. Since then, both East and Paulina the cash register to the lights. A recent both staffed by Rangers ready to answer The volcanic history continues in colorful Service, Bureau of Land Manage- Caldera along Paulina Lake Road (FS from short walks on paved paths to long Lava Lands Visitor Center to the Lake have become known as some of the your questions and provide information interpretive panels along the Trail of the ment, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, conversion from propane lanterns to Road 21) at the southern end of the hikes on steep terrain. Use the table at the best fishing in the State of Oregon. Rain- to enhance the quality of your visit. Each Molten Land behind the Visitor Center. or the U.S. Forest Service. Newberry rechargeable LED flashlights requires Monument. Please see the table below on page 4 to find a trail that suits your East Trailhead. Go for a short side bow, Kokanee, brown trout, and chub are visitor center has interpretive displays and New interpretive displays will be installed National Volcanic Monument is one more power for charging. These re- for details. Campgrounds are managed interests and abilities. Many spectacular trip to see Benham Falls (not paved). lurking in the lakes. a Discover Your Forest store that sells at Sun-Lava Trailhead and on the path of the few Monuments managed by chargeable lights create less waste and operated by Hoodoo Recreation, sights can be seen from these trails! maps, books, and gifts. for the 2016 season. Lava Cast Forest Fishing licenses are required and can be than propane lanterns and are safer for contact them directly for reservations: the U.S. Forest Service. has panels along a 1-mile path. Inter- Be prepared before going for a hike to Wildlife Viewing purchased online or at either resort. All visitors. Rent a solar powered flashlight Lava Lands Visitor Center protect yourself and the Monument. pretive panels along the Big Obsidian Information (M-F): 541-338-7869 Newberry Caldera is an Oregon State Oregon State Fishing Regulations apply. Newberry National Volcanic Monu- at Lava River Cave today! Bring water, especially on hot days. There May 1 – May 23: Open Thu—Mon Flow trail explain the significance of Reservations (Daily): 877-444-6777 Wildlife Refuge in addition to being a Pick up a copy of the 2015 regulations ment was established to preserve and 10:00 am to 4:00 pm is not much shade on the lava flows. or read them online to learn about daily the black volcanic glass. You can learn www.hoodoorecreation.com National Monument. Many animals live protect the extraordinary volcanic Learn More on the Trail! Dress appropriately for the conditions, May 26 – September 5: Open Daily about disappearance of Whitebark Pine on the Monument but they can be dif- catch limits and advisories. landforms as well as the natural and Sun Lava paved path, Paulina Peak including proper footwear. Stay on the 9:00 am to 5:00 pm trees on Paulina Peak, and displays at Camp only in designated camp- ficult to see. The most common wildlife cultural resources that exist within Trail, and Lava Cast Forest will have Paulina Visitor Center show grounds within Newberry Caldera. trails for your own safety and to protect its boundaries. It also provides out- Sept. 6 – Sept. 30: Open Daily sightings are golden-mantled ground Swimming new interpretive panels for the 2016 history on the Monument. Dispersed camping is allowed outside of important habitat and fragile vegetation. standing opportunities for recreation, 10:00 am to 4:00 pm squirrels, yellow pine chipmunks and Many visitors enjoy swimming and wad- season providing deeper insight into Know the leash laws and where pets can Newberry Caldera in some locations. Stop . Patient observers may see ing in East and Paulina Lakes to cool off. scientific research, and education. Oct. 1 – Oct. 30: Open Weekends or cannot go. Review the Leave No Trace the Monument’s volcanic wonders! by one of the Visitor Centers for detailed coyote, black bear, pika, pine martens, Look for signs posted about warnings. Newberry Caldera, at the southern 10:00 am to 4:00 pm Lodging & Dining principles on page 6. Talk to a Ranger if Immerse yourself in the stories of these information and to receive a map identify- fishers, eagles, and osprey. Mountain lion Occasional blue-green algae blooms extent of the Monument, contains Two privately owned lodges in Newberry you have additional questions. remarkable places! ing dispersed camping locations. may be in the area but are rarely seen. can affect water quality and swimmer’s two majestic lakes surrounded by Paulina Visitor Center Caldera offer cabin rentals, casual dining, The Monument has an abundant diversity safety– even pets. Do not swim at boat mixed conifer forest and is crowned May 28 – June 5: Weekends and Holiday boat rentals, and a small general store. Guide Services Biking of bird species as well. Birders may check launch facilities. Hot springs at the lakes by Paulina Peak. Lava Butte and its 10:00 am to 4:00 pm For information or to make reservations at off species in various ecosystems from lava flow mark the northern end. Permitted guide services operate within The Monument is an excellent place to are undeveloped and shallow. Please, do Paulina Lake Lodge, call 541-536-2240 the high desert to the alpine. Throughout the entire Monument, June 11 – Sept. 5: Open Daily the Monument providing volcano tours, ride whether you seek a challenging road, not dig around the hot springs. Good to Know 10:00 am to 5:00 pm or visit www.paulinalakelodge.com sweeping views, a diversity of life, canoe/kayak excursions, fishing trips, single-track trail, or an enjoyable paved Always keep a safe distance and respect Accessibility miles of trails, and many adventures Sept. 6 – Sept. 30: Open Daily For information about East Lake Resort snowmobile rentals, and mountain bike path. Not all trails are open to bicycles so wildlife. Never feed them, it can be dan- Learning Many locations on the Monument please check the table on page 4 before gerous for people and it is unhealthy await within it’s Volcanic Wonders. 10:00 am to 4:00 pm or to make reservations, call 541-536-2230 adventures. Inquire at one of the Visitor There are many opportunities to learn are accessible to individuals who have deciding on your next ride. If you bike to for them if they become habituated to or visit www.eastlakeresort.com Centers for more information. about the natural and cultural history of • Highest Elevation: 7,984 feet various ranges of mobility. The Lava the Monument, recreation fees do not human food sources. Encountering an Newberry National Volcanic Monument. (Paulina Peak) Lands Visitor Center and Chitwood apply. Consider making a donation to animal in the wild can be an exhilarating While exploring on your own, visit any Exhibit Hall are wheelchair accessible Discover Your Forest in lieu of your fee or and captivating experience. Take care to • Lowest Elevation: 3,960 feet of the interpretive exhibits or hike an in- and have large, accessible restrooms Campgrounds & Lodging donating your time as a volunteer! ensure that both you and the wildlife part (Deschutes River) terpretive trail. Pick up one of the guide- with running water. There are several Please use the bike racks provided ways safely and unharmed. Total Reserve books or historical books at the Discover • Oldest Lava Flow: 400,000 years accessible paths on the Monument Name Amenities Fee Per Night to keep pathways, sitting areas, and Sites Sites Your Forest Bookstores. old (McKay Butte dome including Sun-Lava Path, segments doorways clear. Walk bikes on the Boating on Newberry’s west flank) of the Trail of the Molten Land, Paulina Lake Campground $18 / Extra Vehicle $9 69 39 sidewalk and patio at Lava Lands Visitor To discover even more, join a Ranger-led acdgfkj East and Paulina Lakes are both excep- Paulina Lakeshore Loop, Lava Cast Center. Helmets are required for persons activity or patio talk. Stop by the Visitor • Youngest Lava Flow: 1,300 years tional locations to take your boat out Forest Trail, and Paulina Falls Trail. Newberry Group Camp Site A: $75 Site B, C: $100 3 3 under 16 and are strongly recommended Center or look for posted signs with old (Big Obsidian Flow) afg during the warm summer months. Sev- Paulina Lake Campground has a for all cyclists. program schedules. Special Ranger-led eral boat launches are maintained by • Paulina Lake Depth: 249 feet limited number of accessible sites. The Chief Paulina Horse Camp $14 / $18 / Extra Vehicle $7 14 14 tours can be scheduled for large groups ag the Forest Service as well as one at each Forest Service is working to improve Popular rides: as resources allow. Call the Lava Lands • East Lake Depth: 185 feet Little Crater Campground $18 / Extra Vehicle $9 49 25 resort. Fees apply for boat launch facili- accessible services for all visitors to • Mountain bike the 21-mile Crater Visitor Center for more information. agfk ties and services. Boats of all sizes from the Monument. Rim Trail that circles Newberry Cal- East Lake Campground $18 / Extra Vehicle $9 29 18 canoes, kayaks, and stand up paddle dera with single-track and sweeping acgfk boards to motorboats can be rented at Drinking Water views. For a shorter loop start from Cinder Hill Campground $18 / Extra Vehicle $9 110 55 either resort as well. The crystal clear Water fountains are available at Lava acgfk Cinder Hill TH link the Parallel Trail, Lava Butte Shuttle waters, forested shores, incredible fish- Lands Visitor Center. Running water is Cabins: $95 - $252 14 14 Crater Rim and Newberry Crater Trail. Paulina Lake Lodge ing and Paulina Peak views make the trip available at most campgrounds on the HIgfk Discover Your Forest and Deschutes quite worthwhile. Monument during peak season (June – East Lake Resort Cabins: $84 - $245 16 16 National Forest are excited to an- September). Most day use sites DO NOT HIgfk nounce our continued partnership East Lake RV Park Tent: $25 / RV: $32 45 45 with East Transit (CET). For have running water. The Visitor Centers ahFgf do not sell bottled water in an effort to Kids, you can be a the second year, visitors can utilize a reduce waste and impacts from plastic Posted day use sites within campgrounds require valid recreation pass displayed in addition to any camping fees. See map on page 5 for campsite locations. convenient shuttle service to access Please note: some campground reservations may be limited to allow for tree removal in stands affected by insects and disease. the summit of Lava Butte from mid- bottles. Reusable water bottles can be Junior Forest Ranger! photo: CET purchased at both Visitor Centers. June through Labor Day Weekend during the 2016 season. Help take care of Newberry National Restrooms Every Kid in a Park (EKIP) Pass Volcanic Monument and learn cool Why a shuttle? Recreation Passes (FREE for all 4th grade students! Visit the Restrooms with flush toilets and run- information while you visit! If you are Recreation fees are required at all posted www.everykidinapark.gov for information) • Reduce wait times and allow more people access the Lava Butte summit. ning water are located at both Visitor between the ages of 7 and 12, you can sites. Valid recreation passes include: • Reduce emissions from individual vehicles driving up the road. Centers and many campgrounds. Most Recreation passes can be purchased at earn your Junior Forest Ranger Badge! day use areas have vault toilets. National Forest Day Pass ($5) photo: K. Gentry Monument Welcome Stations located at • Increase the safety of visitors hiking or biking up Lava Butte. Pick up a booklet at Lava Lands Visitor Center or Paulina Visitor Center. National Forest ePass ($5) Lava Lands Visitor Center, Lava River Cave, Showers Paulina Visitor Center, Forest Service Ranger Complete the activities while you explore the monument and then return The shuttle will depart from Lava Lands Visitor Center and Lava Butte every East Lake Resort/ RV campground has NNVM 3-Day Pass ($10, valid only at Stations, and East Lake Resort, or online at: it to a Ranger at either Visitor Center to 20 minutes from 10 am to 4 pm. Fares are $2 per rider (children 2 and un- coin-operated showers. Nearby La Pine Monument Day Use Sites) der ride free). Fares are cash-only with exact change required. Shuttles are www.fs.usda.gov/main/deschutes/passes- earn your badge! Kids 6 and under can State Park also has showers available permits/recreation wheelchair accessible and can transport multiple bicycles. No other motor Annual Northwest Forest Pass ($30) for a fee. earn a Smokey Bear pin by completing the vehicles are allowed on Lava Butte road when the shuttle is operating. Interagency Annual Pass ($80) Fee Free Days! Smokey’s Helper Booklet! Phones Proceeds from the shuttle service are donated to Discover Your Forest for Cell-phone service can be unreliable Interagency Senior Pass ($10) During the 2016 season no recreation Additional hands-on activities are offered at education and interpretation. Last year, the shuttle raised nearly 5,000 in the Newberry Caldera. Reception fees are required on the Monument in Lava Lands Visitor Center. For schedules dollars toward supporting visitor experiences and educational programs at Interagency Access Pass (FREE with valid throughout the Monument varies de- recognition of the following days: Newberry National Volcanic Monument. On the Lava Butte Shuttle, visitors documentation) and more information, inquire at the Visitor pending on your location and service June 4 – National Trails Day can sit back and enjoy the ride while supporting a great cause! provider. Center or visit DiscoverYourForest.org Interagency Military Pass (FREE for ac- June 11 – National Get Out Doors Day tive uniformed personnel and dependents). September 24 – National Public Lands Day

2 3 Trails to Volcanic Wonders! A trail can lead to rare plant species or a clear mind; to a symphony of song- birds or an awe inspiring view of Volcanic Wonders. It can lead to satisfying lessons and challenging situations. You cannot know what you might find when you begin down a trail. For these reasons, keep stewardship and safe- ty in mind. Review the Leave No Trace Principles listed on page 6 to learn how to protect yourself and the Monument’s resources. A few steps ahead or around the next switchback, the unknown is Yours to Discover! photo:C. McNally photo: K. Sperl

Elev. Trail Name Mileage Use Map Description Gain 0.5 mile 0 ft. Cross the footbridge and follow a wide trail to the Benham Falls Deschutes River #2.1 to Benham Falls 1 w- overlook. 0.25 mile 150 ft. Circles the rim of Lava Butte, a volcano. Provides views of Lava Butte Rim #3918 1 w the Cascades and Newberry Caldera. 1 mile loop 150 ft. Paved path with many tree casts and sweeping views of the area. A Lava Cast Forest #3960 2 wd designated National Recreation Trail. Old Mill Interpretive Trail #3984 0.3 mile 0 ft. 1 Provides a glimpse of the Deschutes River’s historic uses and it’s loop wd ecology. Paulina Falls #3957 0.25 mile / 200 ft./ Forested trail leads to the falls plunging 80 ft. with upper and lower EASY 3 2 miles 400 ft. wd viewing areas. Silica #3958.5 0.8 mile 50 ft. 3 Hike through a mixed conifer forest from the Little Crater Camp- w ground to the Big Obsidian Flow. 1 mile loop 150 ft. A must-see National Recreation Trail. Paved interpretive path Trail of the Molten Land #3922 1 wd meanders across a lava flow to a viewpoint. Trail of the Whispering Pines #3930 0.3 mile 0 ft. Paved path wanders through a Ponderosa pine forest. wd 1

Elev. Trail Name Mileage Use Map Description Gain 1 mile loop 500 ft. Ascend the stairs to be surrounded by black volcanic glass, catch Big Obsidian Flow #3958.1 3 w views of surrounding peaks. Black #3935 4 miles 300 ft. A popular single-track mountain bike route that parallels the edge of 1 w- Lava Butte’s lava flow. 10 miles 300 ft. Choose where to start and how long to go for a custom hike, trail Deschutes River Trail - #2.1 1 w- follows the river past several falls. 1 mile 200 ft. Get a great view of a kipuka, an island of trees surrounded by lava on Hoffman Island #3959 2 w this less traveled trail. 1 mile 300 ft. Descend to the underground world of the longest lava tube in Lava River Cave 1 w Oregon. See page 7 for more info. 1.8 miles 500 ft. Offers unique views of the Big Obsidian Flow, Paulina Peak and Little Crater #3953 3 w Paulina Lake. MODERATE 3.5 miles 800 ft. Head up the trail from Cinder Hill Trailhead to the viewpoint on the Newberry Crater #3958 3 w6- Northeast rim of the Caldera. 2 miles 550 ft. Parallels Rd. 21 on the east side of the Caldera and can be used to Parallel #3958.3 3 w6- access the Crater Rim Trail. Sun-Lava #3940 5.5 miles 300 ft. 1 Paved path, stop at the Deschutes River after 4 miles or continue to w-d Sunriver before turning back

Elev. Trail Name Mileage Use Map Description Gain 21 mile loop 1,600 ft. A great mountain bike ride. Shorten the loop by using a connector Crater Rim #3957 3 w6- trail. No water along the way. Lost Lake #3958.2 3.8 miles 300 ft. 3 Parallels Rd. 21 then climbs to the Caldera Rim with unique views of w6- the Big Obsidian Flow. 7.5 mile 200 ft. Go counter-clockwise for the best views. Don’t miss the the peak Paulina Lakeshore Loop #3955 3 loop wd views on the north shore. 2 miles 1,400 ft. A steep hike with huge views waiting on the peak. Trailhead is Paulina Peak #3951 3 w located on the road to Paulina Peak. DIFFICULT Peter Skene Ogden #3956 8.5 miles 2,000 ft. 3 A designated National Recreation Trail, it follows Paulina Creek w6- passing many .

When there is a in the area, the Lookout be- Lava Butte Lookout comes essential to the safety of firefighters on the If you travel to the top of Lava Butte you will see ground. As crews approach a blaze on foot it can be the Lava Butte Lookout. This is both the name of difficult to see because of steep terrain, dense forests, the building and the person that staffs it. Lava Butte and heavy smoke. The Lookout provides an extra was first used as a fire lookout in 1913. The lookout set of eyes and relays information to the firefighters is on the National Historic Lookout Register and is by radio. From an elevated perspective, the Lookout still staffed today. Please, do not disturb the person informs crews on changing variables in fire behavior, who is working as the fire lookout. They have an im- wind, and other weather patterns. portant job to do: scan huge swaths of land for col- In addition to the person staffing the lookout, a volun- umns of smoke. The early detection provided by the teer Ranger is present on the summit of Lava Butte on Lookouts may prevent those small wisps of smoke most afternoons during the summer months. This uni- from becoming massive forest fires. The Lava Butte formed Ranger will gladly answer questions about the Lookout also scans the City of Bend and surrounding Fire Lookout, the surrounding area and can help orient properties, helping to protect many people’s homes you to the Monument. photo: Heidi Walker - HiWalker Photography and livelihoods.

4 5 of the cones. Hundreds of these cinder cones are scattered across the flanks of Help Protect Newberry Volcano. Cave Tours at 3:00 pm Daily Cave Access: Monument Lava Butte has excellent places to see ex- Join a ranger guided one-hour tour of Lava River • Please park in designated spaces only. If amples of this type of eruption. It’s a large Cave to learn more about cave geology and parking lot is full, the cave is at capacity, Resources cinder cone created by explosive activity ecology. Tours are limited to groups of 15 peo- please come back to visit another time. about 7,000 years ago. Effusive activity ple, reservations are accepted day of tour. Every visitor shares the responsibility produced the spectacular black lava vis- • The crawl space near the end of the cave is ible from Hwy. 97 (accessible by trails from closed to visitors for safety and to prevent the of protecting our National Monument. Comfort and Safety: Please take a moment to read these the Visitor Center). You can reach the top potential spread of spores that cause white- regulations so you can explore safely of Lava Butte on a paved road from Lava • Carry 2 light sources with you into the cave. nose syndrome (WNS). Lands Visitor Center for breathtaking views and help protect Monument resources. No liquid gas lanterns please. There is no light- • The cave is closed after normal hours, and is of Newberry and the . Pets ing in the cave, various light sources are avail- closed from Sept 6 until opening in May. Lava flows like these are similar to those able for rent or sale at cave entrance. Control and clean-up after your pets. erupting in Hawaii. They slowly cover the Cave Health: Pets are allowed on leash in picnic ar- landscape, burying everything in their • Wear warm clothing: cave temp. averages 42 ºF. eas, campgrounds, parking areas and path. The Lava Butte flow eventually • Wear sturdy closed-toe shoes or boots as cave • Visit the Bat Conservation Station at Lava River on most Monument trails. Pets are not made its way to the Deschutes River and access requires walking on steep stairs and Cave to learn more about WNS and get a bat dammed it, creating a large lake. The river allowed in Lava River Cave or in federal LAVA RIVER CAVE slippery, uneven surfaces. stamp of approval to enter the cave. government buildings including the eventually carved a new path through Visitor Centers. It is not recommended the flow establishing the channel we see Discover another world below ground in Oregon’s • Watch your head. Child carrier backpacks are • If you have ever been in any cave or mine other to take pets on the Big Obsidian Flow today. Hundreds of eruptions similar to longest lava tube (almost 1 mile). You’ll walk not recommended. Ceiling height in the cave than Lava River Cave, no item worn or used in Lava Butte have occurred at Newberry over down 55 stairs as you slowly descend into the because the rock is very sharp. photo: J. Parsons is variable with some rock outcroppings. that cave or mine is allowed in Lava River Cave the past 400,000 years, creating effusive darkness, discovering unique cave features formed (including clothing, boots, headlamp, cameras, • Please use restrooms before entering the Wildlife lava flows, some extending up to 40 miles by a massive lava flow long ago. A National Forest backpack, etc.). Could Newberry Volcano erupt again? cave. There are NO TOILETS in the cave. It is Keep wildlife wild. Do not feed or ap- from their source vents covering much of Recreation Pass or other valid recreation pass is 2 miles round-trip, average time underground • It is critical to decontaminate your clothing, proach wildlife. It is unsafe and harms by Daniele McKay, OSU-Cascades Volcanologist the Bend and Redmond areas. Many of required to enter, you can purchase a pass on site. these flows channeled into sections of the boots, and gear after you leave Lava River the ecosystem. Store food in closed, is 2 hours. Yes, Newberry could erupt again. In fact, Lake, you are standing on the floor of a Deschutes and Crooked Rivers, sometimes Cave before entering any other cave. Visit hard-sided vehicles, suspended at least Cave Hours • Only certified service dogs are allowed in the it’s very likely that it will! The last erup- large caldera: a collapsed basin created filling deep canyons with molten lava. whitenosesyndrome.org for protocols and 10 feet in the air or in other bear-proof tion was about 1,300 years ago. It sounds during a violent, highly . May 1 – May 23: Thu–Mon 10:00am - 5:00pm cave but they are not recommended due to how-to information. containers. Always keep a clean camp like ancient history, but geologically it’s This event occurred about 75,000 years Volcanic hazards and monitoring: the abrasive metal on stairs and walkways. to avoid attracting any animals into the very recent. That eruption produced Big ago, so much material was ejected that Since it is located near populated areas, May 26 – Sept. 5: Daily 9:00am - 5:00pm There is not enough shade in the parking lot • It is unlikely that you will see a bat in Lava Monument campgrounds. Keep your Obsidian Flow, the youngest lava flow in the volcano collapsed into itself. Large Newberry is considered a high-threat vol- to safely leave pets in vehicles. River Cave. However, if you do see a bat, Gate Closes at 4:00pm pets leashed and under control to avoid Oregon. In addition to erupting recently, amounts of ash were produced, along with cano. Eruptions could significantly impact don’t touch or harass it and notify staff of conflicts or disturbance with wildlife. there’s evidence that still exists another very dangerous volcanic product . can cause the location where you encountered it. beneath Newberry. Hot springs, gas emis- called pyroclastic flows. These are super respiratory problems, crop failure, roof col- Camping sions, small , and Newberry’s hot, fast-moving currents of gas, ash, and lapse, water contamination, and mechani- Camp only in designated sites within location near other all rock that burn and bury everything in their cal or electrical failure of car and jet en- Lava River Cave points of interest Newberry Caldera. There is a 14-day suggest magma lies beneath the volcano. path. Deposits from these flows cover the gines. Pyroclastic flows travel very quickly stay limit on the Deschutes National flanks of Newberry Volcano, and ash from and are deadly to everything in their path. Entrance Collapsed Corridor U.S. Hwy. 97 What if Newberry erupted today? Echo Hall Low Bridge Lane Forest, this includes within Newberry this eruption has been found as far away Effusive lava flows move slowly, and bury 4500’ Two Tube Tunnel The best way to figure out what a volcano Sand Gardens Caldera. as San Francisco. Based on deposits found everything in their path under solid rock. 0’ 300’ 600’ might do is to look at its history. Volcanic at Newberry, it’s possible that the volcano If renewed activity occurred, lava flows 4400’ Fires & Firewood eruptions are often classified by eruption has produced as many as three large cal- may bury roads, railroads, power lines, gas styles, which range from explosive to effu- dera-forming events in it’s past. lines, and other important infrastructure. 4300’ Campfires are allowed only in estab- sive. Explosive eruptions are just like they Lava flows can also rivers, causing Newberry also produced explosive erup- lished fire rings within designated sound: powerful explosions of ash and gas and contamination of drinking wa- tions that did not create . The 0’ 500’ 1000’ 1500’ 2000’ 2500’ 3000’ 3500’ 4000’ 4500’ 5000’ 5200’ campgrounds in the Caldera. Campfires blown high into the atmosphere. Effusive ter, and they can ignite forest fires. may be further limited during fire sea- eruptions are characterized by lava oozing eruption that produced the Big Obsidian Picturesque Paulina Lake and East Lake son. Check campground postings or ask out of the volcano. Newberry’s numerous Flow began as an explosive one. Although hold their own threat. Eruptions occurring a Ranger for more information. Limit eruptions have spanned the full range of not a large caldera-forming eruption, it through water are especially hazardous firewood collection to ‘dead and down’ explosive and effusive. This diversity makes was violent enough to send ash as far as because they are more explosive and can wood for camping purposes only. Newberry National Volcanic Monument Idaho. After most of the gas escaped from Protecting Bats at Lava the , it continued as a cause flooding. An eruption in the caldera Be Bear Aware! Chainsaw use is not permitted within a unique place to see recent examples of slow, of high-silica ob- could send pyroclastic flows or campgrounds. Do not carve, chop or nearly every type of volcanic activity. River Cave From sidian. There are several obsidian flows in into the lakes. Displaced water would then Newberry Caldera is not only part of a National otherwise damage vegetation. Chemical composition of the magma is an Newberry Caldera older than Big Obsidian cause sudden flooding of roads, camp- Monument but is also a wildlife refuge. Leave no White-nose Syndrome Hunting and Firearms important aspect of eruptions. One of the Flow, indicating that effusive eruptions of grounds, and resorts, and large floods trace and always keep a clean camp to prevent main compounds in magma is silica, (it’s silicic lava following explosive events are could be sent roaring down tributaries. wild animals from obtaining human food and by Julie York, USFS Wildlife Biologist Hunting and the use of firearms is not also a main ingredient in glass). , common at Newberry. Newberry Volcano poses many hazards to garbage. permitted within Newberry Caldera. , and volcanic rocks high in silica are White-nose syndrome (WNS) has killed almost 7 people nearby and it’s closely monitored. • Store all food and food-related items Firearms are not permitted in federal described as silicic. Obsidian is an exam- Mafic eruptions at Newberry Volcano: million hibernating bats in the U.S. and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is the gov- in a closed, hard-sided vehicle or buildings including Visitor Centers. ple of a silicic . Volcanic prod- Most of Newberry Volcano is composed of since 2006. ernment agency responsible for evaluating ucts low in silica are described as mafic. overlapping mafic lava flows that erupted suspended at least 10 ft. off of the Off Highway Vehicles volcanic hazards and warning the public of The disease is caused by a cold-loving fungus that Basalt is an example of a mafic volcanic from the flanks, or sides, of the volcano. ground and 4 ft. from threats. USGS has a network of seismom- thrives in hibernation sites including caves and Off highway vehicles are not permitted rock. Volcanic rocks with intermediate Though not as tall as peaks like Mt. Hood any supporting tree or pole. eters on Newberry measuring earthquakes. mines. Named for the white powdery appearance on Newberry National Volcanic Monu- silica content are called . High- and Mt. Rainier, the volume of material • Ice chests, coolers, boxes, cans, tents Small quakes are common at Newberry, ment. silica magma tends to trap more gas than erupted from Newberry makes it among and soft-sided campers are not bear- around bats’ noses, the fungus may also occur on but a sudden increase in activity might be low-silica magmas. Both types erupt explo- the largest volcanoes in the Cascades. resistant! ears, wings, and forearms or may not be visible at Other Monument Resources a precursor to an eruption. all. The fungus agitates bats, awakening them dur- sively or effusively, but silicic magmas tend Mafic eruptions at Newberry didn’t have as • Store pet food and livestock feed the USGS scientists are conducting detailed ing their winter hibernation. Bats use their water Leave what you find, including wild- to erupt much more explosively. Newberry much gas as the caldera-forming eruptions same as human food, out of reach from Volcano has produced both silicic and maf- studies of Newberry’s past. By learning as and fat reserves too quickly, reducing their chance flowers, rocks, artifacts, and even pine- described above, but they had enough to bears and other animals. cones. All natural resources are part of ic rocks, making it a unique place to see a hurl molten fragments like fire-fountains much as possible about Newberry’s his- for surviving winter. The fungus primarily spreads • Deposit all garbage in wildlife-resistant a fragile ecosystem, many species rely wide variety of volcanic products. of lava. Most of these fragments cooled tory, scientists can make better predictions from bat-to-bat contact but may also be spread by about future activity and warn the public trash containers. on these resources to survive. Silicic eruptions at Newberry Volcano: in the air and formed frothy vesicular rock bringing contaminated human clothing or equipment called scoria, or cinder, which piled up in if an eruption is likely to occur. For more • Remove all food and garbage from your from one contaminated site to another. Leave No Trace Newberry Volcano has produced several information, visit the USGS website at: campsite before you leave. WNS infected tricolored bat. Photo: By Marvin Moriarty/USFWS explosive silicic eruptions in the past. a cone around the vent. As gas escaped There is no known health risk to from WNS. from the magma feeding these eruptions, http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/volcanoes/ The best way to minimize your impact When you visit Paulina Lake and East • Never approach or feed any wildlife. However, the impacts to humans from the loss of effusive lava flows emerged from the base newberry/ on both the Monument’s resources and Don’t be careless with food or garbage when Did you know... bats is devastating. Bats play a crucial role in the on other visitors’ experience is to follow camping. Wild animals, especially bears, may health of our ecosystem by consuming many insects, the Leave No Trace Principles. These • Bats are the only mammals capable of true wander through at any time, day or night. Wild including pest species. seven principles have been developed Don’t Be a Rock Raider! flight. Their wing membrane stretches between animals near a campground are more likely to to help people enjoy their time out- extremely elongated fingers, resembling a White-nose syndrome was recently detected in Why can’t I take a piece home? lose their fear of humans. These animals can doors responsibly. For more information human hand. March 2016 near , . Help stop it’s often become increasingly aggressive in their at- visit www.LNT.org or talk to a Ranger! Newberry National Volcanic Monument was established by the spread, please visit whitenosesyndrome.org for tempts to obtain human, pet, and livestock food. • Bats are the primary predators of night-flying protocols for decontamination of clothing, boots, Photo by R. Gentry U.S. Congress on Nov. 5, 1990. As stated in legislation, its purpose insects, including forest and agricultural pests. • Plan Ahead and Prepare is to “preserve and protect for present and future generations and gear used in caves and mines. • Travel and Camp on Durable Sur- Newberry’s remarkable geologic landforms.” Each of us plays • Lessons learned from bats’ echolocation have If you see unusual bat behavior, do not touch any faces a vital role in caring for our National Monument. Damaging or produced navigational aids for the blind. bat. Call the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife removing even a small sample of rock degrades the resource and wildlife health hotline at 966-968-2600 or report • Dispose of Waste Properly • Bat droppings in caves are called guano and can it’s illegal (36 CFR 261.9 a and b). Please report any violations to a online at: Forest Service ranger. be used as fertilizers. • Leave What You Find dfw.state.or.us/wildlife/health_program How can I see obsidian and learn more? • Research on bat biology has led to • Minimize Campfire Impacts Obsidian is a natural volcanic glass, remarkably advancements in sonar, vaccine development, Unusual bat behavior includes: dying or sick bats on • Respect Wildlife similar to the glass in your windows. Unlike Travel to Newberry Caldera and hike the Big Obsidian Flow trail and blood anti-coagulation for humans. the ground or unable to fly, flying during the day- most rocks, obsidian is formed with minimum to see this unique volcanic rock. To learn more or to obtain a time, during freezing weather, or bats that have a • Be Considerate of Other Visitors crystal growth and has a disordered internal legally sourced sample of obsidian, visit Paulina Visitor Center or • Vampire bat saliva may help stroke victims white fungus on their face or wings. structure similar to liquid. Lava Lands Visitor Center. dissolve the blood clots that cause a stroke.

6 7 Bend Skyliners Road «¬20 U.S. Forest Service Newberry National Volcanic Monument 2016 - SWH U.S. Department of Agriculture Oregon To Cascade Lakes d oa Bend t R Welcome Station Ch ot Portland in Kn !Z a This is the official visitor’s guide H a t Salem r R e and informational newspaper for iv o es H R a Lak i Deschutes d Cascade ghw s ay te Eugene Newberry National Volcanic u River Woods Bend ch Exit es Monument. This publication was D 41 143 ^_ produced by Discover Your Forest, 9:; Newberry National (a 501c3 nonprofit) in collaboration ¤£97 Volcanic Monument

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5 1 1 2 Volunteer With Us! 22 La Pine Deschutes Newberry National Volcanic Monument is National Paulina Peak Forest home to a wonderful group of Volunteers. 2 2 2 They are the men, women, and youth with 5 passionate interest in volcanoes, science, and the rich cultural and geological history sur- rounding Central Oregon’s National treasure. «¬31 These dedicated individuals help the Forest Service in immeasurable ways to protect this amazing place and make your experience at Newberry the best it can be.

We’re proud of and grateful for our volunteers who, for decades, have logged thousands of hours helping at Newberry Support Your Monument! National Volcanic Monument. Newberry Newberry National Volcanic Monument is managed through a partnership between Deschutes National Forest and Discover Your volunteers guide school groups, lead hikes Forest. Discover Your Forest is a local nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting the discovery of Deschutes and Ochoco National and cave tours, keep our trails clean and Forests and National Grassland through enriching the experiences of visitors and building community stewardship of these safe, assist campers, and share information special places today for generations to come. with the public at the Monument’s visitor centers and signature volcanic wonders sites. You can support Discover Your Forest in many ways during your visit, including purchasing items from our stores. Proceeds from your pur- Our Volunteers are one of Newberry’s best chases support field trips, educational and interpretive programs, exhibits, publications and, other visitor services. We offer high quality resources. Along with information about items for kids and adults that highlight the plants, animals, and geology of Central Oregon and the . the Monument, our Volunteers enhance the You can also support Discover Your Forest by becoming a member. Members get great discounts and access to exclusive benefits. Visit one visitor’s experience by educating the public about Leave No Trace ethics and how to be of our Discover Your Forest locations at Lava Lands Visitor Center, Paulina Visitor Center, or Lava River Cave for more information. good Stewards of our public lands. Your donations make a difference, during the past year, we have been able to: Newberry volunteers are part of a forest- • Welcome over 250,000 visitors at Newberry National Volcanic Monument. wide volunteer program that hosts 3,000 volunteers each year. Together they contrib- • Train 25 Certified Interpretive Rangers who made over 30,000 visitor contacts. ute nearly 250,000 hours of service compris- • Issue Jr. Ranger badges to 2,500 children ing $1.2 million in donated labor. • Produced and distributed visitor publications reaching over 210,000 visitors If you would like to learn more about how to become a Volunteer and experience the • Provide free field trips for 5,400 K-12 students wonders of Newberry National Volcanic Monument, visit discoveryourforest.org To donate, visit one of our locations, go to discoveryourforest.org, or call 541-383-5572. or call Discover Your Forest at 541-383-5530. Discover Your Forest and Deschutes National Forest are committed to making your visit to Newberry truly monumental! Thank you for your support! photo: Discover Your Forest

In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture policy, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability.