CLIMATE RESILIENT BASINS: CHINCHINA (COLOMBIA) and MANTARO (PERU) REPORT April-June, 2018

CLIMATE RESILIENT BASINS: CHINCHINA (COLOMBIA)

AND MANTARO (PERU) REPORT

April-June, 2018

June 30, 2018

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. 1 It was prepared by CIIFEN.

CLIMATE RESILIENT BASINS: CHINCHINA (COLOMBIA) AND MANTARO (PERU) REPORT April-June, 2018

Submitted to: USAID/Washington

Prepared by: International Center for Research on El Niño Phenomenon (CIIFEN)

DISCLAIMER: This document is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of CIIFEN and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government.

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. Evaluation of Activity Implementation ...... 5 1.1 Activities And Results ...... 5 Outcome 1 ...... 5 Outcome 2 ...... 8 Outcome 3 ...... 9 Outcome 4 ...... 12 Outcome 5 ...... 14 2. Operational/Administrative Matters ...... 16 2.1 Audit: ...... 16 2.2 Changes In Project Staff: ...... 16 2.3 Bank Accounts In Colombia And Peru ...... 16 3. Conclusions Of The Execution Of Period ...... 17 4. Coordination With Other Institutions Or Projects In The Basin ...... 18 5. Principal Activities Planned For The Next Quarter ...... 18

1. EVALUATION OF ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION

1.1 Activities and Results

OUTCOME 1

1.1 Description of climatology, climate trends and projections for the region of the basins. 1.2 Tendencies of climatic indexes. 1.3 Weather projections

In this period the project team and the Climate Specialists elaborated two publications based on the Climate Analysis prepared for both basins: "Understanding the climate of the Chinchina river basin" and "Understanding the climate of the Mantaro river basin." These documents present the climate analysis for each basin, the climatology of the basin, the tendencies for the climatic indices and the climate projections (rain and temperature) for each basin.

Likewise, in order to reach the communities, two stories were written with contents and information related to the climate of the basins. In Peru the comic strip called: "Mantaro Valley, the food pantry", and in Colombia: "A tree in Chinchina will give us more than its shadow".

1.5. Analysis of climate variability, hydrometeorological and extreme hydroclimate events and their impacts on basin territories.

MANTARO

1.5.1. Master’s degree theses on the impacts of climate variability and climate change in basin territories.

The thesis advisor M.Sc. Victoria Calle, is permanently monitoring the activities carried out by the two Master´s thesis, Gerardo Jacome and Weidi Flores. According to the 10th report sent by the consultant, the advances in the Master´s thesis work are the following:

Gerardo Jacome:

Thesis: "INDEXES OF CLIMATE EXTREMES OF RAIN AND TEMPERATURE IN THE BASIN OF MANTARO - PERU USING THE MODEL WRF (1981-2065)"

In this quarter, Mr. Jacome was assigned the date for his degree exam. At the moment the thesis is being reviewed by the members of the qualifying committee of the university La Molina. They will provide their contributions for improving the document.

Weidi Flores:

Thesis: ""ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRIC DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH HEAVY RAINS, BETWEEN 2008 AND 2017 ON THE MANTARO BASIN”

In this quarter, the Master´s thesis student submitted the final proposal and approved his English knowledge test that is a requirement to take his degree exam.

In June, Mr. Flores contacted the main authorities and made initial coordination with the rural community of Marcapomacocha to organize and implement the early warning system.

CHINCHINA

Felipe Rincón:

In this period, Mr. Rincón delivered the final Master’s thesis work modified according to the recommendations of the CIIFEN evaluation committee. The thesis entitled "AGROCLIMATE INDEXES IN CHINCHINA RIVER BASIN UNDER THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY", aimed to establish the effect of the variability in the dynamics of the agroclimate variables for the basin and the impacts in the main crops of the region. The results confirmed the negative impact of the Niño y Niña phenomena on crops such as banana and coffee; however, its effects can vary greatly depending on the type of phenomenon and the behavior of the hydroclimate variables in the period immediately before the phenomenon (El Niño o La Niña). The result highlights the need to have a greater amount of data to have more accurate results, however the information obtained will be an important input for decision making. In the next months the study will be socialized in different spaces and meetings.

Jenny Marín:

The results of the thesis entitled "DYNAMICS OF EXTREME HYDROCLIMATE EVENTS IN THE CHINCHINA RIVER BASIN DUE TO CLIMATIC VARIABILITY" confirm the high vulnerability of certain areas of the basin to threats such as landslide. Another result was the high variation in the behavior of the climatic variables between the micro-basins of the middle and upper watershed. The final thesis document will be delivered and socialized with the institutional stakeholders of the basin so that they incorporate the results of this study into the planning instruments, principally in the risk management plans of the five municipalities of the basin and Caldas Department.

1.5.2. Statistical Estimation of the accident rate associated with climate variability and climate change

CHINCHINA

The process of collecting information associated with the accident rate in Chinchiná river basin continues this quarter. The following are the progress achieved these months:

1. Content of the document:  Introduction  Context - Background: country and regional data regarding the social and economic impacts of climate variability phenomena  Main social impacts  Main economic impacts  Areas with high socio-economic impacts and relationship with vulnerability analysis.  Conclusion

2. Agreement with the Catholic University A student of Environmental Engineering of the Catholic University, supported the project in the first phases of the process

3. Preparation of a list of information sources:  Government of Caldas, Risk Management Unit  Municipality of Chinchina  Municipality of Villamaria  Municipality of Palestine  Municipality of Manizales  Municipality of Neira  Fire Brigade  Civil Defense  Corporaldas  National University, headquarters Manizales

Additionally, the information contained in Desinventar Platform is being validated.

4. Definition of parameters to be considered in the collection of information, for the database building.

5. Information management: feed database

During this period some of the information was collected; however no all the required information could be gathered. The information is being processed.

6. Elaboration of the document

It will be prepared in the last quarter of the year.

OUTCOME 2

2.2. Vulnerability analysis considering socioeconomic and environmental indicators in the territories of the basin.

The document "Methodological Guide for the Analysis of Vulnerability to Extreme Climate Events of the Chinchina river basin" was prepared, socialized and delivered to local stakeholders, during the vulnerability workshops carried out in Manizales. This document compiled the methodology used for the development of the analysis, as a model to be applied in other scenarios.

In the same way, a comic strip titled "Knowing the vulnerability of the territory is the first step to build a resilient basin", was elaborated in this period. This material was delivered to the communities during the vulnerability training as a sequence of the climate strip.

In Peru, the vulnerability documents (for technicians and communities) have not yet been prepared, since the results of the 2017 census have not been yet published. The vulnerability study must first be updated with data for 2017 before producing the vulnerability publication for the

technicians. For the third semester, it is planned to write the vulnerability comic strip for the communities and its publication is expected the last quarter of the year.

2.3 Socialization and validation of the vulnerability study results in basin territories.

2.3.2 Preparation of information for publications and web portal

In this quarter, the vulnerability study for the Mantaro basin was presented to the Regional Government of Huancavelica.

OUTCOME 3

3.1 Strengthening the Regional Environmental Information System (SIAR)

MANTARO

Training to GEO-SIAR Managers

In Huancayo, from June 4th to 6th, the training workshop on the use and management of the GEO- SIAR designed by CIIFEN to strengthen the SIAR Junín was held. The GEO-SIAR is a technological platform that allows visualizing climate, environmental, risk management, water resources, land planning, and other information, provided by different institutions, needed for decision making. This workshop was addressed to computer technicians from the GORE Junin.

Training workshop on the use and management of the GEOSIAR addressed to computer technicians from GORE Junin

3.2 Strengthening capabilities of local governments’ technicians

CHINCHINA

On June 26th and 27th, workshops to present the results of the climate and vulnerability analyses for Chinchina river basin, were carried out. Representatives from 15 local institutions of the 5 municipalities of the basin attended the workshops.

The climate analysis was useful to determine the tendencies of the climate variables registered between 1981 and 2010, and with these inputs, as well as with the analysis of IDEAM climate scenarios and the simulation obtained with computer models, it was possible to project the changes in temperature and precipitation expected for Chinchina basin until the year 2040, obtaining approximations for the levels of change of rainfall and temperature and the specific areas where these changes are expected to be greater.

Also, considering the social, environmental and economic information of the territory, it was possible to establish the areas with the greatest natural and socio-economic vulnerability conditions; identify threats and risk factors; and the level of vulnerability of the inhabitants. These results allow us to establish the places that would be most vulnerable to extreme events that would be intensified by the climate change in the coming decades.

Workshops to present the results of climate and vulnerability studies for Chinchina river basin

MANTARO

In May, the project Regional Coordinator and the Local Actions Coordinator in Mantaro visited the President of the University of Huamanga to explore the possibility of working together in a diploma for technicians both from Colombia and Peru. Along with the Natural Resources Manager and the Coordinator of the SIAR in the GORE Ayacucho, project officials visited the university and the purpose of the course to be taught was explained.

On June 19th and 20th, in the provinces of Huamanga-Ayacucho and Huancayo-Junín, respectively, the project team carried out the first training module entitled "Understanding the climate of the Mantaro river basin and building resilience" addressed to technicians from public and private institutions of Ayacucho and Junín regions. The objective of these workshops was to make the participants aware of the climate conditions of their region, the threats and risks the basin face due to changes in climate, and to identify possible measures to allow them to make decisions regarding adaptation to climate change.

Participants of the workshop "Understanding the climate of Mantaro river basin", held in Junín and Ayacucho

3.3 Inclusion of climate change criteria in the local planning of the regions of Chinchina and Mantaro basins.

3.3.5. Inclusion of climate change criteria

The Local Activities Coordinator of Mantaro basin held a meeting with the management and officials of the Provincial Municipality of Concepción that allowed to define actions for compliance with the methodological proposal to mainstream Climate Variability (CV) and Climate Change (CC) in the Strategic Institutional Plan (PEI) and Institutional Operational Plan (POI) for the province.

In June, the consultant group hired by the project for the inclusion of climate change criteria carried out the workshop "Meanstreaming Climate Change and Climate Variability in POI and PEI", with the objective of socializing the methodology with officials of the Provincial Municipality of Concepción, mayors, districts and officials of the Regional Government of Junín.

Coordination meeting with the Manager of the Workshop of socialization of the methodology for the Provincial Municipality of Concepción Mrs. Tania incorporation of the VC and CC in the POI and PEI of Erquinio Tolentino Concepción province 11

CHINCHINA

In the second quarter of the year, the project began with the activities to include CC and VC in the prospective, plan planning and programmatic phase of Chinchina POMCA. Local Activities Coordinator visited the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development, and held meetings with delegates from the Directorates of Climate Change and the Water Resources, to socialize the project once again to the new officials. This dialogue and contacts are required to have the validation of the Ministry for the exercise of CC inclusion in the POMCA carried out in Chinchina. For the second semester, their presence and participation is expected in the workshops programmed related to this topic.

OUTCOME 4

4.1. Strengthening most vulnerable communities ‘capacities to face climate change.

MANTARO

On June 18th and 22nd, in Huamanga-Ayacucho and Jauja-Junín, respectively, the first training module "Understanding the climate of Mantaro river basin" addressed to rural communities was conducted. The workshop carried out in Jauja was organized along with the Jauja Agrarian Agency. More than 70 people, representatives of associations, guilds and communes of the province attended. The objective of these workshops was to raise awareness among the population about the climate conditions of their region, identify the threats and risks they face due to changes in climate and identify possible measures to adapt to changing weather conditions. Through a comic strip entitled "Mantaro Valley, the food pantry", the project team imparted concepts such as weather, climate, climate change and climate variability, so that participants know how to differentiate these terms when requesting or receiving information that would support their activities related to their planning or prevention. They also emphasized on the importance of knowing how climate change is affecting the availability of water resources in the Mantaro basin, putting at risk not only the agricultural production of the region on which Lima’s population depends, but also the generation of electric power that represents about 35% of Peru. Likewise, SENAMHI was promoted as the official institution in charge of providing climate information; how to access to the information SENAMHI produces, and the importance of using it in their planning and daily activities. Participants learned, through exhibitions, videos and practical questions, how the climate of their basin is, what measures could be useful to adapt to changes in climate, where to access climate information and especially the importance of being themselves critical actors and decision-makers to face the adverse effects of climate.

Understanding the climate of Mantaro river basin, addressed to rural communities of Huamanga Province.

CHINCHINA

On June 25th, 28th and 29th, the climate and GIS specialists, the Regional Coordinator and the Local Activities Coordinator carried out the workshops "Understanding the climate and vulnerability of Chinchina river basin" addressed to the communities of the 5 municipalities of the basin. These workshops were held in Chinchina, Neira and Manizales with the participation of 64 people from communities of the 5 municipalities of the basin. Concepts as climatology, climate, climate variability, climateUnderstanding change; theclimate climate of of Mantaro the basin river basin (precipitation,, addressed to rural temperature); communities of Jauja climate Province. trends in recent decades (precipitation indices, temperature indices, summary of trends) and climate change projections (precipitation, temperature) were given.

Training workshops for communities in Chinchiná and Neira municipalities

Besides, Fanny Friend, CIIFEN’s GIS Specialist, gave a masterly presentation on vulnerability and resilience and carried out a practical exercise to analyze vulnerability to extreme climate events in Chinchina River Basin. It consisted in identifying the social vulnerability Chinchina river basin. For this purpose, each participant write down what they consider makes them socially vulnerable. The exercise showed the following:

• Absence of education • Lack of environmental culture • Lack of application of public policies • The materials with which they build the houses • Ignorance of the plans of Management and Management of the Hydrographic Basins. • Corruption • Lack of awareness • Illiteracy • Poor handling of solid waste • Lack of knowledge of environmental regulations • Lack of social control • Absence of environmental authority • Not having access to public services • Poverty • Settlements in risky sites

Training workshop for technicians on Vulnerability and resilience, Manizales OUTCOME 5

5.1 Local positioning of IDEAM-Colombia and SENAMHI-Peru services in Chinchina and Mantaro, respectively.

5.1.1. Formulation of the definitive Positioning Plan of IDEAM and SENAMHI Peru services in Chinchina and Mantaro basins.

CHINCHINA

During this quarter, the Local Actions Coordinator has periodically visited IDEAM in order to continue with the approval of the positioning plan, however due to internal changes (authorities and some technicians), the activities have not been able to be developed. The project team decided to wait until the new Director is appointed to continue with this activity.

MANTARO

The development of SENAMHI's positioning plan will be led by Juan José Nieto, Climate Specialist, through a workshop that will be held in September with the participation of officials of SENAMHI Lima and SENAMHI Junin. The respective coordination has been done with SENAMHI Lima; it is still pending the coordination with the Regional Directorate of SENAMHI Junín.

5.1.3 Implementation of the Positioning Plan for the local Meteorological Services.

During this quarter, meetings to reactivate the Jauja Agrarian Management Committee were held, to prepare its regulations and assign commissions. CIIFEN leads the environment commission. The reactivation of the committee is part of the regulations of the Regional Agrarian Management Committees, approved by Ministerial Resolution No. 0211-2017-MINAGRI, which establish that the committee should be a coordination mechanism between state entities, and private entities of Jauja, to contribute to the improvement of productivity and agricultural competitiveness.

Reunión para elaborar el reglamento interno del comité de Gestión Agrario de Jauja-CGA

Meeting to form the Agrarian Management Committee of Jauja

5.2 Strengthening CRC-OSA operational and technical capacities in support of the institutions linked to risk management and adaptation in the basins.

5.2.2. Support the development of services and tools on climate information and risk management for local decision-making.

The consultancy to develop and adjust a tool for frost forecast, carried out by Professor Jeronimo Garcia is completed (the tools has been calibrated and validated); however, there were limitations within SENAMHI (Lima and Junin) that did not allow the training workshop both for the management and use of the tool. During this quarter, dialogs were taken up with Mr. Constantino

Alarcon, Project’s contact in SENAMHI Lima, who supports the project for the realization of the workshop.

This action awaits approval by the Executive President of SENAMHI Mr. Ken Takahashi. Mr. Takahashi requested technical reports on the tools from two different Directorates: Agrometeorology and Meteorology and Environmental Evaluation which analyzed the tool and are delivering positive reports to SENAMHI President. In this context, trainings for managers and users of the tool are expected to be carried out next period, and also determine the responsibilities in the administration of the tool.

2. OPERATIONAL/ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS

2.1 Audit:

During this period, the audit of the project corresponding to the period between September 19th, 2013 and December 31st, 2016 finished. The first letter of recommendation was issued by the auditors as well as a first audit report. There are no observations on the contractual processes or the project´s accounting. The only observation the project has is the payment of VAT with USAID funds. It was agreed with the auditors to start the registration process of the project in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which is the first step to recover the VAT paid with project funds.

All the information for the auditors' next visit is also ready. The next auditing period is between January and December 2017. The auditing report is expected to be delivered to USAID in July.

2.2 Changes in Project Staff:

The project key staff carried out the selecting process of the new Local Activities Coordinator in Mantaro. The call for this process had a good response and 11 resumes were received. After reviewing and qualify the resumés, three people were called for interviews: Jéssica Solís, Julio Jesú and Pedro Cabrera. After the interviews, the members of the committee (Regional Coordinator, AFA, Coordinator of Local Actions in Chinchina and Evaluation and Monitoring Assistant) decided unanimously that the new coordinator would be Mr. Pedro Cabrera. Training was given to the new Coordiandor, both in technical and administrative matters at the end of May.

At the request of the Coordinator of Local Actions in Colombia, a technical-administrative assistant will not be hired. A support person will be hired to carry out the accounting and manage the administrative issues. This person will work in the structure of Vivo Cuenca, providing support to both the project and the Water fund. For activities such as workshops or field trips, a person will be hired for specific days.

2.3 Bank accounts in Colombia and Peru

The legal consultancy hired to explore the legal way to open banking accounts in each basin finished both in Colombia and Peru. To open accounts in both countries was also an agreement reached with the auditors. The account in Peru will be managed by Luisa Cortez but all movements must be approved by the Local Actions Coordinator. Also in Colombia, a bank account was opened to manage the funds for the Chinchiná river basin. The account is in the name of Olga Galindo but the movements that take place must have the authorization of the regional Coordinator.

3. CONCLUSIONS OF THE EXECUTION OF PERIOD

3.1. The period’s most important events and actions

MANTARO

 Training workshops for managers of the technological platform (GEO-SIAR) designed by CIIFEN to strengthen the SIAR Junín.  Training workshop "Understanding the climate of the Mantaro river basin” addressed to public and private institutions in Ayacucho and Junín regions.  Training workshop "Understanding the climate of the Mantaro river basin" addressed to the rural communities of Jauja, Junín and Huamanga, Ayacucho.  Support the creation of the Council of Water Resources of the Mantaro Basin. D. S. N ° 007- 2018-MINAGRI

CHINCHINA

 The accompaniment of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development to the project activities was achieved.  Terms for the agreement between CIIFEN and Cuenca River Chinchina-Vivo Cuenca Corporation to carry out joint activities to build climate resilients in the basin was achieved.  Activities carried out within intersectoral agendas managed along with the livestock and coffee associations and an agreement for the monitoring plan to climate change for the basin.

3.2. Principal problems or limitations faced this period

The change of coordinator of the Local Activities Coordinator in Mantaro basin, which delayed the realization of certain activities. 3.3. Recommendations:

MANTARO

Make periodic trips to Lima, to coordinate actions related to climate change, risk management and environmental information systems with institutions such as MINAM, SENAMHI, ANA, with which

the project have been working together. The interaction of institutions has to be constant and should be reinforced through official letters from the Directorate of CIIFEN.

CHINCHINA

It is necessary a more regular communication between the Coordination and the local team. The project team should formalize meetings in bi-weekly periods.

4. COORDINATION WITH OTHER INSTITUTIONS OR PROJECTS IN THE BASIN

 In this quarter, the local team coordinated with the Regional Government of Junín, the development of the training workshop “use and management of the technological platform (GEO-SIAR) designed by CIIFEN to strengthen the SIAR Junín”, and the workshop "Understanding the climate of Mantaro basin” addressed to public and private institutions of Junín region.  The local team coordinated with the Jauja Agrarian Agency to conduct the workshop "Understanding the climate of the Mantaro river basin" addressed to rural communities of Jauja province.  The local team coordinated with the Agrarian Federation of Agriculture of Ayacucho (FADA), for the development of the workshop "Understanding the climate of the Mantaro river basin" addressed to rural communities of Huamanga province.  Local project team coordinated with the Regional Government of Ayacucho, to carry out the workshop "Understanding the climate of Mantaro river basin" addressed to public and private institutions of Ayacucho region.  The project also participated in meetings with the Executive Committee of Huancavelica where CIIFEN was designated as responsible for the Environmental Axis period 2018 – 2021; and some approaches with institutions of Huancavelica region were made in this period.  Coordination with Corpocaldas and the Government of Caldas to carry out training workshops on climate and vulnerability in the Chinchiná river basin.  Coordination with the sectors of cattle farmers and coffee producers to carry out joint actions to build reisilience in the basin.  Coordination with the municipalities of Manizales, Neira and Chinchiná to conduct training workshops on climate and vulnerability to communities and officials of municipalities and local institutions.

5. PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES PLANNED FOR THE NEXT QUARTER

MANTARO

 Design of the SENAMHI’s positioning plan.

 Training workshop on the management of the Frost Forecast Tool for Mantaro Valley addressed to technicians of SENAMHI Junín and Lima; and Training workshop on the application of the tool addressed to technicians from Junin Agricultural Directorate and institutions linked to disaster risk management.  Guidelines for the inclusion of CC in the water resources planning (risk management module)  Coordinate activities with National Water Authority-ANA and the National Ministry of the Environment  Strengthening the Regional Council of the Agrarian Sector (Junín): Participation in the meetings of the Agrarian Management Committee (CGA) of Jauja.  Consultancy for the identification of traditional or ancestral knowledge in harvesting water for agriculture.  Workshop to strengthen capabilities in adaptation measures, under a gender and intercultural approach in the frame of the implementation of the Climate Change Regional Strategy (ERCC) of Junín, with the support of MINAM.  Exchange of experiences on Mechanisms of Compensation for Systemic Eco-Services with the support of an official from the National Superintendence of Services and Sanitation- SUNASS and a member of the Water Resources Council of Chira Piura basin.

CHINCHINA

 Training on the methodology for the analysis of vulnerability at a municipal level.  Continue with visits of the young environmentalists group to sustainable properties.  Development of Climate Agendas.  Elaboration of a guide to incorporate climate change into the POTs.  Development of working agendas with Coffee Growers and Cattlemen of the Basin.  Agreement with the Chinchina Basin Corporation.  Start implementing the agreements with Vivo Cuenca