Assessment of 97 Ganga Towns As a Part of Swachh Survekshan 2020
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Assessment of 97GangaTowns 2 3 4 5 Parijat Chakraborty Country Service Line Leader Public Affairs & Corporate Reputation, Ipsos India Message Team Ipsos had this wonderful opportunity to work with Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs (MoHUA) on Assessment of 97 Ganga Towns as a part of Swachh Survekshan 2020. It was the trust, collaboration & understanding between Ipsos, MoHUA and State Governments that made it possible to complete this survey within stipulated timeframe. Strong & rigorous planning, multiple meetings with different stakeholders, dissemination of meticulous assessor trainings along systematic implementation of plan have resulted in successful completion of the project. The survey was entailed to capture data on predefined framework. Our teams of 30 trained assessors visited 97 Ganga Towns spread across 5 states (Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal), collecting data from 863 Ghats using direct observation method along with capturing video (389) and photographic (11,561) evidences. To ensure elimination of pen & paper, an online platform was developed and tech savvy tools (tablets) were used during data collection process. Timestamps provided greater transparency. I hope this has not only been an enriching experience for the team, it gives us great pride in partnering with MoHUA on this prestigious project. We look forward to work on future initiatives with MoHUA and positively contribute in achieving objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission. (Parijat Chakraborty) 6th August, 2020 6 Table of Content S.No. Particular Page No. 1 Abbreviations 8 2 Executive Summary 9 3 Overall Indicator-wise Analysis 12 4 Chapter 1: Introduction 18 5 Chapter 2: Overall Rankings 23 6 Chapter 3: State-wise Findings (Uttarakhand) 27 7 Chapter 4: State-wise Findings (Uttar Pradesh) 38 8 Chapter 5: State-wise Findings (Bihar) 52 9 Chapter 6: State-wise Findings (Jharkhand) 62 10 Chapter 7: State-wise Findings (West Bengal) 65 11 Annexure I: Survey Questions and Scoring Scheme 93 12 Annexure II: State/Town-wise details of Ganga Towns 94 7 Abbreviations: 1. SBM – Swachh Bharat Mission 2. MoHUA – Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs 3. GVP – Garbage Vulnerable Points 4. MSW – Municipal Solid Waste 5. QC – Quality Check 6. EIC – Executive In-Charge 8 Executive Summary Assessment of 97 Ganga Towns was undertaken by Ipsos Research Private Limited, under Swachh Survekshan 2020. The evaluation was executed with constant support and guidance of Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) to measure the cleanliness in and around ghats. The survey was executed using direct observation within a span of 15 days (16th - 31st January 2020). The study was executed in the five states, from where Ganga river flows, coverage of the project is depicted below: State-wise Number of Ganga Towns Uttarakhand – 16 Uttar Pradesh – 21 Bihar – 18 Jharkhand – 2 West Bengal – 40 9 The parameters covered in this study are as follows: The survey was conducted in January 2020, covering 863 Ganga Ghats across 97 towns. A team of 30 assessors were trained and employed for conducting the assessment. These assessors were further monitored / lead by Executive Officers. Project coverage is depicted below: 10 The key findings of the survey are briefed below: 52 towns had anti-littering messages placed across Ghats. Across 46 towns, no solid waste was found floating on river surface. Out of 97 Ganga towns, no GVPs were observed in 34 towns. No open dumpsites were spotted around vicinity of Ghats in 29 towns. Among 97 towns, sweeping and cleaning arrangements were available in 62 towns. 19 towns had functional municipal solid waste (MSW) plants. In 31 towns, it was observed that no nullah were being discharged into the river. Twin-Litterbins were placed in every 50 meters of Ghats across 58 towns. Availability of Trash Cleaners was observed in 13 towns. Abovementioned data has been detailed in subsequent chapters of the report. Disclaimer: During on-ground assessment it was identified that in Barauni (Bihar), Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya (Uttar Pradesh) and Gayeshpur (West Bengal) Ganga Ghats were not found; in Badrinath & Gangotri Dham of Uttarakhand were closed due to extreme weather conditions. Therefore, 92 Ganga Towns were assessed. 11 Overall Indicator-wise Analysis Figure 1 represents the state-wise status of towns where open dump sites were not-spotted near or on riverbank. Figure 1: State-wise status of open dump sites along river Findings: ❖ In Uttarakhand, open dump sites were found around Ghats of 5 towns. ❖ 4 towns in Uttar Pradesh were observed where open dump sites were present. ❖ For Bihar, 15 out of 18 Ganga Towns were such where open dump sites were observed. ❖ Across Jharkhand, open dump sites were spotted in 2 Ganga Towns. ❖ Open dump site in 35 Ganga towns of West Bengal were identified. Figure 2 given below depicts state-wise count of towns where GVPs were not-present around Ghats area. Figure 2: State-wise status of GVPs spotted across Ghats vicinity Findings: ❖ In Uttarakhand, GVPs were found around Ghats of 9 towns. ❖ Across Uttar Pradesh, GVPs were spotted in Ghats vicinity of 6 towns. ❖ Out of 18, 15 towns of Bihar were such where GVPs were observed. ❖ For Jharkhand, GVPs were found in 1 Ganga Town. ❖ GVPs were identified in 27 Ganga towns of West Bengal. 12 Figure 3 presents the state-wise count of towns where anti-littering messages / hoardings were placed / around the Ghats. Figure 3: State-wise count of towns where anti-littering messages were placed across Ghats Findings: ❖ 11 towns in Uttarakhand were found where Anti-Littering messages were placed across Ganga Ghats. ❖ In Uttar Pradesh, 14 towns were identified where Anti-Littering messages were present around Ghats. ❖ For Bihar, Anti-littering messages were observed across Ghats of 3 Ganga towns. ❖ Across Jharkhand, both towns (Rajmahal and Sahebganj) had Anti-littering messages placed across Ghats. ❖ Anti-littering messages were found in 22 Ganga towns of West Bengal The Figure 4 given below represents state-wise count of towns where twin litter bins were placed / not-placed in every 50 meters around the Ghats. Figure 4: State-wise count of towns where twin-litterbins were placed across Ghats Findings: ❖ Across 14 Ganga towns in Uttarakhand, twin-litterbins were available in 10 towns. ❖ In Uttar Pradesh, twin-litterbins were found in 14 towns. ❖ 6 towns in Bihar were such where twin litterbins were spotted. ❖ Twin litterbins were present in 1 town of Jharkhand. ❖ For West Bengal, twin litterbins were observed in 27 towns. 13 Figure 5 shows the State-wise count of towns where floating solid waste was observed / not- observed on the surface of river Ganga. Figure 5: State-wise count of towns where floating solid waste observed on river surface Findings: ❖ In Uttarakhand, solid waste floating on river was found in 5 towns. ❖ Solid waste was floating on Ganga surface in 7 towns of Uttar Pradesh. ❖ 9 Ganga towns in Bihar were such, where solid waste floating on river. ❖ For Jharkhand, 1 town was identified where solid waste was floating on river surface. ❖ Across West Bengal, solid waste floating on Ganga surface was observed in 26 towns. Figure 6 depicts the state-wise count of towns in where trash cleaners were available / not- available to trap solid waste floating on river. Figure 6: State-wise status of towns on availability of trash cleaners Findings: ❖ Across all Ganga towns, trash cleaners were observed in Uttarakhand (2), Uttar Pradesh (5), Bihar (5) and Jharkhand (1). ❖ There were 79 towns where trash cleaners were not available. 14 Figure 7 represents the state-wise count of towns where sweeping and cleaning arrangements were available / not-available across Ghats. Figure 7: State-wise status of sweeping and cleaning arrangements across ghats Findings: ❖ Across Uttarakhand, sweeping and cleaning arrangements were available in 11 towns. ❖ Sweeping and cleaning arrangements were available in 17 towns of Uttar Pradesh. ❖ 6 towns of Bihar had sweeping and cleaning arrangements for Ghats. ❖ In Jharkhand, both towns (Rajmahal and Sahebganj) had sweeping and cleaning arrangements for Ghats. ❖ Out of 40 towns, sweeping and cleaning arrangements for Ghats were found in 26 towns of West Bengal. Figure 8 depicts the state-wise count of towns where solid waste processing plants were available / not-available. Figure 8: State-wise status of availability of MSW processing plant Findings: ❖ Across all Ganga towns, municipal solid waste processing plants were identified in Uttarakhand (3), Uttar Pradesh (13), Bihar (1) and Jharkhand (2). ❖ There were 73 towns where solid waste processing plants were not available. 15 Figure 9 shows the state-wise percentage of nullahs and screes status observed during the survey. Figure 9: Overall status of nullahs and screens 100% 82% 71% 57% 53% 40% 33% 29% 25% 21% 24% 21% 10% 0% 0% Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh Bihar Jharkhand West Bengal Towns where nullahs were discharged into river Towns where Screens were installed on nullahs Towns where nullahs have screen but no cleaning arrangements for the same Findings: ❖ In Uttarakhand status of Nullahs and Screens is as follows: o 11 out of 16 towns in Uttarakhand were found where nullahs were being discharged into river. o In 8 towns screens were installed on nullahs. o Chocking / no screens were observed in 3 towns. ❖ Status of Nullahs and screens in Uttar Pradesh is given below: o Out of 21 towns in Uttar Pradesh, nullahs were discharged into river in 8 towns. o 5 towns were identified where screens were installed on nullahs. o Chocked screens were observed in 2 towns. ❖ For Bihar, status of Nullahs and Screens is briefed below: o Across Bihar 9 out of 18 towns were such where nullahs were being discharged into river. o Screens were installed on nullah of 5 town. o Chocked / no screens were observed in 4 towns.