Celebrating Survival
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No. 151-October-2020
California State University, Fresno Armenian Studies Program Non-Profit and Armenian Students Organization U.S. Postage 5245 N. Backer Ave. M/S PB 4 PAID Fresno, CA 93740-8001 Permit No. 262 Change Service Requested FRESNO, CA HYE SHARZHOOM Armenian Action nd ՀԱՅ ՇԱՐԺՈՒՄ 42 Year October 2020 Vol. 42, No. 1 (151) Ethnic Supplement to The Collegian Dr. Joseph I. Castro Chosen as Artsakh Attacked by Azerbaijan on Sept. 27 Eighth Chancellor of the CSU Azerbaijan Targets Civilians and Churches native and first Mexican American to be appointed to oversee the 23-campus system. Castro will succeed Timothy P. White who is retiring after leading the university since late 2012. “The California State University provides unprecedented and transformational opportunities for students from all backgrounds to earn a high-quality college degree and to better their families, their Dr. Joseph I. Castro communities and the industries in Photo: ASP Archive which they become leaders. There CSU PUBLIC AFFAIRS is no other institution that makes DEPARTMENT AND NEWS SOURCES this great of an impact on the entire state – the CSU is key to a The California State University growing and thriving California,” (CSU) Board of Trustees has said Castro. “I am truly grateful appointed Joseph I. Castro, Ph.D., for and excited about this unique to serve as the eight Chancellor and wonderful opportunity, and of the California State University I look forward to working with system. Castro has served as the the talented faculty, staff and The 19th century Holy Savior (Ghazanchetsots) Cathedral in Shushi was damaged in an eighth president of California presidents of the 23 campuses Azeri attack on October 8. -
The Armenian Robert L
JULY 26, 2014 MirTHErARoMENr IAN -Spe ctator Volume LXXXV, NO. 2, Issue 4345 $ 2.00 NEWS IN BRIEF The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Since 1932 Armenia Inaugurates AREAL Linear Christians Flee Mosul en Masse Accelerator BAGHDAD (AP) — The message played array of other Sunni militants captured the a mobile number just in case we are offend - YEREVAN (Public Radio of Armenia) — The over loudspeakers gave the Christians of city on June 10 — the opening move in the ed by anybody,” Sahir Yahya, a Christian Advanced Research Electron Accelerator Iraq’s second-largest city until midday insurgents’ blitz across northern and west - and government employee from Mosul, said Laboratory (AREAL) linear accelerator was inau - Saturday to make a choice: convert to ern Iraq. As a religious minority, Christians Saturday. “This changed two days ago. The gurated this week at the Center for Islam, pay a tax or face death. were wary of how they would be treated by Islamic State people revealed their true sav - the Advancement of Natural Discoveries By the time the deadline imposed by the hardline Islamic militants. age nature and intention.” using Light Emission (CANDLE) Synchrotron Islamic State extremist group expired, the Yahya fled with her husband and two Research Institute in Yerevan. vast majority of Christians in Mosul had sons on Friday morning to the town of The modern accelerator is an exceptional and made their decision. They fled. Qaraqoush, where they have found tempo - huge asset, CANDLE’s Executive Director Vasily They clambered into cars — children, par - Most of Mosul’s remaining Christians rary lodging at a monastery. -
Glendale Exhibits Explore Concept of Inherited Trauma of Armenian Genocide
MARCH 24, 2018 Mirror-SpeTHE ARMENIAN ctator Volume LXXXVIII, NO. 35, Issue 4530 $ 2.00 NEWS The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Since 1932 INBRIEF Washington Armenian Aliyev Insists on Community Unites in ‘Historic Azeri Lands’ Support of Artsakh In Armenia BAKU (RFE/RL) — Azerbaijan’s President Ilham Aliyev has stood by his claims that much of By Aram Arkun modern-day Armenia lies in “historic Azerbaijani Mirror-Spectator Staff lands.” “I have repeatedly said and want to say once again that the territory of contemporary Armenia WASHINGTON — Upon the initiative of is historic Azerbaijani lands. There are numerous the representation of Artsakh in the United books and maps confirming that,” Aliyev said on States, the Armenian Assembly of America Monday, March 19, at the start of official celebra- and the Armenian National Committee of tions of Nowruz, the ancient Persian New Year America (ANCA) organized a reception and marked as a public holiday in Azerbaijan. banquet for the Armenian community on “The Azerbaijani youth must know this first and March 17 at the University Club in foremost. Let it know that most of modern-day Washington D. C. to honor the visiting del- Armenia is historic Azerbaijani lands. We will egation of the Republic of Artsakh led by never forget this,” he said. President Bako Sahakyan. Aliyev has repeatedly made such statements, The bilingual event was moderated by Annie Totah receives a medal from President Bako Sahakyan, while Aram Hamparian holds the medal he just got (photo: Aram Arkun) most recently on February 8. Speaking at a pre- Annie Simonian Totah, board member of election congress of his Yeni Azerbaycan party, he the Armenian Assembly, and Aram pledged to “return Azerbaijanis” to Yerevan, Hamparian, executive director of the two Armenian lobbying organizations of pointed out that the ANCA and the Syunik province and the area around Lake Sevan. -
Middle East 1 Middle East
Middle East 1 Middle East Middle East Map of the Middle east. (Green color) Countries 18–38 (varying definitions) Languages Middle East: Arabic, Aramaic, Azerbaijani, French, Greek, Hebrew, Kurdish, Persian, Somali, Turkish Greater Middle East: Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Balochi, Berber, Dari, French, Greek, Georgian, Hebrew, Kurdish, Pashto, Persian, Somali, Tigrinya, Turkish, Urdu Time Zones UTC +3:30 (Iran) to UTC +2:00 (Egypt) (traditional definition) Largest Cities In rank order: Istanbul, Cairo, Tehran, Baghdad, Riyadh, Jeddah, Ankara The Middle East[1] is a region that roughly encompasses Western Asia. The term is considered to be Eurocentric and used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East. The corresponding adjective is Middle-Eastern and the derived noun is Middle-Easterner. The largest ethnic group in the middle east are Arabs,[2] with Turks, Turkomans, Persians, Kurds, Azeris, Copts, Jews, Maronites, Assyro-Chaldeans, Circassians, Armenians, Druze and numerous other ethnic groups forming other significant populations. The history of the Middle East dates back to ancient times, and throughout its history, the Middle East has been a major center of world affairs. When discussing ancient history, however, the term Near East is more commonly used. The Middle East is also the historical origin of major religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as well as the less common Baha'i faith, Mandaeism, Druze faith and others. The Middle East generally has an arid and hot climate, with several major rivers providing for irrigation to support agriculture in limited areas, especially in Mesopotamia and the rest of the Fertile Crescent. Many countries located around the Persian Gulf have large quantities of crude oil, which has resulted in much wealth particularly for nations in the Arabian peninsula. -
What Is a Rural Cemetery?
WHAT IS A RURAL CEMETERY? Teaching with Oak Hill Cemetery Welcome This lesson is part of series Kansas standards based lessons developed to enable students to understand, summarize, and evaluate materials provided that related to the history, design and development of Oak Hill Cemetery. Each lesson was designed to standalone, but they may be used multiple combinations to suit the needs of the educator. Taken together they tell a rich history of Kansas and Oak Hill Cemetery. This series TABLE OF CONTENTS Lessons in is inspired by the National Park Service Teaching with The Teaching with Oak Hill Historic Places standards. Cemetery Unit In the “What is a Rural Cemetery?” lesson students will About This Lesson: be asked to analyze and evaluate the similarities and differences between Oak Hill, Greenwood, and Mount 1. Learning Activity Auburn Cemeteries. Using a step-by-step process, students will acquire historical thinking skills and learn 2. Kansas HGSS Standards Addressed to analyze and assess primary and secondary source WHAT IS A RURAL materials. Through close reading and comparative analysis students will make logical inferences building 3. Materials CEMETERY? on the central question “What is a Rural Cemetery?” In the “Symbolism in the Cemetery” lesson students 4. Number of Class Periods will analyze the symbology utilized on grave markers in Oak Hill Cemetery. Using a step-by-step process 5. Preparation for Lesson they will acquire historical thinking skills and learn to read the meaning of these commemorative graphical depictions. 6. Actvity Background (For the Teacher) In the “Civil War Veterans” lesson students will investigate the histories of Civil War Veterans buried 7. -
Three HALO Trust Workers Killed in Artsakh
APRIL 7, 2018 Mirror-SpeTHE ARMENIAN ctator Volume LXXXVIII, NO. 37, Issue 4532 $ 2.00 NEWS The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Since 1932 INBRIEF Sargsyan Privatizes Three HALO Trust Workers Killed in Artsakh Official Residence STEPANAKERT — Three local employees According to a state- YEREVAN (RFE/RL) — In a move condemned by of the HALO Trust, an organization tasked ment from HALO, the opposition, the Armenian government has with demining land in Artsakh, were killed “We are working granted the outgoing President Serzh Sargsyan by an explosion of an anti-tank landmine in closely with the local ownership of a mansion in Yerevan where he and Ghazanchi on March 29. police and authorities his predecessors have lived while in office. Two others were seriously injured. and have called in The government formally approved the free pri- Those killed were Pavel Akopov, Samson external investigators vatization of the property and specified its address Avanessian and Marat Petrossian. They to report on the full on March 29. A senior official from the presidential were in a vehicle conducting minefield sur- facts of the incident.” staff, Varuzh Grigorian, confirmed on Monday, vey duties at the time. James Cowan, April 2, that it is the very house where Sargsyan Doctors continue fighting for the lives of HALO’s CEO said: has lived in with his family since becoming presi- Aram Mkrtchyan and Garik Ghahriyan, the “Every day around the dent 10 years ago. two survivors of the blast. Both underwent world, more than The house is part of a secluded government com- serious surgeries. -
2021 Angels.Indd
Angels & Cherubs A Self-Guided Walk of Mount Auburn Cemetery 2021 Mount Auburn Cemetery was founded in 1831 as America’s fi rst rural cemetery. It encompassed 72 Acres. Before that Ameri- cans buried their dead in burying grounds, church yards or land set aside for burials. Rural cemeteries had these characteristics: a permanent site with a picturesque land- scape consisting of family lots, non-profi t, non-sectarian, and open to all. Monuments in Old Burying Grounds were usually made of slate; the grave maker designed a winged skull at the top of the monument, probably signifying physical death and spiritual regeneration. Panels of fl owers, foliage and fruit decorated its sides. (from Iconography of Gravestones at Burying Grounds , City of Boston) The Brown Lot #787 Cypress Avenue This image is an example of a Colonial Revival (1870-1940) headstone in Mount Auburn Cemetery. The marker honors the lives of Henry Howard Brown (1851-908) and Hannah Bangs Thayer (1849-1941). It is from the company of John Evans and takes as its tem- plate a 1690 gravestone in Portsmouth, N.H. Two angels across the top of the monu- ment hold a winged hourglass symbolizing fl eeting time. Down each side are fl orets. The stone is slate. Another Colonial Revival Monument to Explore Lowell Lot #323 Fountain Avenue This monument is the head- stone for James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) and family Lot. Notice the winged skull, a death’s head, whereas the image on the Brown Lot is of an angel. Williams Lot #1697 Spruce Avenue Joseph Watson (1792-1831) is buried here. -
The Cost of Memorializing: Analyzing Armenian Genocide Memorials and Commemorations in the Republic of Armenia and in the Diaspora
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR HISTORY, CULTURE AND MODERNITY www.history-culture-modernity.org Published by: Uopen Journals Copyright: © The Author(s). Content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence eISSN: 2213-0624 The Cost of Memorializing: Analyzing Armenian Genocide Memorials and Commemorations in the Republic of Armenia and in the Diaspora Sabrina Papazian HCM 7: 55–86 DOI: 10.18352/hcm.534 Abstract In April of 1965 thousands of Armenians gathered in Yerevan and Los Angeles, demanding global recognition of and remembrance for the Armenian Genocide after fifty years of silence. Since then, over 200 memorials have been built around the world commemorating the vic- tims of the Genocide and have been the centre of hundreds of marches, vigils and commemorative events. This article analyzes the visual forms and semiotic natures of three Armenian Genocide memorials in Armenia, France and the United States and the commemoration prac- tices that surround them to compare and contrast how the Genocide is being memorialized in different Armenian communities. In doing so, this article questions the long-term effects commemorations have on an overall transnational Armenian community. Ultimately, it appears that calls for Armenian Genocide recognition unwittingly categorize the global Armenian community as eternal victims, impeding the develop- ment of both the Republic of Armenia and the Armenian diaspora. Keywords: Armenian Genocide, commemoration, cultural heritage, diaspora, identity, memorials HCM 2019, VOL. 7 Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/202155 12:33:22PM via free access PAPAZIAN Introduction On 24 April 2015, the hundredth anniversary of the commencement of the Armenian Genocide, Armenians around the world collectively mourned for and remembered their ancestors who had lost their lives in the massacres and deportations of 1915.1 These commemorations took place in many forms, including marches, candlelight vigils, ceremo- nial speeches and cultural performances. -
A. D. Sakharov Armenian Human Rights Foundation
A. D. Sakharov Armenian Human Rights Foundation Monitoring Report On Working Conditions in First Instance Courts in Shirak, Gegharkunik, and Syunik Marzes (Regions) Studies were conducted and this Report was elaborated due to the generous financial and technical assistance of the OSCE Office in Yerevan and the Polish Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights Preface The mission of the A. D. Sakharov Armenian Human Rights Foundation is to support the establishment of a civil society in Armenia, to enhance legal awareness of the public, and to protect rights and freedoms of humans and citizens. The organization has three regional branches in Shirak (City of Gyumri), Gegharkunik (City of Gavar), and Syunik (City of Goris). In 2001, representatives of the three branches attended a series of “Monitoring and Human Rights” seminars held in Lusakert by the OSCE Office in Yerevan and the Polish Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights; as a practical follow-up to the seminars, and within the framework of the ongoing judicial reform, they have carried out a “Monitoring of Working Conditions in First Instance Courts” project in the Shirak, Gegharkunik, and Syunik regions of Armenia. The goal of the project was to explore the current conditions in which courts in the regions operate, because the working conditions and infrastructure of the third branch of government are crucial in terms of its stance, its improved role and authority, and guaranteeing the right of citizens to a fair and public trial within a reasonable time, as required under the existing laws. The concept of the judicial reform in the Republic of Armenia was formed under the Constitution adopted in 1995. -
New-Articles by Title-1-23
Articles by Title Abusing the Term ‘Genocide’ in Distant Domains: The Statue of Aliyev and the Khojaly Massacre in Two Squares in Mexico City, Carlos Antaramian. Vol. 22 (2013): 263-277 (Communication). Academic Publications to Mark the 1700th Anniversary of Christian Armenia, Robert W. Thomson. Vol. 7 (1994): 115-122. (Research Note). Acculturation, Ethnic Identity, and Psychological Functioning Among Armenian- American Young Adults, Tara Yaralian, Aghop Der-Karabetian, and Tomas Martinez. Vol. 18:1 (2009): 157-179. Additions and Corrections to Coinage of the Artaxiads of Armenia, Jack Nurpetlian. Vol. 22 (2013): 227-231 (Communication). The Amatuni Hunting Scenes at the Seventh-Century Church of Ptłni: Patron and ‘Propaganda’, Anne Elizabeth Redgate. Vol. 21 (2012) 11-26. Amirdovlat‘ Amasiatsi’: His Life and Contributions, John L. Gueriguian. Vol. 3 (1987): 63-92. An Allegorical Poem by Mkrtich‘ Naghash and Its Models, S. Peter Cowe. Vol. 4 (1988-1989): 143-156. An Unpublished Homily on Easter Attributed to John Chrysostom, Dom B. Outtier. Vol. 1 (1984): 115-122. Anna Akhmatova’s Translations from the Armenian: Two Poems by Avetik‘ Isahakian, Sonia Ketchian. Vol. 2 (1985-1986): 155-168 Archaeological Excavations in Soviet Armenia, Babken N. Arak‘elyan. Vol. 1 (1984): 3-22. Armenia on Lake Urmia: Parskahayk‘ or “Persian Armenia”, Robert Hewsen. Vol. 22 (2013): 11-22. The Armenian Book of Ezras, Michael E. Stone. Vol. 4 (1988-1989): 209-212. The Armenian Counterculture That Never Was: Reflections on Eghishe Ch‘arents‘, James R. Russell. Vol. 9 (1996, 1997 [1999]): 17-35. The Armenian Church and the School Network in Buenos Aires: Channels for the Preservation of Identity (1930-1960), Nélida Boulgourdjian-Toufeksian. -
Coat of Arms of Armenia - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Coat of arms of Armenia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Armenia Coat of arms of Armenia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The national coat of arms of Armenia consists of an eagle and a lion supporting a shield. The coat of arms combines new and old symbols. The eagle and lion are ancient Armenian symbols dating from the first Armenian kingdoms that existed prior to Christ. The current coat of arms was adopted on April 19, 1992 by the Armenian Supreme Council decision. On June 15, 2006, the law on the state coat of arms of Armenia was passed by the Armenian Parliament. Contents 1 Symbolism 1.1 Shield 1.2 Eagle and Lion 1.3 Five vital elements 2 History 2.1 Coat of arms of the Democratic Republic of Armenia 2.2 Transcaucasian SFSR 2.3 Soviet coat of arms 3 References 4 See also 5 External links Symbolism Shield The shield itself consists of many components. In the center is a depiction of Mount Ararat with Noah's Ark sitting atop it. According to tradition, the ark is said to have finally rested on the mountain after the great flood. Ararat is considered the national symbol of Armenia and thus is of principle importance to the coat of arms. Surrounding Mount Ararat are symbols of old Armenian dynasties. In the lower left portion of the shield, there are two eagles looking at each other, symbolizing the length of the Armenian territory during the reign of the Artaxiad Dynasty that ruled in the 1st century BC. -
HAYK's SPIRIT IS IMMORTAL More Than 4500-Year-Old Roots of The
HAYK’S SPIRIT IS IMMORTAL Danielyan E. L. Doctor of Sciences (History) ETERNAL GLORY AND HONOR TO THE HEROES AND THEIR COMRADES-IN-ARMS WHO SACRIFICED THEIR LIVES FOR THE FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE OF THE FATHERLAND More than 4500-year-old roots of the Armenian Army are hallowed by the freedom struggle of the Armenian nation for the defence of the Fatherland against foreign invaders. The Armenian liberation torch sanctified by Hayk Nahapet (Patriarch) passed over from Hayots Dzor1 to Avarayr, Zeytun, Sasun, Sardarapat and has reached Artsakh. The heroes sacrificing their lives for the liberation of the Fatherland are immortalized. Hayk Lake Van 1 Մովսէս Խորենացի, Պատմութիւն Հայոց, Երևան, 1991, էջ 32-37: The year 2008 marked the 4500th anniversary of the victory of the Armenian Patriarch Hayk against Bel at the battle of Hayots Dzor (on the shore of Lake Van). Thе calendar calculation of the date based on the periodicity of “Hayk’s Cycle” of the “Ancient Armenian era” was done by the famous Armenologist Ghevond Alishan (1820-1901) (Ալիշան Ղ., Յուշիկք հայրենեաց Հայոց, հ. Ա, Վենետիկ, 1920, էջ 85). There was no leap-year in the ancient Armenian era, since a year was always considered to consist of 365 days; hence the year and the date were movable. Thus 1460 years, according to the Julian calendar, amount to 1461 years, according to the Armenian Calendar. By such periodicity of the “Cycle of Hayk”, 2492 BC denotes the year of Hayk’s victory. The beginning of the victorious year was Navasard 1 (=August 11). New discoveries connected with the observations of the starry sky (the 6th millennium BC - Zorats kar (Karahunj), the first half of the 3rd millennium BC - Metsamor), archaeological excavations and petroglyphs in the Armenian Highland, bear witness to the deep Haykian roots, and that the glorious victory of Hayk symbolized the beginning of a very important new epoch of the Armenian history.