Oleochemical and Rosin Product Guide OLEOCHEMICAL and ROSIN PRODUCT GUIDE
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The Miracle Resource Eco-Link
Since 1989 Eco-Link Linking Social, Economic, and Ecological Issues The Miracle Resource Volume 14, Number 1 In the children’s book “The Giving Tree” by Shel Silverstein the main character is shown to beneÞ t in several ways from the generosity of one tree. The tree is a source of recreation, commodities, and solace. In this parable of giving, one is impressed by the wealth that a simple tree has to offer people: shade, food, lumber, comfort. And if we look beyond the wealth of a single tree to the benefits that we derive from entire forests one cannot help but be impressed by the bounty unmatched by any other natural resource in the world. That’s why trees are called the miracle resource. The forest is a factory where trees manufacture wood using energy from the sun, water and nutrients from the soil, and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In healthy growing forests, trees produce pure oxygen for us to breathe. Forests also provide clean air and water, wildlife habitat, and recreation opportunities to renew our spirits. Forests, trees, and wood have always been essential to civilization. In ancient Mesopotamia (now Iraq), the value of wood was equal to that of precious gems, stones, and metals. In Mycenaean Greece, wood was used to feed the great bronze furnaces that forged Greek culture. Rome’s monetary system was based on silver which required huge quantities of wood to convert ore into metal. For thousands of years, wood has been used for weapons and ships of war. Nations rose and fell based on their use and misuse of the forest resource. -
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,755,550 Shuman Et Al
United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 4,755,550 Shuman et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 5, 1988 (54 READHERING AND REMOVABLE 56 References Cited ADHESIVE U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 4,644,026 2/1987 Shuman et al. .. ... 524/270 (75) Inventors: Ralph J. Shuman, Needham; Barbara 4,657,960 4/1987 Shuman et al. .. ... 524/270 Burns, Auburn, both of Mass. 4,684,685 8/1987 Shuman et al. ..................... 524/270 73) Assignee: Dennison Manufacturing Company, Primary Examiner-Ronald W. Griffin Framingham, Mass. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Barry D. Josephs 57 ABSTRACT *) Notice: The portion of the term of this patent Agelled solid adhesive for coating substrates, typically subsequent to Feb. 17, 2004 has been paper. The adhesive can be made available in stick form disclaimed. and is easily applied in even coats to any surface area of the substrate. The adhesive has sufficient tack enabling the coated substrate to instantly adhere to essentially (21) Appl. No.: 29,031 any free contact surface upon gently pressing the sub strate to the free surface. The adhesive coated substrate (22 Filed: Mar. 23, 1987 is easily removable from the contact surface by manu ally lifting it thereform. The adhesive permits readher ence of the adhesive coated substrate to the same or Related U.S. Application Data different free contact surfaces. An adhesive coated 63 Continuation of Ser. No. 900, 112, Aug. 25, 1986, Pat. paper substrate will readhere many times to free paper No. 4,684,685, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. contact surface. The preferred gelled adhesive product No. -
Extracts and Tinctures of Cannabis
WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence Critical Review …………….. Extracts and tinctures of cannabis This report contains the views of an international group of experts, and does not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policy of the World Health Organization © World Health Organization 2018 All rights reserved. This is an advance copy distributed to the participants of the 41st Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, before it has been formally published by the World Health Organization. The document may not be reviewed, abstracted, quoted, reproduced, transmitted, distributed, translated or adapted, in part or in whole, in any form or by any means without the permission of the World Health Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. The World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained in this publication is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. -
( 12 ) United States Patent
US009902815B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 ,902 , 815 B2 Tamminen et al. ( 45 ) Date of Patent: Feb . 27 , 2018 ( 54 ) FUNCTIONALIZED LIGNIN AND METHOD ( 58 ) Field of Classification Search OF PRODUCING THE SAME ??? . .. C07G 1 / 00 See application file for complete search history . @(71 ) Applicant : Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT , VTT (FI ) ( 56 ) References Cited U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS @(72 ) Inventors : Tarja Tamminen , Espoo (FI ) ; Jarmo Ropponen , Espoo (FI ) ; Eva - Lena Hult , 2 ,429 , 102 A 10 / 1947 Lewis et al. Espoo ( FI) ; Kristiina Poppius- Levlin , 3 , 149 , 085 A 9 / 1964 Ball et al . Espoo (FI ) 4 ,017 ,430 A * 4 / 1977 Briggs .. .. .. 530 / 502 5 ,773 , 590 A * 6 / 1998 Hart 530 / 500 6 ,172 ,204 B1 * 1 /2001 Sarkanen et al. 530 /500 @(73 ) Assignee : Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT Oy, 2010 /0105798 A1 * 4 /2010 Hasegawa . .. .. 522 / 99 Espoo (FI ) 2010 /0152428 A1* 6 / 2010 Gifford et al . .. .. .. 530 / 504 2010 / 0204368 A1 * 8 / 2010 Benko et al. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 524 / 73 ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2010 / 0331531 A1 * 12 / 2010 Mykytka .. .. 530 / 501 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 2011/ 0263836 A1 * 10 / 2011 Vuorenpalo et al. .. .. 530 / 500 U . S . C . 154 ( b ) by 33 days. 2012 /0012035 A1 * 1 / 2012 Blank et al. .. .. 106 / 802 ( 21) Appl. No. : 14 /348 , 904 OTHER PUBLICATIONS (22 ) PCT Filed : Oct. 8 , 2012 Holmbom ( Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society , 1977 , p . 289 - 293 ) . * Stenberg et al . (Surface Coatings International Part B : Coatings ( 86 ) PCT No. : PCT/ FI2012 /050965 Transactions , vol. 88 , B2 , 83 - 156 , 2005 ) . -
Rosin-Modified Phenolic Resin Compositions and Their Production
Europaisches Patentamt 0 041 838 ® ê European Patent Office ® Publication number: Office européen des brevets B1 EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION ® Date of publication of patent spécification: 05.02.86 © Intel.4: C 08 G 8/34, C 08 L 61/14, C 09 D 11/10 (§) Application number: 81302492.4 (S) Date offiling: 04.06.81 (54) Rosin-modified phenolic resin compositions and their production. (§) Priority: 05.06.80 JP 74920/80 (§) Proprietor: DAINIPPON INK AND CHEMICALS, 30.09.80 JP 135184/80 INC. 30.09.80 JP 135185/80 35-58, Sakashita 3-chome 30.09.80 JP 135186/80 Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174 (JP) (43) Dateof publication of application: (72) Inventor: Homma, Minoru 16.12.81 Bulletin 81/50 3-9-7 Kurosunadai Chiba-shi Chiba-ken (JP) Inventor: Kudo, Kin-ichi (§) Publication of the grant of the patent: c/o Mr. Muramatsu 2-21-8 Matsunami-cho 05.02.86 Bulletin 86/06 Chiba-shi Chiba-ken (JP) Inventor: Okoshi, Noboru 5-3-2-305 Masago (H) Designated Contracting States: Chiba-shi Chiba-ken (JP) DEFRGB Inventor: Shimoyama, Shoichi 3-6-14 Tsubakimori-cho Chiba-shi Chiba-ken (JP) (§) References cited.: . Inventor: Tashiro, Nansei DE-A-2 549 902 2848-100 Kubota 0Q DE-C- 831 323 Sodegaura-machi Kimitsu-gun Chiba-ken (JP) FR-A- 693 899 00 GB-A-486341 C0 @ Representative: Myerscough, Philip Boyd et al 00 J.A. Kemp & Co. 14, South Square Gray's Inn London, WC1R5EU (GB) The file contains technical information submitted after the application was filed and o not included in this specification o Note: Within nine monthsfrom the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. -
Letter Circular 1030: Polishes
July U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Letter 1958 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS Circular WASHINGTON 25, D.C. LC1030 POLISHES Contents 1 . Introduction . 9 9 • 2 . Precaution . 2 3. Furniture and automobile polish. 2 4. Metal polish .......... 3 5. Floor polish .......... 5 6 . Glass polish and cleaner . 6 7. Stove polish . 7 8 . Shoe polish. 7 9. Polishing cloth. 8 10 . Dust cloth, oiled. ....... 9 11 . Specifications ......... 9 12 . References ........... 0-9 9 11 lo Introduction In response to numerous requests from the public for in- formation on various polishes and waxes, the following data have been collected. Many” patents have been granted covering such preparations; abstracts of some will be found in Chemical Ab- stracts, published by the American Chemical Society and available in public libraries . The National Bureau of Standards has not developed standard or recommended formulas for manufacturing polishes o 2 0 Precaution Gasoline, turpentine, mineral spirits, and many other vola- tile organic solvents or"“pre para^ib^^bhB^jnj'ng t £K^T^5e~^sure^oTlve"^ooci ventil^tron, and to avoTdHniecTrTo'IsVa^ in the^rooms o r othe r ip ac e sT~' ‘ OTIy'imd^gri^ me diate ly^^er' 118'e^^orTep'Bi^^loied ' me ^taT^coniiainers^'^^nimal " " Bust! on.’ 3 o Furniture and Automobile Polish Furniture and automobile polishes are similar except that the automobile polish may contain an abrasive. Varnish, enamel, lacquer, baked enamel, and synthetic resin are the finishes that are generally encountered. They differ in hardness, fastness of colors, and resistance to solvents and abrasives. Furniture and automobile polishes should remove dirt and grease readily from the surfaces, restore their luster, have no objectionable odor, and yield a film that does not hold or attract dust. -
NATURAL SPIRIT VARNISH RESINS SHELLAC Production
CHAPTER 5 NATURAL SPIRIT VARNISH RESINS SHELLAC ALTHOUGH shellac is not used in the varnish trade in such large quantities as other natural and synthetic resins it has attracted a considerable amount of interest. Much research and development work has been done. Source.—Lac is the secretion of an insect, Laccifer lacca, which swarms on the twigs of special trees. A comprehensive list of host trees is given by Parry.1 The insects extract sap from the twigs but its constitution and the nature of the process involved for the production of lac are not com- pletely understood. Gibson 2 suggests that if the food for the lac insect could be produced synthetically, the insect could be cultivated under ideal conditions. The greater part of the world's shellac supply comes from India. Assam, Burma, Indo-China and Siam supply smaller quantities. Attempts have been made to produce lac in Abyssinia. Two crops of lac are produced yearly. Climatic influences seem to alter the properties of the lac produced. In the areas west of Calcutta lac has a yellow or orange colour ; in Assam it is pale red, and dark red in Siam.3 Other variations in properties may be due to the type of host tree, the time of the crop and the district, species of lac insect and method of cultivation. Shellac as used by the varnish trade may vary in properties for various reasons, including method of production and time of storage. Production Sticklac.—The incrusted twigs are scraped to remove the lac and this crude product is known as sticklac. -
A Review of Wood Biomass-Based Fatty Acidsand Rosin Acids Use In
polymers Review A Review of Wood Biomass-Based Fatty Acids and Rosin Acids Use in Polymeric Materials Laima Vevere *, Anda Fridrihsone , Mikelis Kirpluks and Ugis Cabulis Polymer Department, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes Str., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; [email protected] (A.F.); [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (U.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +371-28869638 Received: 26 October 2020; Accepted: 14 November 2020; Published: 16 November 2020 Abstract: In recent decades, vegetable oils as a potential replacement for petrochemical materials have been extensively studied. Tall oil (crude tall oil, distilled tall oil, tall oil fatty acids, and rosin acids) is a good source to be turned into polymeric materials. Unlike vegetable oils, tall oil is considered as lignocellulosic plant biomass waste and is considered to be the second-generation raw material, thus it is not competing with the food and feed chain. The main purpose of this review article is to identify in what kind of polymeric materials wood biomass-based fatty acids and rosin acids have been applied and their impact on the properties. Keywords: crude tall oil; tall oil; fatty acids; rosin acids; polymer materials 1. Introduction The success of plastics as a commodity has been significant and polymer materials are a part of everyday life. The advantages of polymers over other materials can be attributed to their adjustable properties, low cost and ease of processing. Worldwide, the manufacturing of polymers grows every year, reaching almost 360 million tonnes in 2018 [1]. In the light of environmental challenges of the 21st century, the development of novel low-cost and scalable monomers from renewable resources is essential. -
Tall Oil Production and Processing
TALL OIL PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING Tall oil is a mixture of mainly acidic compounds found, like turpentine, in pine trees and obtained as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry. It is used as a resin in many different industries, including mining, paper manufacture, paint manufacture and synthetic rubber manufacture. It is extracted at the pulp and paper mill, and undergoes the first two processing steps there. Step 1 - Extraction of tall oil soap The "black liquor" from the paper making process is concentrated and left to settle. The top layer is known as "tall oil soap", and is skimmed off. The rest is recycled for further use in paper making. Step2 - Production of crude tall oil The tall oil soap is reacted with acid to form crude tall oil. The following reaction occurs: + + R—COONa + H3O → R—COOH + H2O + Na The acids formed from this reaction, along with small quantities of other compounds of similar volatility, make up the crude tall oil. All crude tall oil produced in New Zealand is then sent to a plant in Mt. Maunganui to complete processing. Step 3 - Crude tall oil distillation The oil is distilled into five components with different boiling points: heads (which boils first), then fatty acids, distilled tall oil (a mixture of fatty and resin acids), resin acids (collectively known as rosin) and pitch (the residue). All of these can be used in various industries as is, but some of the rosin is also further processed on site. Step 4 - Production of rosin paper size "Paper size" is the substance that stops all paper from behaving like blotting paper. -
What's a Tree Done for You Lately?
What’s a Tree Done For You Lately? Some common products we get from trees and how they are made Scott Leavengood Director, Oregon Wood Innovation Center, Oregon State University This publication is on-line at http://owic.oregons tate.edu/teachers.php Introduction Products from trees are all around us. Some items are easy to recognize as products we get from trees - This publication will serve as valuable lumber, plywood, and paper, for example. Other background material for several activities in the items such as cellophane, a rayon scarf, and a Project Learning Tree (PLT) Pre K-8 chocolate bar, may not be as easy to recognize as a Environmental Education Activity Guide (1993, product from trees. American Forest Foundation, Washington, D.C.). In particular, the publication is well- This publication will help educators teach students suited to activities 12 and 13, Tree Treasures, about the variety of products we obtain from trees and We All Need Trees, respectively. and how the products are made. It serves as a reference for anyone who wants to know more Number 12 - Tree Treasures about products we obtain from trees. Objectives: 1) identify and categorize products derived from Products from trees may be categorized as: trees, 2) find out which forest products are recyclable • products from wood fiber - for example, paper or reusable, and products and purified cellulose products (rayon, 3) recommend actions for conserving forest cellophane, food additives, and resources. pharmaceuticals); Number 13 - We All Need Trees • products derived -
Tall Oil Soap Recovery TAPPI Kraft Recovery Short Course
Tall Oil Soap Recovery TAPPI Kraft Recovery Short Course C.D. Foran, Arizona Chemical Co., Savannah GA Slide 1 Tall oil soap is a mixture of the sodium salts of rosin acids, fatty acids and neutrals that separates from kraft black liquor. Composition of Crude Tall Oil Northern New Southern USA & Zealand & USA Canada Scandinavia Chile Acid Number 165 135 132 158 Resin Acids % 41 30 23 43 Fatty Acids % 51 55 57 40 Neutrals % 8 15 20 14 1 Slide 2 How Much Tall Oil Can Be Recovered ? Soap Recovery Tall Oil Tall Oil 52 26 51 25.5 kg/1000 kg lb/ ODT Region 50 25 OD Wood Wood 49 24.5 Piedmont 24 48 48 24 47 23.5 kg CTO/ODt Pine Wood Pine CTO/ODt kg Coastal 26 52 Lb. CTO/ODT Pine Wood46 23 45 22.5 Canada 11.5 23 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average Southwestern 31.5 63 Impact of Storage Time on West of 7.5 15 Tall Oil Loss 100% Cascades 80% 60% NZ & Chile 12 24 40% Tall Oil Loss Tall Finland 18.5 37 20% 0% 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 Sweden 25 50 Storage Time (weeks) Outside Chips Roundwood Chips Slide 3 Why Should Tall Oil Soap Be Recovered ? •To improve pulp and paper mill operations •To reduce the toxicity of pulp mill effluents, •To reduce accidents due to slips and falls. •To increase mill revenue 2 Slide 4 Tall Oil Soap Should Be Recovered To Improve Pulp and Paper Mill Operations : Impact of Improved Soap Removal on Evaporator Overall Heat Transfer 1. -
Gum Naval Stores: Turpentine and Rosin from Pine Resin
- z NON-WOOD FORESTFOREST PRODUCTSPRODUCTS ~-> 2 Gum naval stores:stores: turpentine and rosinrosin from pinepine resinresin Food and Agriculture Organization of the Unaed Nations N\O\ON- -WOODWOOD FOREST FOREST PRODUCTSPRODUCTS 22 Gum navalnaval stores:stores: turpentine• and rosinrosin from pinepine resinresin J.J.W.J.J.W. Coppen andand G.A.G.A. HoneHone Mi(Mf' NANATURALTURAL RESRESOURCESOURCES INSTITUTEIN STITUTE FFOODOOD ANDAN D AGRICULTUREAGRIC ULTURE ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION OFOF THETH E UNITEDUNITED NATIONSNATIONS Rome,Rome, 19951995 The designationsdesignations employedemployed andand thethe presentationpresentation of of materialmaterial inin thisthis publication do not imply the expression of any opinionopinion whatsoever onon thethe partpart ofof thethe FoodFood andand AgricultureAgriculture OrganizationOrganization ofof thethe UnitedUnited Nations concernconcerninging thethe legal status of any countrycountry,, territory, city or areaareaorofits or of its auauthorities,thorities, orconcerningor concerning the delimitationdelirnitation of itsits frontiers or boundaries.boundaries. M-37M-37 IISBNSBN 92-5-103684-5 AAllll rights reserved.reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrretrievalieval systemsystem,, oror transmitted inin any form or byby anyany means,means, electronic,electronic, mechanimechanicai,cal, photocphotocopyingopying oror otherwise, withoutwithout thethe prior permission ofof the copyright owner. AppApplicationslications forfor such permission,permission, with a statementstatement