Metabolic and Transcriptional Elucidation of the Carotenoid
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Association Between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat
nutrients Article Association between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat Mai Matsumoto 1,*, Hiroyuki Suganuma 1 , Naoki Ozato 2,3 , Sunao Shimizu 1,4,5 , Mitsuhiro Katashima 2,3, Yoshihisa Katsuragi 2,3, Tatsuya Mikami 5, Ken Itoh 4,6 and Shigeyuki Nakaji 5,7 1 Innovation Division, KAGOME CO. LTD., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2762, Japan; [email protected] (H.S.); [email protected] (S.S.) 2 Department of Active Life Promotion Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; [email protected] (N.O.); [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (Y.K.) 3 Health & Wellness Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan 4 Department of Vegetable Life Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; [email protected] 5 Innovation Center for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; [email protected] (T.M.); [email protected] (S.N.) 6 Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan 7 Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-80-1581-1874 Abstract: Consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids has been widely reported to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations Citation: Matsumoto, M.; Suganuma, and visceral fat area (VFA), which is considered a better predictor of cardiovascular diseases than H.; Ozato, N.; Shimizu, S.; Katashima, the body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, remains unclear. -
Genetics and Molecular Biology of Carotenoid Pigment Biosynthesis
SERIAL REVIEW CAROTENOIDS 2 Genetics and molecular biology of carotenoid pigment biosynthesis GREGORY A. ARMSTRONG,’1 AND JOHN E. HEARSTt 5frtitute for Plant Sciences, Plant Genetics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland; and tDePai.tment of Chemistry, University of California, and Structural Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA The two major functions of carotenoids in photosyn- carotenoid biosynthesis from a molecular genetic thetic microorganisms and plants are the absorption of standpoint.-Armstrong, G. A., Hearst, J. E. Genet- energy for use in photosynthesis and the protection of ics and molecular biology of carotenoid pigment chlorophyll from photodamage. The synthesis of vari- biosynthesis. F14SEBJ. 10, 228-237 (1996) ous carotenoids, therefore, is a crucial metabolic proc- ess underlying these functions. In this second review, Key Words: phytoene lycopene cyclization cyclic xanthophylLs the nature of these biosynthetic pathways is discussed xanlhophyll glycosides’ 3-carotene provitamin A in detail. In their elucidation, molecular biological techniques as well as conventional enzymology have CAROTENOIDS REPRESENT ONE OF THE most fascinating, played key roles. The reasons for some of the ci.s-t Tans abundant, and widely distributed classes of natural pig- isomerizations in the pathway are obscure, however, ments. Photosynthetic organisms from anoxygenic photo- and much still needs to be learned about the regula- synthetic bacteria through cyanobacteria, algae, and tion of carotenoid biosynthesis. Recent important find- higher plants, as well as numerous nonphotosynthetic ings, as summarized in this review, have laid the bacteria and fungi, produce carotenoids (1). Among groundwork for such studies. higher plants, these pigments advertise themselves in flowers, fruits, and storage roots exemplified by the yel- -James Olson, Coordinating Editor low, orange, and red pigments of daffodils, carrots and to- matoes, respectively. -
Meet Lycopene Prostate Cancer Is One of the Leading Causes of Cancer Death Among Men in the United States
UCLA Nutrition Noteworthy Title Lycopene and Mr. Prostate: Best Friends Forever Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5ks510rw Journal Nutrition Noteworthy, 5(1) Author Simzar, Soheil Publication Date 2002 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Meet Lycopene Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among men in the United States. Dietary factors are considered an important risk factor for the development of prostate cancer in addition to age, genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and other lifestyle factors such as smoking. Recent studies have indicated that there is a direct correlation between the occurrence of prostate cancer and the consumption of tomatoes and tomato-based products. Lycopene, one of over 600 carotenoids, is one of the main carotenoids found in human plasma and it is responsible for the red pigment found in tomatoes and other foods such as watermelons and red grapefruits. It has been shown to be a very potent antioxidant, with oxygen-quenching ability greater than any other carotenoid. Recent research has indicated that its antioxidant effects help lower the risk of heart disease, atherosclerosis, and different types of cancer-especially prostate cancer. Lycopene's Characteristics Lycopene is on of approximately 600 known carotenoids. Carotenoids are red, yellow, and orange pigments which are widely distributed in nature and are especially abundant in yellow- orange fruits and vegetables and dark green, leafy vegetables. They absorb light in the 400- 500nm region which gives them a red/yellow color. Only green plants and certain microorganisms such as fungi and algae can synthesize these pigments. -
Dietary Factors That Affect Carotenoid Bioavailability' Van Karin H
Dietaryfactor stha taffec t carotenoid bioavailability KarinH .va n hetHo f Promotoren: Dr. J.G.A.J. Hautvast Hoogleraar ind e leer van devoedin g en gezondheid, Landbouwuniversiteit Wageningen Dr. C.E. West Universitair hoofddocent aan de afdeling Humane Voeding en Epidemiologie, Departement Levensmiddelentechnologiee n Voedingswetenschappen, Landbouwuniversiteit Wageningen Visiting Professor of International Nutrition, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta GA, USA Co-promotor: Dr. Ir.J.A . Weststrate Unilever Research Vlaardingen /J r'. Stellingen behorend bij het proefschrift 'Dietary factors that affect carotenoid bioavailability' van Karin H. van het Hof. Wageningen,4 jun i 1999. 1. "Natuurlijk" wordt vaak ten onrechte verward met gezond; wat betreft de biobeschikbaarheid van carotenoTden zijn juist de "onnatuurlijke" en technologisch bewerkte bronnen beter (ditproefschrift). 2. Optimalisatie van de biobeschikbaarheid van carotenoTden is geen geldig excuus voor eenvetrijk e maaltijd (ditproefschrift). 3. Homogenisatie verbetert de biobeschikbaarheid van carotenoTden uit groenten. De Hollandse stamppot isdaaro mz o slecht nog niet (ditproefschrift). 4. Een beperking in de aanwezigheid van gevalideerde biomarkers en gevoelige analysemethoden is een limiterende factor voor de vooruitgang in de voedingswetenschap. 5. Het gebruik van functional foods noopt tot een verdergaande individualisering van het eetgedrag. 6. Zolang een meerderheid van de vrouwen valt op mannen die ouder en minstens even intelligent zijn alszijzelf , vindt emancipatie aan deto p van organisaties geendoorgang . 7. Voor sommige mensen veroorzaakt de stiptheid van de Nederlandse Spoorwegen meerstres s danzij nvertragingen . OM'V ?0' , Dietaryfactor stha t affect carotenoid bioavailability Katharina Henrietteva n hetHo f Proefschrift ter verkrijging van degraa dva n doctor op gezag van de rector magnificus, vand e Landbouwuniversiteit Wageningen, dr. -
Sources of Carotenoids and Their Uses As Animal Feed
Scientific Papers. Series D. Animal Science. Vol. LXI, Number 2, 2018 ISSN 2285-5750; ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5769; ISSN Online 2393-2260; ISSN-L 2285-5750 important role in molecular processes of cell molecules, joined in a head to tail pattern membranes whose structure, properties and (Mattea, 2009; Domonkos, 2013). Structurally, SOURCES OF CAROTENOIDS AND THEIR USES stability can be modified, leading to possible carotenoids take the form of a polyene chain AS ANIMAL FEED ADDITIVES – A REVIEW beneficial effects on human health (Zaheer, that functions as a chromophore, due to 9-11 2017). conjugated double bonds and possibly Diana PASARIN, Camelia ROVINARU Out of high production and marketability terminating in rings, what determines their reasons, carotenoids are present in the animal characteristic color in the yellow to red range National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry kingdom, playing functions such as coloring (Vershinin, 1999). The presence of different 202 Spl. Independentei, Bucharest, Romania (pets/ornamental birds and fish, mimicking), number of conjugated double bounds leades to flavoring (scents and pollination in nature), various stereoisomers abbreviated as E- and Z- Corresponding author email: [email protected] reproduction (bird feathers and finding mates; isomers, depending on whether the double development of embryos), resistance to bonds are in the trans (E) or cis (Z) Abstract bacterial and fungal diseases, immune configuration (Vincente et al., 2017). responses (lutein connected to anti- Carotenoids are synthesized by all Carotenoids are natural pigments, widely distributed in nature, synthesized by plants, algae, fungi, and phototrophic bacteria. Carotenoids have coloring power and antioxidant properties, being used as colorants for foods, cosmetics and inflammatory natural substance in poultry), as photosynthetic organisms and some non- feeds. -
Egg Consumption and Human Health
nutrients Egg Consumption and Human Health Edited by Maria Luz Fernandez Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Nutrients www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients Egg Consumption and Human Health Special Issue Editor Maria Luz Fernandez MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade Special Issue Editor Maria Luz Fernandez University of Connecticut USA Editorial Office MDPI AG St. Alban-Anlage 66 Basel, Switzerland This edition is a reprint of the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643) in 2015–2016 (available at: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients/special issues/egg-consumption-human-health). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: Lastname, F.M.; Lastname, F.M. Article title. Journal Name. Year. Article number, page range. First Edition 2018 ISBN 978-3-03842-666-0 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03842-667-7 (PDF) Articles in this volume are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book taken as a whole is c 2018 MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Table of Contents About the Special Issue Editor ...................................... v Preface to ”Egg Consumption and Human Health” .......................... vii Jose M. Miranda, Xaquin Anton, Celia Redondo-Valbuena, Paula Roca-Saavedra, Jose A. -
Synthèse Organique D'apo-Lycopénoïdes, Étude Des
Synthèse organique d’apo-lycopénoïdes, étude des propriétés antioxydantes et de complexation avec l’albumine de sérum humain Eric Reynaud To cite this version: Eric Reynaud. Synthèse organique d’apo-lycopénoïdes, étude des propriétés antioxydantes et de com- plexation avec l’albumine de sérum humain. Sciences agricoles. Université d’Avignon, 2009. Français. NNT : 2009AVIG0231. tel-00870922 HAL Id: tel-00870922 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870922 Submitted on 8 Oct 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ACADEMIE D’AIX-MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE D’AVIGNON ET DES PAYS DE VAUCLUSE THESE présentée pour obtenir le grade de Docteur en Sciences de l’Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse SPECIALITE : Chimie SYNTHESE ORGANIQUE D'APO-LYCOPENOÏDES ETUDE DES PROPRIETES ANTIOXYDANTES ET DE COMPLEXATION AVEC L'ALBUMINE DE SERUM HUMAIN par Eric REYNAUD soutenue le 23 novembre 2009 devant un jury composé de Hanspeter PFANDER Professeur, Université de Berne (Suisse) Rapporteur Catherine BELLE Chargée de recherche, CNRS Grenoble Rapporteur Paul-Henri DUCROT Directeur de recherche, INRA Versailles Examinateur Patrick BOREL Directeur de recherche, INRA Marseille Examinateur Olivier DANGLES Professeur, Université Avignon Directeur de thèse Catherine CARIS-VEYRAT Chargée de recherche, INRA Avignon Directeur de thèse Ecole doctorale 306 UMR 408, SQPOV A Je remercie l’ensemble du jury pour avoir accepté de juger ce travail : -Pr. -
Enhanced Lycopene Production in Escherichia Coli by Expression of Two MEP Pathway Enzymes from Vibrio Sp
catalysts Article Enhanced Lycopene Production in Escherichia coli by Expression of Two MEP Pathway Enzymes from Vibrio sp. Dhg 1, 1, 1 1, Min Jae Kim y, Myung Hyun Noh y , Sunghwa Woo , Hyun Gyu Lim * and Gyoo Yeol Jung 1,2,* 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea; [email protected] (M.J.K.); [email protected] (M.H.N.); [email protected] (S.W.) 2 School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.G.L.); [email protected] (G.Y.J.); Tel.: +82-54-279-2391 (G.Y.J.) These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 28 October 2019; Accepted: 26 November 2019; Published: 29 November 2019 Abstract: Microbial production is a promising method that can overcome major limitations in conventional methods of lycopene production, such as low yields and variations in product quality. Significant efforts have been made to improve lycopene production by engineering either the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway or mevalonate (MVA) pathway in microorganisms. To further improve lycopene production, it is critical to utilize metabolic enzymes with high specific activities. Two enzymes, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (Dxs) and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (IspA), are required in lycopene production using MEP pathway. Here, we evaluated the activities of Dxs and IspA of Vibrio sp. dhg, a newly isolated and fast-growing microorganism. -
Vitamins a and E and Carotenoids
Fat-Soluble Vitamins & Micronutrients: Vitamins A and E and Carotenoids Vitamins A (retinol) and E (tocopherol) and the carotenoids are fat-soluble micronutrients that are found in many foods, including some vegetables, fruits, meats, and animal products. Fish-liver oils, liver, egg yolks, butter, and cream are known for their higher content of vitamin A. Nuts and seeds are particularly rich sources of vitamin E (Thomas 2006). At least 700 carotenoids—fat-soluble red and yellow pigments—are found in nature (Britton 2004). Americans consume 40–50 of these carotenoids, primarily in fruits and vegetables (Khachik 1992), and smaller amounts in poultry products, including egg yolks, and in seafoods (Boylston 2007). Six major carotenoids are found in human serum: alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, trans-lycopene, and zeaxanthin. Major carotene sources are orange-colored fruits and vegetables such as carrots, pumpkins, and mangos. Lutein and zeaxanthin are also found in dark green leafy vegetables, where any orange coloring is overshadowed by chlorophyll. Trans-Lycopene is obtained primarily from tomato and tomato products. For information on the carotenoid content of U.S. foods, see the 1998 carotenoid database created by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Nutrition Coordinating Center at the University of Minnesota (http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/car98/car98.html). Vitamin A, found in foods that come from animal sources, is called preformed vitamin A. Some carotenoids found in colorful fruits and vegetables are called provitamin A; they are metabolized in the body to vitamin A. Among the carotenoids, beta-carotene, a retinol dimer, has the most significant provitamin A activity. -
Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine Page 0
77:222 Spring 2005 Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine Page 0 This student paper was written as an assignment in the graduate course Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine (77:222, Spring 2005) offered by the Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program B-180 Med Labs The University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242-1181 Spring 2005 Term Instructors: GARRY R. BUETTNER, Ph.D. LARRY W. OBERLEY, Ph.D. with guest lectures from: Drs. Freya Q . Schafer, Douglas R. Spitz, and Frederick E. Domann The Fine Print: Because this is a paper written by a beginning student as an assignment, there are no guarantees that everything is absolutely correct and accurate. In view of the possibility of human error or changes in our knowledge due to continued research, neither the author nor The University of Iowa nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such information. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. All material contained in this paper is copyright of the author, or the owner of the source that the material was taken from. This work is not intended as a threat to the ownership of said copyrights. S. Jetawattana Lycopene, a powerful antioxidant 1 Lycopene, a powerful antioxidant by Suwimol Jetawattana Department of Radiation Oncology Free Radical and Radiation Biology The University -
The Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effects of Carotenoids: a Review
ISSN (Online) : 2250-1460 Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care, Vol 9(4), 186-191, 2017 DOI: 10.18311/ajprhc/2017/7689 The Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effects of Carotenoids: A Review Miaad Sayahi1 and Saeed Shirali2,3* 1Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 3Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; [email protected] Abstract Carotenoids are a big group of phytochemicals that have a wide variety of protective and medical properties. They are widespread in plants and photosynthetic bacteria and have many medical functions. Here in this article, we studied antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of four kinds of carotenoids (lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene and astaxanthin) besides some of the ways they can lower blood glucose and prevent the oxidant damages. Many articles, including originals and reviewsbriefly defining were scanned them and in this also way, mentioned but only somea few ofhad their a suitable plant sources. data. All So,of ourwe referencescan say, the were aim articlesof this studyhas been was collected to show Beta-carotene is the most widely carotenoid in food prevent cancer and triggers the release of insulin and like lutein its electronically from valid journals and databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier, Springer and Google scholar. levels in the retina with diabetes. Lycopene helps to protect diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease. Astaxanthin has antioxidant is useful for the prevention of macular degeneration. Lutein has also anticancer effects and reduces the ROS of these phytochemicals produces a kind of protect against diabetes and oxidative damages and also have other medical significant hypoglycemic effects. -
Induction of Carotenoid and Phytosterol Accumulation in Microalgae
Induction of carotenoid and phytosterol accumulation in microalgae Faruq Ahmed Master of Marine Bioscience A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2015 School of Agriculture and Food Sciences 1 Abstract Microalgae have become well-known in the last few decades as producers of various compounds of high nutritional value, such as long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, pigments including carotenoids, proteins, sterols, and vitamins. Among these compounds, carotenoids and phytosterols have been receiving increased attention based on the discoveries that they are capable of preventing various diseases such as cardiovascular problems, certain cancers, and neurological disorders, e.g. Alzheimer’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis etc. The commercial exploitation of the microalgal strains Dunaliella salina and Haematococcus pluvialis for β-carotene and astaxanthin, respectively, led to the hypothesis for the current study that other microalgal strains may even have a higher potential to produce these compounds, especially when the underlying physiological pathways that lead to elevated levels of these compounds could be stimulated. The aims of this thesis were therefore (1) to screen microalgal strains for their potential to produce carotenoids and phytosterols and (2) to induce the top producer(s) to accumulate higher quantities of carotenoids and phytosterols and (3) to scale up the successful induction method(s) to explore large-scale commercial production of these metabolites. Moreover, the well-known sensitive nature of carotenoids (e.g. astaxanthin and β-carotene) to light, drying and preservation methods led to the idea that freeze-drying rather than the currently popular spray-drying methods could be more suitable for long-term storage of highly valuable carotenoids, such as astaxanthin.