New York University in Paris

Dr. Simon Jackson [email protected] Class Meeting Times and Place: 9-10:30 am, Monday and Wednesday. Salle 11. Office hours: By appointment

FREN-UA986500220113 / TPCS: FRANCE UNDER HITLER: THE POLITICS OF OCCUPATION (ENGL)

Course summary and objectives

This course explores the crucial decade lasting from the mid 1930s to the Liberation of France from German Occupation in 1944, while also going well beyond those chronological parameters. Opening with a discussion of the crises facing the French polity prior to World War Two, we will move on to explore the events, culture, politics and economics of the defeat of 1940, the Vichy regime and its relationship to Nazi Europe and the French colonies, the dynamics of resistance and collaboration, the deportation of Jews and other groups, the highly contested process of Liberation and retribution, and the wars of memory over the meaning of the wartime past. Using secondary and primary texts, film and visual sources, as well as visits to paris sites, students will learn about the relationship of the past and the present in producing the history of this period and will become competent critics and knowledgeable exponents of this essential stretch of French history and historiography.

Course Requirements

Regular, punctual attendance and careful listening and note taking at lectures.

Class Participation: students are expected to read, think about and take notes on the assigned reading material, to respond to questions, volunteer ideas and to participate meaningfully in class discussions in a spirit of constructive criticism. 15%

Film Review: a short paper (1500 words) assessing the utility to historians of a film about the era from a list provided. (20%)

Presentation: Students will work in teams to collaboratively prepare a brief presentation to the class on a topic relating a site in Paris to one set of readings, according to a schedule handed out in the opening weeks. 25%.

Final Paper: Students will work in teams to collaboratively research and write a paper connecting a site in contemporary Paris to a question raised in the course (3,000 words, double-spaced, font 12). Deadline and details to be announced in class: 40%.

Class Policies

Absence Policy

Students are expected to attend all sessions and more than three unexcused, missed sessions will result in a failing grade. Students who need to absent themselves because of sickness or

1 unforeseen emergencies are responsible for making up missed work and documenting their absence.

Academic Dishonesty

Regardless of the quality of work, plagiarism is met with a failing grade. NYU policy is available at http://cas.nyu.edu/page/ug.academicintegrity and you should be familiar with it.

Late Assignments

Deadlines for assignments are to be respected. Late assignments will be downgraded at the rate of a whole letter grade per day (A to B, not A to A-). There are no additional or make up assignments.

☞ E-Mail You should feel free to contact me by e-mail with any questions, and I will aim to reply within 24 hours. Your messages should respect the conventions of professional correspondence i.e. begin with ‘Hi/Dear Professor Jackson’ and conclude with ‘Best/Thanks’ followed by your name. Do not e-mail at the last minute, or about information that’s clearly available in the syllabus, as you may not get a reply.

Course Materials: ☞Julian Jackson 2001 : France The Dark Years 1940-1944. Oxford : Oxford University Press. Available from, among others, NYU Paris Library, Shakespeare and Co. http://www.shakespeareandcompany.com/index.php?categories=115:1 ☞Blackboard/Library Materials. Check Blackboard and your NYU e-mail for announcements regularly. Familiarize yourself with the reserve shelf for our class in the library, where many of our texts will be available for photocopy. Likewise, be familiar with Blackboard resources.

Films Used in Class: ⑴ Lacombe Lucien (1974) ⑵ Good Bye, Children (1987) ⑶ The Sorrow and the Pity (1971) (4) The Army of Shadows (1969)

These will be also be on reserve at the library and can generally be watched there or checked out over the weekend in exchange for an ID: ask at the library.

Course Outline

Week 1

Introduction to the course : World War II in Paris and in Perspective Reading : ① (9/19) *NO CLASS SESSION* ② (9/21) Class Visit: Hélène Berr’s Rue Raynouard and Hitler’s Trocadero. Norman Davies, Europe at War 1939-1945, pp.11-72.

2 Week 2

France in 1930s : from French “fascism” to the Popular Front Reading : ① (9/26) Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp.43-64. ② (9/28) Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp.23-42

FRIDAY 9/30: Catch-up Class: meet at 9 am in front of memorial monument, ‘Square de la Liberation’, opposite 116 Ave Jean Jaures, Drancy. Travel by RER B from Gare du Nord to Le Bourget and then take bus line 143 to Drancy. See www.ratp.fr. Reading: Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp.65-111 and http://www.camp-de-drancy.asso.fr/

Week 3

1940 : “L’Année Terrible” : The German Invasion and the Exodus Reading : ① (10/3) Primary Document: Marc Bloch, The Strange Defeat, pp. 1-8, 126-176. ② (10/5) Primary Document: Charles de Gaulle, The Complete War Memoirs of Charles de Gaulle (trans. Jonathan Griffin and Richard Howard) (pp. 53-93).

Week 4

Vichy France : The National Revolution Reading : ① (10/10) Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp.139-165. ② (10/12) Eric Jennings, Vichy in the Tropics: Petain's National Revolution in Madagascar, Guadeloupe, and Indochina, 1940-44, Stanford U Press, 2001, pp. 9-56.

Week 5

Life in Occupied France Reading : ① (10/17) H. R. Kedward, Occupied France, Collaboration and Resistance 1940-1944, pp.1-16. ② (10/19) Jean Bruller (Vercors), Put out the Light (Le Silence de la Mer), trans. Cyril Connolly.

Week 6

Collaboration Reading: ① (10/24) Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp.166-189. ☞Film showing : Lacombe Lucien, Louis Malle, 1974.

② (10/26) Jan Gross, « Themes for a Social History of War Experience and Collaboration » in The Politics of Retribution in Europe : World War Two and its Aftermath, edited by Jan Gross, Istvan Deak and Tony Judt, New York, 2000, pp. 15-32. *FILM REVIEW DUE*

Week 7

Vichy and The Jews Reading : ① (10/31) Hélène Berr, Journal, excerpts. Class visit to Berr’s Paris, Deportation Memorial and Mémorial de la Shoah, 17 rue Geoffroy-l'Asnier, Paris. Meet Place de la Sorbonne. ② (11/2) Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp.354-384. Primary Document : Chronology of Deportation Convoys from Serge Klarsfeld, Memorial to Jews Deported from France. ☞Film showing (excerpts): Good Bye, Children (Louis Malle, 1987).

Week 8: (*Presentations begin*)

Resistance Reading : ① (11/7) H. R. Kedward, Occupied France, Collaboration and Resistance 1940-1944, pp.46-60. Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp. 385-401. ② (11/9) Julian Jackson, France The Dark Years 1940-1944, pp.402-426, 506-523. Primary Document : Le Chant des Partisans (http://french-chanson.narod.ru/chant.html) ☞Film showing (excerpts): Army of Shadows, (Jean-Pierre Melville, 1969)

Week 9

Liberation: state-making and the ‘resistance of September’ Reading: ① (11/14) Herrick Chapman, « The Liberation of France as a Moment in State-Making, » in Crisis and Renewal in Twentieth Century France, edited by Martin S Alexander and Kenneth Mouré, New York, 2002. ☞ Guest Speaker: Steven Englund TBC

② (11/16) Primary Document : Simone de Beauvoir, The Mandarins, pp. 1-64

Week 10

War of Memory : Remembering The German Occupation Reading : ① (11/21) Sarah Farmer, « Post-War Justice in France : Bordeaux 1953 » in The Politics of Retribution in Europe : World War Two and its Aftermath, edited by Jan Gross, Istvan Deak and Tony Judt, New York, 2000, pp. 194-212. ② (11/23) Sorrow and the Pity introductory materials (Blackboard) ☞Film showing : The Sorrow and the Pity (Marcel Ophuls, 1969)

Week 11

The Sorrow and the Pity Reading: ① (11/28) Henry Rousso, The Vichy Syndrome, excerpts. ② (11/30) No reading.

4 ☞Film showing : The Sorrow and the Pity (Marcel Ophuls, 1969) *FINAL PAPER DUE*

Week 12

The Vichy Syndrome and the Vél d’Hiv Reading : ① (12/5) Sorrow and the Pity Forum and Discussion ② (12/7) Class visit to the Vél d’Hiv Monument (Quai de Grenelle) Henry Rousso, The Vichy Syndrome, excerpts.

Week 13 Conclusion : Postwar France Reading : ① (12/12) ☞ Guest Speaker: Michel Anfrol TBC ② (12/14) Tony Judt, Postwar A History of Europe since 1945, pp.1-40.