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Ein Beitrag Zur Faunistik Und Ökologie Der Wanzen in Baden-Württemberg (Insecta, Heteroptera)

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Ein Beitrag Zur Faunistik Und Ökologie Der Wanzen in Baden-Württemberg (Insecta, Heteroptera) ©Staatl. Mus. f. Naturkde Karlsruhe & Naturwiss. Ver. Karlsruhe e.V.; download unter www.zobodat.at carolinea, 59(2001): 81-98, 8 Abb., 2 Farbtaf.; Karlsruhe, 28.12.2001 81 Ralf Heckmann & C hristian Rieger Wanzen aus Baden-Württemberg - Ein Beitrag zur Faunistik und Ökologie der Wanzen in Baden-Württemberg (Insecta, Heteroptera) Kurzfassung tung der coli. J. P. W o lf (ETHZH) in Angriff genommen Von neunundsechzig Heteropterenarten werden Verbreitungsan­ und bereits erste Ergebnisse veröffentlicht (R ie g e r gaben für Baden-Württemberg gegeben, für fünf Arten Verbrei­ 2000). Inzwischen sind die Funddaten der Reduviidae, tungskarten erstellt. Tritomegas rotundipennis Dhrn. wurde zum Aradidae, Piesmatidae, Berytidae, Lygaeidae, Coreidae, ersten Mal für Deutschland nachgewiesen, Saida mono Ze it ., Cydnidae und der Scutelleridae dieser großen Samm­ Physatocheila smreczynskii China, Strongylocoris atrocoeruleus Fieb ., Conostethus v. venustus Fieb . Oncotylus v. viridiflavus Gz, lung in eine Datenbank überführt. Fast alle Funde stam­ Ligyrocoris silvestris L. und Ischnocoris punctulatus Fieb . sind men aus dem Breisgau, dem Markgräflerland und dem Neunachweise für Baden-Württemberg. Für Ceratocombus cole- Südschwarzwald. Im Vorgriff auf eine geplante Veröf­ optratus Zeit . Cryptostemma waltli Fieb . und Chartoscirta cocksi fentlichung der gesamten Sammlungsdaten werden hier Curt, werden Angaben zur Biologie und Ökologie gegeben.Die einige besonders interessante Funde vorgestellt. weitere Ausbreitung der erst in neuerer Zeit zugewanderten bzw. Zusätzlich werden im Vorfeld einer geplanten Veröffent­ eingeschleppten Arten Deraeocoris flavilinea C., Corythucha lichung über die Wanzen des westlichen Bodenseege­ ciliata Say und Orsillus depressus Dall. wird dokumentiert. bietes (inzwischen über 420 Arten) Informationen über die besonders interessanten Arten mitgeteilt. Die Arten Abstract Heteroptera from Baden-Württemberg -Distribution and des „Wollmatinger Riedes" wurden bereits in den „Jah­ ecology of bugs in Baden-Württemberg (SW Germany) resberichten über das NSG Wolimatiger Ried-Untersee- (Insecta, Heteroptera) Gnadensee” veröffentlicht (H e c k m a n n 1989, 1990, Dates are given upon the distribution of sixty nine species of 1992,1999) und meist weitere Angaben zu Häufigkeiten Heteroptera in southwest Germany (Baden-Württemberg), five dieser Arten im westlichen Bodenseegebiet gemacht. of them are mapped. Tritomegas rotundipennis Dhrn. was Für einige allgemein als selten geltende Arten werden found for the first time in Germany, Saida morio Zett ., Physa­ ergänzende Verbreitungsangaben mitgeteilt. Dabei tocheila smreczynskii China , Strongylocoris atrocoeruleus wurden überwiegend Arten ausgesucht, für die nur ein Fieb ., Conostethus v. venustus Fieb ., Oncotylus v. viridiflavus Gz, Ligyrocoris silvestris L. and Ischnocoris punctulatus Fieb . oder zwei Fundmeldungen aus Baden-Württemberg are new records for Baden-Württemberg. Information is given vorliegen. Die ursprüngliche Absicht, Arten mit bis zu concerning ecology and biology of Ceratocombus coleoptratus fünf Fundmeldungen zu berücksichtigen, musste aus Zett ., Cryptostemma waltli Fieb . and Chartoscirta cocksi Platzgründen fallen gelassen werden, da die dafür in Curt. The further distribution of the newly immigrated or Frage kommende Artenzahl Insbesondere bei den Mi- brought in species Deraeocoris flavilinea C., Corythucha ciliata ridae sehr hoch ist. Say and Orsillus depressus Dall. is documented. Für drei erst vor kürzerer Zeit in das Bearbeitungsge­ biet eingewanderte oder eingeschleppte Arten werden Autoren Daten über die weitere Ausbreitung gegeben. Ralf Heckmann , St.-Gebhardstr. 11, D-78467 Konstanz; Dr. Christian Rieger , Lenbachstr. 11, D-72622 Nürtingen Allen Fundorten ist der MTB-Quadrant vorangestellt. Wenn nicht besonders vermerkt, befindet sich das Belegmaterial in den Sammlungen der Verfasser. 1. Einleitung Abkürzungen Um für den geplanten Katalog der Wanzen in der “Ento- BW (Baden-Württemberg), CR (Christian Rieger , Nürtin­ mofauna Germanica” (H o ff m a n n 1999) eine vollstän­ gen), ETHZH (Sammlung der Eidgenössischen Technischen dige Länderliste für Baden-Württemberg vorlegen zu Hochschule Zürich), RH (Ralf Heckmann , Konstanz), KGR können, werden in dieser Arbeit einige für Baden- (Kiesgrube), NDM (flächenhaftes Naturdenkmal), NSG (Natur­ schutzgebiet), SMNK (Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Württemberg neue Arten vorgestellt und einige Karlsruhe), SMNS (Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stutt­ Falschmeldungen korrigiert. gart). Mengenangaben: z.B.: 1/1 = 1 Männchen/1 Weibchen. Nach der Aufarbeitung der Wanzensammlung im In den Verbreitungskarten sind Gebiete, die höher als 500 m Staatlichen Museum für Naturkunde Karlsruhe (SMNK) NN liegen, dunkel hervorgehoben. (H e c k m a n n 1996) wurde inzwischen eine Überarbei­ ©Staatl. Mus. f. Naturkde Karlsruhe & Naturwiss. Ver. Karlsruhe e.V.; download unter www.zobodat.at 82 carolinea, 59 (2001) Abbildung 1. Populations­ dynamik von Ceratocombus coleoptratus Zett . im NSG Mindelsee auf der Basis von Bodenfallenfängen. Die zwei Maxima an Imagines mit vor­ angehenden Larven deuten auf zwei Generationen pro Jahr, ebenso das Fehlen von Larven in der zweiten Julihälfte. Die Art überwintert im Eistadium. - Die Funde in den fünf Bewirtschaftungsty­ pen (siehe Text) sind in den Diagrammen summiert. 14- tägige Fallenexposition ab dem 14.3., vom 26.9. bis 22.12.89 jeweils 30-tägig. Die erste Augusthälfte 1989 war kalt und verregnet, was vermutlich zu geringeren Fundzahlen führte. 2. Neue Arten und ergänzende Angaben zur Ver­ Individuen (492 Imagines und 75 Larven) aus den ver­ breitung und Biologie einiger seltener Arten schiedenen Bewirtschaftungstypen werden als Phäno- gramm dargestellt (Abb. 1). Ceratocombidae Es zeigt sich eine 2-gipfelige Individuenverteilung, wo­ bei zunächst nur Larven in den Fallen gefangen wur­ den. Die Art hat hier also im Gegensatz zu Nord­ Ceratocombus coleoptratus (Zetterstedt , 1819) Diese Art ist aus BW bisher nur vom Spitzberg bei Tü­ deutschland (Melber , pers. Mitteilung) zwei Genera­ bingen (Schwoerbel 1957), aus der Wutachschlucht tionen pro Jahr. Das Fehlen von Imagines zu Anfang des Jahres und das ausschließliche Vorhandensein (Kless 1961; RH vid.) und dem Wollmatinger Ried bei von Larven Anfang Mai deutet auf eine Überwinterung Konstanz (Heckmann 1990) bekannt. Im Westried des Mindelsees wurden 1989 Untersuchun­ im Eistadium hin. Die Art bevorzugt strukturreichere und landwirtschaftlich extensiv oder gar nicht genutzte gen mit Bodenfallen durchgeführt (Heckmann 1991). Für Ceratocombus coleoptratus ergaben sich folgende Flächen, die deutlich nassen Charakter haben. Wie­ Fangzahlen, die Daten geben den Tag der Leerung: sen mit Flutrasencharakter werden vollständig gemie­ den (Koppelweide). 8220NW Möggingen, Mindelsee, Westried, - Brache: 24.5. bis 22.12.89, 144/38, 13 Larven. Zu dem Fundort Wollmatinger Ried werden hier nun - Huteweide: 6.6. bis 24.10.89, 24/10. die genauen Funddaten geliefert, sowie weitere Fund­ - Koppelweide: keine Nachweise. orte aus dem Landkreis Konstanz und von der Schwä­ - zweischürige Fettwiese: 18.7.89, 1/0, 24.11.89, 0/1. bischen Alb angegeben. Alle Nachweise von Konstanz -Streuwiese: 24.5. bis 24.11.89, 313/143, 62 Larven. stammen aus Bodenfallenexpositionen von Herrn Jo­ Alle Funde aus Bodenfallen, Kiechle leg. und RH det. sef Kiechle (Singen). Beim Fundort im NSG Wollma­ Das Westried war ursprünglich ein Kalkflachmoor, die tinger Ried handelt es sich um eine Senke in einer verschiedenen Parzellen werden nun seit Jahrzehnten zweischürigen Fettwiese, die jedoch dort von der unterschiedlich genutzt. Die gesamten Daten der 567 Struktur eher lückigen Streuwiesencharakter hat und ©Staatl. Mus. f. Naturkde Karlsruhe & Naturwiss. Ver. Karlsruhe e.V.; download unter www.zobodat.at Heckmann & R ieger : Wanzen aus Baden-Württemberg 83 Abbildung 2. Populations­ dynamik von Cryptostemma w a ltli Fieb . im NSG Mindel- see auf der Basis von Bo­ denfallenfängen. Aufgrund der geringen Individuenzahl, besonders bei den Larven, ist es nicht klar, ob die Art zwei oder drei Generationen pro Jahr hat. Das Maximum der ersten Generation ist sechs Wochen vor dem Ma­ ximum der ersten Generati­ on bei Ceratocombus cole- o ptra tus Zett ., die letzte Ge­ neration stimmt zeitlich über­ ein. Weitere Erläuterungen siehe Abbildung 1. einem Strandwall benachbart ist (Rückzugsmöglich­ 8118SW Engen, KGR Binningen, 9.8.97, 1 Ex. unter Stein am Ufer, RH. keit bei Hochwasser). 8220NO Sipplingen, Bohnenbach, 9.8.97, 3/3 unter größerem 8320NO Konstanz, Wollmatinger Ried, “Zugwiesen”, 30.6.89, Stein am Hochwasserrand des Bodensees, RH. 29/1 und 14.7.89, 25/4 (Heckmann 1990). 8322NW Hagnau a. B., Schloß Kirchberg, 7.4.97, 1/0, unter 8321 NW Konstanz, Hockgraben, Gumpertslohn, feuchte nassem Stein am Hochwasserrand des Bodensees, RH. Glatthaferwiese, 14.7.86, 1/0. Alle Funde aus Bodenfal­ 8324SW Goppertsweiler, Argental, 12.7.97, 2/4, unter großen len, alle Kiechle leg. und RH det. Steinen auf einer Sandbank, CR. 7720SW Tailfingen, Schloßberg, 18.8.86 2/0, aus Bodenfalle, Dittmar leg. Cryptostemma waltli Fieber , 1860 Aus BW. sind von dieser Art bisher 6 Fundorte bekannt Dipsocoridae geworden (Kless 1961, Rieger 1987,1989, Heckmann 1996). Das häufige Vorkommen in Bodenfallen deutet Cryptostemma alienum (Herrich -Schaeffer , 1835) an, dass die Art aufgrund ihrer versteckten Lebenswei­ Diese versteckt unter Steinen oder im Ufersand leben­ se vielerorts übersehen worden ist. de Art wurde
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