The Late Miocene Mammalian Fauna of Chorora, Awash Basin
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JVP 26(3) September 2006—ABSTRACTS
Neoceti Symposium, Saturday 8:45 acid-prepared osteolepiforms Medoevia and Gogonasus has offered strong support for BODY SIZE AND CRYPTIC TROPHIC SEPARATION OF GENERALIZED Jarvik’s interpretation, but Eusthenopteron itself has not been reexamined in detail. PIERCE-FEEDING CETACEANS: THE ROLE OF FEEDING DIVERSITY DUR- Uncertainty has persisted about the relationship between the large endoskeletal “fenestra ING THE RISE OF THE NEOCETI endochoanalis” and the apparently much smaller choana, and about the occlusion of upper ADAM, Peter, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; JETT, Kristin, Univ. of and lower jaw fangs relative to the choana. California, Davis, Davis, CA; OLSON, Joshua, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los A CT scan investigation of a large skull of Eusthenopteron, carried out in collaboration Angeles, CA with University of Texas and Parc de Miguasha, offers an opportunity to image and digital- Marine mammals with homodont dentition and relatively little specialization of the feeding ly “dissect” a complete three-dimensional snout region. We find that a choana is indeed apparatus are often categorized as generalist eaters of squid and fish. However, analyses of present, somewhat narrower but otherwise similar to that described by Jarvik. It does not many modern ecosystems reveal the importance of body size in determining trophic parti- receive the anterior coronoid fang, which bites mesial to the edge of the dermopalatine and tioning and diversity among predators. We established relationships between body sizes of is received by a pit in that bone. The fenestra endochoanalis is partly floored by the vomer extant cetaceans and their prey in order to infer prey size and potential trophic separation of and the dermopalatine, restricting the choana to the lateral part of the fenestra. -
1.1 První Chobotnatci 5 1.2 Plesielephantiformes 5 1.3 Elephantiformes 6 1.3.1 Mammutida 6 1.3.2 Elephantida 7 1.3.3 Elephantoidea 7 2
MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV GEOLOGICKÝCH VĚD Jakub Březina Rešerše k bakalářské práci Využití mikrostruktur klů neogenních chobotnatců na příkladu rodu Zygolophodon Vedoucí práce: doc. Mgr. Martin Ivanov, Dr. Brno 2012 OBSAH 1. Současný pohled na evoluci chobotnatců 3 1.1 První chobotnatci 5 1.2 Plesielephantiformes 5 1.3 Elephantiformes 6 1.3.1 Mammutida 6 1.3.2 Elephantida 7 1.3.3 Elephantoidea 7 2. Kly chobotnatců a jejich mikrostruktura 9 2.1 Přírůstky v klech chobotnatců 11 2.1.1 Využití přírůstků v klech chobotnatců 11 2.2 Schregerův vzor 12 2.2.1 Stavba Schregerova vzoru 12 2.2.2 Využití Schregerova vzoru 12 2.3 Dentinové kanálky 15 3 Sedimenty s nálezy savců v okolí Mikulova 16 3.1 Baden 17 3.2 Pannon a Pont 18 1. Současný pohled na evoluci chobotnatců Současná systematika chobotnatců není kompletně odvozena od jejich fylogeneze, rekonstruované pomocí kladistických metod. Diskutované skupiny tak mnohdy nepředstavují monofyletické skupiny. Přestože jsou taxonomické kategorie matoucí (např. Laurin 2005), jsem do jisté míry nucen je používat. Některým skupinám úrovně stále přiřazeny nebyly a zde této skutečnosti není přisuzován žádný význam. V této rešerši jsem se zaměřil hlavně na poznatky, které následovaly po vydání knihy; The Proboscidea: Evolution and Paleoecology of Elephants and Their Relatives, od Shoshaniho a Tassyho (1996). Chobotnatci jsou součástí skupiny Tethytheria společně s anthracobunidy, sirénami a desmostylidy (Shoshani 1998; Shoshani & Tassy 1996; 2005; Gheerbrant & Tassy 2009). Základní klasifikace sestává ze dvou skupin. Ze skupiny Plesielephantiformes, do které patří čeledě Numidotheriidae, Barytheriidae a Deinotheridae a ze skupiny Elephantiformes, do které patří čeledě Palaeomastodontidae, Phiomiidae, Mammutida, Gomphotheriidae, tetralofodontní gomfotéria, Stegodontidae a Elephantidae (Shoshani & Marchant 2001; Shoshani & Tassy 2005; Gheerbrant & Tassy 2009). -
A New Species of Mioeuoticus (Lorisiformes, Primates) from the Early Middle Miocene of Kenya
ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCE Vol. 125(2), 59–65, 2017 A new species of Mioeuoticus (Lorisiformes, Primates) from the early Middle Miocene of Kenya Yutaka KUNIMATSU1*, Hiroshi TSUJIKAWA2, Masato NAKATSUKASA3, Daisuke SHIMIZU3, Naomichi OGIHARA4, Yasuhiro KIKUCHI5, Yoshihiko NAKANO6, Tomo TAKANO7, Naoki MORIMOTO3, Hidemi ISHIDA8 1Faculty of Business Administration, Ryukoku University, Kyoto 612-8577, Japan 2Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Science and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai 981-8551, Japan 3Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan 5Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan 6Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan 7Japan Monkey Center, Inuyama 484-0081, Japan 8Professor Emeritus, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Received 24 November 2016; accepted 22 March 2017 Abstract We here describe a prosimian specimen discovered from the early Middle Miocene (~15 Ma) of Nachola, northern Kenya. It is a right maxilla that preserves P4–M3, and is assigned to a new species of the Miocene lorisid genus Mioeuoticus. Previously, Mioeuoticus was known from the Early Miocene of East Africa. The Nachola specimen is therefore the first discovery of this genus from the Middle Mi- ocene. The presence of a new lorisid species in the Nachola fauna indicates a forested paleoenvironment for this locality, consistent with previously known evidence including the abundance of large-bodied hominoid fossils (Nacholapithecus kerioi), the dominance of browsers among the herbivore fauna, and the presence of plenty of petrified wood. -
PALEONTOLOGICAL (PLANKTIC FORAMINIFER-OSTRACOD) INVESTIGATION of EOCENE SEQUENCE of KARAMAN REGION Ümit ŞAFAK* ABSTRACT
PALEONTOLOGICAL (PLANKTIC FORAMINIFER-OSTRACOD) INVESTIGATION OF EOCENE SEQUENCE OF KARAMAN REGION Ümit ŞAFAK* ABSTRACT.- The microfauna of Eocene sequence outcropping around Karaman have been investigated. These planktic foraminifers and ostracods were systematically described; also Acarinina bullbrooki planktic foraminifer zone belonging to Lutetian has been determined and this zone was compared with other Eocene planktic foraminifer zones over the world indicat- ing same level. In addition, ostracod species described were stratigraphically and paleogeographically compared with those of other basins. OSTRACOD AND FORAMINIFER ASSEMBLAGES OF TERTIARY SEDIMENTS AT W. BAKIRKÖY (ISTANBUL) Ümit ŞAFAK*. Niyazi AVŞAR* and Engin MERİÇ** ABSTRACT.- The drilling samples taken from the western part of the Bakırköy Basin were investigated, and the microplaeonto- logical data were evaluated. Pliocene, Late Miocene and Late Eocene aged sediments have been observed from top to bottom of drilling, at the results of the laboratory investigation. 14 genera and 25 species from the ostracods and 10 genera and 8 species of benthic foraminifera from the Pliocene sediments: 6 genera and 11 species of ostracods, 9 genera 9 species of ben- thic foraminifera from the Late Miocene deposits and 11 genera and 11 sepices of ostracods and 20 genera and 6 species of benthic foraminifera from the Late Eocene sediments were described. The microfauna of Pliocene sediments consists of Cyprideis seminulum (Reuss), C. pannonica (Mehes), C.anatolica Bassiouni, C. torosa (Jones). C. tuberculata(Mehes). C. tritu- berculata Kristic. C. pontica Kristic are rare, and characteristic for Pontic Basin. In addition, Loxoconcha sp., Semicytherura sp.. Xestoleberis margaritae Mauller, X. ventricosa Mueller. X, reymenti Ruggieri, X. communis Mueller. -
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Dryopithecins, Darwin, de Bonis, and the European origin of the African apes and human clade David R. BEGUN University of Toronto, Department of Anthropology, 19 Russell Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2S2 (Canada) [email protected] Begun R. D. 2009. — Dryopithecins, Darwin, de Bonis, and the European origin of the African apes and human clade. Geodiversitas 31 (4) : 789-816. ABSTRACT Darwin famously opined that the most likely place of origin of the common ancestor of African apes and humans is Africa, given the distribution of its liv- ing descendents. But it is infrequently recalled that immediately afterwards, Darwin, in his typically thorough and cautious style, noted that a fossil ape from Europe, Dryopithecus, may instead represent the ancestors of African apes, which dispersed into Africa from Europe. Louis de Bonis and his collaborators were the fi rst researchers in the modern era to echo Darwin’s suggestion about apes from Europe. Resulting from their spectacular discoveries in Greece over several decades, de Bonis and colleagues have shown convincingly that African KEY WORDS ape and human clade members (hominines) lived in Europe at least 9.5 million Mammalia, years ago. Here I review the fossil record of hominoids in Europe as it relates to Primates, Dryopithecus, the origins of the hominines. While I diff er in some details with Louis, we are Hispanopithecus, in complete agreement on the importance of Europe in determining the fate Rudapithecus, of the African ape and human clade. Th ere is no doubt that Louis de Bonis is Ouranopithecus, hominine origins, a pioneer in advancing our understanding of this fascinating time in our evo- new subtribe. -
Human Evolution: a Paleoanthropological Perspective - F.H
PHYSICAL (BIOLOGICAL) ANTHROPOLOGY - Human Evolution: A Paleoanthropological Perspective - F.H. Smith HUMAN EVOLUTION: A PALEOANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE F.H. Smith Department of Anthropology, Loyola University Chicago, USA Keywords: Human evolution, Miocene apes, Sahelanthropus, australopithecines, Australopithecus afarensis, cladogenesis, robust australopithecines, early Homo, Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, Australopithecus africanus/Australopithecus garhi, mitochondrial DNA, homology, Neandertals, modern human origins, African Transitional Group. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Reconstructing Biological History: The Relationship of Humans and Apes 3. The Human Fossil Record: Basal Hominins 4. The Earliest Definite Hominins: The Australopithecines 5. Early Australopithecines as Primitive Humans 6. The Australopithecine Radiation 7. Origin and Evolution of the Genus Homo 8. Explaining Early Hominin Evolution: Controversy and the Documentation- Explanation Controversy 9. Early Homo erectus in East Africa and the Initial Radiation of Homo 10. After Homo erectus: The Middle Range of the Evolution of the Genus Homo 11. Neandertals and Late Archaics from Africa and Asia: The Hominin World before Modernity 12. The Origin of Modern Humans 13. Closing Perspective Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary UNESCO – EOLSS The basic course of human biological history is well represented by the existing fossil record, although there is considerable debate on the details of that history. This review details both what is firmly understood (first echelon issues) and what is contentious concerning humanSAMPLE evolution. Most of the coCHAPTERSntention actually concerns the details (second echelon issues) of human evolution rather than the fundamental issues. For example, both anatomical and molecular evidence on living (extant) hominoids (apes and humans) suggests the close relationship of African great apes and humans (hominins). That relationship is demonstrated by the existing hominoid fossil record, including that of early hominins. -
(Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the Middle Miocene of China Suggests Barbourofelines Are Nimravids, Not Felids
UCLA UCLA Previously Published Works Title A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilus liupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0g62362j Journal JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC PALAEONTOLOGY, 18(9) ISSN 1477-2019 Authors Wang, Xiaoming White, Stuart C Guan, Jian Publication Date 2020-05-02 DOI 10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Journal of Systematic Palaeontology ISSN: 1477-2019 (Print) 1478-0941 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjsp20 A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilus liupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids Xiaoming Wang, Stuart C. White & Jian Guan To cite this article: Xiaoming Wang, Stuart C. White & Jian Guan (2020): A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilusliupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids , Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 View supplementary material Published online: 08 Jan 2020. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjsp20 Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2020 Vol. 0, No. 0, 1–21, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2019.1691066 A new genus and species of sabretooth, Oriensmilus liupanensis (Barbourofelinae, Nimravidae, Carnivora), from the middle Miocene of China suggests barbourofelines are nimravids, not felids a,bà c d Xiaoming Wang , Stuart C. -
Unravelling the Positional Behaviour of Fossil Hominoids: Morphofunctional and Structural Analysis of the Primate Hindlimb
ADVERTIMENT. Lʼaccés als continguts dʼaquesta tesi queda condicionat a lʼacceptació de les condicions dʼús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://cat.creativecommons.org/?page_id=184 ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis queda condicionado a la aceptación de las condiciones de uso establecidas por la siguiente licencia Creative Commons: http://es.creativecommons.org/blog/licencias/ WARNING. The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis it is limited to the acceptance of the use conditions set by the following Creative Commons license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en Doctorado en Biodiversitat Facultad de Ciènces Tesis doctoral Unravelling the positional behaviour of fossil hominoids: Morphofunctional and structural analysis of the primate hindlimb Marta Pina Miguel 2016 Memoria presentada por Marta Pina Miguel para optar al grado de Doctor por la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, programa de doctorado en Biodiversitat del Departamento de Biologia Animal, de Biologia Vegetal i d’Ecologia (Facultad de Ciències). Este trabajo ha sido dirigido por el Dr. Salvador Moyà Solà (Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont) y el Dr. Sergio Almécija Martínez (The George Washington Univertisy). Director Co-director Dr. Salvador Moyà Solà Dr. Sergio Almécija Martínez A mis padres y hermana. Y a todas aquelas personas que un día decidieron perseguir un sueño Contents Acknowledgments [in Spanish] 13 Abstract 19 Resumen 21 Section I. Introduction 23 Hominoid positional behaviour The great apes of the Vallès-Penedès Basin: State-of-the-art Section II. Objectives 55 Section III. Material and Methods 59 Hindlimb fossil remains of the Vallès-Penedès hominoids Comparative sample Area of study: The Vallès-Penedès Basin Methodology: Generalities and principles Section IV. -
Chapter 1 - Introduction
EURASIAN MIDDLE AND LATE MIOCENE HOMINOID PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY AND THE GEOGRAPHIC ORIGINS OF THE HOMININAE by Mariam C. Nargolwalla A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Anthropology University of Toronto © Copyright by M. Nargolwalla (2009) Eurasian Middle and Late Miocene Hominoid Paleobiogeography and the Geographic Origins of the Homininae Mariam C. Nargolwalla Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Toronto 2009 Abstract The origin and diversification of great apes and humans is among the most researched and debated series of events in the evolutionary history of the Primates. A fundamental part of understanding these events involves reconstructing paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic patterns in the Eurasian Miocene; a time period and geographic expanse rich in evidence of lineage origins and dispersals of numerous mammalian lineages, including apes. Traditionally, the geographic origin of the African ape and human lineage is considered to have occurred in Africa, however, an alternative hypothesis favouring a Eurasian origin has been proposed. This hypothesis suggests that that after an initial dispersal from Africa to Eurasia at ~17Ma and subsequent radiation from Spain to China, fossil apes disperse back to Africa at least once and found the African ape and human lineage in the late Miocene. The purpose of this study is to test the Eurasian origin hypothesis through the analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of distribution, in situ evolution, interprovincial and intercontinental dispersals of Eurasian terrestrial mammals in response to environmental factors. Using the NOW and Paleobiology databases, together with data collected through survey and excavation of middle and late Miocene vertebrate localities in Hungary and Romania, taphonomic bias and sampling completeness of Eurasian faunas are assessed. -
Mammoths and Mastodons
AMERI AN MU E.UM OF ATU R I HI 1 R Mammoths and Mastodons By W. D. MATTHEW . THE. AMERICAN MASTODON Model by Charles R. Knight, based upon The Warren Mastodon skeleton in the American Museum of Natural History No. 43 Of THE GUIDE LEAFLET SERIES.-NOVE.MBER, 1915. Aft, O.~born THE WARREN MASTODON SKELETON IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM . Mammoths and Mastodons A guide to th collections of fossil proboscideans in the Ameri an Museum of Natural History By W. D. MATTHEW 0 TE.i. T Pag 1. L ~TROD T RY. Di tribulion. Early Di coYerie . .............. ~. THE ExTL -cT ELEPHA_~T . The tru mammoth-~ la kan mamm th - k 1 t n from Indiana- ize of the mammoth-th Columbian 1 - phant- th Imperial lephant-extin t 011 World elephant - Plio n and Plei tocene elephant ' of Inclia-e,·olution f lephant from n1a to don ......................... .. ............... .. ..... ... 3. THE ... :\IERICAX :MA TODOX. Teeth f the ma tod n-habit an 1 en Yironment-the w·arren ma t don-male and femal kull -di tribu- tion of the ... merican ma todon . 1 z ..J.. THE LATER TERTB.RY 11A TODOX . The two-tu ked mat don Dibelodon-the long-jawed ma. t don Tetralophodon-the b aked ma todon Rhyncotherium-the primitiYe four tu k d ma tod n . Trilophod n-the Dinotherium.. 1.5 THE EARLY TERTL\.RY AxcE TOR OF THE 11A TODOX . Palreoma tod n - M reritherium-character. and affinitie . I 6. THE E'.'OL TIOX OF THE PRoBo CIDEA. D ubtful po ition of :i\I rither ium-Palreoma todon a primiti, prob cidean-Dinoth rium an aberrant ide-branch-Tril phodon de.:,cended from Palreoma todon branching into everal phYla in ~Ii cene and Plioc ne- Dib lodon phylum in ~ ~ orth and outh America-~Ia tod n phylum-elephant phylum-origin and di per al of th probo cidea and th ir proo·re ,i,·e exti11ctio11 . -
Hippos We Do Not Have Any Complete Skeletons of the Langebaanweg Hippos (Hippopotamids)
Hippos We do not have any complete skeletons of the Langebaanweg hippos (hippopotamids). These animals are mainly represented by jawbones or single teeth and postcranial bones including several foot and hand bones (carpals, tarsals, metapodials, phalanges). In order to work out how hippo evolution has occurred it is necessary to explore the relationship of the Langebaanweg hippos to other fossil hippo species from eastern and central Africa which are of the same age, or slightly older or younger. The hippo fossils from Langebaanweg appear to belong to one species and show a primitive dental pattern also found in other early Hippopotaminae, notably Archaeopotamus from Turkana Basin (Kenya) and Hexaprotodon garyam (northern Chad). However, some of the dental features seen in the Langebaanweg hippos are unique and may indicate that they represent an endemic form. Hippos are very dependent on water and are restricted in their movements as they need to stay close to rivers or lakes. The relationship of the Langebaanweg hippo to other hippos in Africa should therefore provide information on the relationship of rivers, and the availability of water bodies, during the transition between the Miocene and the Pliocene. In terms of paleoecology, the Langebaanweg hippopotamid had a C3-based diet (see ‘You are what you eat...’), which is different from the mixed to C4-dominant diet (see ‘You are what you eat...’), observed in eastern and central African hippo species. A micro-wear study of the hippotamid teeth was made in order to find out if this difference is linked to the fact that the Langebaanweg hippo is a browser, or if this hippopotamid was feeding on C3 grass. -
ABSTRACTS BOOK Proof 03
1st – 15th December ! 1st International Meeting of Early-stage Researchers in Paleontology / XIV Encuentro de Jóvenes Investigadores en Paleontología st (1December IMERP 1-stXIV-15th EJIP), 2018 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Palaeontology in the virtual era 4 1st – 15th December ! Ist Palaeontological Virtual Congress. Book of abstracts. Palaeontology in a virtual era. From an original idea of Vicente D. Crespo. Published by Vicente D. Crespo, Esther Manzanares, Rafael Marquina-Blasco, Maite Suñer, José Luis Herráiz, Arturo Gamonal, Fernando Antonio M. Arnal, Humberto G. Ferrón, Francesc Gascó and Carlos Martínez-Pérez. Layout: Maite Suñer. Conference logo: Hugo Salais. ISBN: 978-84-09-07386-3 5 1st – 15th December ! Palaeontology in the virtual era BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 6 4 PRESENTATION The 1st Palaeontological Virtual Congress (1st PVC) is just the natural consequence of the evolution of our surrounding world, with the emergence of new technologies that allow a wide range of communication possibilities. Within this context, the 1st PVC represents the frst attempt in palaeontology to take advantage of these new possibilites being the frst international palaeontology congress developed in a virtual environment. This online congress is pioneer in palaeontology, offering an exclusively virtual-developed environment to researchers all around the globe. The simplicity of this new format, giving international projection to the palaeontological research carried out by groups with limited economic resources (expensive registration fees, travel, accomodation and maintenance expenses), is one of our main achievements. This new format combines the benefts of traditional meetings (i.e., providing a forum for discussion, including guest lectures, feld trips or the production of an abstract book) with the advantages of the online platforms, which allow to reach a high number of researchers along the world, promoting the participation of palaeontologists from developing countries.