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PW Vol X, #5.Indd APRIL/MAY 2005 Inside 4 Learning from Iraq 5 Reforming the United Nations 6 20th Anniversary Reception 8 Short Takes Vol. XI, No. 1 8 Stojan Cerovic Remembered ■ ■ UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE WASHINGTON, DC www.usip.org 9 Arthur M. Crocker Remembered 11 Letter from Mindanao Pathways Peace An Institute conference on Israeli-Palestinian relations struck a rare note: optimism. to David Satterfield, former deputy rospects for resuming assistant the Arab-Israeli peace secretary of state process are brighter than at for Middle East any time since 2000, accord- affairs, and ing to participants in Path- Martin Indyk, ways to Peace, a half-day research former U.S. Psymposium convened by the ambassador to Instituteʼs Scott Lasensky. The Israel and now meeting, held in late January at a director of the Washington-area hotel, included Saban Center at presentations from Ambassador the Brookings David Satterfield, a senior State Institution. Department official; Martin Indyk, director of the Saban The meeting was the first for the Alexandria Declaration Center at the Brookings Institu- installment in the Institute’s and follow-on programs to pro- tion and a former U.S. ambassador expanding research efforts into mote interreligious dialogue. The to Israel; and several distinguished the Middle East peace process. Institute is also working with the scholars, including current senior As part of the Arab-Israeli Middle East Children’s Associa- fellow Jacob Shamir. Futures research project, a number tion on peace education, and has a Participants expressed cautious of reports to be published in 2005 number of grant recipients work- optimism that Israeli-Palestinian will examine a variety of local, ing on both academic and applied negotiations could be renewed, regional, and international factors subjects related to the conflict. pointing to an exceptional con- shaping the peace process. The “It is widely asserted that the fluence of events, including the Institute has long been involved in Arab-Israeli issue is critical to death of Yasser Arafat, Israel’s activities to promote Arab-Israeli America’s position in the Middle disengagement plan, Palestinian peace. How Israelis and Palestin- East,” Lasensky noted, “but what elections and the emergence of ians Negotiate, the latest volume are the specific linkages? And how new leadership, and the entry of in the Institute’s series on cross- does the peace process impact Israel’s Labor Party into a coali- cultural negotiation, was published our larger agenda?” These broad tion government. this spring. Support continues See Pathways to Peace, page 2 2 that the best way forward is to was the key to American success Pathways to Peace focus on a defined, short-term in the Middle East, he said. Bush continued from page 1 agenda that can restore trust and has made the opposite mistake: enable both peoples to “reaffirm He assumed that since the Arab- questions—as well as the nar- their faith in the very enterprise Israeli conflict was not identical rower but vital question of what of peacemaking.” He urged the to resolving our problems in the strategies and tactics the United United States to re-activate the Middle East, he could safely States might employ to advance first phase of the Roadmap and ignore the former. The challenge, the peace process—dominated the ensure that a complete Israeli said Spiegel, is to get the balance meeting. pullout from Gaza does not leave right. And the problem with the Satterfield opened the confer- Israel vulnerable on security. Bush administration’s policies is ence by emphasizing that the He urged greater support for that the long-term promotion of Bush administration remains economic assistance for post- democracy is doing nothing to actively engaged in the Middle withdrawal Gaza, and suggested stifle terrorism or proliferation, East: “We are committed to trying U.S. support for a new UN reso- while the wars on terrorism and lution ratifying Gaza withdrawal. proliferation are doing nothing Progress on this conflict, said to promote democracy. Spiegel Makovsky, would vindicate the recommended a less ambitious president’s policies, which predi- agenda. The immediate task, he cated U.S. engagement on the said, is to do what is necessary to removal of Arafat and reform of ensure that Israel withdraws from Palestinian leadership. Gaza and the northern West Bank At the same time, however, and that President Abbas stems Makovsky warned against too the violence and advances political ambitious an agenda. Final Status talks could endanger the entire Former National to make this conflict come to an process, he said, by energizing Security Adviser end,” said Satterfield, who called rejectionists opposed to the Abbas Zbigniew the present moment “the greatest government, undermining the Brzezinski talks opportunity for peace in years.” political dynamics on the Israeli Peace Watch (ISSN 1080-9864) is pub- with Chester But he insisted that the basis for side, and precipitating a crisis lished six times a year by the United States Institute of Peace, an independent, Crocker and constructive negotiations is still— before either side was fully ripe nonpartisan federal institution created Institute Board by Congress to promote the peaceful as the Bush administration has to proceed to final status talks. resolution of international conflicts. The Chair J. Robinson long maintained—that Israel cease He also rejected the notion that views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect views of the Institute or its Board West prior to settlement work and the Pales- there is a “grand linkage” between of Directors. the symposium. tinians end violence. Settlement events in Iraq and the broader To receive Peace Watch, visit our web site activity must stop, said Satterfield, Middle East and progress on the (www.usip.org); write to the United States Institute of Peace, 1200 17th Street NW, because it “ultimately undermines Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Arab Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036-3011; Israeli as well as Palestinian inter- resentment of the United States call 202-429-3832; or fax 202-429-6063. A complete archive of Peace Watch is ests and futures.” He was equally stems from complex historical and available at www.usip.org/peacewatch. forceful about Palestinian options: cultural forces unrelated to Pales- President: Richard H. Solomon a Palestinian state, he said, “can’t tinian grievances. (On the other Executive Vice President: Patricia Thompson Publications Director: Mike Graham be built on the foundation of ter- hand, he did note a “negative Editor: David Aronson Production Manager: Marie Marr Jackson rorist violence.” linkage”—in that if U.S. forces are Design: Kenneth P. Allen Three leading experts, David defeated in Iraq, this will no doubt Photo Credits: Staff, AP/ Wide World Makovsky, of the Washington embolden rejectionists throughout Photos, Bill Fitzpatrick Institute for Near East Policy; the region.) Board of Directors Steven Spiegel, of the University Steven Spiegel was more criti- Chairman: J. Robinson West. Vice Chair- man: María Otero. Members: Betty F. of California at Los Angeles; cal of the Bush administration— Bumpers, Holly J. Burkhalter, Chester A. and Robert Malley, of the Inter- and indeed, of previous adminis- Crocker, Laurie S. Fulton, Charles Horner, Seymour Martin Lipset, Mora L. McLean, national Crisis Group, prepared trations as well. Until President Barbara W. Snelling. Members ex officio: Arthur E. Dewey, Department of State; detailed policy papers and Bush, U.S. presidents have con- Michael M. Dunn, National Defense debated their recommendations sistently believed that resolving University; Peter W. Rodman, Department of Defense; Richard H. Solomon, for U.S. policy. Makovsky argued the Palestinian-Israeli conflict Institute president (nonvoting). 3 reforms. If this mutual disengage- ment is successful, then the next step would be to convene an inter- national conference by the Quartet to plot out future confidence- building reinforcing measures. As to the broader agenda of the United States—building democ- racy, limiting the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and fighting terrorism—the jury is still out, but the likelihood is that Robert Malley of the International Crisis Group, David Makovsky of these goals are mutually contra- the Washington Institute of Near East Policy, Steven Spiegel of UCLA, dictory and will end by undercut- and Institute program officer and symposium organizer Scott Lasensky ting one other. offered contrasting views of the most effective path to a viable peace. Robert Malley proposed a more ambitious agenda. Putting off 54 percent among Palestinians. In ciated Press ran an article that efforts to forge a comprehensive addition, there has been a signifi- was reprinted in dozens of media settlement until the Palestinian cant rise in the number of Israelis outlets, including ABCNews.com, leadership can demonstrate and Palestinians who support a CNN.com, and the San Francisco improved governance and real “mutual recognition of identity” Chronicle. Other print media that security for the Israelis is the proposal, in which both groups mentioned the conference includ- old, familiar, and failed path, he would recognize the legitimacy of ed the New York Times, the Finan- said. Conditions today require a each other’s state after the major cial Times, the Jerusalem Post, and more aggressive posture, one that issues have been resolved. The Haaretz. In addition, C-SPAN takes advantage of the unique overall conclusion: Palestinians aired the entire proceedings of the conjunction of events. Malley and Israelis are as “ripe” as they conference at least four times over recommended that the United have ever been to proceed with the five days immediately follow- States present the parameters peace negotiations. ing the event. for a comprehensive Israeli- Ambassador Martin Indyk “I have always believed in two Palestinian agreement, in concert delivered the keynote address. fundamental truths about the con- with forward momentum on the He echoed prior speakers in flict,” said Lasensky. “At its core, Syrian-Israeli track.
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