DOCSLIB.ORG

A Thermoacoustic Engine Refrigerator System for Space Exploration Mission

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Thermoacoustic Engine Refrigerator System for Space Exploration Mission A THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM FOR SPACE EXPLORATION MISSION by SUDEEP SASTRY Submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation advisor: Dr. Jaikrishnan R. Kadambi Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May 2011 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of ______________________________________________________ candidate for the ________________________________degree *. (signed)_______________________________________________ (chair of the committee) ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ (date) _______________________ *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. सरवित नमतुयं वरदे कामरूिपिण । िवारभं किरयािम िसिभर्वतु मे सदा ॥ कमर्ण्येवािधकारते मा फलेषु कदाचन। मा कमर्फलहेतुभूर्मार् ते सोत्वऽकमर्िण॥ - Bhagavad Gītā To, My parents, and, my brother Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................. 1 LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................... 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................... 9 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. 11 NOMENCLATURE .................................................................................................... 13 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 18 1.1 MOTIVATION ............................................................................................................................ 18 1.2 OBJECTIVES .............................................................................................................................. 27 1.3 OUTLINE ................................................................................................................................... 28 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................ 29 2.1 EARLY HISTORY ....................................................................................................................... 29 2.2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE THERMOACOUSTIC THEORY ......................................................... 32 2.3 THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINES ................................................................................................. 34 2.4 THERMOACOUSTIC REFRIGERATORS .................................................................................... 35 2.5 STANDING WAVE AND TRAVELING WAVE SYSTEMS .......................................................... 36 2.6 THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE-REFRIGERATOR SYSTEMS ..................................................... 38 3. THERMOACOUSTICS: CONCEPTS AND THEORY ........................................ 40 1 3.1 THERMODYNAMICS ................................................................................................................. 40 3.2 THE THERMOACOUSTIC EFFECT ............................................................................................ 43 3.3 RELEVANT ACOUSTIC CONCEPTS ......................................................................................... 47 3.4 PRINCIPLE OF THERMOACOUSTICS ....................................................................................... 50 3.5 CRITICAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENT ................................................................................... 61 4. DESIGN: PARAMETRIC STUDY AND MODELING ........................................ 63 4.1 METHOD OF ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................... 63 4.2 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................................... 65 4.3 DESIGN OF THE THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE-REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM ......................... 66 4.4 LENGTH SCALES ...................................................................................................................... 67 4.6 PARAMETRIC STUDY OF THE SYSTEM .................................................................................... 69 4.7 SELECTION OF GAS ................................................................................................................. 71 4.8 DYNAMIC PRESSURE ................................................................................................................ 74 4.9 AVERAGE PRESSURE................................................................................................................ 75 4.10 FREQUENCY ........................................................................................................................... 78 4.11 OPTIMIZATION OF THE STACK ............................................................................................ 79 4.11.1 Stack Material ................................................................................................................... 80 4.11.2 Stack Location ................................................................................................................... 81 4.11.3 Stack Geometry .................................................................................................................. 82 4.11.4 Stack Spacing .................................................................................................................... 82 4.11.5 Stack Length ..................................................................................................................... 83 4.12 HEAT EXCHANGERS .............................................................................................................. 85 4.13 HEAT ADDITION TEMPERATURE ........................................................................................ 86 4.14 HEAT REJECTION TEMPERATURE ....................................................................................... 88 2 4.15 RESONATOR GEOMETRY ...................................................................................................... 89 5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .............................................................................. 91 5.1 DESIGN OF VENUS-HIGH-ALTITUDE SYSTEM ...................................................................... 91 5.2 OVERALL DESIGN ................................................................................................................... 93 5.3 DESIGN OF VENUS-SURFACE SYSTEM ................................................................................... 96 5.4 DESIGN CONSTRAINTS FOR VENUS-SURFACE SYSTEM ....................................................... 96 5.5 OVERALL DESIGN OF THE VENUS SURFACE SYSTEM ........................................................ 96 6. DESIGN OF A PROTOTYPE SYSTEM .............................................................. 104 6.1 CONSIDERATIONS FOR FABRICATION ................................................................................ 104 6.2 COMPONENTS OF THE ENGINE-REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM .............................................. 104 6.2.1 Engine Stack Material ...................................................................................................... 104 6.2.2 Refrigerator Stack Material ............................................................................................... 105 6.2.3 Engine Hot Heat Exchanger ............................................................................................ 105 6.2.4 Middle Heat Exchangers .................................................................................................. 106 6.2.5 Cold Heat Exchanger ....................................................................................................... 107 6.2.6 Resonator Geometry .......................................................................................................... 107 6.3 SUGGESTED MEASUREMENTS ............................................................................................. 110 7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................ 111 7.1 CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................................................................... 111 7.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE WORK ......................................................................... 113 APPENDIX A – AMBIENT HEAT EXCHANGER CALCULATIONS................. 115 APPENDIX B - OPTIMIZATION RESULTS OF GAS MIXTURE RATIO .......... 118 3 B.1 OPTIMIZATION USING HELIUM-ARGON GAS MIXTURE AS WORKING FLUID .............. 118 APPENDIX C - DELTAEC FILES .......................................................................... 123 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 137 4 List of Tables TABLE 4. 1: DESIGN CONDITIONS FOR THE THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE-REFRIGERATOR .... 66 TABLE 5.1: PARAMETERS OF THE THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM .......... 92 TABLE 5. 2: PARAMETERS OF THE THREE UNITS OF THE THERMOACOUSTIC ENGINE REFRIGERATOR
Load more

Recommended publications
  • EDL – Lessons Learned and Recommendations
    ."#!(*"# 0 1(%"##" !)"#!(*"#* 0 1"!#"("#"#(-$" ."!##("""*#!#$*#( "" !#!#0 1%"#"! /!##"*!###"#" #"#!$#!##!("""-"!"##&!%%!%&# $!!# %"##"*!%#'##(#!"##"#!$$# /25-!&""$!)# %"##!""*&""#!$#$! !$# $##"##%#(# ! "#"-! *#"!,021 ""# !"$!+031 !" )!%+041 #!( !"!# #$!"+051 # #$! !%#-" $##"!#""#$#$! %"##"#!#(- IPPW Enabled International Collaborations in EDL – Lessons Learned and Recommendations: Ethiraj Venkatapathy1, Chief Technologist, Entry Systems and Technology Division, NASA ARC, 2 Ali Gülhan , Department Head, Supersonic and Hypersonic Technologies Department, DLR, Cologne, and Michelle Munk3, Principal Technologist, EDL, Space Technology Mission Directorate, NASA. 1 NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA [email protected]. 2 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), German Aerospace Center, [email protected] 3 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampron, VA. [email protected] Abstract of the Proposed Talk: One of the goals of IPPW has been to bring about international collaboration. Establishing collaboration, especially in the area of EDL, can present numerous frustrating challenges. IPPW presents opportunities to present advances in various technology areas. It allows for opportunity for general discussion. Evaluating collaboration potential requires open dialogue as to the needs of the parties and what critical capabilities each party possesses. Understanding opportunities for collaboration as well as the rules and regulations that govern collaboration are essential. The authors of this proposed talk have explored and established collaboration in multiple areas of interest to IPPW community. The authors will present examples that illustrate the motivations for the partnership, our common goals, and the unique capabilities of each party. The first example involves earth entry of a large asteroid and break-up. NASA Ames is leading an effort for the agency to assess and estimate the threat posed by large asteroids under the Asteroid Threat Assessment Project (ATAP).
    [Show full text]
  • Sanjay Limaye US Lead-Investigator Ludmila Zasova Russian Lead-Investigator Steering Committee K
    Answer to the Call for a Medium-size mission opportunity in ESA’s Science Programme for a launch in 2022 (Cosmic Vision 2015-2025) EuropEan VEnus ExplorEr An in-situ mission to Venus Eric chassEfièrE EVE Principal Investigator IDES, Univ. Paris-Sud Orsay & CNRS Universite Paris-Sud, Orsay colin Wilson Co-Principal Investigator Dept Atm. Ocean. Planet. Phys. Oxford University, Oxford Takeshi imamura Japanese Lead-Investigator sanjay Limaye US Lead-Investigator LudmiLa Zasova Russian Lead-Investigator Steering Committee K. Aplin (UK) S. Lebonnois (France) K. Baines (USA) J. Leitner (Austria) T. Balint (USA) S. Limaye (USA) J. Blamont (France) J. Lopez-Moreno (Spain) E. Chassefière(F rance) B. Marty (France) C. Cochrane (UK) M. Moreira (France) Cs. Ferencz (Hungary) S. Pogrebenko (The Neth.) F. Ferri (Italy) A. Rodin (Russia) M. Gerasimov (Russia) J. Whiteway (Canada) T. Imamura (Japan) C. Wilson (UK) O. Korablev (Russia) L. Zasova (Russia) Sanjay Limaye Ludmilla Zasova Eric Chassefière Takeshi Imamura Colin Wilson University of IKI IDES ISAS/JAXA University of Oxford Wisconsin-Madison Laboratory of Planetary Space Science and Spectroscopy Univ. Paris-Sud Orsay & Engineering Center Space Research Institute CNRS 3-1-1, Yoshinodai, 1225 West Dayton Street Russian Academy of Sciences Universite Paris-Sud, Bat. 504. Sagamihara Dept of Physics Madison, Wisconsin, Profsoyusnaya 84/32 91405 ORSAY Cedex Kanagawa 229-8510 Parks Road 53706, USA Moscow 117997, Russia FRANCE Japan Oxford OX1 3PU Tel +1 608 262 9541 Tel +7-495-333-3466 Tel 33 1 69 15 67 48 Tel +81-42-759-8179 Tel 44 (0)1-865-272-086 Fax +1 608 235 4302 Fax +7-495-333-4455 Fax 33 1 69 15 49 11 Fax +81-42-759-8575 Fax 44 (0)1-865-272-923 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] European Venus Explorer – Cosmic Vision 2015 – 2025 List of EVE Co-Investigators NAME AFFILIATION NAME AFFILIATION NAME AFFILIATION AUSTRIA Migliorini, A.
    [Show full text]
  • Vexag/ Completed
    Planetary Science Sub-committee Meeting 8 April 2010 http://www.lpi.usra.edu/vexag/ Completed: Upcoming: 8 April 2010 PSS Meeting: VEXAG Status Limaye - 2 • Venus Express is operating normally. ESA has approved extension through end of 2012. Orbit change from 24 hour period to 12 hour being planned which will enable spacecraft operations through ~ 2015. • JAXA’s Akatsuki (Venus Climate Orbiter) spacecraft is now at the launch site. Launch window opens May 18, 2010. Expected to arrive at Venus in December 2010 and observe Venus from a 172 degree eccentric, 30 hour orbit. 8 April 2010 PSS Meeting: VEXAG Status Limaye - 3 Future International Venus Exploration Efforts • European Venus Explorer, a balloon mission undergoing preliminary studies in Europe for a proposal to be developed for the next round of Cosmic Vision Program in ~ 2011. • Venera D is mission concept (Balloons, landers, orbiter) being studied in Russia for potential launch after 2016. Informal overtures being made to ISRO to promote potential interest in missions to Venus. A mission to Mars in 2013-2015 is under consideration by ISRO. ISRO appears interested in considering Venus as a future target 8 April 2010 PSS Meeting: VEXAG Status Limaye - 4 Status No missions to Venus have been selected so far for implementation in NASA’s Discovery, despite proposals deemed selectable The rich science questions about Venus, spanning from surface, interior, atmosphere, and ionosphere, will require many missions for answers. No large, multi-element mission to Venus is likely before 2020. Technology development, including precursor missions, is needed to enable many key missions for Venus.
    [Show full text]
  • COSMIC VISION 2015-2025 TECHNOLOGY PLAN Programme
    COSMIC VISION 2015-2025 TECHNOLOGY PLAN Programme of Work 2008-2011 and related Procurement Plan SUMMARY The present document presents the currently proposed activities in the Basic Technology Programme (TRP), the Science Core Technology Programme (CTP), the General Support Technology Programme (GSTP) and suggested national initiatives supporting the implementation of the first slice of ESA’s Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Plan. Page 2 Page 2 - Intentionally left blank Page 3 1. Background and Scope This document provides an update to the Cosmic Vision 1525 (CV1525) ESA Science Programme future missions technology preparation plan, first issued last year as ESA/IPC(2008)33, add1. This plan is submitted to the June 2009 SPC. The evolution of the CV1525 programme is taken into account, – essentially SPC recent decision to include Solar Orbiter as Medium (M) class mission and the outer planet Large (L) mission down-selection - the findings of the associated system study activities and the progress with the international coordination. The plan covers the period 2008-2011 for both the L/M missions under assessment and the future science mission themes. 2. Cosmic Vision Plan 2015-2025 2.1 Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 plan Evolution The Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 plan consists of a number of “Science Questions” to be addressed in the course of the 2015-2025 decade. The future space missions to be implemented to this purpose would result from competitive Announcements of Opportunity (AO hereafter) and following down selection processes. Three AOs were foreseen, defining the three “slices” of the plan. The down selection review and decision process is described in ESA/SPC(2009)3, rev.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Venus L2/L3 White Paper Colin Wilson 23 May 2013
    Venus L2/L3 White Paper Colin Wilson 23 May 2013 Venus: Key to understanding the evolution of terrestrial planets A response to ESA’s Call for White Papers for the Definition of Science Themes for L2/L3 Missions in the ESA Science Programme. ? Spokesperson: Colin Wilson Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Venus L2/L3 White Paper Colin Wilson 23 May 2013 Executive summary In this White Paper, we advocate L2/L3 science themes of understanding the diversity and evolution of habitable planets, and emphasize the importance of Venus to these science themes. Why are the terrestrial planets so different from each other? Venus should be the most Earth-like of all our planetary neighbours. Its size, bulk composition and distance from the Sun are very similar to those of the Earth. Its original atmosphere was probably similar to that of early Earth, with large atmospheric abundances of carbon dioxide and water. Furthermore, the young sun’s fainter output may have permitted a liquid water ocean on the surface. While on Earth a moderate climate ensued, Venus experienced runaway greenhouse warming, which led to its current hostile climate. How and why did it all go wrong for Venus? What lessons can we learn about the life story of terrestrial planets/exoplanets in general, whether in our solar system or in others? ESA’s Venus Express mission has proved tremendously successful, answering many questions about Earth’s sibling planet and establishing European leadership in Venus research. However, further understanding of Venus and its history requires several further lines of investigation.
    [Show full text]
  • Atmospheric Planetary Probes And
    SPECIAL ISSUE PAPER 1 Atmospheric planetary probes and balloons in the solar system A Coustenis1∗, D Atkinson2, T Balint3, P Beauchamp3, S Atreya4, J-P Lebreton5, J Lunine6, D Matson3,CErd5,KReh3, T R Spilker3, J Elliott3, J Hall3, and N Strange3 1LESIA, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon, Meudon Cedex, France 2Department Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA 3Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA 4University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 5ESA/ESTEC, AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands 6Dipartment di Fisica, University degli Studi di Roma, Rome, Italy The manuscript was received on 28 January 2010 and was accepted after revision for publication on 5 November 2010. DOI: 10.1177/09544100JAERO802 Abstract: A primary motivation for in situ probe and balloon missions in the solar system is to progressively constrain models of its origin and evolution. Specifically, understanding the origin and evolution of multiple planetary atmospheres within our solar system would provide a basis for comparative studies that lead to a better understanding of the origin and evolution of our Q1 own solar system as well as extra-solar planetary systems. Hereafter, the authors discuss in situ exploration science drivers, mission architectures, and technologies associated with probes at Venus, the giant planets and Titan. Q2 Keywords: 1 INTRODUCTION provide significant design challenge, thus translating to high mission complexity, risk, and cost. Since the beginning of the space age in 1957, the This article focuses on the exploration of planetary United States, European countries, and the Soviet bodies with sizable atmospheres, using entry probes Union have sent dozens of spacecraft, including and aerial mobility systems, namely balloons.
    [Show full text]
  • Planetary Probes
    Planetary probes: ESA Perspective Jean-Pierre Lebreton ESA’s Huygens Project Scientist/Mission Manager ESA’s EJSM & TSSM Cosmic Vision Study Scientist Solar System Missions Division Research and Scientific Support Department ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands Science Directorate (till June 14) Science and Robotic Exploration Directorate (Since June 15) Support Material provided by: A. Chicarro, D. Koschny, J. Vago, O. Witasse International Planetary Probe Workshop#6 June 23-27, 2008, Atlanta, CA 1 ESA Organisation •Latest organigramme; • Highlight SER, HSF, TEC, OPS • Science and Robotic Exploration programme • Aurora programme • Technology Research Activities; including technology demonstration missions 2 ESA/HQ ESA/ESTEC ESA/ESOC ESA/CSG Guyana ESA/ESRIN ESA/EAC 3 ESA/ESAC ESA’s science programme sci.esa.int • Solar System missions (planetary missions in read) • Cluster (4-spacecraft flotilla, ESA/NASA, 2000-) • SOHO (ESA/NASA, 1995-) • Ulysses (1991-2008, ESA/NASA) • Cassini-Huygens (NASA/ESA, 1997-2010; 2010 + ?) • Mars Express (2003-, ESA/NASA) • Venus Express (2006-, ESA/NASA) • Rosetta (2002-2014; Steins:5 Sept, CG in 2013-2014, ESA/NASA) • Bepi-Colombo (ESA/JAXA, in development; under review) • Exomars (ESA/NASA, in development, launch planned in 2013) 4 ESA’s science programme sci.esa.int • Astronomy Mission • Herchel/Planck (launch planned end 2008; ESA/NASA) • LISA Pathfinder (ESA/NASA, launch planned in 2010-11) • JSWT (NASA/ESA, launch planned in 2012) • Gaia (ESA, launch planned 2012) • Missions in cooperation • Hinode (JAXA/ESA)
    [Show full text]
  • Portuguese SKA White Book
    Portuguese SKA White Book Title Portuguese SKA White Book Cover Image credit: Square Kilometre Array Organisation Editorial Board Domingos Barbosa (Instituto de Telecomunicações) Sonia Antón (Universidade of Aveiro, Instituto de Telecomunicações) João Paulo Barraca (Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade of Aveiro) Miguel Bergano (Instituto de Telecomunicações) Alexandre Correia (Universidade de Coimbra) Dalmiro Maia (Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto) Valério Ribeiro (Instituto de Telecomunicações, Universidade de Aveiro) Publisher UA Editora – Universidade de Aveiro ISBN 978-972-789-637-0 Agradecemos o apoio financeiro da Infraestrutura de Investigação E-Ciência Sustentável com o Square Kilometre Array (ENGAGE SKA), referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022217, financiada pelo Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (COMPETE 2020) e pela Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, o apoio do Instituto de Telecomunicações, da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, da Universidade de Aveiro, da Universidade de Coimbra e do TICE.PT. Este trabalho foi tambem apoiado pela FCT e MCTES através de fundos nacionais e quando aplicável cofinanciado pelo FEDER, no âmbito do Acordo de Parceria PT2020 no âmbito do projeto UID/EEA/50008/2019 e projectos UIDB/50008/2020-UIDP/50008/2020. We acknowledge financial support from Enabling Green E-science for the Square Kilometre Array Research Infrastructure (ENGAGE SKA), grant POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022217, funded by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (COMPETE 2020) and FCT, Portugal, and support from Instituto de Telecomunicações, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, University of Coimbra, University of Aveiro and TICE.PT. This work was also funded by the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES) through national funds and when applicable co-funded EU funds under the project UIDB/50008/2020-UIDP/50008/2020 and UID/EEA/50008/2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Venus Exploration Goals, Objectives, Investigations, and Priorities: 2007
    Venus Exploration Goals, Objectives, Investigations, and Priorities: 2007 A Report of the Venus Exploration Analysis Group (VEXAG) October 2007 VEXAG is NASA’s community-based forum, which provides science input for planning and prioritizing Venus exploration for the next few decades. VEXAG is chartered by NASA Headquarters Planetary Science Division and reports its findings to both the Division and to the Planetary Science Sub-Committee of the NASA Advisory Council. VEXAG, which is open to all interested scientists and engineers, regularly evaluates Venus exploration goals, objectives, investigations and priorities on the basis of the widest possible community outreach. http://www.lpi.usra.edu/vexag Front cover is a collage showing Venus at optical wavelength, the Magellan spacecraft, and artists’ concepts for a Venus Balloon, the Venus In-Situ Explorer, and the Venus Mobile Explorer. Venus Exploration Goals, Objectives, Investigations, and Priorities: 2007 VEXAG (Venus Exploration Analysis Group) October 2007 Prepared by the VEXAG (Venus Exploration Analysis Group) Organizing Committee: Janet Luhmann, VEXAG Co-Chair, University of California, Berkeley, California ([email protected]) Sushil Atreya, VEXAG Co-Chair, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan ([email protected]) Steve Mackwell, Focus Group Lead for Planetary Formation and Evolution, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, Texas ([email protected]) Kevin Baines, Focus Group Lead for Atmospheric Evolution, JPL, Pasadena, California ([email protected]) James Cutts, Focus Group Lead for Venus Exploration Technologies, JPL, Pasadena, California ([email protected]) Adriana Ocampo, Venus Program Executive, NASA Headquarters, Washington DC. ([email protected]) Other supporting members of the VEXAG Organizing Committee are: Tibor Balint, JPL; Mark Bullock, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, Colorado; Larry Esposito, LASP, University of Colorado; Ellen Stofan, Proxemy, Inc.; Tommy Thompson, JPL.
    [Show full text]
  • Workshop Program (PDF)
    SUMMARY ABSTRACTS An International Workshop on Venus, Our Closest Earth­like Planet: From Surface to Thermosphere ­ How does it Work? Madison, Wisconsin 30 August – 2 September 2010 Organizing Committee Suhil Atreya Mark Bullock Curt Covey David Grinspoon Sanjay Limaye Paul Menzel Franck Montmessin Sue Smrekar Convenors: Sue Smrekar and Sanjay Limaye (VEXAG Co‐Chairs) Adriana C. Ocampo (NASA HQ) PROGRAM Sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration VEXAG Workshop Venus Atmosphere from surface to thermosphere 3 The need for this workshop was recognized and conceived during the 2008 and 2009 VEXAG meetings and follows the first workshop on Venus Geochemistry held in Houston, Texas in March 2009. It also follows the launch of Akatsuki by JAXA on 21 May 2010 and the Venus Express workshop in June 2010 organized by ESA. The workshop occurs during the open period of NASA’s Discovery Program solicitation. It is anticipated that several proposals targeting extensive studies of Venus will be submitted. In addition, SAGE, a New Frontiers mission is under further study. Simultaneously several Venus mission concepts are also being developed in Russia and in Europe for ESA’s Cosmic Vision Program. Therefore, I believe it is vital to foster coordinated efforts through an international dialog that will enhance and maximize the scientific returns. Almost sixty abstracts have been submitted on the atmosphere of Venus and its surface interactions, as well as new ideas for future Venus exploration initiatives to obtain observations that will provide a better understanding of Venus’ evolution and climate. The workshop will also promote comparative climate studies of terrestrial planets in our own solar system and beyond.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation
    DISSERTATION Titel der Dissertation „Exotic Life and the Life Supporting Zone as a Basis for the Search for Extraterrestrial Life“ Verfasser Mag.rer.nat. Johannes Leitner angestrebter akademischer Grad Doktor der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) Wien, 2014 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 091 413 Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt: Astronomie Betreuerin / Betreuer: Ao. Univ.-Prof. i.R. tit. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Maria G. Firneis 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 3 Abbreviations used in this thesis 5 1. Introduction and Overview 6 1.1 From Classical to Exotic Life 7 1.1.1 Description of the work done by the present author 7 1.2 From the Habitable to the Life Supporting Zone 11 1.2.1 Description of the work done by the present author 16 1.3 CETI/LINCOS – Limits of Mathematical Languages 21 1.3.1 Description of the work done by the present author 21 2. Peer-reviewed Manuscripts 22 The Need of a Non-Earth Centric Concept of Life 23 Simulations of Prebiotic Chemistry under Post-Impact Conditions on Titan 34 The HADES Mission Concept – Astrobiological Survey of Jupiter’s Icy 46 Moon Europa Development of a Model to Compute the Extension of Life Supporting 55 Zones for Earth-Like Exoplanets The Life Supporting Zone of Kepler-22b and the Kepler Planetary 63 Candidates: KOI268.01, KOI701.03, KOI854.0 and KOI1026.01 The Outer Limit of the Life Supporting Zone of Exoplanets Having CO2-Rich 73 Atmospheres: Virtual Exoplanets and Kepler Planetary Candidates The Evolution of LINCOS: A language for Cosmic Interpretation 83 3. Discussion and Summary 88 Abstract (in English) 94 Abstract (in German) 96 List of Tables 98 List of Figures 99 References 100 Curriculum Vitae 104 2 Acknowledgements I want to express my gratitude to Univ.-Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • European Venus Explorer (EVE) Was Seen by the SSWG As an Attractive Mission Which Was Highly Ranked Scientifically
    EEuurrooppeeaann VVeennuuss EExxpplloorreerr : an in- situ mission to Venus using a balloon platform E. Chassefière (PI), O. Korablev (Co-PI), T. Imamura (Co-PI), K. Baines (Co-PI), C. Wilson (Co-PI), K. Aplin, T. Balint, J. Blamont, C. Cochrane, Cs Ferencz, F. Ferri, M. Gerasimov, J. Leitner, Lopez-Moreno, B. Marty, M. Martynov, S. Pogrebenko, A. Rodin, D. Titov, J. Whiteway, L. Zasova and the EVE team. Presentation at the 37th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, July 13-20 2008, Montreal, Canada Why to go to →→ VEVENNUUSS IISS TTHHEE MMIISSSSIINNGG Venus ? LLIINNKK Need for a unified scenario of terrestrial planet formation and evolution ➥ Necessary step toward interpreting future extrasolar Earth-like planet observations ➥ Venus : a key to our understanding of habitability and potential for life on Earth-like planets Strong need for an in situ mission to understand the evolution and climate of Venus In situ measurements needed for many Why purposes e.g. : • Isotopic ratios of noble gases, EVE? • Cloud/lower atmosphere chemistry cycles… (2 years) How? (7 days) • Unified model of the formation JAXA and evolution of terrestrial planets balloon (optional) • Stability of the current climate Descent probe • Chemical/radiative processes in (1h30) and below the clouds • Geological history of Venus With which goals? • Atmospheric dynamics • Electrical processes Baseline science return : evolution In situ measurement from the balloon of noble gas abundances and stable isotope ratios, to study the record of the evolution of Venus. From Pepin and Porcelli,
    [Show full text]