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Paving the Path to Three Tier Spectrum Sharing

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Paving the Path to Three Tier Spectrum Sharing PAVING THE PATH TO THREE TIER SPECTRUM SHARING Manuel Uhm Chair of the Board of Directors, Wireless Innovation Forum Director of Marketing, National Instruments DySPAN 2017 Copyright © 2015 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved5 Ettus Research Overview • Leader in Software Defined Radio (SDR) and Signals Intelligence (SI) • Maker of Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP™) – more than 40,000 units shipped • Enables rapid development and deployment of SDR and cognitive radio systems • Supported by a strong software ecosystem, including National Instruments LabVIEW, GNURadio (open source, C++), MATLAB/Simulink by the MathWorks®, Xilinx® Vivado and Vivado HLS, VHDL and Verilog • DC-6 GHz, MIMO capability, Embedded, USB/GigE • Wireless Innovation Forum – 2010 Technology of the Year • Wireless Innovation Forum – 2014 International Achievement Award • About The Company • Founded in 2004 • Located in Santa Clara, CA – Silicon Valley • Acquired by National Instruments in 2010 Why Share Spectrum? • We have a spectrum efficiency problem, not a spectrum scarcity problem! • A key to maximizing the usage and value of RF spectrum • Starting to gain significant momentum worldwide • Used to lack a clear model on how to define and set up a system to enable spectrum sharing…that has now changed! • The FCC in the US has unanimously approved creation of the Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) which is now defining such a model • 150MHz band suitable for wireless broadband • Three tiers of shared use • The Wireless Innovation Forum (WINNF) is serving as the multistakeholder group to define the industry standards and procedures for coordinating use of the CBRS Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Understanding the “Spectrum Shortage” Slide 4 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved These Spectrum Measurement Studies Imply Inefficiencies Source: Wireless Innovation Forum, “Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Annual Report 2014”, http://groups.winnforum.org/d/d o/7881 Slide 5 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved PCAST Spectrum Report 20 July 2012 Report from the US Presidents Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) on “Realizing the Potential of Government-Held Spectrum to Spur Economic Growth.” • “The traditional practice of clearing and reallocating portions of the spectrum used by Federal agencies is not a sustainable model for spectrum policy” • “The essential element of this new Federal spectrum architecture is that the norm for spectrum use should be sharing, not exclusivity” 400MHz 5 GHz Total spectrum Identified: 1473.9MHz Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Adopting the PCAST Model • April 2015: FCC adopts three-tiered spectrum sharing architecture as proposed in the 2012 Report of the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST Report) • Utilizes “fast-track” band (3550-3700 MHz) identified by PCAST and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA, the regulator of U.S. federal government spectrum use) • Rules are optimized for small-cell use, but also accommodate point-to-point and point-to- multipoint, especially in rural areas 3550 3600 3650 3700 Incumbent Federal Radiolocation Incumbent FSS Rx-Only Earth Stations Incumbents Incumbent Wireless Priority Access License Broadband Service Priority Access License General Authorized Access ← 3GPP LTE Band 42 3GPP LTE Band 43 → General Authorized Access Slide 7 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Three-Tier Architecture • Tier 1: Incumbents • Tier 2: Priority Access Licenses • Tier 3: General Authorized Access • Tiers 2 & 3 are regulated under a new Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) • Citizens Broadband Radio Service Devices (CBSDs) are the fixed base stations/access points operating under this new service • CBSDs can only operate under the authority and management of a centralized Spectrum Access System • SAS manages interference to incumbents by Tiers 2 and 3, interference among Tier 2 devices, and interference from Tier 3 into Tier 2 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Incumbents • Military ship-borne radar • Operate in 3550-3650 MHz in coastal areas • Only 17 ships with current-generation radar in the world; about 75% of this total are homeported in Norfolk, VA, San Diego, CA, and Seattle, WA • Military ground-based radar • Occasional in-band operations in 3650-3700 MHz at three sites: St. Inigoes, MD, Pensacola, FL, and Pascagoula, MS • Below 3500 MHz radar operations at isolated military bases spread around U.S. • Fixed-satellite service earth stations (receive-only) • In-band: 35 sites around the U.S.; mostly coastal sites, limited to intercontinental international satellites • Adjacent band (3700-4200 MHz): Thousands of sites around U.S. • Protection criteria TBD (strict OOBE limits adopted to help protect adjacent band) • Wireless Broadband Services (3650-3700 MHz) • Many thousands around the country • These stations will be transitioned to Tier 2 or 3 operation after 5 years Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Priority Access License (PAL) ● Licensed by auction for three-year term ● License areas are census tracts o ~74,000 census tracts in U.S., each with ~4,000 pops ● One PAL = 10 MHz channel in one census tract ● Each census tract will have a maximum of seven and a minimum of 0 PALs ● PALs will be within 3550-3650 MHz ● Example use cases o Capacity/offload networks for established wireless service providers o QoS-managed enterprise networks o Utility networks o Backhaul o Wireless Broadband Service (after 5-year sunset on Part 90 3650-3700 MHz operations) Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved General Authorized Access (GAA) ● No interference protections; must protect incumbents and PALs ● No a priori bandwidth limit or license area ● May utilize unused PAL spectrum (“unused” to be defined) ● Minimum of 80 and maximum of 150 MHz of GAA spectrum in each area, subject to incumbent activity ● GAA can utilize any frequency in 3550-3700 MHz ● Licensed by rule ● Example use cases o Personal & small business hot spots o Campus hot spots o PAL offload during periods of incumbent activity interrupting PAL spectrum o Unprotected capacity/offload for established wireless providers o Wireless Broadband Services o Backhaul Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Spectrum Access System (SAS) Functional Architecture SAS 2 FCC Databases SAS-SAS Interface Acronyms: ESC: Environmental Sensing Capability Informing Incumbent Detection CBSD: Citizens Broadband Radio SAS 1 Service Device Incumbent (ESC) SAS: Spectrum Access System Notes: SAS-User Interface • A SAS may not need to support all interfaces. • Each CBSD domain may optionally include some sensing Domain Proxy capability (including possibly an ESC). Element Management System (EMS) (optional) CBSD Source: Wireless Innovation Sensing Forum, “SAS Functional (optional) Architecture”, CBSD CBSD CBSD CBSD http://groups.winnforum.org/d/d 1 2 3 4 o/8512 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved ESCs • Environmental Sensing Capability (ESCs) must monitor for incumbent radar activity in coastal areas and near inland military bases • When incumbent activity is detected, and ESC communicates that information to a SAS • The SAS or SASs will reconfigure local devices within 60 s to avoid interfering with incumbent radars • Current incumbent radar will impact at most two channels in one area • Area of impact is TBD, but will be ~tens of km in radius • There are only ~20 total radars around the world, and each operates infrequently Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Exclusion Zones: Initial/Worst Case 3550-3650 MHz (No ESC) Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Protection/Coord Zones: Typical 3650-3700 MHz (With ESC) Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Potential ESC Example: Ettus USRP E313 Power Over Ethernet (POE) DC-DC Lightning Protection E310 or E330 Thermally Connected to Enclosure for -40 – 71C operation Developing the Standards to Achieve the Vision The Wireless Innovation Forum Spectrum Sharing Committee Slide 17 Copyright © 2015 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved What is the Wireless Innovation Forum A nonprofit “mutual benefit corporation” dedicated to: “Advocating for Spectrum Innovation, and Advancing Radio Technologies Supporting Essential or Critical Communications Worldwide” Slide 18 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved The Forum Is Its Members And many more… Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Corporate Background Incorporated in California as a Non-profit Mutual Benefit Organization Registered with the US Government as a Standards Development organization under the National Cooperative Research and Production Act of 1993, as amended by the Standards Development Advancement Act of 2004 Slide 20 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Forum Structure Slide 8 Copyright © 2017 Software Defined Radio Forum, Inc. All Rights Reserved Participation to Date – 275+ People, 60+ Organizations Members Observers • Airspan Networks • LS Telcom • IEEE DySPAN-SC • Amdocs • MITRE • DMI for US DoD • Astrapi • Motorola
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