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Project CB006.1.31.115 „Produce organic – package ecologically “ Research on evaluation of the current situation and the potential of the region for organic farming, including identification of best practices Contracting Authority: “NIE – iNdependent Innovative unitEd” Contractor: Prime Consulting Ltd Contract title: „Research and expertise“ - CB006.1.31.115-PP2-2 1 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Programme Bulgaria-the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 3 1. Agro-ecological planning for organic production in Kyustendil district .......................................... 4 1.1. Research Methodology ................................................................................................................ 4 1.2. Climatic characteristics of Kyustendil district .............................................................................. 4 1.3 Agro-ecological zoning of Municipalities in Kyustendil district ................................................... 14 1. Agroecological zoning in municipality Bobov dol .................................................................. 16 2. Agroecological zoning Municipality Boboshevo .................................................................... 18 3. Agroecological zoning in the municipality of Kocherinovo ................................................... 21 4. Agroecological zoning in the municipality of Kyustendil ....................................................... 23 5. Agroecological zoning Municipality Nevestino ..................................................................... 25 6. Agroecological zoning in the municipality of Rila .................................................................. 27 7. Agroecological zoning in Sapareva banya ............................................................................. 29 8. Agroecological zoning in the municipality of Dupnitsa ......................................................... 31 9. Agroecological zoning in ObshtinaTreklyano ........................................................................ 33 1.4. Land evaluation of agricultural crops in the municipalities of Kyustendil ................................. 37 2. Climatic characteristics of North-east region of Macedonia ......................................................... 44 2.1 Soil types in North-east region of Macedonia ............................................................................. 46 2.2. Mapping of the region ................................................................................................................ 48 3. Market accessibility and barriers for expansion of organic production............................................ 60 3.1 Bulgaria .................................................................................................................................. 60 3.2 Republic of Macedonia .......................................................................................................... 62 4. Marketing channels and potential customers ................................................................................... 63 5. Best practices in organic farming ...................................................................................................... 68 Bibliography:........................................................................................................................................ 101 Annex 1 – List of organic producers in Kyustendil district and North-East Macedonia .................. 103 Annex 2 - Suitable land for organic farming in Kyustendil district .................................................. 107 2 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Programme Bulgaria-the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Introduction The research is executed within a project Project CB006.1.31.115 „Produce organic – package ecologically“, where “NIE – iNdependent Innovative unitEd” ( Bulgaria) is a partner of EGRI ( FYROM). The main objective is to analyze the available resources in the regions of Kyustendil district in Bulgaria and North-East region in Makedonia, predominantly having evaluation in depth of the soil conditions, and based on this to generate information which to be used by any interested in organic farming producer or organization. The maps of the region and municipalities, covered by the research are based on official information and might also be used for any decisions related to the type of production which the producers want to realize. The information about market accessibility is based on executed desk research, organized focus groups in both countries and interviews with stakeholders. The later has also participated in social experiment, where the audience has been given with the opportunity to taste 3 types of cheese – one of organic production, cheese produced in accordance with the national standard, and a product which imitates cheese, but does not contain milk. Video of the experiment is available on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GfbTtjLDMKU&feature=youtu.be The last part of the research includes 14 good practices, which are related to the organic farming. Their selection is based on preliminary defined criteria, as the aim is to show how the organic farming is possible to be started everywhere – it does not recognize borders, type of products vary a lot, and also the initial investment costs could be very limited. The examples are from all over the world and might give incentive for local producers. 3 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Programme Bulgaria-the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 1. Agro-ecological planning for organic production in Kyustendil district 1.1. Research Methodology Agroecological zoning in the municipalities of Kyustendil district- Bobov Dol, Boboshevo, Kocherinovo, Kyustendil, Nevestino, Rila, Sapareva banya, Dupnitsa and Treklyano was made based on certain environmental characteristics, basic of which are: - prevailing soil type; - availability of moisture and warmth in the area (vegetation period); - extreme manifestation of certain climatic factors; - altitude; - relief features and the like. In the papers presented were analyzed and described: - weather conditions; - Soil Resources; - agronomic suitability of land by municipalities for suatabile for the regions organic crops. For the purpose of the project the card for agro-environmental areas in Bulgaria was used, which is compiled from aggregated soil and climate information and is 1: 600,000 (Jolevski et al., 1980). Across the country there are 50 separated agro-environment area, of which 40 cover the agricultural fund, and 10 the forest one. Map of agro-environmental areas is digitized using advanced software programs and it allows the use of available digital information, adding new and visualization through the map material. The electronic map of Agro-environment areas (georeferenced) is imposed on municipal boundaries. The soil, climate and agro-climatic data was processed by GIS in order to spatially delineate the most homogeneous regions. So in each municipality there are formed from 2 to 3 and more areas. As noted above they are separated based on differences in soil and agro-climatic conditions. Information on soils is represented by "soil map of Bulgaria" in scale 1: 200 000. Climatic conditions are described, taking into account the most important indicators-air temperatures and rainfall. Data is geathered from weather and rain gauges from the study area. 1.2. Climatic characteristics of Kyustendil district The mentioned municfipalities are part of the transitional continental climatic sub-region. 4 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Programme Bulgaria-the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia In this sub-region, which lies entirely south of the Balkan Mountains, winter is markedly softer than in temperate continental sub-region, and the summer is generally hot. The rainfall regime also has continental character - with summer maximum and winter minimum. However, the difference between summer and winter rainfall is very low - averaging about 6-8% of their annual amount as in the southern parts of the subregion practically disappears. Moreover many local minima of precipitation already moved from the winter months - to August or September. All these features, together with a relatively mild winter and low snowfalls shows that the climate of this subregion as a transition between moderate continental North Bulgaria and mild climate of our most southern areas. For the differentiation of the climatic conditions in these areas play a special role primarily physiographic conditions in different parts of the transitional continental climatic zone. Kyustendil-Blagoevgrad climatic region covers the locations of the northern half of Strouma valley and includes the main Kyustendil, the Dupnitsa and Blagoevgradska field. The climatic conditions in the region is largely determined by his good protection not only from the west and east, but also from the north, where between Rila, Vitosha and Stara Planina the are many low and middle high mountain ranges. So the winter is relatively mild compared to the Sofia field, although it is only 60-70 km to the north. Summer is relatively warm for the altitude of the area and is relatively less cloudy. A characteristic feature is the internally annual distribution
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