Statistical Bulletin Number: 02/2017 July 2017 Bus and Rail Statistics for Ireland – State Funded Services Bulletin Topics: • Total Number of PSO Passenger Journeys • PSO Passenger Journeys by Region • Total Operated Vehicle Kilometres and Vehicle Seat Kilometres • Passenger Revenues • Passenger Revenues by Region • Free Travel Scheme • Public Service Obligation (PSO) Subsidy • Total Number of Buses • Age of Buses • Rail Network Changes • Operating Fleet with Wheelchair Accessibility • Gross Cost Contract Operators Bus and Rail Statistics for Ireland – State Funded Services | 3 By combining the two bulletins it will allow us show Introduction regional data based on rail and bus together. The Authority came into effect on 1 December 2009 and hence the annual statistics in this bulletin begin in 2010 and cover the period 2010 to 2016 inclusive. Some data from prior to 2010 is included such as subsidy payments in order to give a historical perspective to the This statistical bulletin is a publication level of payments in recent years. of the National Transport Authority of Dublin Bus and Bus Éireann currently provide the majority Ireland (“the Authority”). It focuses on of PSO bus services under contract to the Authority. bus services provided by Dublin Bus, Four other public service contracts were in place in Bus Éireann, the Rural transport 2016 with M&A Coaches Ltd., Andrew Wharton Coach Hire, Bernard Kavanagh and Sons Ltd. and Bus Éireann. Programme and a small number of As these contracts are very small in comparison to the private operators who have been main transport operators the details in respect of these successful in tender competitions to contracts are outlined in Section 12 of this document. operate a number of routes. On the rail The Rural Transport Programme provides bus services side it focuses on heavy rail services in many areas of rural Ireland with passenger journeys tending to be local in nature and a number of them being provided by Iarnród Éireann (Irish Rail) delivered door-to-door. The programme is also grant- and Luas light rail services. aided by the State via the Authority. Management of this programme was transferred to the Authority in April On 1st December 2009 the Dublin Transport Authority 2012 and its statistics have also been included to the Act 2008 and the Public Transport Regulation Act extent they were collected and are available. 2009 came into effect. Under these Acts the Authority signed contracts with Dublin Bus, Bus Éireann and Data on the operational performance of the transport Iarnród Éireann. These contracts were new and much operators in the form of quarterly reports on the more comprehensive than previous arrangements. key performance indicators of these public service Subsequent contracts were signed with Dublin Bus and contracts can be found on the Authority’s website www. Bus Éireann in December 2014. The contract with Iarnród nationaltransport.ie under the heading Public Éireann was a 10 year contract and will remain in place Transport Services. until November 2019. These contracts are subsidised because the operators are required to deliver what are The data provided in this bulletin is based on the public called Public Service Obligations (PSO). PSO services transport operator’s annual returns. are socially necessary transport services which may not be commercially viable and require a state subsidy The 2016 data in the bulletin is provisional as at the to operate. date of publishing a number of the operators had not finalised their 2016 annual accounts. However it is not The Authority has the statutory obligation to secure anticipated that the trends illustrated by the 2016 data the provision of light railway passenger services in the in this bulletin will vary significantly. Greater Dublin Area. In September 2014 the Authority co- signed with the Railway Procurement Agency (RPA), Statistical Qualification - it is important to note now part of Transport Infrastructure Ireland (TII) a five that the figures used in this bulletin are intended to year contract with Transdev Dublin Light Rail Limited to illustrate broad trends and are not meant to be read as operate the Luas services. The Authority has assigned exact calculations. Rounding has being used and this aspects of its statutory function to the RPA and in turn could affect overall percentages. It should also be noted to TII, however, Luas fares, marketing, promotions, that some prior year comparative amounts have been customer facing website and apps and their alteration reclassified on a basis consistent with the current year. are determined by the Authority. There can also be approximations for a number Between 2013 and 2016 the Authority had issued two of reasons. Reporting periods could differ slightly separate bulletins dealing with PSO passenger services due to calculation methods and this would limit the one focused on bus operators and the second focused on precise accuracy. Other factors could affect figures e.g. rail operators. This year we have combined the bulletins severe weather conditions, amendments to routes, into one which will focus on all PSO transport operators. et cetera. 4 1 Total Number of PSO Passenger Journeys Demand for public transport services is strongly related to By 2013 the decline in total public transport passenger economic activity. Economic growth increases employment, journeys had halted as the economy began to recover. disposable income and consumer spend, all of which lead to Over the past three years growth in total passenger more travel. Economic decline produces the opposite effect. journeys has been strong with total growth rates across This was clearly demonstrated over the past decade. In all modes of PSO funded public transport. Total PSO 2007 passenger numbers travelling by public transport were passenger journeys grew by 8 million in 2014, a further at a peak. As the first signs of economic decline were evident in 8 million in 2015 and grew by 10 million in 2016. 2008 passenger journey numbers on public transport began to decline. The year 2009 saw largest decline in passenger Tables 1A and 1B along with Figure 1.1 illustrate the journeys when numbers fell by more than 10% across all changes in passenger journeys on exchequer funded modes of public transport. Total passenger journeys on public public transport services across the State between transport continued to decline, but at much slower rate, over 2010 and 2016. the next three years up to 2012 although some services such as Luas did see some growth as new Luas lines were opened. Table 1A Annual PSO Public Transport Passenger Journeys, 2010-2016 (millions) Change in Bus Éireann Total Year/ Rural Transport Iarnród Passenger Dublin Bus PSO Luas Passenger Operator Programme Éireann Journey Services Journeys numbers 2010 117.05 29.13 1.42 38.23 27.53 213.36 2011 115.05 28.48 1.74 37.38 29.10 211.75 -1.61 2012 113.28 28.63 1.73 36.74 29.32 209.70 -2.05 2013 112.49 28.64 1.74 36.74 30.51 210.12 0.42 2014 116.26 29.69 1.76 37.80 32.61 218.12 8.00 2015 119.82 30.23 1.76 39.66 34.60 226.07 7.95 2016 125.35 32.12 1.79 42.81 34.03 236.10 10.03 Note: Figures are in millions and only include PSO services. Bus and Rail Statistics for Ireland – State Funded Services | 5 Table 1B Percentage change of annual passenger journeys Rural Total Year/ Bus Éireann Iarnród Dublin Bus Transport Luas Passenger Operator PSO Services Éireann Programme Journeys 2011 -1.7% -2.2% 22.5% -2.2% 5.7% -0.8% 2012 -1.5% 0.5% -0.6% -1.7% 0.8% -1.0% 2013 -0.7% 0.0% 0.6% 0.0% 4.1% 0.2% 2014 3.4% 3.7% 1.0% 2.9% 6.9% 3.8% 2015 3.1% 1.8% 0.2% 4.9% 6.1% 3.6% 2016 4.6% 6.3% 1.6% 7.9% -1.6% 4.4% The data in Table 1A. shows the number of passenger introduced their Network Direct project. This project saw journeys carried by individual operators over the period 2010 the redesign of the Dublin Bus service network to provide to 2016. In general they followed the national trend with a fall customers with an improved public transport offering. in passenger journey numbers in 2011. In 2012 Dublin Bus and Iarnród Éireann passenger journeys continued to decline but One of the outcomes of the project was the introduction the level of decline was easing off. In 2013 passenger journey of increased cross-city and orbital connections. This numbers stabilised at Bus Éireann and Iarnród Éireann and has had an impact on total passenger journeys because the rate of decline at Dublin Bus continued to ease off. In whereas previously a passenger making a cross-city trip 2014 passenger journeys grew for all operators for the first needed to take one journey into the city centre and then time in a number of years. In 2014 we saw growth of 8 million another to their final destination, in many cases after passenger journeys and this level of growth continued in 2015. the network changes, they only needed to make one In 2016 the growth in passenger journeys was even stronger combined trip. This should be borne in mind in assessing with an additional 10 million passenger journeys carried by changes to Dublin Bus passenger journeys. While the the PSO operators. network change would account for some of the reduction in passenger journeys up to 2013, the economic environment Luas passenger journeys did not follow the pattern of the would also have had a significant effect.