Acceptability Standards Subject Index Sampling and accepting a single lot of paper, paperboard, containerboard, or related product, T NOTE: This list was updated July 15, 2016 400 Acetate ______A______Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion chromatography, T 699 Acetone ABC test Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, T 204 see Sulfide-free reducing compounds, Total Acid groups reducing compounds Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282 Abrasion Acid insolubles Loss of paper and paperboard, T 476 Ash in wood, pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 244 Abrasion resistance Wood and pulp, T 222 Paper and paperboard, T 476 Acid number Absorbence/absorbency see Saponification number see Absorptivity Acid solubles Absorbent papers Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434 see also Absorptivity Acidity Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432 see also Saponification number Absorption Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Determination of effective residual ink Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602 concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Hot water extractable of paper, T 428 measurement, T 567 Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R; extraction method), T 509 TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (hot k, T 1214 extraction method), T 435 Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2, Active alkali 89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Surface wettability of sheeted materials using an Active chlorine automated contact angle tester, T 558 Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite Absorptiveness bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 see Absorptivity Added fluorescence Absorptivity see Fluorescent dyes Bibulous papers, to water, T 432 Additives Blotting paper, to ink, T 431 see also Fillers, Pigments Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462 Adhesion Corrugating medium (water drop absorption test), T Curl of flat gummed papers, T 520 835 Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T Sized paper, paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard 516 to water (Cobb test), T 441 Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted tensile), T 541 materials using an automated contact angle tester, T Pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective 558 separation, T 821 Water, corrugating medium, T 819, T 831, T 832 Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted Accelerated aging materials using an automated contact angle tester, see Aging T 558 Accelerated tests Water absorption of corrugating medium, T 832 Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 separation, T 845 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Adhesives paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T see also Adhesion 572 Aging Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board, writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T T 453 573 Paper and board with moist heat, T 544 Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 Aging tests Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board, Accelerated light aging of printing and writing T 453 paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578

Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Alpha-cellulose paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T In paper, T 429 572 In pulp, T 203 Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Alumina writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T see Aluminum oxide 573 Alumina hydrate Air flow (through paper) see Aluminum hydroxide see also Air permeability Aluminum Roughness of paper and paperboard (Print-Surf Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 method), T 555 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Air permeability of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Paper, T 460 Aluminum oxide (alumina) Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Analysis of limestone, T 618 method), T 547 Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure Amides Gurley method), T 536 Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Air permeance Amines see also Air permeability Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460 Ammonium hydroxide Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure Analysis of talc, T 665 Gurley method), T 536 Ammonium thiocyanate Air pollution Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing 610 paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Analysis 572 Determination of equilibrium moisture in pulp, Air resistance paper, and paperboard for chemical analysis, T 550 see Air permeability Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460 determination), T 504 Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure Preparation of wood for chemical analysis, T 264 Gurley method), T 536 Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257 Alcohol-benzene Anatase titanium dioxide see Benzene see Pigments Alexander's stain Angle of contact see Fiber analysis, Staining see Contact angle Alkali Angle of slide Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite see Slide angle bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 Animal glue Analysis of rosin size, T 628 see Glue Alkali solubles/solubility Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative see Caustic solubles determination), T 504 Alkaline papers Anomalies Alkalinity of paper as calcium carbonate (alkaline Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations, reserve of paper), T 553 T 1205 Alkaline pulp Apparent viscosity see Pulp see Viscosity Alkaline reserve Arabinan see Alkalinity Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Alkalinity and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green 249 liquors, T 624 Area Caustic soda, T 613 see Specific surface Hot water extractable of paper, T 428 Arsenic Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602 extraction method), T 509 Ash Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (hot see Ash content extraction method), T 435 Analysis of rosin, T 621 Paper as calcium carbonate (alkaline reserve), T Analysis of rosin size, T 628 553 Ash content Sodium silicate, T 632 Acid-insoluble, in wood, pulp, paper and

paperboard, T 244 (gravimetric method), T 545 Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of combustion at 525C, T 211 corrugated board, T 844 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Grammage of paper and paperboard (weight per of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 unit area), T 410 Wood, pulp, paper and paperboard, combustion at Fiber glass mats, T 1011 900oC, T 413 Machine direction grammage variation Atmospheres measurement (gravimetric method), T 546 Paper, board, pulp handsheets, T 402 Bauer-McNett classifier Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T Fiber length of pulp by classification, T 233 1008 Baumé gravity Atomic absorption spectroscopy see Density Use of in determining sodium, calcium, copper, Beaten pulps iron, and manganese in pulp and paper, T 266 see Pulp, Beaters Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Beater method Available chlorine see Beaters see Active chlorine Beater tests see Beaters ______B______Beaters Drainage time, T 221 Babcock method Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T see Casein, analysis of 248 Bacteria Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), see Bacteriology T 200 Bacteriological examination Beating see Bacteriology Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T Bacteriology 248 Bacteriological examination of paper and Pulp quality analyzed by, T 200 paperboard, T 449 Specific external strength of pulp, T 226 Microbiological enumeration of process water and Beating degree slush pulp, T 631 Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), Bag papers T 200 see Shipping sack papers Beating time Bagasse Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T T 200 259 Bekk testers Baled pulp Smoothness of paper, T 479 Sampling and testing wood pulp shipments for Bend strength moisture, T 210 Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T Bamboo 543 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by 259 single-point bending methods, T 556 Barium Corrugated board stiffness, four point method, T Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis 836 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820 Bark Score bend test, T 577 Analysis of rosin, T 621 Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, Barley straw stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Bending 259 Bending number of paperboard, T495 Barrier films Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type see Vapor barriers tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration), Barrier properties T 566 see Absorptivity, Permeability Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and Basic density paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic see Density configuration), T 489 Basis weight Corrugated board stiffness, four point method, T Cross-machine grammage profile measurement 836

Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820 Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432 Puncture test of containerboard, T 803 Water absorptiveness of sized paper, paperboard, Bending number and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), T 441 see Bending Board Bending resistance see Corrugated board, Fiberboard, Containers, see Bend strength Insulating board, Linerboard, Paperboard Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T Boat method 543 see Corrugating medium Benzene BOD Use of in determining solubles in wood and pulp, T Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T 204 656 Use of in preparing wood for chemical analysis, T Bond strength 264 see also Adhesion Beta-cellulose Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction In pulp, T 203 tensile), T 541 Bibulous papers Pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective see Absorbent papers separation, T 821 Biochemical oxygen demand Bonding strength see BOD Abrasion loss of paper and paperboard (Taber-type Biological control method), T 476 Bacteriological examination of paper and Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 paperboard, T 449 Ply separation of solid and corrugated fiberboard Microbiological enumeration of process water and (wet), T 812 slush pulp, T 631 Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective Bisulfite cooking liquor separation, T 845 see Sulfur dioxide Bone glue Black liquor see Glue Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Book bulk Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion see Bulk number chromatography, T 699 Book paper Gross heating value, T 684 see Bulk number Solids concentration of, T 650 Books Blanks Book bulk and bulking number of paper, T 500 Box blank dimensioning, T 827 Boring method Bleach see Baled pulp Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite Boxboard bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 see Linerboard Bleach liquor Boxes Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite see also Containers bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 Box blank dimensioning, T 827 Bleach sludge Bursting strength of corrugated board, T 810 see Bleach, Sludge Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802 Bleached pulps Breaking length see also Pulps see Tensile strength Alpha-, beta-, gamma-cellulose in pulp, T 203 Breaking strength Carboxyl content of pulp, T 237 see Tensile strength Copper number of pulp, T 430 Brightness Bleaching agents see also Reflectance see Bleach Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments Bleaching powder (45/0), T 646 see Calcium hypochlorite Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 Blister resistance diffuse), T 534 see Blistering CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard Blistering (45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562 Coated paper in heatset printing, T 526 CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0 Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560 Blotting papers Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp see also Absorptivity (d/0) (ultraviolet level D65), T 579 Ink absorbency, T 431 Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp

(d/0) – Ultraviolet Level C, T 525 Caliper Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible see Thickness dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Calorimetry analysis, T 563 Gross heating value of black liquor, T 684 Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp Canadian Standard Method (Büchner funnel procedure), T 218 Freeness of pulp, T 227 Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp Capillarity (sheet machine procedure), T 272 Viscosity of pulp (capillary viscometer method), T Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and 230 luminous reflectance factor, T 1216 Capillary viscometer Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper see Capillarity and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Carbohydrates Pulp, paper, and paperboard (directional reflectance Alkali solubility of pulp at 25C, T 235 at 457 nm), T 452 Composition of extractive-free wood and wood pulp Bromophenol blue by gas-liquid chromatography, T 249 see Indicators, preparation of Extraction of by hot alkali, T 212 Bulk Carbonates Book bulk and bulking number of paper, T 500 Analysis of caustic soda, T 613 Bulk density Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T chromatography, T 699 258 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Bulk number of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Of paper, T 500 Carboxyl content Burst factor see Carboxyl groups see Burst strength Carboxyl groups Burst index Caboxyl content of pulp, T 237 see Burst strength Carton adhesive Burst ratio see Adhesion, Bond strength see Burst strength Casein Burst strength Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Corrugated and solid fiberboard, T 810 Castor oil Linerboard, T 807 Penetration test for paper, T 462 Paper, T 403 Caustic soda see Sodium hydroxide Caustic solubles Alkali solubility of pulp at 25°C, T 235 ______C______One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood and pulp, T 212 Cadmium Cellulose Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Alkali solubility of pulp at 25C, T 235 Calcium Alpha-, beta-, gamma-cellulose in pulp, T 203 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Alpha-cellulose in paper, T 429 In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Carboxyl content, T 237 spectroscopy, T 266 Cupriethylenediamine disperse viscosity of pulp, T Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis 254 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Indication of degradation during pulping and Calcium carbonate bleaching processes, T 212 Alkalinity of paper as (alkaline reserve), T 553 Viscosity of pulp (capillary viscometer method), T Calcium hypochlorite 230 Analysis of bleach liquor, T 611 Centrifugal pump Calcium oxide see Sample preparation Analysis of lime, T 617 Chemical analysis Analysis of limestone, T 618 Determination of equilibrium moisture in pulp, Analysis of talc, T 665 paper and paperboard analysis, T 550 Calibration Preparation of wood for, T 264 Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis reference materials, T 1211 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Calibration of reflectance standards for Chemical properties hemispherical geometry, T 1218 See also specific properties, e.g., pH

Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp diffuse), T 534 and paper mills, 0402-37 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Magnesia-base pulping solutions, 0607-04 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) safe storage and handling, Viscosity of coating clay slurry, T 648 0606-30 CMT test Sodium chlorate (NaCIO3) safe handling and see Corrugating medium storage, 0606-31 Coarseness Chemical pulps see Fineness See also Pulp Coated board Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282 Blister resistance in heat set printing, T 526 Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Surface strength of paper (wax pick test), T 459 278 Coated paper Chemical reactions Blister resistance of in heatset printing, T 526 Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Chips Coating clay see also Wood see Clay Analysis of rosin, T 621 Coating clay slurry Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T see Clay, Slurry 258 Coating color Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 Titanium dioxide content in, T 627 Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257 Coating fillers Chlorides see Fillers Analysis of caustic soda, T 613 Coating pigments Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion see Pigments chromatography, T 699 Coatings Analysis of salt cake, T 619 see also Fillers, Pigments Water-soluble chlorides in pulp and paper, T 256 Abrasion loss of paper and paperboard (Taber-type Chlorine method), T 476 Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 combustion at 900°C, T 413 Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Chlorine sludge of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite Viscosity of coating clay slurry, T 648 bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Chromaticity coordinates Cobb test Color of paper and paperboard, T 527 Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper, Chromatography paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), Suppressed ion analysis of pulping liquors, T 699 T 441 Chromium oxide COD Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281 Chromium trioxide Coefficient of friction Analysis of salt cake, T 619 see Friction C.I.V. test Coefficient of kinetic friction see Viscosity see Friction Clark classifier Coefficient of static friction Fiber length of pulp, T 233 see Friction Clark stiffness Cohesion see Stiffness Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction Classification tensile), T 541 Fiber length of pulp, T 233 Cohesiveness of fibers Classifiers see Tensile strength Fiber length of pulp, T 233 Cold extraction method Clay see Extraction Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Cold storage slurries, T 697 Storage of paper samples for optical measurements Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments and color matching, T 1219 (45/0), T 646 Cold water solubles Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 see Water solubles

Color T 826 Analysis of rosin, T 621 Compression tests CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers, (45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562 T 804 CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0 Edge crush using neckdown, T 838 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560 Flat crush test of corrugated board (rigid support Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 method), T 825 Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible Storage of paper samples for optical measurements beam method), T 824 and color matching, T 1219 Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid The determination of instrumental color differences, support method), T 843 T 1215 Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 818 Color grade Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T see Color 822 Color matching Compression wood Storage of paper samples for optical measurements Identification of in pulpwood, T 267 and color matching, T 1219 Compressive strength Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 see Compression tests Colorimetric determination Concentration (pulp) see Color, Colorimetry Pulp suspensions, T 240 Colorimetry Conditioning Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products, Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 T 402 Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 Conifers Combined board see Softwoods see also Corrugated board Consistency Thickness (caliper) of paper, paperboard, and see also Viscosity combined board, T 411 Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281 Combustion Pulp suspensions, T 240 Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard, T 211, T Constant rate of elongation 413 see Elongation Gross heating value of black liquor, T 684 Construction Combustion products Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard, T 211 corrugated board, T 844 Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: Contact angle combustion at 900°C, T 413 Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact Composition method), T 458 see Fiber analysis Container boards Compressibility see also Corrugated boards, Fiberboard Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers, Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of T 804 packaging and packaging materials (including Edge crush using neckdown, T 838 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Flat crush of corrugating medium (CMT test), T 809 fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Flat crush test of corrugated board (flexible beam Determination of paperboard roll hardness, T 834 method), T 808 Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800 Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T Ink rub, T 830 818 Puncture test of containerboard, T 803 Compression resistance Sampling and accepting a single lot of paper, see Compressibility, Compression strength paperboard, containerboard, or related product, T Compression strength 400 Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers, Score quality test, T 829 T 804 Short span compressive strength of containerboard, Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated T 826 fiberboard (short column test), T 811 Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for Flat crush of corrugating medium (CMT test), T 809 paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related Flat crush test of corrugated board (flexible beam products, T402 method), T 808 Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted Short span compressive strength of containerboard, materials using an automated tester, T 558

Container testing Ultrasonic testing (UT) for tube thickness in black see Containers, Container board liquor recovery boilers: Part I - Guidelines for accurate Containers tube thickness testing; Part II - Default layouts for tube Box blank dimensioning, T 827 thickness surveys in various boiler zones, 0402-18 Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers, Corn T 804 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800 259 Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Corrugated boards method, T 277 see also Containers, Corrugating medium, Contaminants Fiberboard, Linerboard see Impurities Box blank dimensioning, T 827 Contraries Flat crush test of corrugated board (rigid support Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437 method), T 825 Contrast ratio Bursting strength, T 810 Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2, Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of 89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 corrugated board, T 844 Controlled atmospheres Edge crush using neckdown, T 838 Paper, board, pulp handsheets testing, T 402 Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T fiberboard (short column test), T 811 1008 Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated Conversion fiberboard using the clamp method (short column Bending number of paperboard, T495 test), T 839 Conversion factors Flat crush of corrugating medium (CMT test), T 809 For units of measurement, T 1210 Flat crush test (flexible beam method), T 808 Cooking liquor Flexural stiffness, T 820 See also Liquors, Kraft liquor, Soda liquors, Sulfite Ink rub, T 830 liquor, Bleach liquor, Green liquors, White liquors Pin adhesion by selective separation, T 821 Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 Puncture resistance of, T 803 Copper Ply separation of, T 812 In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T spectroscopy, T 266 818 Copper number Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T Pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 430 822 Cord weight Score quality test, T 829 see Weight Stiffness, four point method, T 836 Corrosion Thickness (caliper) of paper, paperboard, and Estimating the first melting temperature of fireside combined board, T 411 deposits in recovery boilers, 0416-12 Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper, Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), and paper mills, 0402-37 T 441 Guide to the use of stainless steel pipe Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective specifications, 0402-24 separation, T 845 Guidelines for corrosion resistant weld metal Corrugated boxes overlay of digester vessels in alkaline pulping service, see also Boxes, Corrugated board, Containers 0402-03 Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802 Guidelines for detection, monitoring and prevention Score quality test, T 829 of flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) in the pulp and Short span compressive strength of containerboard, paper mill, 0402-36 T 826 Guidelines for inspecting batch digesters, 0402-22 Corrugated containers Guidelines for inspection of continuous digesters see Containers and impregnation vessels, 0402-27 Corrugated fiberboard Best practice for inspecting used fiber-reinforced see Fiberboard, Corrugated board plastics (FRP) equipment, 0402-28 Corrugated fluted crush test Guidelines for nondestructive examination of Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible suction roll shells, 0402-19 beam method), T 824 Nozzle maintenance and clogging, 0420-15 Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid Post fabrication cleaning of stainless steel, 0402-35 support method), T 843 Ultrasonic technician performance test for boiler Corrugating adhesives tube inspection, 0402-21 see Adhesion

Corrugating medium Defect size see also Corrugated boards, Fiberboard Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size, Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of T 564 corrugated board, T 844 Defects Flat crush (CMT-test), T 809 Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015 Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size, beam method), T 824 T 564 Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid Defibering support method), T 843 Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), Pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective T 278 separation, T 821 Defibrator Water absorption, T 819, T 831, T 832, T 835 see Disintegrators Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective Degradation/Degraded cellulose separation, T 845 see Cellulose Cotton Degree of adhesion Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T see Adhesion 259 Degree of curl Cracking see Curl see Fracture Degree of defibering Creasing see Disintegrators see also Folding endurance Degree of delignification Creasing of flexible packaging material paper see Delignification specimens for testing, T 512 Degree of sizing Static creasing of paper for water vapor see Sizing transmission tests, T 465 Delamination Critical wax strength number (CWSN) Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 see Wax pick tests Delignified pulps Cross direction see Pulps Grammage profile measurement, T 545 Densitometer Cross direction tear Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460 Specimen preparation for cross directional internal Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related Gurley method), T 536 materials, T 496 Density Crude tall oil Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460 see Tall oil Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Crush resistance Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 see Edge crush resistance, Ring crush tests, Flat Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602 crush tests Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T Cuene 258 Cupriethylenediamine disperse viscosity of pulp Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure (falling ball method), T 254 Gurley method), T 536 Viscosity of pulp, T 230 Sodium silicate, T 632 Cupriethylene diamine Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 see Cuene Diatomaceous earth Curl see Silica Gummed flat papers, T 520 Dichloromethane Preparation of mechanical pulps for testing, T 262 Solubles in wood and pulp, T 204 Diffuse blue reflectance ______D______see Diffuse reflection Diffuse brightness Dairyman’s standard see Diffuse reflection Bacteriological examination of paper and Diffuse ISO brightness paperboard, T 449 see Diffuse reflection Debris Diffuse luminous reflectance Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), see Diffuse reflection T 278 Diffuse opacity Defect area see Diffuse reflection Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size, Diffuse reflectance T 564 Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp

(d/0) – Ultraviolet Level C, T 525 Disperse viscosity Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp see Viscosity (d/0) (ultraviolet level D65), T 579 Dispersions Diffuse reflection Consistency (concentration) of pulp suspensions, T Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 240 diffuse), T 534 Microbiological enumeration of process water and Diffuse opacity of paper (d/0 paper backing), T 519 slush pulp, T 631 Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2, Dissolved solids 89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T Diffuse reflection factor 656 see Diffuse reflection Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281 Dimensional measurement Dominant wavelength Transparent chart for the estimation of defect size, Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 T 564 Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Dimensioning Drainage see Boxes Of pulp, T 221 Directional brightness Drainage rate Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard Freeness of pulp, T 227 (directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452 Drop test Directional measurement see Impact tests Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Drum tests paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 see Impact tests Directional reflectance Drums see Reflectance Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281 Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard Dry abrasion test (directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452 see Abrasion Dirt Dry curl see also Defects see Curl Analysis of rosin, T 621 Dry heat Equivalent black area (EBA) and count of visible see Heat dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Dry indicator method analysis, T 563 see Water resistance In paper and paperboard, T 437 Dry indicator tests In pulp, T 213 Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 tensile), T 231 Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper Dry size and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 see Rosin size Dirt count Dryness see also Dirt see Moisture content Dirt count in paper and paperboard (optical Dupont stain character recognition – OCR), T 537 see Fiber analysis, Staining Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437 Durability Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible see also Permanence dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Accelerated light aging of printing and writing analysis, T 563 paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 572 Dirt index Accelerated temperature aging of printing and see Dirt writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T Discoloration 573 Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T 516 Disintegration Preparation of mechanical pulps for testing, T 262 ______E______Disintegrators Use of in determining drainage time of pulp, T 221 ERIC (Effective residual ink concentration) Use of in forming handsheets for reflectance tests of see Ink pulp, T 218

Edge crush resistance Ethanol see also Edge crush tests Use of in determining solubles in wood and pulp, T Edge crush using neckdown, T 838 204 Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated Use of in preparing wood for chemical analysis, T fiberboard using the clamp method (short column 264 test), T 839 Excitation purity Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible see Dominant wavelength beam method), T 824 External compressive forces Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid see Compression tests support method), T 843 External surface Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T see Specific surface 818 Extractable material Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207 822 Extractable resin Edge crush tests see Rosin see also Edge crush resistance Extraction Edgewise compressive strength of corrugated Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts fiberboard (short column test), T 811 (cold extraction method), T 509 Edgewise compression strength Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts see Edge crush resistance (hot extraction method), T 435 Education Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, T 204 Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 Extraction apparatus Ehrlich’s reagent see Rosin Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Extractive-free wood determination), T 504 see Wood Electrical conductivity Extractives see Conductivity Hot water extractable acidity or alkalinity of paper, pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts T 428 of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold Elemental sulfur extraction method), T 509 see Sulfur Solvent extractives of wood and pulp, T 204 Elmendorf-type tests Extracts see Tear strength see Extractives Elongation Extrusion coating Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber Rheological measurements for characterization of glass mats, T 1009 polyolefins: low-density polyethylene (LDPE) for Energy absorption extrusion coating, T 702 see Tensile energy absorption Envelopes Seal, seam, and window patch testing, T 516 ______F______Enzymatic/colorimetric method see Starch Facial tissues Enzymatic/gravimetric method Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and see Starch facial products, T 580 Equilibrium moisture Falling ball method Determination of in pulp, paper and paperboard for see Viscosity chemical analysis, T 550 Fats Equilibrium relative humidity Determination of in wood and pulp, T 204 see Humidity Feathering Equivalent black area (EBA) Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact Equivalent black area (EBA) and count of visible method), T 458 dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Felt side analysis, T 563 Identification of wire side in paper, T 455 Dirt in pulp, T 213 Ferric iron Errors see Iron Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations, Ferroin T 1205 see Indicators, preparation of Esparto Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401

Ferrous ammonium sulfate Fiberboard containers Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T see Containers, Fiberboard 610 Fiberboard shipping containers Ferrous iron see Containers, Fiber boards see Iron Fiberboards Fiber see also Corrugated boards Analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 Box blank dimensioning, T 827 Coarseness of pulp fibers, T 234 Compression test of fiberboard shipping containers, Consistency (concentration) of pulp suspensions, T T 804 240 Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802 Identification of from conifers, T 263 Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Edge crush using neckdown, T 838 259 Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820 Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span Ink rub, T 830 tensile), T 231 Ply separation of solid and corrugated fiberboard Fiber analysis (wet), T 812 Of paper and paperboard, T 401 Ring crush of paperboard (flexible beam method), T Fiber bonding 818 Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction Ring crush of paperboard (rigid support method), T tensile), T 541 822 Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 Sampling and accepting a single lot of, T 400 Fiber clarifier Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for see Fiber classification paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products, Fiber classification T 402 Fiber length of pulp, T 233 Stiffness, four point method, T 836 Fiber debris Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper, Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), 275 T 441 Fiber diameter Filled papers Average fiber diameter of fiber glass mats, T 1016 Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Fiber glass mats Fillers Average fiber diameter, T 1016 see also Pigments Basis weight, T 1011 Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: Loss on ignition, T 1013 combustion at 900°C, T 413 Moisture content, T 1012 Determination of titanium dioxide, T 627 Moisture sensitivity, T 1014 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Uniformity (visual defects), T 1015 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Fiber identification Sampling, T 657 see Identification Films Fiber length Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T By classification, T 233 516 Of pulp and paper by automated optical analyzer, T Fineness 271 Coarseness of pulp fibers, T 234 Of pulp by projection, T 232 Specific external surface of pulp, T 226 Fiber length distribution Fire resistance Fiber length of pulp and paper by automated see Flameproof papers analyzer, T 271 Fireproof papers Fiber mats see Flameproof papers Sample location for fiber glass mat sheets, T 1007 Fixed suspended solids Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber see Suspended solids glass mats, T 1009 Flakes Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, 278 stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 Flame resistance Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T see Flameproof papers 1008 Flameproof papers Fiber suspensions Treated paper and paperboard, T 461 see Dispersions Flat crush tests Corrugated board, T 808

Corrugating medium, T 809 Folding number Flat crush test of corrugated board (rigid support Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester), method), T 825 T 423 Flax Folding resistance Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 see Folding endurance Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Food boards 259 Odor of packaging materials, T 483 Flexible packaging Food packaging see also Packaging materials see Food boards, Food wrap papers Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T Food wrap papers 507 Odor of packaging materials, T 483 Flexural properties Foreign particles see Bend strength see Impurities Flexural resistance/stiffness Formaldehyde see Stiffness Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and Float curl method of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600 Water absorption of corrugating medium, T 832 Formate Flow measurement Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T chromatography, T 699 656 Formation Fluorescence Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015 Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard Handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp, T 272 (directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452 Four point method Fluorescent dyes see Stiffness Light sources for evaluating papers including those Free fall drops containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212 see Impact test Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 Free mineral acids Fluorescent whitening agents see Inorganic acids see Fluorescent dyes Free moisture Fluorine compounds see Moisture content Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 Freeness Fluoropolymers see also Drainage Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp Drainage time of pulp, T 221 and paper mills, 0402-37 Pulp, T 227 Flute rigidity Friction see Flutes, Compressibility Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Flute-tip adhesion packaging and packaging materials (including see Pin adhesion tests shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Fluted edge crush fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 see Edge crush resistance Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of Flutes uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the Flat crush test of corrugated board (flexible beam horizontal plane method, T 549 method), T 808 Friction factor Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (flexible see also Friction beam method), T 824 Coefficients of static and kinectic friction of Fluted edge crush of corrugating medium (rigid uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the support method), T 843 horizontal plane method, T 549 Fold Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester), packaging and packaging materials (including T 423 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Folding fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Bending number of paperboard, T495 Fungi Folding endurance Microbiological enumeration of process water and see also Bending, Stiffness slush pulp, T 631 Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester), Fungus resistance T 423 see Fungi Paper, T 511 Furnish Drainage time of pulp, T 221

______G______paperboard at 23C and 50% RH, T 448 Water vapor transmission rate of paper and Galactan paperboard at high temperature and humidity, T464 Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T Grease resistance 249 Flexible packaging materials, T 507 Gamma cellulose Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 In pulp, T 203 Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof Gas chromatography papers, T 454 Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Greaseproof papers and wood pulp, T 249 Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T Gas-liquid chromatography 507 see Gas chromatography Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof Gelatin papers, T 454 Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Green density determination) T 504 see Density Geometry Green liquor Calibration of reflectance standards for Analysis of by suppressed ion chromatography, T hemispherical geometry, T 1218 699 Glass fibers Suspended solids in, T 692 see also Fiber glass mats Green volume Sample location for fiber glass mat sheets, T 1007 see Volume Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber Green weight glass mats, T 1009 see Weight Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI Green-Yorston stain procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, see Fiber analysis, Staining stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 Gross heating value Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T see Heating value 1008 Gross sample Glassine papers see Sample Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T Groundwood 507 Drainage time, T 221 Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof Specific external surface of pulp, T 226 papers, T 454 Gum rosin Gloss see Rosin Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 20 Gummed papers degrees, T 653 Curl of, T 520 Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 75o, T Gums 480 Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207 Glucan Gurley testers Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T 543 249 Glue ______H______see also Adhesion In paper (qualitative and quantitative Halphin-Hicks test determination), T 504 see Rosin Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Hammers Glued lap joints Determination of paperboard roll hardness, T 834 see Joints Handling stiffness Graff C stain see Stiffness see Fiber analysis, Staining Handsheet formers Grammage Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp see Basis weight (sheet machine procedure), T 272 Grasses Handsheets Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Determination of effective residual ink 259 concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Gravimetry measurement, T 567 Water vapor transmission rate of paper and Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp

(d/0) – Ultraviolet Level C, T 525 Horizontal plane method Diffuse brightness of paper, paperboard and pulp Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of (d/0) (ultraviolet level D65), T 579 uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the Formation for reflectance testing of pulp, T 272 horizontal plane method, T 549 Forming for reflectance tests of pulp, T 218 Horizontal planes Forming handsheets for physical tests of pulp, T Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of 205 uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the Physical testing of pulp handsheets, T 220 horizontal plane method, T 549 Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for, Hot extraction T 402 see Extractives Hardness (of pulp) Hot water extractable alkalinity see Cooking degree see Extractives Hardness (of rolls) Hot water extracts Paperboard roll hardness, T 834 See also Extractives Hardwoods pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 Heat Hot water solubles Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 see Water solubles Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board, Humidity T 453 Envelope, seal, seam, and window patch testing, T Heat conductivity 516 see Thermal conductivity Equilibrium relative humidity of paper and Heat set ink paperboard, T 502 Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, Humidity control T 526 Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T Heat setting 1008 Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, Humidity rooms T 526 Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for Heat treatment paper, board and pulp handsheets, T 402 Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 Hydrocarbons Effect of dry heat on properties of paper and board, Determination of non-volatile hydrocarbons in T 453 wood and pulp, T 204 Heating value Hydrochloric acid Black liquor, T 684 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T Hemicelluloses 610 Alkali solubility of pulp at 25C, T 235 Hydrogen ion concentration Determination of gamma-cellulose in pulp, T 203 see pH Extraction of by hot alkali, T 212 Hydrolysis Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223 Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282 Hemp Hydroxyproline Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative 259 determination), T 504 Hexeneuronic acid Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282 Hercules test ______I______see Sized papers Herzberg stain Identification see Fiber analysis, Staining Compression wood, T 267 Hide glue Nonwood plant fibers, T 259 Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Wire side of paper, T 455 determination), T 504 Wood and fibers from conifers, T 263 High heating value Illumination see Gloss Light sources for evaluating papers including those High-molecular-weight cellulose containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212 see Cellulose Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 High temperature Image analysis Water vapor transmission rate of paper and Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible paperboard at high temperature and humidity, T 464 dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image analysis, T 563

Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Interlaboratory evaluation method, T 277 Test methods used with paper and paper products, T Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper 1200 and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Internal bond Immersion see also Bond strength see Submersion Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 Impact Internal fiber bond strength Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 see Bond strength Impact tests Internal tear Drop test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 802 see Tear strength Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800 Iodine Impurities Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T Acid-insoluble ash in wood, pulp, paper, and 610 paperboard, T 244 Ion chromatography Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion instrument), T 274 chromatography, T 699 Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Ion exchange method, T 277 Carboxyl content of pulp, T 237 Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Iron 278 Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434 Silicates and silica in pulp (wet ash method), T 245 Analysis of caustic soda, T 613 Inclined planes Analysis of limestone, T 618 Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Analysis of salt cake, T 619 packaging and packaging materials (including Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602 fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Indicators spectroscopy, T 266 Preparation of, T 610 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Industrial process water of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 see Process water Iron oxide Ink Analysis of limestone, T 618 Blotting paper absorption of, T 431 ISO Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462 see Units of measurement Determination of effective residual ink ISO brightness concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance see Diffuse reflection measurement, T 567 Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type method), T 530 ______J______Titanium dioxide content in, T 627 Ink absorption No listings Ink absorbency of blotting paper, T 431 Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type ______K______method), T 530 Ink absorptivity Kantrowitz-Simmons stain see Absorptivity see Fiber analysis, Staining Ink resistance Kaolin see Printability Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Ink rub resistance slurries, T 697 Containerboard, T 830 Kaolin clay dispersion Inorganic color pigments see Clay see Pigments Kappa number Insoluble matter Kappa number of pulp, T 236 see Solubility Kenaf Instrument characteristics Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing 259 reference materials, T 1211 Kinetic friction Interfiber bonding Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of see Fiber bonding uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the horizontal plane method, T 549

Kjeldahl procedure Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437 see Nitrogen Light sources Klemm method Light sources for evaluating papers including those see Blotting papers containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212 Kraft liquor Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 Suspended solids in, T 692 Light-scattering coefficient Kraft pulping see Optical scattering Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Lignin Kraft pulps In wood and pulp, T 222 see Pulps Kappa number of pulp, T 236 Kubelka-Munk equation Lime Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Analysis of, T 617 paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Determination of effective residual ink Limestone concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Analysis of, T 618 measurement, T 567 Linearity Photometric linearity of optical properties ______L______instruments, T 1217 Liner separation L, a, b color values see Separation see Color Linerboards Laboratories Bursting strength, T 807 Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing Determining construction (nominal basis weight) of reference materials, T 1211 corrugated board, T 844 Laboratory beating Roughness of paper and paperboard, stylus method Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T (Emveco-type), T 575 248 Liquors Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion T 200 chromatography, T 699 Laboratory pulp processing Lofton-Merritt stain see Laboratory beating see Fiber analysis, Staining Laboratory refining Logs Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T see also Wood 248 Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), 258 T 200 Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257 Lactates Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion Lorentzen & Wettre-type tester chromatography, T 699 see Stiffness Lap joints Loss on heating see also Joints see Weight Latency Loss on ignition Preparation of mechanical pulps for testing, T 262 Analysis of talc, T 665 Length Fiber glass mats, T 1013 Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 Limestone, T 618 Liebermann-Storch test Lot acceptance see Rosin see Acceptability Life tests Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Rheological measurements for characterization of paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T polyolefins: low-density polyethylene (LDPE) for 572 extrusion coating, T 702 Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Luminosity writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 573 Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 Lift strength Luminous factor see Surface strength see Reflectance Light Luminous reflectance Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 luminous reflectance factor, T 1216

______M______Metals see specific metal, e.g., Iron, etc. Machine direction Methyl orange Grammage variation measurement (gravimetric see Indicators, preparation of method), T 546 Methyl red Of paper and paperboard, T 409 see Indicators, preparation of Machine operation Metric system Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 see Units of measurement Machine tenders Microbiological examination Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 see Microbiology Magnesia Microbiology see Magnesium oxide Bacteriological examination of paper and Magnesium paperboard, T 449 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Microbiological enumeration of process water and Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis slush pulp, T 631 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Micrometer Magnesium oxide (magnesia) Thickness of paper and paperboard, T 411 Analysis of limestone, T 618 Microorganism control Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Bacteriological examination of paper and Analysis of talc, T 665 paperboard, T 449 Magnesium silicate Microbiological enumeration of process water and Analysis of talc, T 665 slush pulp, T 631 Manganese Microscopy In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 spectroscopy, T 266 Identification of wood and fibers from conifers, T Manila hemp 263 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis 259 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Mannan Mineral acids Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood see Inorganic acids and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T Mineral coating 249 see Coatings Mass per unit area Mineral components see Grammage see Minerals Mass transfer Mineral constituents Static creasing of paper for water vapor see Ash content transmission tests, T 465 Mineral fillers Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at see Fillers standard temperature and humidity, T 448 Mineral oil Mats see Oil absorbency see Fiber glass mats Mineral pigments Measurement see Pigments Units of, T 1210 Mineral salts Measuring instruments see Ash content Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing Minerals reference materials, T 1211 Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments Mechanical properties (45/0), T 646 see specific property, e.g., Burst strength Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 Mechanical pulps diffuse), T 534 Preparation of for testing, T 262 Determination of titanium dioxide, T 627 Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis 278 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T Mixed waste papers 275 Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Melamine-formaldehyde resins method, T 277 see Polymelamines MIT folding testers Melamine resins Folding endurance of paper (MIT tester), T 511 see Polymelamines

Modulus of elasticity Nitrogen see Elastic strength Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Modulus of rupture Nitrogen compounds see Rupture modulus Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Moist heat Nitrogen oxides see Heat Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Moisture paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T see also Moisture content 572 Sampling and testing wood pulp shipments for Nomenclature moisture, T 210 Optical measurement terminology (related to Moisture content appearance evaluation of paper), T 1500 Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Nonbibulous paperboard Equilibrium moisture in pulp, paper and paper see Sized papers board for chemical analysis, T 550 Nonbibulous papers Fiber glass mats, T 1012 see Sized paper/paperboard Moisture in pulp, paper and paperboard, T 412 Nonvolatile matter Preparation of wood for chemical analysis, T 264 see Volatility Pulpwood, T 258 Nonwood fibers Salt cake, T 619 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Sampling and testing wood pulp shipments for 259 moisture, T 210 Nonwood plants Moisture sensitivity Species identification of, T 259 Fiber glass mats, T 1014 Nonwovens Monosaccharides see also Insulating boards Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Specimen preparation for cross directional internal and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related 249 materials, T 496 Morphological characteristics see Fiber analysis Morris method ______O______see Edge crush resistance Mullen Oat straw see Burst strength Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Multi-ply boards 259 see Corrugated boards OCR Multiwall bags Dirt count in paper and paperboard (optical Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of character recognition - OCR), T 537 packaging and packaging materials (including Odors shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Packaging materials, T 483 fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Oil Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 Oil absorption ______N______Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462 Oil penetration tests NIR (Near infrared reflectance) Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462 see Reflectance Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof Nail resistance papers, T 454 see Edge nail strength Oil resistance/repellance Napkin papers see Grease resistance Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and Okra facial products, T 580 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Natural dirt 259 Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 Opacity NCR stain Determination of effective residual ink see Fiber analysis, Staining concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Neckdown measurement, T 567 see Edge crush resistance Diffuse opacity of paper, T 519 Neutral sulfite pulps see Pulps

Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R; fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, Creasing of flexible packaging material paper k, T 1214 specimens for testing, T 512 Measurement of paper, T 425 Paper Opaque pigments see also specific properties, e.g., Grammage, see Pigments Thickness, etc. Optical character recognition Accelerated light aging of printing and writing see OCR paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Optical instruments Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Photometric linearity of optical properties paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T instruments, T 1217 572 The determination of instrumental color differences, Accelerated temperature aging of printing and T 1215 writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T Optical measurement 573 Fiber length of pulp and paper by automated optical Acceptance sampling, T 400 analyzer, T 271 Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434 Optical measurement terminology (related to Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 appearance evaluation of paper), T 1500 Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Storage of paper samples for optical measurements method), T 547 and color matching, T 1219 Alkalinity as calcium carbonate (alkaline reserve), T The determination of instrumental color differences, 553 T 1215 Alpha-cellulose content, T 429 Optical microscopy Ash content, acid-insoluble, T 244 see Microscopy Ash content, combustion at 525oC, T 211 Optical properties Ash content, combustion at 900oC, T 413 Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Bacteria count, T 449 paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T Photometric linearity of optical properties 543 instruments, T 1217 Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing single-point bending methods, T 556 paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and 572 paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic Organic matter configuration), T 489 Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type Oven-dry density tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration), see Density T 566 Oven-dry volume Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, see Volume T 526 Oven-dry weight Brightness, T 452, T 525, T 579 see Weight Bulking number, T 500 Oxalate Bursting strength, T 403 Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the horizontal plane method, T 549 ______P______Color, T 527 Color matching, T 515 Packaging materials Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Colorimetry, T 515 packaging and packaging materials (including Copper number, T 430 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Creasing of flexible packaging material paper fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 specimens for testing, T 512 Creasing of flexible packaging material paper Curl, T 520 specimens for testing, T 512 Determination of effective residual ink Grease resistance of, T 507 concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Odor of, T 483 measurement, T 567 Packaging paper Diffuse opacity, T 519 Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Dirt content, T 437 packaging and packaging materials (including Dirt count, T 537 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Dry heat aging affects, T 453

Element analysis by atomic absorption, T 266 Surface strength, T 459 Equilibrium moisture content, T 550 Surface wettability, T 458, T 558 Equilibrium relative humidity, T 502 Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using analysis, T 563 constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Fiber analysis, T 401 Thickness, T 411, T 551 Fiber length, T 271 Titanium dioxide, T 627 Flame resistance, T 461 Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof Folding endurance, T 511 papers, T 454 Folding endurance of paper (Schopper type tester), Visual grading, T 515 T 423 Water absorbency, T 432 Glue content, T 504 Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper, Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T T 441 507 Water resistance, T 433 Hot water extractable acidity or alkalinity, T 428 Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (cold standard temperature and humidity, T 448 extraction method), T 509 Water-soluble chlorides in, T 256 Hydrogen ion concentration of paper extracts (hot Water-soluble sulfates in, T 255 extraction method), T 435 Wettability, T 458 Identification and determination of melamine resin Wire side, identification of, T 455 in paper, T 493 Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span Ink absorbency, T 431 tensile), T 231 Internal tearing resistance of paper (Elmendorf-type Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 method), T 414 Paper coating clays Light sources for evaluating papers including those see Clay containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212 Paper properties Liquid penetration resistance, T 530 Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 Machine direction determination, T 409 Effect of dry heat on, T 453 Moisture content, T 412, T 550 Paper machines Nitrogen content, T 418 Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 Oil penetration, T 462 Paper mills Opacity, T 425 Design engineer decisions tree: paper mill boiler pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts feedwater, 0416-04 of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp Pick resistance, T 459 and paper mills, 0402-37 Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper Paper sheets and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis standard temperature and humidity, T 448 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Paper shipping sacks Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 see Shipping sack papers Rosin content, T 408 Paperboard Roughness, T 555 see also Corrugated board, Fiberboard; see also Roughness, stylus method (Emveco-type), T 575 specific properties, e.g., Abrasion resistance, Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444 Brightness, etc. Smoothness (Bekk method), T 479 Acid-insoluble ash in, T 244 Specimen preparation for cross directional internal Acid-soluble iron in paper, T 434 tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related Aging of paper and board with moist heat, T 544 materials, T 496 Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Specular gloss, T 480 method), T 547 Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 20 Ash content, T 211, T 413 degrees, T 653 Bacteria content, T 449 Standard conditioning/testing atmospheres for, T Bending number of paperboard, T495 402 Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and Starch in paper, T 419 paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic Static creasing of paper for water vapor configuration), T 489 transmission tests, T 465 Bending resistance of paper (Gurley-type tester), T Surface pH, T 529 543

Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by Water absorptiveness of sized (non-bibulous) paper, single-point bending methods T 556 paperboard, and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, T 441 T 526 Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 Brightness, T 452, T 525, T 579 Water vapor transmission rate of paper and Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of paperboard at 23C and 50% RH, T 448 packaging and packaging materials (including Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid tensile), T 231 fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Papermaking fibers Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 see Fibers Colorimetry, T 527 Papers, impregnated Copper number, T 430 see Impregnated papers Dirt, T 437, T 537 Parchment papers Dry heat, effect of, T 453 Grease resistance of flexible packaging materials, T Equilibrium moisture in pulp, paper and paperboard 507 for chemical analysis, T 550 Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof Equilibrium relative humidity, T 502 papers, T 454 Equivalent black area (EBA) and count of visible Paste size dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image see Rosin size analysis, T 563 Pastes Fiber analysis of, T 401 see Pigments Flame resistance, T 461 Penetration Gloss, T 653 Castor-oil test for paper, T 462 Grease resistance test for paper and paperboard, T Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type 559 method), T 530 Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction Pentosans tensile), T 541 Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223 Machine direction, T 409 Permeability Moisture content, T 412 see also Air permeability Organic nitrogen, T 418 Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts normal temperature, T 448 of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 Permeance Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper see Permeability and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Permanence Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Ring crush, T 818, T 822 paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Rosin, T 408 572 Roughness, T 555 Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Roughness, stylus method (Emveco-type), T 575 writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T Sampling and accepting a single lot of, T 400 573 Score bend test, T 577 Personnel Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444 Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type Petroleum wax method), T 530 see Paraffin wax Specimen preparation for cross directional internal PFI mills tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T materials, T 496 248 Specular gloss of paper and paperboard at 75°, T pH 480 Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for, (cold extraction method), T 509 T 402 Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of paper extracts Stiffness, T 836 (hot extraction method), T 435 Surface strength of paper (wax pick test), T 459 pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts Surface wettability, T 458, T 558 of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper Surface pH measurement of paper, T 529 and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 Phenol red Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using see Indicators, preparation of constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Phenolphthalein Thickness, T 411, T 551 see Indicators, preparation of

Photochemistry Polychromatic illumination Accelerated light aging of printing and writing see Spectral reflectance paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Polyethylene adhesion Photometers see Adhesion, Polyethylene Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 Polymelamines Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Identification and determination of melamine resin Photometry in paper, T 493 Photometric linearity of optical properties Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 instruments, T 1217 Polyolefin film Physical properties see Films Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Polysulfides paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green 572 liquors, T 624 Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T Polythionates 573 Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Physical tests Polyureas Physical testing of pulp handsheets, T 220 Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and Phytosterols of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600 Determination of in wood and pulp, T 204 Organic nitrogen in paper and paperboard, T 418 Pick resistance Porosity Surface strength of paper, T 459 Air permeance of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Picking method), T 547 Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 Air resistance of paper (Gurley method), T 460 Pigments Castor-oil penetration test for paper, T 462 see also Fillers Resistance of paper to passage of air (high-pressure Ash in wood, pulp, paper and paperboard: Gurley method), T 536 combustion at 900°C, T 413 Porous substrates Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments see Substrates (45/0), T 646 Potassium dichromate Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T diffuse), T 534 610 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Potassium hydroxide of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T Sampling, T 657 610 Titanium dioxide in, T 627 Potassium permanganate Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T Pin adhesion tests 610 Corrugated board by selective separation, T 821 Potassium thiocyanate Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T separation, T 845 610 Pitch Potassium titanate Wood pulp, T 204 see Pigments Plant fibers Precision Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods to 259 determine, T 1200 Plastics Preconditioning Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T see Conditioning 278 Preparation Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T see Sample preparation 275 Preparation of solutions Ply separation see Standard solutions Solid and corrugated fiberboard, T 812 Preservation of paper Polarography see Permanence Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Print quality Polarized light see Printability Fiber length of pulp and paper by automated optical Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield analyzer using polarized light, T 271 method), T 538

Printability Element analysis by atomic absorption, T 266 Roughness of paper and paperboard (Print-Surf Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible method), T 555 dirt in pulp, T 213 Roughness of paper and paperboard, stylus method Fiber coarseness, T 234 (Emveco-type), T 575 Fiber length (automated optical analyzer), T 271 Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact Fiber length (classification), T 233 method), T 458 Fiber length (projection), T 232 Printing Freeness, T 227 Blister resistance of coated paper in heatset printing, Kappa number of pulp, T 236 T 526 Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted 248 materials using an automated contact angle tester, Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), T 558 T 200 Printing ink Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type see Ink instrument), T 274 Printing opacity Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” see Opacity method, T 277 Printing paper Microbiological enumeration, T 631 see also Paper Moisture content, T 210, T 412, T 550 Blister resistance of coated, T 526 Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223 Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of pH and electrical conductivity of hot water extracts uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the of pulp, paper, and paperboard, T 252 horizontal plane method, T 549 Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper Print-Surf method and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 see Smoothness Physical testing of pulp handsheets, T 220 Probability sampling plan Physical tests, T 262 see Sampling Reflectance, T 218, T 272 Process water Silicate/silica content, T 245 Microbiological enumeration of, T 631 Sodium hydroxide (1%) solubility, T 212 Processing of pulp Solvent extractives determination, T 204 see Laboratory beating Specific external surface, T 226 Profile Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 Cross-machine grammage profile measurement Viscosity, T 230, T 254 (gravimetric method), T 545 Water solubility, T 207 Machine direction grammage variation Water soluble chlorides in, T 256 measurement (gravimetric method), T 546 Water soluble sulfates in, T 255 Projection Zero-span breaking strength, T 231 Fiber length of pulp, T 232 Pulp bales Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact see Baled pulp method), T 458 Pulp dispersion apparatus Propionate see Pulp Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion Pulp fibers chromatography, T 699 see Fibers Pulp Pulp handsheets Acid-insoluble ash content, T 244 see Handsheets Acid-insoluble lignin content, T 222 Pulp properties Alkali solubility at 25C, T 235 Forming handsheets for physical tests of pulp, T Alpha-, beta-, gamma-cellulose fraction 205 determination, T 203 Pulp mills Ash content, T 211, T 413 Energy checklist, 0422-01 Brightness, T 452, T 525, T 579 Fluoropolymer properties and applications in pulp Carbohydrate composition, T 249 and paper mills, 0402-37 Carboxyl group content, T 237 Pulp quality Consistency concentration, T 240 see Pulp Copper number, T 430 Pulp slush stock Dirt in pulp, T 213 see Slush pulps Dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image Pulp suspensions analysis, T 563 see Pulp Drainage time, T 221

Pulp tests Reclaimed fibers Forming handsheets for physical tests of pulp, T Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” 205 method, T 277 Pulp yields Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T Compression wood identification in pulpwood, T 275 267 Recycling Pulping Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T 278 278 Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T Pulping liquors 275 see Liquors, or see specific liquor, e.g., White Reducible sulfur liquor, Black liquor, etc. Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Pulpwood Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444 see also Wood Reeds Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Pulpwood chips 259 see Chips Refining Pulpwood fibers see Laboratory beating see Fibers Reflectance Puncture resistance see also Brightness Container board, T 803 Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Puncture tests paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Puncture test of containerboard, T 803 Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments Purified calfskin gelatin (45/0), T 646 Glue in paper (qualitative and quantitative Brightness of pulp, paper, and paperboard determination), T 504 (directional reflectance at 457 nm), T 452 Calibration of reflectance standards for hemispherical geometry, T 1218 ______Q______Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 Qualitative analysis Determination of effective residual ink Starch in paper, T 419 concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance Quality control measurement, T 567 Sampling and accepting a single lot of paper, Diffuse opacity of paper (d/0 paper backing), T 519 paperboard, containerboard, or related product, T Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437 400 Forming handsheets for reflectance testing of pulp, Quantitative analysis T 218 Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and Starch in paper, T 419 luminous reflectance factor, T 1216 Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R; TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, ______R______k, T 1214 Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2, Radiation effects 89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 method), T 530 Ramie Testing of pulp handsheets for, T 272 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Reflectance factor 259 see Reflectance Raspail test Reflectometry see Rosin see Reflectance Rate of elongation Reflectivity see Tensile strength Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R; Reagents TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T k, T 1214 610 Relative humidity Ream weight see Humidity see Basis weight Remoistening adhesives Curl of flat gummed papers, T 520

Repeatability Rotating spindle viscometer Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods to see Viscosity determine, T 1200 Roughness Repellance see also Smoothness Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Reproducibility method), T 538 Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods to Stylus method (Emveco-type), T 575 determine, T 1200 Ruling quality Repulping see Printability Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Rupture work 278 Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using Resin constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 see also Wood resin, Rosin Rutile titanium dioxide Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and see Pigments of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600 Rye straw Identification and determination of melamine resin Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T in paper, T 493 259 Resistance Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration), ______S______T 566 Resistance to bending Salt cake Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and Analysis of, T 619 paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic Sample preparation configuration), T 489 Creasing of flexible packaging material paper Resistivity specimens for testing, T 512 see Conductivity Specimen preparation for cross directional internal Resonance length method tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related see Stiffness materials, T 496 Revolutions Wood for analysis, T 257 Laboratory beating of pulp (PFI mill method), T Wood for chemical analysis, T 264 248 Samples Revolving hexagonal drum Storage of paper samples for optical measurements see Impact tests and color matching, T 1219 Rheology Sampling Rheological measurements for characterization of Fillers and pigments, T 657 polyolefins: low-density polyethylene (LDPE) for Pulp for moisture, T 210 extrusion coating, T 702 Sample location for fiber glass mat sheets, T 1007 Rice straw Single lot of paper and paperboard, T 400 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI 259 procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, Rigid support method stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 see Flat crush resistance Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 Rigidity White waters, T 656 see Stiffness Wood for analysis, T 257 Ring crush tests Sand Paperboard (flexible beam method), T 818 Analysis of rosin, T 621 Paperboard (rigid support method), T 822 Sanitary tissues Roese-Gottlieb method see Tissue papers see Casein, analysis of Saponification number Rolls (paperboard) Analysis of rosin, T 621 see Wound rolls Saturation Rosin Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper Analysis of, T 621 and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Sawdust In paper and paperboard, T 408 Sampling and preparing wood for analysis, T 257 Rosin size Scattering Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Determination of effective residual ink concentration (ERIC) by infrared reflectance

measurement, T 567 Sheet machines (laboratory) Interrelation of reflectance, R0; reflectivity, R; see Handsheet formers TAPPI opacity, C0.89; scattering, s; and absorption, Sheet materials k, T 1214 see Sheets Opacity of paper (15/d geometry, illuminant A/2, Sheets 89% reflectance backing and paper backing), T 425 Water vapor transmission rate of sheet materials at Scattering coefficient standard temperature and humidity, T 448 see Optical scattering Sheffield method Schopper-type tester see Smoothness, Air permeability see Folding endurance Sheffield smoothness Score bend efficiency Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Score bend test, T 577 method), T 538 Score-line rupture Shipping containers see Scores see also Containers Scores Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Score bend test, T 577 packaging and packaging materials (including Quality test, T 829 shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Scoring fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Bending number of paperboard, T495 Shives Scott bond Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type see Internal bond instrument), T 274 Screen residue Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T see Mesh residue 278 Screening Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type 275 instrument), T 274 Shock Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” Drum test for fiberboard shipping containers, T 800 method, T 277 Short column test Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T see Edge crush resistance 278 SI units Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T see Units of measurement 275 Sides Screens Identification of wire side of paper, T 455 Fiber length of pulp by classification, T 233 Silica Seal adhesion Acid-insoluble ash in pulp, T 244 see Sealants Analysis of limestone, T 618 Sealants Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T Analysis of sodium silicate, T 632 516 Analysis of talc, T 665 Seals In pulp (wet ash method), T 245 see Window envelopes Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Seams of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 see Window envelopes Silicate pigments Sedimentation method see Pigments see Particle size distribution Silicates Selleger's stain Acid-insoluble ash in pulp, T 244 see Fiber analysis, Staining In pulp (wet ash method), T 245 Sensitivity Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Moisture sensitivity of fiber glass mats, T 1014 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Separation Silicon dioxide Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type see Silica instrument), T 274 Silver nitrate Of liner from medium (pin adhesion test), T 821 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T 610 275 Silver tarnish tests Wet pin adhesion of corrugated board by selective Silver tarnishing by paper and paperboard, T 444 separation, T 845 Silvering method Sheet formation see Specific surface see Formation

Sisal Sodium bicarbonate Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Analysis of salt cake, T 619 259 Sodium chloride Size Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Grease resistance for paper and paperboard, T 559 Sodium hydrosulfite Size emulsion Analysis of sodium hydrosulfite, T 622 see Rosin size Sodium hydroxide Sized papers Analysis of caustic soda, T 613 Size test for paper by ink resistance (Hercules-type One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood method), T 530 and pulp, T 212 Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T method), T 458 610 Water absorptiveness of (Cobb test), T 441 Use of in determining alkali solubility of pulp, T Water resistance of, T 433 235 Sizing Sodium oxide Degree of in paper by ink resistance, T 530 Analysis of salt cake, T 619 Water absorption of corrugating medium, T 831 Analysis of sodium silicate, T 632 Water absorptiveness of sized paper, paperboard, Sodium silicate and corrugated fiberboard (Cobb test), T 441 Analysis of, T 632 Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 Sodium sulfate Water resistance of size paper and paperboard (dry Analysis of salt cake, T 619 indicator method), T 433 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Slide angle Sodium sulfide Coefficient of static friction (slide angle) of Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 packaging and packaging materials (including Sodium sulfite shipping sack papers, corrugated and solid Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 fiberboard) (inclined plane method), T 815 Sodium thiosulfate Slide resistance Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T see Friction, Slide angle 610 Slowness of pulp/stock Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 see Freeness Softwoods Slurry Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Wood/fiber identification method for, T 263 slurries, T 697 Solid fiberboard Viscosity of coating clay slurry, T 648 see Fiberboard Slush pulps Solids content Microbiological enumeration of process water and Analysis of rosin size, T 628 slush pulp, T 631 Black liquor, T 650 Smelt Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T Analysis of pulping liquors by suppressed ion 656 chromatography, T 699 Suspended solids in kraft green and black liquor, T Smoothness 692 Paper (Bekk method), T 479 Solubility Paper and paperboard (Print-Surf method), T 555 Alkali solubility of pulp at 25C, T 235 Roughness of paper and paperboard, stylus method Analysis of limestone, T 618 (Emveco-type), T 575 Analysis of rosin, T 621 Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of wood method), T 538 and pulp, T 212 Soda ash Soluble material see Sodium carbonate see Solubility Soda pulping Solutions Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solutions and Soda pulps of free formaldehyde in resins, T 600 see Pulps Solvent extractives Sodium see Solvents Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Solvents In pulp and paper by atomic absorption Extractives of wood and pulp, T 204 spectroscopy, T 266

Soxhlet apparatus Starch see Extraction, Rosin Starch in paper, T 419 Species identification Viscosity of, T 676 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207 259 Starch indicator Specific gravity see Indicators, preparation of see Density Static creasing Specific handling stiffness see Creasing see Stiffness Static friction Specific surface see Friction Of pulp, T 226 Static tests Specific volume Static creasing of paper for water vapor see Bulk transmission tests, T 465 Spectrometers Stickies Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Laboratory screening of pulp (MasterScreen-type Color of paper and paperboard (d/0, C/2), T 527 instrument), T 274 Spectrophotometry Macro stickies content in pulp: the “pick-up” see Spectroscopy method, T 277 Spectroscopy Pulp screening (Valley-type screening device), T Determination of sodium, calcium, copper, iron, and 278 manganese in pulp and paper by atomic absorption Screening of pulp (Somerville-type equipment), T spectroscopy, T 266 275 Identification and determination of melamine resin Stiffness in paper, T 493 Bending resistance of paper and paperboard by Specular gloss single-point bending methods, T 556 see Gloss Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper (Taber-type Splitting tester in 0 to 10 Taber stiffness unit configuration), see Ply separation T 566 Spore-cloud method Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and see Fungi paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic Spore-mycelial method configuration), T 489 see Fungi Corrugated board stiffness, four point method, T Stability 836 see also Permanence Flexural stiffness of corrugated board, T 820 Accelerated light aging of printing and writing Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, 573 stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Stokes' Law slurries, T 697 see Particle size distribution Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Storage paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Storage of paper samples for optical measurements 572 and color matching, T 1219 Effect of dry heat on properties of paper, T 453 Straw Staining Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T 516 259 Fiber analysis of paper and paperboard, T 401 Strength tests Standard practice see Bond strength, Burst strength, Compression Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing tests, Tear strength,Tensile strength, Impact tests reference materials, T 1211 Accelerated pollutant aging of printing and writing Standard solutions paper by pollution chamber exposure apparatus, T Preparation of, T 610 572 Standards Accelerated temperature aging of printing and Acceptance procedures for laboratories providing writing paper by dry oven exposure apparatus, T reference materials, T 1211 573 Calibration of reflectance standards for Stretch hemispherical geometry, T 1218 Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using

constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Sulfuric acid Tensile strength and elongation at break for fiber Analysis of, T 602 glass mats, T 1009 Preparation of indicators and standard solutions, T Strip method 610 see Baled pulp Sunn hemp Stripping strength Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T see Peel strength 259 Structural fiber insulating board Surface area see Insulating board see Specific surface Sub-visible contraries Surface pH Physical area of sub-visible contraries in pulp, paper see pH and paperboard by image analysis, T 568 Surface roughness Submersion Roughness of paper and paperboard (Sheffield Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 method), T 538 Substance Surface strength see Basis weight Abrasion loss of paper and paperboard (Taber-type Sugar cane method), T 476 Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T Of paper (wax pick test), T 459 259 Surface wettability Sugars see Wettability Water solubility of wood and pulp, T 207 Surfaces Sulfate liquors Dirt in paper and paperboard, T 437 see Kraft liquors Suspect test determinations Sulfate soap see Test determinations see Tall oil soap Suspended solids Sulfated ash Determination of in kraft green and white liquor, T see Ash content 692 Sulfates Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, Analysis of caustic soda, T 613 T 656 Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 Suspensions (pulp) Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis see Dispersions of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Sutherland test Water-soluble sulfates in pulp and paper, T 255 see Ink rub resistance Sulfide Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 ______T______Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Taber stiffness Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 Bending resistance (stiffness) of paper and Sulfide-free reducing compounds paperboard (Taber-type tester in basic Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green configuration), T 489 liquors, T 624 Talc Sulfite Analysis of, T 665 Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Tall oil rosin of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 see Rosin Sulfite liquors Tear factor Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 see Tear strength Sulfite pulps Tear strength Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 Internal tearing resistance of paper (Elmendorf-type Sulfur method), T 414 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, Sulfur dioxide stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602 Tearing resistance Sulfur dioxide in sulfite cooking liquor, T 604 See also Tear strength Sulfur trioxide Specimen preparation for cross directional internal Analysis of salt cake, T 619 tearing resistance for paper, paperboard and related materials, T 496

Temperature control Envelope seal, seam, and window patch testing, T Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for 516 paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products, Paper and paperboard (soft platen method), T 551 T 402 Paper, paperboard, and combined board, T 411 Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T Testing of fiber glass mats: use of modified TAPPI 1008 procedures for sampling and lot acceptance, Tensile breaking strength stiffness, tear resistance, and thickness, T 1006 see also Tensile strength Towel, tissue, napkin and facial products, T 580 Tensile energy absorption (TEA) Thiosulfate Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 Determination of in pulping liquor, T 699 Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using Reducible sulfur in paper and paperboard, T 406 constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Thymol blue Tensile index see Indicators, preparation of see Tensile strength Tinting Tensile properties CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard Internal tearing resistance of paper (Elmendorf-type (45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562 method), T 414 CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0 Tensile strength geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560 Elongation at break for fiber glass mats, T 1009 Tissue papers Internal bond strength of paperboard (z-direction see also Absorptivity, Paper products tensile), T 541 Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using facial products, T 580 constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432 Tensile stress Tissues Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 see Absorptivity, Paper products, Tissue papers Tensile tests Titanium Tensile properties of paper and paperboard (using Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis constant rate of elongation apparatus), T 494 of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 Terminology Titanium dioxide Optical measurement terminology (related to see also Fillers, Pigments appearance evaluation of paper), T 1500 Determination of, T 627 Test conditions Titratable alkali Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for Analysis of bleaching powder, calcium hypochlorite paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products, bleach liquor, and bleach sludge, T 611 T 402 Toluene Test facilities Analysis of rosin, T 621 Standard conditioning and testing atmospheres for Total alkali paper, board, pulp handsheets, and related products, Caustic soda, T 613 T 402 Analysis of soda and sulfate black liquor, T 625 Test sheets Total alkalinity see Handsheets see Total alkali Test methods Total reducing compounds Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations, Analysis of soda and sulfate white and green T 1205 liquors, T 624 Testing Total solids Compression wood identification in pulping, T 267 see Solids content Dealing with suspect (outlying) test determinations, Total suspended solids T 1205 see Suspended solids Interlaboratory evaluation of test methods used with Toweling paper and paper products, T 1200 see Absorptivity Test conditions for fiber glass mat test methods, T Toweling papers 1008 Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper Testing atmospheres and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 see Atmospheres, Test conditions Thickness (caliper) of towel, tissue, napkin and Thickness facial products, T 580 Book bulk and bulking number of paper, T 500 Water absorbency of bibulous papers, T 432

Training Viscosity stability Training standard for paper machine tender, T 1501 see Viscosity Transmission rate Viscosity-velocity product see Water vapor transmission rate see Printing Treated paper and paperboard Vision see Flameproof papers, Fungi Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015 Tristimulus values Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 Color of paper and paperboard, T 527 Visual defects Color of paper and paperboard (45/0, C/2), T 524 Fiber glass mat uniformity, T 1015 Tub-sized starch Visual efficiency see Starch Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and Turpentine tests luminous reflectance factor, T 1216 see Grease resistance, Oil penetration tests Visual grading Visual grading and color matching of paper, T 515 Voids ______U______Turpentine test for voids in glassine and greaseproof papers, T 454 Ultraviolet radiation Volatile suspended solids Light sources for evaluating papers including those see Suspended solids containing fluorescent whitening agents, T 1212 Volatiles content Ultraviolet spectroscopy Analysis of rosin size, T 628 Hexeneuronic acid content of chemical pulp, T 282 Volatility Ultraviolet-containing daylight illuminant Solvent extractives in wood and pulp, T 204 see Illumination Analysis of sulfuric acid, T 602 Uniformity Volume Fiber glass mat uniformity (visual defects), T 1015 Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T Units of measurement 258 Measurement and conversion factors, T 1210 Measuring, sampling, and analyzing white waters, T Unsaponifiable materials 656 see Saponification number Weight-volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 Urea-formaldehyde resins Volumetric reagent solutions see Polyureas see Standard solutions Useful fiber Volumetry see Fiber Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438

______W______V______Washer Valley beater Open drum washer mat sampling technique, T 281 Laboratory beating of pulp (Valley beater method), Water absorbency/absorption/absorptivity T 200 see Absorptivity Variation Water absorption Cross-machine grammage profile measurement, T Water absorption of corrugating medium: float curl 545 method, T 832 Machine direction grammage variation Water absorption of corrugating medium: water measurement (gravimetric method), T 546 drop absorption test, T 835 Vegetable parchment Water absorption of corrugating medium: water see Parchment papers drop penetration test, T 831 Viewing device Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 see Compression wood Water content Viscosity see Moisture content Accelerated test for viscosity stability of clay Water drop tests slurries, T 697 Water absorption of corrugating medium Coating clay slurry, T 648 (absorption test), T 835 Cupriethylenediamine disperse viscosity of pulp Water absorption of corrugating medium (falling ball method), T 254 (penetration test), T 831 Pulp (capillary viscometer method), T 230 Water immersion Sodium silicate, T 632 see Submersion Starch and starch products, T 676

Water immersion tests Wet ply separation see Water resistance see Ply separation Water resistance Wet screening Sized paper and paperboard, T 433 see also Screening Water immersion number of paperboard, T 491 Fines fraction by weight of paper stock by wet Water saturation screening, T 261 see Saturation Wet strength Water solubility Tensile breaking strength of water-saturated paper see Water solubles and paperboard (“wet tensile strength”), T 456 Water solubles Wet tensile breaking strength Chloride in pulp and paper, T 256 see Tensile strength In pulp and paper, T 255 Wettability Wood and pulp, T 207 Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact Water vapor permeability method), T 458 Static creasing of paper for water vapor Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted transmission tests, T 465 materials using an automated contact angle tester, Water vapor transfer rate T 558 see Water vapor transmission rate Wetting Water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) Surface wettability and absorbency of sheeted Sheet materials at normal temperature, T 448 materials using an automated contact angle tester, Water vapor transmission rate of paper and T 558 paperboard at high temperature and humidity, T 464 Wetting resistance Water-soluble acidity see Wettability see Acidity Wheat straw Water-soluble alkalinity Species identification of nonwood plant fibers, T see Alkalinity 259 Wax White liquors Determination in wood and pulp, T 204 Analysis of by suppressed ion chromatography, T Wax pick tests 699 Surface strength of paper, T 459 Suspended solids in, T 692 Wax strength number White waters see Wax pick tests Determination of titanium dioxide, T 627 Wedge method Measuring, sampling, and analyzing, T 656 see Baled pulp Whiteness Weight Brightness of clay and other mineral pigments (d/0 Basic density and moisture content of pulpwood, T diffuse), T 534 258 CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard Weight/volume measurement of pulpwood, T 268 (45/0 geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 562 Weight fraction fines CIE whiteness and tint of paper and paperboard (d/0 Fines fraction by weight of paper stock by wet geometry, C/2 illuminant/observer), T 560 screening, T 261 Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and Weight percent fines luminous reflectance factor, T 1216 Fines fraction by weight of paper stock by wet Wilson's stain screening, T 261 see Fiber analysis, Staining Weight/area measurement Window envelopes see Grammage Seal, seam, and window patch testing in, T 516 Weight/volume measurement Wire side see Volume, Weight Identification of in paper, T 455 Weighted average fiber length Wood see Fiber length Acid-insoluble ash in, T 244 Wet abrasion test Acid-soluble lignin in, T 222 see Abrasion Alcohol-benzene and dichloromethane solubles in, Wet ash method T 204 Silica and silicates in pulp, T 245 Ash determination, T 211, T 413 Wet curl Basic density and moisture content of, T 258 see Curl Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood Wet density and wood pulp by gas-liquid chromatography, T see Density 249

Compression wood identification in pulpwood, T Young's modulus 267 see Elastic strength Identification of from conifers, T 263 Natural dirt in wood chips, T 265 ______Z______One percent sodium hydroxide solubility of, T 212 Pentosans in wood and pulp, T 223 Z-direction Preparation of for chemical analysis, T 264 Internal bond strength (Scott type), T 569 Sampling and preparing for analysis, T 257 Z-directional tensile strength Water solubility of, T 207 see Tensile strength Wood chips Zero-span breaking strength see Chips see Tensile strength Wood extractives Zero-span tensile strength see Extractives see also Tensile strength Wood fibers Zero-span breaking strength of pulp (dry zero-span see Fibers tensile), T 231 Wood flour Zinc Specific external surface of pulp, T 226 Qualitative (including optical microscopic) analysis Wood pulp of mineral filler and mineral coating of paper, T 421 see Pulp Zinc and cadmium in paper, T 438 Wood resins Zinc oxide Solvent extractives in wood and pulp, T 204 see Pigments Wound rolls Zinc sulfide Paperboard roll hardness, T 834 see Pigments Writing paper Coefficients of static and kinetic friction of uncoated writing and printing paper by use of the horizontal plane method, T 549 Surface wettability of paper (angle of contact method), T 458 Writing quality see Feathering WVTR see Water vapor transmission rate

______X______

Xenon lamps Accelerated light aging of printing and writing paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 X-ray diffraction Analysis of talc, T 665 Xylan Carbohydrate composition of extractive-free wood and wood pulp chromatography, T 249

______Y______Y reflectance Equivalent Black Area (EBA) and count of visible dirt in pulp, paper and paperboard by image analysis, T 563 Yellowness coefficient Accelerated light aging of printing and writing paper by xenon-arc exposure apparatus, T 578 Indices for whiteness, yellowness, brightness, and luminous reflectance factor, T 1216