DOCSLIB.ORG

Risk of Extreme Precipitation Under Nonstationarity Conditions During the Second Flood Season in the Southeastern Coastal Region of China

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Risk of Extreme Precipitation Under Nonstationarity Conditions During the Second Flood Season in the Southeastern Coastal Region of China MARCH 2017 G A O E T A L . 669 Risk of Extreme Precipitation under Nonstationarity Conditions during the Second Flood Season in the Southeastern Coastal Region of China LU GAO,JIE HUANG,XINGWEI CHEN,YING CHEN, AND MEIBING LIU Institute of Geography, and College of Geographical Science, and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Assessing Terrestrial Disasters, and State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China (Manuscript received 20 May 2016, in final form 1 December 2016) ABSTRACT This study analyzes the variation and risk changes of extreme precipitation under nonstationarity condi- tions using the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) and the Mann– Kendall (MK) test. The extreme precipitation series is extracted from the observations during the second flood season (July–September) from 1960 to 2012 derived from 86 meteorological stations in the southeastern coastal region of China. The trend of mean (Mn) and variance (Var) of extreme precipitation is detected by MK. Ten large-scale circulation variables and four greenhouse gases are selected to construct a climate change index and a human activity index, which are based on principal component analysis. The recurrence risk of extreme precipitation is calculated by GAMLSS while considering climate changes and human ac- tivities. The results demonstrate that the nonstationarity characteristic of extreme precipitation is widespread in this region. A significant increasing trend of Mn is found in Shanghai, eastern Zhejiang, and northern and southern Fujian. An enhanced Var is found in eastern Guangdong. A significant positive correlation exists between climate changes/human activities and Mn/Var, especially in Zhejiang and Fujian. Generally, the contribution of climate changes and human activities to Mn is greater than it is to Var. In this region, the precipitation amount of high-frequency (2-yr return period) and low-frequency (100-yr return period) events increases from inland to coastal and from north to south. The government should pay careful attention to these trends because the intensity of extreme precipitation events and their secondary disasters could result in serious losses. 1. Introduction Zhai et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2009, 2008). Therefore, quantitative assessment of extreme precipitation is of Extreme climate and weather events have attracted great importance for flood planning and hydraulic much attention in recent decades because they lead to project purposes (Milly et al. 2002). serious disasters that cause large human and economic A common measure of extreme events (e.g., runoff losses (Easterling et al. 2000). Extreme precipitation is and rainfall) is the r-year return period. However, most one of the most common extreme weather events, and it previous studies on the analysis of runoff and pre- tends to trigger associated natural hazards, such as cipitation extremes were based on the assumption of floods, urban waterloggings, landslides, and debris flows. stationarity. In a changing environment, the stationary The global increase of frequency and intensity of ex- hypothesis is no longer suitable to assess flood risk and treme precipitation events has been proven by numer- hydraulic engineering projects (Beguería et al. 2011; ous studies (e.g., Alexander et al. 2006; Coumou and Gilroy and McCuen 2012; Milly et al. 2008; Zhang et al. Rahmstorf 2012; Ingram 2016; IPCC 2013). Many pre- 2014). Thus, the nonstationarity should be taken into vious studies have shown that extreme precipitation is account when the frequency of flood or extreme weather increasing significantly in northwestern and southeast- events is analyzed. Precipitation has shown a wide- ern China, especially during the rainy season from April spread nonstationarity, primarily in the changes of mean to September (e.g., Fu et al. 2013; Ning and Qian 2009; and variance of data series (Khaliq et al. 2006). The Wang and Zhou 2005; Xu et al. 2011; You et al. 2011; recurrence risk of extreme precipitation events is sig- nificantly related to mean and variance of data series. A Corresponding author e-mail: Lu Gao, [email protected] tiny change in mean could result in a remarkable change DOI: 10.1175/JHM-D-16-0119.1 Ó 2017 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses). Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/27/21 10:38 AM UTC 670 JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY VOLUME 18 in intensity and frequency of an extreme precipitation by the westward expansion of the subtropical north- event (Mearns et al. 1984). Katz and Brown (1992) also western Pacific high. note that the effect of variance on the frequency of an Human activity is another important factor that af- extreme precipitation event is greater than the average fects extreme precipitation. Ding (2008) noted that the state of the climate. An increased variance could lead to effect of human activities on climate change is mainly more extreme precipitation events, even when the cli- the result of the combustion of fossil fuels, greenhouse mate is in an invariable mean state. gases from agricultural and industrial activities, land-use Many factors, such as climate change and human ac- and land-cover change, and aerosol emissions. Under an tivity, can result in the nonstationarity of extreme runoff increased CO2 concentration scenario, the precipitation and precipitation. IPCC (2013) concluded that the var- amount and intensity may significantly increase in the iability of extreme precipitation has been inevitably at- Yangtze River basin in winter and summer (Gao et al. tributed to the combined influence of natural and human 2002). A similar result was found in the frequency and factors. Global warming and anthropogenic aerosols are intensity of extreme precipitation in eastern China, the major components in climate systems that have been which increased when CO2 concentrations doubled widely discussed for their impact on extreme pre- (Zou et al. 2008). Land-use changes affect the global and cipitation changes (e.g., Liu et al. 2015; Qin et al. 2005; regional climate by changing the atmospheric moisture Rosenfeld et al. 2008; Wang 2015). However, the con- and energy balance of the ecosystem (Fu 2003; Liu et al. tributions of the possible causes for extreme pre- 2011; Salazar et al. 2015). cipitation are still being debated because of the complex However, the question remains how to detect the relationships between the large-scale circulations, the nonstationarity of extreme precipitation while taking effects of anthropogenic aerosols, and the synoptic climate change and human activity into account. An processes, in particular at the regional scale (Ohba et al. appropriate method is greatly needed. Ouarda and El- 2015; Wang 2015). Adlouni (2011) discussed nonstationarity models based A number of studies have been conducted to explore on Bayesian and generalized maximum likelihood esti- the reasons for extreme precipitation trends. For ex- mation methods. Gilroy and McCuen (2012) developed ample, Ohba et al. (2015) determined that the variability and applied a nonstationarity method that accounted for of extreme precipitation is significant on interannual and multiple nonstationarity factors. Rigby and Stasinopoulos interdecadal time scales under the multiple effects of the (2005) developed a nonstationarity analysis model called East Asian monsoon, El Niño–Southern Oscillation Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and (ENSO), and Pacific Ocean circulation in the East Asia. Shape (GAMLSS) that could simulate the linear and Anomalies in sea surface temperature (SST) in the nonlinear relations between response and explanatory tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans strongly affect the variables under nonstationarity conditions. GAMLSS intensity of precipitation, even the paths of typhoons in has been used successfully in the trend analysis of pre- East Asia (Du et al. 2011; Ohba 2013; Xie et al. 2009). cipitation, temperature, and runoff series (Jiang and Chan and Zhou (2005) found that the early summer Xiong 2012; Villarini et al. 2010). Zhang et al. (2015) (May–June) monsoon rainfall is associated with both introduced the Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Pacific ENSO and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) in Oscillation index (NPO), Pacific decadal oscillation in- southern China. Wan et al. (2013) also found that the dex (PDO), Southern Oscillation index (SOI), and res- record-breaking probability for extreme monthly pre- ervoir index into GAMLSS to explore the impact of cipitation and Southern Oscillation (SO) are signifi- climate change and human activity on the annual max- cantly associated in most regions of China. Tropical imum streamflow in the East River basin of China. cyclones often land in the southeastern coastal region of The southeastern coastal region of China, including China and bring abundant rainfall. Li and Zhou (2015) Shanghai City, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, and Hainan and Ying et al. (2011) found a positive trend in pre- Provinces (excluding the South China Sea Islands), is cipitation per tropical cyclone and a maximum 1-h pre- located in a typical subtropical monsoon climate zone. It cipitation over the south of the Yangtze River. It has is an economically developed area with a high density of been proven that some large-scale circulation indices, population and a high concentration of wealth (Fig. 1). such as the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Research on the Image Perception of Shaoguan Tourism Food Based on Kelly Grid Technology
    E3S Web of Conferences 251, 03025 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125103025 TEES 2021 Research on the Image Perception of Shaoguan Tourism Food Based on Kelly Grid Technology Li Yanfen1, * Guangzhou International Economics College, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China Abstract. This study takes Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province as an example to study tourists' perception of local tourist food image. The research method uses the Kelly grid technique. Through interviews with 24 tourists who have travelled to Shaoguan, 36 key constructs are obtained, and they are divided into cognitive and emotional constructs. Seven final representative constructs are presented. After sub-analysis, it was found that Shaoguan's tourism food development is lagging behind, the food environment needs to be improved, and the lack of representative food in the city, etc., and proposed to establish representative tourism food, improve dietary hygiene awareness, and use the Internet to increase publicity and other optimization development suggestions. attractiveness; from the perspective of tourism economy, tourism food can increase tourism income; from the 1 Introduction perspective of tourists, tourism food can enrich the In 2021, due to the impact of the new crown pneumonia tourism experience. epidemic, international travel will be restricted, and Therefore, this research starts with tourist food, domestic tourism and short-distance travel will increase analyzes tourists’ perception of Shaoguan’s food image, during the normalization and control phase of the finds problems, finds out countermeasures, and improves epidemic in China. the tourist attraction of Shaoguan. Shaoguan is located in the northern part of Guangdong Province, and Shaoguan has unique tourism resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplement of Evolution of Anthropogenic Air Pollutant Emissions in Guangdong Province, China, from 2006 to 2015
    Supplement of Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 11701–11719, 2019 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11701-2019-supplement © Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Supplement of Evolution of anthropogenic air pollutant emissions in Guangdong Province, China, from 2006 to 2015 Yahui Bian et al. Correspondence to: Zhijiong Huang ([email protected]) and Junyu Zheng ([email protected]) The copyright of individual parts of the supplement might differ from the CC BY 4.0 License. Figure S1. The geographical location of Guangdong Province, China Figure S2. Government-designated industrial relocation parks in Guangdong province. Source: Li and Fung Centre Research (2008) Figure S3. Trends in the air pollutant emissions, per capita GPD, fuel consumption and vehicle population in the (a) PRD (b) NPRD (all the data are normalized to the year 2006). Figure S4. Comparison of emission trends of (a) SO2 (b) NOX (c) PM10 with ground-level/satellite measurements in the GD from 2006 to 2015. (All data are normalized to the year 2006). Figure S5. The spatial patterns of satellite observations in GD during 2006-2015. (a) SO2, (b) NO2, and (c) AOD. Figure S6. Source emission evolutions in the PRD and NPRD for (a)-(b) SO2, (c)-(d) NOX, (e)-(f) PM10, (g)-(h) PM2.5, (i)-(j) VOCs, (k)-(l) CO and (m)-(n) NH3 from 2006 to 2015. The stacked column graphs show the emission contributions by source-category and year (left axle). The point plots show the total annual emissions (right axle). Figure S7.
    [Show full text]
  • CHSA HP2010.Pdf
    The Hawai‘i Chinese: Their Experience and Identity Over Two Centuries 2 0 1 0 CHINESE AMERICA History&Perspectives thej O u r n a l O f T HE C H I n E s E H I s T O r I C a l s OCIET y O f a m E r I C a Chinese America History and PersPectives the Journal of the chinese Historical society of america 2010 Special issUe The hawai‘i Chinese Chinese Historical society of america with UCLA asian american studies center Chinese America: History & Perspectives – The Journal of the Chinese Historical Society of America The Hawai‘i Chinese chinese Historical society of america museum & learning center 965 clay street san francisco, california 94108 chsa.org copyright © 2010 chinese Historical society of america. all rights reserved. copyright of individual articles remains with the author(s). design by side By side studios, san francisco. Permission is granted for reproducing up to fifty copies of any one article for educa- tional Use as defined by thed igital millennium copyright act. to order additional copies or inquire about large-order discounts, see order form at back or email [email protected]. articles appearing in this journal are indexed in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life. about the cover image: Hawai‘i chinese student alliance. courtesy of douglas d. l. chong. Contents Preface v Franklin Ng introdUction 1 the Hawai‘i chinese: their experience and identity over two centuries David Y. H. Wu and Harry J. Lamley Hawai‘i’s nam long 13 their Background and identity as a Zhongshan subgroup Douglas D.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Assessment of CO2 Storage Capacity
    Feasibility Study of CCS-Readiness in Guangdong Province, China (GDCCSR) Final Report: Part 2 Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential for Guangdong Province, China GDCCSR-SCSIO Team March 2013 i Authors (GDCCSR-SCSIO Team) Di Zhou Pengchun Li, Zhongxian Zhao, Jie Liao, Cuimei Zhang, Yunfan Zhang, Hui Xie, Fucheng Li, Jialong Peng (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China) For comments or queries please contact: Prof. Di Zhou [email protected] Disclaimer This is the second part of the final report of the project “Feasibility Study of CCS-Readiness in Guangdong (GDCCSR)”, which is funded by the Strategic Programme Fund of the UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office joint with the Global CCS Institute. The report is written based on published data mainly. The views in this report are the opinions of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, nor of the funding organizations. The full list of the GDCCSR project reports are as follows: Part 1 Analysis of CO2 emission in Guangdong Province, China. Part 2 Assessment of CO2 Storage Potential for Guangdong Province, China. Part 3 CO2 Mitigation Potential and Cost Analysis of CCS in Power Sector in Guangdong Province, China. Part 4 Techno-economic and Commercial Opportunities for CCS-Ready Plants in Guangdong Province, China. Part 5 CCS Capacity Building and Public Awareness in Guangdong Province, China Part 6 CCUS Development Roadmap Study for Guangdong Province, China. ii Contents Summary1 for Policy Makers....................................................................................... 1 Chapter2 1 Background and outline......................................................................... 2 Chapter3 2 Methodology of CO2 storage capacity assessment..............................
    [Show full text]
  • Dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of South China
    Dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of South China Zhiming Dong (Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica) From Mesozoic and Cenozoic Red Beds of South China Selected Papers from the "Cretaceous-Tertiary Workshop," Nanxiong, Guangdong Province Edited by Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Paleoanthropology & Nanjing Institute of Paleontology Science Press, 1979 pp. 342-350 Translated By Will Downs Department of Geology Northern Arizona University August, 2002 Introduction In 1961, the Guangdong Provincial Office of Geology conducted field work in the Nanxiong Basin where they collected a partial pes that was diagnosed by Young et al. (1962) to belong to the ?Coelurosauria. This represented the first documentation of dinosaurs in the “Red Beds” of South China and indicated that they represented the Mesozoic, attracting much attention from geologists and paleontologists. Following the initial survey of the Red Beds, continuous regional reports of fragmentary dinosaurs were published, although systematic excavations were not conducted, and consequently the distribution and precise age were left unknown. Under the great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) formed the South China Red Beds Survey with associates from related departments, conducting consecutive research in the provinces of Guangdong, Anwei, Henan, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Hubei, and Jiangxi. In addition to an abundant collection of Early Tertiary mammals, several dinosaur specimens were collected. In 1974, IVPP geologists continued research in the Nanxiong Basin, where they collected a set of relatively good specimens. This text is based upon these specimens and is an introduction to the dinosaurs from the South China Red Beds. The Nanxiong Basin is one of the numerous basins that produces dinosaurs from the South China Red Beds.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Annual Report
    Contents Company Profile 2 Summary of Financial Data 7 Party Secretary’s Statement 10 President’s Statement 12 Management Discussion and Analysis 13 Changes in Share Capital and Shareholders 55 Directors, Supervisors and Senior Management 66 Corporate Governance Report 77 Report of the Board of Directors 100 Report of the Board of Supervisors 111 Major Events 119 Report on Sannong Financial Services 120 Independent Auditor’s Report 131 Financial Statements and Accompanying Notes 139 Unaudited Supplementary Financial Information 292 Definitions 295 COMPANY PROFILE I. COMPANY PROFILE (I) Official Name 1. Official Chinese Name: 廣州農村商業銀行股份有限公司 (Abbreviated as：“廣州農村商業銀行”) 2. Official English Name: Guangzhou Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. (Abbreviated as “GRCB”) (II) Registered Capital: RMB9,808,268,539.00 (III) Legal representative: Mr. Cai Jian (IV) Authorized Representatives: Mr. Yi Xuefei and Mr. Ngai Wai Fung (V) Joint Company Secretaries: Ms. Zheng Ying and Mr. Ngai Wai Fung (VI) H-Share Listing Stock Exchange: The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (VII) Stock Name and Code: GRCB (1551.HK) (VIII) Offshore Preference Share Name and Code: GRCB 19USDPREF (4618.HK) (IX) Registered Address: No. 9 Yingri Road, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, PRC (X) Principal Place of Business in Hong Kong: 40th Floor, Dah Sing Financial Centre, No. 248 Queen’s Road East, Wanchai, Hong Kong (XI) Scope of Business: Monetary and financial services (XII) Contact Address: No. 1 Huaxia Road, Pearl River New Town, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PRC
    [Show full text]
  • Remittances, Donations, and Investments in Taishan, China, Since 1978: a Transnational Development Pattern
    Remittances, Donations, and Investments in Taishan, China, since 1978: A Transnational Development Pattern by Feng Zhang B.A., Sun Yat-sen University, 1991 M.Phil., Hong Kong Baptist University, 1999 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Sociology) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA July 2007 © Feng Zhang, 2007 Abstract One of the most prominent points of out-migration from China historically, since 1978 Taishan has again experienced substantial out-migration. My research seeks to describe the effects of monetary inputs from Chinese transnationals - in the form of remittances, donations, and investments - on social and economic transformation in Taishan. To date, the distinct and joint effects of these on ongoing socio-economic developments in China have not been systematically examined. My research demonstrates that transnational remittances, donations, and to a lesser degree investments, have intensive and permanent influences on households, communities and regions. A large proportion of the residents of Taishan receive remittances via transnational ties. Remittances, a primary income source for many recipients, contribute adversely to the stratification of incomes in the community and have a strong influence on the lifestyles and economic strategies of recipients. Large volumes of transnational donations have effectively modernized schools, hospitals, libraries, village planning, transportation and other sectors in local regions. Local governments therefore depend heavily upon such support for the public sector. Meanwhile, transnational investments in industries, few at first but many in recent years, have gradually changed the economic structure of Taishan, stimulating industrialization and increasing demographic diversity by attracting migrant workers from other places.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Csr Report
    BYD CSR Report 2018 Message from the President M M e e s s s s a a g g e As the country with the largest vehicle production catering to people's wishes for a better quality of life. e f f r r o and sales in the world, China is now deeply o m Spanning four industries including automobiles, rail transit, new energy and electronics, our goal is m t t h affected by troubling issues caused by a sharp h e to create wider industrial development with smart, sustainable low-carbon products and solutions. e P increase in car ownership and an extremely fast P r r e e s urbanization process, resulting in serious pollution BYD ended the year of 2018 with more than 220,000 employees, among which over 20,000 are s i i d d e e n and urban congestion problems. Urban traffic engineers who work around the clock to explore technologies and solutions needed to boost n t t congestion has become an especially persistent sustainability. We have developed a series of solutions to air pollution and traffic congestion with a difficulty facing all cities, which tend to leave the broad range of electric vehicles that are increasingly replacing conventional internal combustion 01 problem unresolved, thus increasingly more vehicles and making a significant impact on urban emissions; and to tackle the burden of traffic 02 severe. How can cities continue to grow without congestion, our rail transit solutions – the BYD SkyRail and SkyShuttle – remove traffic from ground tackling the congestion conundrum? How to make level by creating overhead transportation, so as to create multi-level systems that integrate overhead, on-ground and underground urban transportation.
    [Show full text]
  • Shaoguan Tuhua, a Local Vernacular of Northern Guangdong Province, China: a New Look from a Quantitative and Contact Linguistic Perspective
    Shaoguan Tuhua, a Local Vernacular of Northern Guangdong Province, China: A New Look from a Quantitative and Contact Linguistic Perspective Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Litong Chen, B.A. Graduate Program in East Asian Languages and Literatures The Ohio State University 2012 Thesis Committee: Marjorie K. M. Chan, Advisor Donald Winford Zhiguo Xie Copyright by Litong Chen 2012 Abstract This thesis reanalyzes data collected from published fieldwork sources and brings a new perspective to Shaoguan Tuhua, the genetically unclassified vernacular speech used in the Shaoguan area, northern Guangdong Province, China. The reanalysis consists of a quantitative study of the Shaoguan Tuhua varieties and some Hakka varieties (the regional lingua franca) and a contact linguistic study on one of the Shaoguan Tuhua varieties, Shibei Shaoguan Tuhua, and its Hakka neighbor, Qujiang Hakka. This thesis uses a combined methodology. It consists of the traditional Chinese dialectological research methods, phylogenetic network (computational) methods, and contact linguistic frameworks. Neither phylogenetic network methods nor contact linguistic frameworks are sufficiently used in Chinese dialectology. In terms of studying Shaoguan Tuhua, the use of these methodologies is new. This thesis first of all introduces the historical and sociolinguistic contexts of Shaoguan Tuhua. Shaoguan Tuhua has been in contact with Hakka for about seven hundred years, and Hakka speakers significantly outnumber Shaoguan Tuhua speakers. The majority of Shaoguan Tuhua speakers, especially the younger generation, can speak fluent Hakka. ii Based on the historical and sociolinguistic background, this thesis goes on to examine the result of the Shaoguan Tuhua-Hakka contact.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Dissertation-XIANG.Pdf
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School The College of the Liberal Arts LAND, CHURCH, AND POWER: FRENCH CATHOLIC MISSION IN GUANGZHOU, 1840-1930 A Dissertation in History by Hongyan Xiang 2014 Hongyan Xiang Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2014 ii The dissertation of Hongyan Xiang was reviewed and approved* by the following: Ronnie Hsia Edwin Earle Sparks Professor of History Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee David G. Atwill Associate Professor of History and Asian Studies Kate Merkel-Hess Assistant Professor of History and Asian Studies Anouk Patel-Campillo Assistant Professor of Rural Sociology Michael Kulikowski Professor of History and Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies Head, Department of History *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii Abstract This is a study of the economic and financial history of the Paris Foreign Missions Society (Société des Missions Étrangères de Paris) in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong (formerly known as Canton) from the late nineteenth to the early twentieth century. It examines how missionaries acquired and utilized local properties, demonstrating how property acquisitions provided a testing ground for Sino-Western relations. While historians have typically focused on the ways that missionaries affected Chinese populations and policies, I instead argue that living and attempting to gain influence in Guangdong altered missionaries’ tactics and strategies in ways that had far-reaching consequences. The government of China (which over the course of my study changed from an empire to a republic) consistently attempted to restrict foreign missions’ right to purchase Chinese properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Environmental Health in the Pearl River Delta
    Report on In Europe and the United States in recent months there has been a public debate about working conditions at Environmental Health factories in south China – especially since the string of suicides at the Taiwanese-owned Foxconn plant. Many NGOs are conducting campaigns and advocacy work in the Pearl River Delta to raise awareness about such issues, include health effects on workers, and to infl uence the behaviour of individual and institutional consumers. chinadialogue However, less attention has been devoted to the impact of the industrialisation process on the wider environ- ment and on living conditions outside the factories. This study by chinadialogue may help to fi ll this gap. This vivid and detailed account of reporting the envi- ronment and health in southern China may help readers to better understand the challenges and opportunities for reporters, activists, academics, funders and policy- makers working in an important fi eld. Published by ISBN 978-3-933341-51-8 | 3 Euro German Asia Foundation Report on Environmental Health in the Pearl River Delta chinadialogue German Asia Foundation Published by German Asia Foundation in cooperation with chinadialogue and the “EU-China Civil Society Dialogue on Participatory Public Policy”. chinadialogue German Asia Foundation London Office Asienstiftung Suite 306 Grayston Centre im Asienhaus 28 Charles Square, Bullmannaue 11 London, N1 6HT, UK D-45327 Essen Beijing Office Rm.3-717, Core Plaza, No.1 Shanyuan St., Room 3-717 Core Plaza 1 Shanyuan Street Haidian District Beijing, China, 100080 San Francisco Office USF Center for the Pacific Rim 2130 Fulton St, LM 280 San Francisco, CA 94117-1080 This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union.
    [Show full text]
  • Estimation of Cancer Burden in Guangdong Province, China in 2009
    Cao et al. Chin J Cancer (2015) 34:58 DOI 10.1186/s40880-015-0060-4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access Estimation of cancer burden in Guangdong Province, China in 2009 Su‑Mei Cao1,2, Yan‑Jun Xu3, Guo‑Zhen Lin4, Qi‑Hong Huang5, Kuang‑Rong Wei6, Shang‑Hang Xie1,2 and Qing Liu1,2* Abstract Background: Surveying regional cancer incidence and mortality provides significant data that can assist in making health policy for local areas; however, the province- and region-based cancer burden in China is seldom reported. In this study, we estimated cancer incidence and mortality in Guangdong Province, China and presented basic informa‑ tion for making policies related to health resource allocation and disease control. Methods: A log-linear model was used to calculate the sex-, age-, and registry-specific ratios of incidence to mortal‑ ity (I/M) based on cancer registry data from Guangzhou, Zhongshan, and Sihui between 2004 and 2008. The cancer incidences in 2009 were then estimated according to representative I/M ratios and the mortality records from eight death surveillance sites in Guangdong Province. The cancer incidences in each city were estimated by the corre‑ sponding sex- and age-specific incidences from cancer registries or death surveillance sites in each area. Finally, the total and region-based cancer incidences and mortalities for the entire population of Guangdong Province were summarized. Results: The estimated I/M ratios in Guangzhou (3.658), Zhongshan (2.153), and Sihui (1.527) were significantly dif‑ ferent (P < 0.001), with an average I/M ratio of 2.446. Significant differences in the estimated I/M ratios were observed between distinct age groups and the three cancer registries.
    [Show full text]