COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT PLAN

ABC ONE-HOUR CLEANERS SUPERFUND SITE JACKSONVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA

DECEMBER 2017

U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION IV

THE U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY’S (EPA)

SUPERFUND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT PROGRAM IS COMMITTED

TO PROMOTING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CITIZENS AND THE AGENCY.

ACTIVE PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT IS CRUCIAL TO THE SUCCESS OF ANY PUBLIC PROJECT.

EPA’S COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT ACTIVITIES AT THE

ABC ONE-HOUR CLEANERS SUPERFUND SITE

ARE DESIGNED TO

INFORM THE PUBLIC OF THE NATURE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SITE,

INVOLVE THE PUBLIC IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS THAT WILL AFFECT THEM,

INVOLVE THE PUBLIC IN THE RESPONSES UNDER CONSIDERATION TO REMEDY THESE ISSUES, AND

INFORM THE PUBLIC OF THE PROGRESS BEING MADE TO IMPLEMENT THE REMEDY. Contents Section 1.0 – Overview of the Community Involvement Plan ...... 4 Section 2.0 – Capsule of the Site Description and History ...... 4 2.1 Site Description ...... 4 2.2 Site History and Cleanup Activities ...... 5 Section 3.0 – Community Background...... 12 3.1 Community Profile ...... 12 3.2 History of Community Involvement ...... 12 3.3 Key Community Concerns ...... 13 3.4 Response to Community Concerns ...... 13 3.5 Summary of Communication Needs ...... 14 Section 4.0 – EPA’s Community Involvement Program ...... 14 4.1 The Plan ...... 15 4.2 Time Frame Summary for Community Involvement Activities ...... 20

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 3 November 28, 2017 Section 1.0 – Overview of the Community Involvement Plan EPA developed this Community Involvement Plan to facilitate two-way communication between the community surrounding the ABC One-Hour Cleaners Superfund Site (ABC, the Site) and EPA and to encourage community involvement in site activities. EPA will utilize the community involvement activities outlined in this plan to ensure that residents are continuously informed and provided opportunities to be involved.

This Community Involvement Plan (CIP) addresses the Site’s relationship to the community and EPA (Section 2.0), provides a background of the community (Section 3.0), presents EPA’s community involvement program (Section 4.0), and provides a listing of available resources (which are presented in the Appendices). EPA drew upon several information sources to develop this plan, including community interviews and site files. EPA’s Regional Office will oversee the implementation of the community involvement activities outlined in this Plan.

Section 2.0 – Capsule of the Site Description and History 2.1 Site Description ABC is located at 2127 Lejeune Boulevard in Jacksonville, North Carolina. Lejeune Boulevard houses a number of small locally-owned and chain businesses. The one-acre Site is located directly north of Tarawa Terrace, a military housing community associated with the Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base. The properties located to the east and west of the Site are used for general retail and commercial purposes. The parcels located to the north of the Site are residential properties.

ABC served as a dry cleaning facility which operated from 1964 to 2005. As a part of its operations, tetrachloroethylene Figure 2.1, Map of Jacksonville, Onslow County, North (PCE) was used as a dry cleaning solvent. Carolina The wastes were improperly disposed of through the Site’s septic tank system. In 2005, ABC served only as a drop-off location until it officially discontinued all operations in 2011. The establishment consisted of three buildings that were joined to form one complex. The back portion of the property is overgrown with vegetation and surrounded by a chain-link fence. The Northeast Creek, which is located less than mile east from the Site, flows in a southwesterly direction towards the New River, which drains into the

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 4 November 28, 2017 Atlantic Ocean. Figure 2.1, Map of Jacksonville, Onslow County, North Carolina, and Photographs 2.1 and 2.2 present images of the Site that describe the neighboring properties.

Photograph 1. Photograph of ABC Cleaners in 2002 Photograph 2. Photograph of ABC Cleaners in 2017

2.2 Site History and Cleanup Activities The EPA Superfund Program’s Cleanup Process, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA, cleanup process), involves a number of milestones. The cleanup process begins with identifying where the contamination exists and concludes with cleaning the affected media (i.e. soil, groundwater, surface water, etc.). As a part of its initial investigations, contamination was identified in both the soil and groundwater at Site. As cleanup methods are developed based on the affected media, the Site is divided into two operable units (OUs), OU-1 and OU-2. OU-1 focuses on the groundwater contamination and OU-2 addresses soil contamination. The discussions found in this section of the CIP highlight the activities of the Cleanup Process. Figure 2.2, The Superfund Process, presents the milestones associated with the CERCLA Process.

Remedial Investigation (RI) By 1994, EPA had completed the OU-1 and OU-2 Remedial Investigations (RIs). The OU-1 RI determined that the groundwater was contaminated as contaminants of concern (COCs) were higher than the Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) and NCDENR thresholds. The COCs include PCE, Trichloroethene (TCE), 1,2-dichloroethene (1,2-DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). The OU-2 RI determined that the soil contamination resulted from the septic tank system discharge. Identical COCs were identified at levels in the soil that were higher than the EPA and NCDENR thresholds. The RIs further determined the pathway of exposure to be ingestion of soils and groundwater. As a result, the Tarawa Terrace drinking water source was placed on the Holcomb Boulevard Water Supply System because the concentrations of the COCs were higher than the MCLs. The assessment further determined the exposure to Site soils may present a higher potential for cancer for future residents of the Site.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 5 November 28, 2017 Figure 2.2, The Superfund Process

Feasibility Study (FS) The Feasibility Study (FS) presents the options to clean the groundwater and soil contamination, duration of the cleanup process, and costs associated with each cleanup method. The following table, OU-1 and OU-2 Feasibility Study Options, presents the options that were included in the OU-1 and OU-2 FS. The shaded cells in the table represent the cleanup methods that were selected.

Table 2.1, OU-1 and OU-2 Feasibility Study Options Option Description Cost No Action Option to be considered against alternatives $140,000 Institutional Controls Restricts/prevents human exposure $1,283,900 Wells pull groundwater that is treated by air

Pump -and-Treat and Monitored stripper and discharged into Northeast Creek $2,262,900

1 Feasibility Feasibility 1 Natural Attenuation (MNA) - following MNA

OU Groundwater Recovery/Air Identical as Pump-and-Treat with fewer wells $3,249,600 Stripper/MNA

No Action Option to be considered against alternatives $170,000 Institutional Controls Restricts/prevents human exposure $232,500 2 - Capping Asphalt cap of existing buildings cover soil $375,717

OU Soil Vapor Extraction Contaminated soil vapors removed from soil $521,463 Demolition/Excavation/Low Demolish buildings and treat underlying soils $3,372,633 Temperature Thermal Desorption using low temperature thermal desorption.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 6 November 28, 2017 Remedy Selection The remedies selected for OU-1 and OU-2 were based on the Remedial Action Objectives (RAOs) and Remedial Goals (RGs). The selected remedies, along with the RAOs and RGs, are presented in the OU-1 and OU-2 Records of Decision (RODs). As the RAOs and RGs are established to protect human health and the environment, they also measure how effective the selected cleanup methods are in addressing the contamination. RAOs are expressed as narratives (e.g. “to prevent migration of groundwater contaminant plumes off-site”) while RGs are expressed numerically (e.g. “arsenic concentrations in groundwater cannot be higher than 2.0 micrograms per liter”). The RAOs and RGs are summarized in the Table 2.2, Remedial Goals and Remedial Action Objectives.

Pump-and-Treat was selected as the cleanup method for OU-1. The Pump-and-Treat System pulls the contaminated groundwater from the source (beneath the ABC Building) where the groundwater is treated to meet the MCLs and NCDENR thresholds. The treated groundwater is then discharged into the Northeast Creek. Pump-and-Treat operated from March 2002 through January 2011. To further protect human health, EPA restricted drinking the groundwater in the general area of the Site.

The OU-2 cleanup method, soil vapor extraction (SVE), operated from January 2000 through August 2011. The SVE process serves as a ‘vacuum’ that pulls the contaminant vapors from the soil. To further protect human health, EPA also restricted the future use of the Site to nonresidential use. This restriction would remain in place unless and until the COCs meet the OU-2 RGs.

Table 2.2, Remedial Goals and Remedial Action Objectives RG Description RAO PCE TCE DCE VC 1 - Unofficial RAO - Restore groundwater to Protection of Soil 1 2.8 70 1

OU beneficial uses (drinking water source)

Protection of Groundwater 2.16 0.90 21 0.03

2 Prevent (1) direct contact exposure to - If Buildings Remain contaminated soil and (2) migration of OU Protection of contaminated soil to groundwater Groundwater 0.61 0.26 5.98 0.008 If Buildings are Removed OU-1 RG values are reported in units of micrograms per liter. OU-2 RG values are reported in units of milligrams per kilogram. The OU-2 RGs are categorized based on whether the ABC Buildings remain on site or if Buildings are demolished.

Remedial Action (RA) The Pump-and-Treat System was discontinued on January 2011 to allow the groundwater to return to natural conditions so that the most representative monitored natural attenuation (MNA) samples could be collected and analyzed. MNA groundwater samples determined that contamination remained in the groundwater at levels higher than the RGs. In August 2011, impacts from Hurricane Irene created a power outage that shut down the SVE system. As a

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 7 November 28, 2017 result, the SVE system was removed and additional studies have been ongoing to evaluate alternative cleanup options. Soil samples, which were collected after the discontinuation of the SVE system, determined that contamination remained in the soil at levels higher than the RGs.

Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Monitoring the contamination to ensure that the RAOs are being achieved is being conducted at the Site semi-annually since the discontinuation of the remedies in 2011. The monitoring activities mainly involve collecting groundwater and soil samples from the source area and associated monitoring wells. The results from the sample collection are evaluated to ensure that the levels are not higher than the previous monitoring events.

Five Year Reviews (FYR) Every five years EPA determines whether the cleanup methods are protecting the environment and public. This is done by measuring the progress in meeting the RAOs. Based on the conclusions from the Five Year Review (FYR), EPA will select one of the five categories to determine the protectiveness of the cleanup methods which are presented in Table 2.3, FYR Protectiveness Statement. For more information regarding the FYR, visit https://semspub.epa.gov/work/HQ/174829.pdf.

Table 2.3, FYR Protectiveness Statement Description Will the Remedy Function Protectiveness Is the Remedy All Human and Is the Remedy as Intended and Human and Determination Functioning Ecological Risks Constructed? Ecological Risks be Under as Intended? are Under Control? Control in the Future? Protective

Short-term

Will be

Protective Protectiveness Insufficient Data

Deferred to Determine Not Protective

FYRs were conducted in 2003, 2008, and 2013 at the Site. The 2013 FYR deferred protectiveness for OU-1 due to the following issues: Prevention of human exposure to groundwater to properties other than the Site; • Preferred pathway of vapor intrusion (VI); • Effectiveness of MNA and modification to the groundwater cleanup method; and • Revising RGs to reflect current standards for COCs.

The 2013 FYR determined that the OU-2 cleanup methods were protective only in the short-term as the following issues were identified:

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 8 November 28, 2017 • The depth of contamination in the soil was undetermined; and • The cleanup method was not operating as intended.

To address the OU-1 deferred protectiveness statement, an addendum to the 2013 FYR was issued. The protectiveness statement for OU-1 was deferred due to the uncertainty of the VI pathway that was thought to exist in the area of the Site where the dry cleaning activities were conducted. However, as the ABC One-Hour Cleaners building was demolished while the addendum was being drafted, the potential VI pathway exposure was eliminated. As a result, the OU-1 protectiveness statement was determined to be protective in the short-term. The issues, recommendations, and protectiveness statements from the FYRs are summarized in Table 2.4, ABC One-Hour Cleaners’ Five Year Review Issues and Recommendations Table.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 9 November 28, 2017 Table 2.4, ABC One-Hour Cleaners’ Five Year Review Issues and Recommendations Does Issue affect

Issues (I) Current/Future Milestone

FYR Recommendations (R) protectiveness? Date Yes (Y) or No (N) I: ICs not implemented 12/2007 Current: N and Future: N R: Implement IC I: GW contamination, surficial/Castle Hayne Aquifers, undetermined 12/2007 Current: N and Future: Y R: Review options to optimize GW cleanup methods I: Extent of contamination in Castle Hayne Aquifer is undetermined 12/2007 Current: N and Future: Y R: Investigate plume in Castle Hayne Aquifer I: GW RGs do not reflect lower quantitation limits 12/2007 Current: N and Future: N R: Revise ROD to include new RGs

I: Treated GW leaking from pipe of Pump-and-Treat building 12/2003 Current: N and Future: N

2003 R: Repair pipe I: Stain observed at bottom of treatment building 12/2003 Current: N and Future: N R: Evaluate origin of stain I: Aesthetics of the treatment system is concerning 12/2003 Current: N and Future: N R: Execute consistent housekeeping practices I: Regular soil monitoring to determine effectiveness of SVE 12/2007 Current: N and Future: N R: Schedule additional soil monitoring activities Short-term: Remedies protect human health/environment as majority of source is cleaned and no human exposure pathways exist. Long-term: Remedies are not protective until recommendations are completed I: ICs not implemented 9/2009 Current: N and Future: Y R: Implement ICs for Tarawa Terrace and evaluate Site ICs I: Uncertain of effectiveness of SVE 9/2009 Current: N and Future: Y R: Collect additional data to determine if SVE is efficient

I: Evaluate effectiveness of GW remedy in Castle Hayne Aquifer 9/2009 Current: N and Future: Y

2008 R: Continue monitoring effectiveness of GW remedy I: Well MW-17D needs repair 8/2009 Current: N and Future: N R: Repair MW-17D screen Short-term: Remedies protect human health and environment as majority of source is remediated and no human exposure pathways exists. Long-term: Remedies are not protective until ICs are implemented I: Additional OU-2 source material was discovered 12/2014 Current: N and Future: Y R: Characterize source material and develop effort to address it I: ICs not implemented 9/2014 Current: N and Future: Y R: Implement ICs at appropriate properties

I: VI pathway not evaluated 12/2013 Current: N and Future: Y R: Complete VI Study and evaluate remedies 2013 I: GW treatment system is offline 9/2015 Current: N and Future: Y R: Evaluate MNA and modify GW remedy as needed I: Updated PCE and VC GW standards to be more stringent 9/2015 Current: N and Future: Y R: Modify GW RGs to include updated standards Short-term: OU-2 Remedy is protective as no exposure pathway exists. Deferred determination for OU-1 I: Cleanup Methods are off-line 12/2015 Current: N and Future: Y R: Characterize contamination to identify more effective remedy

2014 Short-term: OU-1 Remedy protects human health and environment as no human exposure pathway exists

Addendum Long-term: Remedies are not protective until 2013 and 2014 recommendations are implemented

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 10 November 28, 2017 Activities Planned in Response to the 2014 FYR Addendum Based on the findings from the 2013 FYR and 2014 Addendum, EPA is conducting additional investigations to better characterize the groundwater and soil contamination and identify more appropriate means to address the contamination. The investigations are a part of the Focused RI/FS. The objective of gathering the additional information that will better characterize the contamination is to identify a more appropriate and effective cleanup method. The additional information and newly selected cleanup methods will be discussed in an Amended ROD (AROD). However, prior to the selection of the cleanup methods, the public will be invited to be a part of the selection process. Table 2.5, Superfund Process and EPA Involvement, summarizes the cleanup activities discussed in this section of the CIP.

Table 2.5, Superfund Process and EPA Involvement Superfund Process and EPA Involvement SUPERFUND PHASES EPA INVOVLEMENT Phase Objective OU-1 - Groundwater OU-2 - Soil NPL Listing Presents sites that require cleanup (1989) Placed on NPL due to high levels of PCE Evaluates the nature and extent of (1993) Determined COCs (1993) Determined septic contamination and potential were higher than MCLs. system is source of RI/FS performance and cost of treatment Presented options for contamination. Presented options cleanup options for cleanup Presents preferred cleanup method (1993) Selected Pump-and- (1993) Selected SVE and ROD and anticipated timeframe for Treat System/MNA and ICs to achieve cleanup water use restrictions nonresidential use Presents how the cleanup methods (2002-2011) Operation of (2000-2011) Operation RD/RA are developed and implemented cleanup method/MNA of cleanup method. Post- Ensures cleanup work continues to 2002 – Documented the completion of all construction Construction protect human health and activities Completion environment Identical objective as the RI/FS *Focused (2013-2018) Focused investigation on areas of but targets investigation to areas RI/FS uncertainty identified in RA of uncertainty Presents newly preferred cleanup *Amended methods and revised anticipated Anticipated for 2018 ROD timeframes for cleanup Presents how the new cleanup *Amended methods are developed and Anticipated before 2021 RD/RA implemented NPL Upon achieving RAO/RGs, the Anticipated, but not scheduled Deletion Site is deleted from NPL Site Re-Use Site re-developed or re-used Anticipated, but not scheduled *Depicts processes that are not included in the traditional Superfund Process. These processes are included in the cleanup activities of the Site due to the ineffectiveness of the selected remedies.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 11 November 28, 2017 Section 3.0 – Community Background This section of the CIP discusses the various stakeholders affected by the cleanup process and their involvement with EPA. The stakeholders involved with the ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site include neighboring businesses, surrounding housing communities, and local city and county- level government officials.

3.1 Community Profile Onslow County covers approximately 760 square miles and is located in the southeastern coastal plain of North Carolina. The City of Jacksonville, population of approximately 70,000, serves as the county seat, while the areas surrounding the city constitute the major population centers and growth areas in the county. The county homes approximately 177,772 people and includes the incorporated towns of Holly Ridge, Richlands, Swansboro, North Topsail Beach, and a portion of Surf City. Approximately 156,000 acres comprise the U.S. Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune (a Superfund Site), and related bases of Camp Johnson, Camp Geiger, and New River Air Station where more than 43,000 marines and sailors are stationed. Onslow County has over 30 miles of beaches, rivers and oceans and remains a significant contributor to the agricultural force of the State of North Carolina.

According to the 2016 Census, Onslow County’s population of 196,830 grew 10.6 percent (10.6%) from the 2010 Census population. Approximately 22% of its population represents minorities where 9% speaks a language other than English. Onslow County houses 21 elementary schools, eight middle and high schools, and Coastal Carolina Community College. Over 3,000 businesses, which result in 48,486 business establishments with employees, are registered in Onslow County. The most significant business establishments include the Department of Defense, Onslow County Board of Education, Marine Corps Community Services, Wal-Mart Associates Inc., and the County of Onslow. Each of which employ over 1,000 persons. Onslow County and Jacksonville, North Carolina Demographics are summarized in the table below, Demographic Summary of Onslow County and the City of Jacksonville. Table 3.1, Demographic Summary of Onslow County and the City of Jacksonville, summarizes the demographic information.

3.2 History of Community Involvement As required under Section 117 of CERCLA, a comprehensive community relations program was developed and is being implemented throughout the cleanup process at the ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site. Community involvement and expressions of concern have been minimal since the initial phases of the Site with the RI/FS Proposed Plan Meetings and Public Comment Periods.

No extensive community engagement has occurred in regards to the Site’s cleanup activities. However, contact with the parties that are affected by the contamination which include neighboring businesses, local government officials, and the potentially responsible party (PRP) has been made on a regular basis.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 12 November 28, 2017 Table 3.1, Demographic Summary of Onslow County and the City of Jacksonville Description Onslow County1 Jacksonville2 Total Population 177,772 70,145 Total Population: Urban 130,931 73.7% Population from 0-19 years old of age3 58,603 29.8% 16,387 23.36% Population from 60+ years old of age4 23,541 12.0% 3,822 5.45% Total Housing 60,092 21,339 Vacant Housing 51,958 86.5% 2,091 9.8% Estimated Median Family Income $50,764 38.6% $42,469 Unemployment 3,285 5.1% 7,435 10.6%

3.3 Key Community Concerns While the Site does not have an active community group, several concerns have been highlighted by the City of Jacksonville, neighboring businesses, and the PRP. These concerns include: the duration of the cleanup process (how long the cleanup activities will continue); the extent of the contamination (how deep and far does the groundwater and soil contamination exist); the fate of the Site (reuse/redevelopment activities); and communication with EPA.

3.4 Response to Community Concerns EPA has reviewed the key concerns as expressed by the community. The most pressing concern, however, is the period of time it will take to clean the Site. The period of time that was anticipated to address the soil and groundwater contamination was extended because the selected remedies were proven to be ineffective. The ineffectiveness of the remedies was largely due to the limited technologies that were available at the time of their selection. Since then, cleanup technologies that address soil and groundwater contamination similar to the conditions identified at the Site have become more advanced and promising to achieve a more effective cleanup. However, in order to identify the most appropriate remedy, a better understanding of the nature and extent of contamination is required.

As discussed in Section 2 of the CIP, the Site is completing a Focused RI/FS. The purpose of the Focused RI/FS is to gain a better understanding of the extent of contamination based on the more advanced technologies that have become available since the remedy selection. The Focused RI/FS will also present cleanup options based on the better understanding of the extent of contamination. The Focused RI/FS is anticipated to be completed by the end of 2017. EPA will then distribute a Proposed Plan which will discuss the options for addressing the contamination. The Proposed Plan will be open for public review and comment. EPA will then consider the comments presented by the public and factors such as cost and time efficiency to select the remedies that will clean the soil and groundwater contamination. The selected remedies will be presented in the AROD which is anticipated to be completed in 2018.

1 January 2017 Onslow County (North Carolina) Demographics Population Information: http://accessnc.commerce.state.nc.us/docs/countyProfile/NC/37133.pdf 2 2010 U.S. Census Data for Jacksonville, North Carolina: http://www.usacityfacts.com/nc/onslow/jacksonville/homes/ 3 Data presented for Jacksonville, North Carolina depicts the population of persons from 0-17 years old of age. 4 Data presented for Jacksonville, North Carolina depicts the population of persons 65 years old of age and over

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 13 November 28, 2017 The community has also expressed interest in the fate of the Site once the contamination has been addressed. Although it is the responsibility of EPA to address the contamination while protecting the public welfare and environment, EPA has no understandings of any activities that will occur after the cleanup of the Site (i.e. redevelopment or reuse activities) as the Site is not owned by EPA.

Another concern that was expressed by the community is the desire for EPA to maintain a healthy line of communication. In efforts to address this concern, EPA will continue to inform the public of critical milestones and involve them at milestones where determinations will be made. Such communication will be provided on the Site’s webpage, https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0402718, public meetings, fact sheets, and press releases. Other forms of communication involve visiting the Site Administrative Repository to access decision documents and directly contacting the EPA Remedial Project Manager (RPM) or Community Involvement Coordinator (CIC), which remains as an open line of communication should any concerns regarding the impacts of the Site- related contamination to the general public health and welfare surface (Refer to Appendix A, EPA Regional Contacts).

3.5 Summary of Communication Needs Overall, the concerns that were expressed by the community involved the timing of the cleanup activities. These concerns were surfaced as the time between the completion of the RI/FS, which was completed in 1993, and the anticipated completion date of the AROD is 25 years. The community is also concerned with property values and re-sale values of the neighboring businesses. To address these concerns, the community has expressed a sincere effort in supporting EPA in completing the investigations that are necessary to identify the most effective and appropriate cleanup methods.

Section 4.0 – EPA’s Community Involvement Program The overall goal of EPA’s community involvement program is to promote two-way communication between citizens and the EPA and to provide opportunities for meaningful and active involvement by the community during the cleanup process. EPA will implement the community involvement activities described below. The following plan is based on the results of the community interviews described earlier as it addresses each issue that the community identified.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 14 November 28, 2017 4.1 The Plan Issue 1: What is the Extent of Contamination in the Soil and Groundwater? Activity that will Complete the Focused RI/FS Address Issue? The purpose of the Focused RI/FS is to further the understanding of how far and deep the Objective contamination in the soil and groundwater truly exists. This understanding will be built from the information gathered from the previous investigations Collect soil and groundwater samples from areas where limited information was available Method during previous investigations. Timing The Focused RI/FS is anticipated to be completed by the end 2017. Issue 2: How Long will the Cleanup Process Take? Activity that will Complete the Focused RI/FS and Select an Appropriate Cleanup Method Address Issue? The purpose of the Focused RI/FS is also to provide the basis for the selection of the most Objective appropriate cleanup methods Once the Focused RI/FS has been completed, options to clean the contamination in the soil and groundwater will be presented for public comment. Based on these comments Method and other factors such as cost and time efficiency, EPA will select the most appropriate method of cleanup. The selected methods will be presented in the AROD which will also include a schedule for the remainder of the cleanup process. The Public Comment Period and the completion of the AROD are scheduled to be Timing completed in 2018 Issue 3: What is the Fate of the Site after it has been Cleaned? Activity that will Complete the Cleanup Process Address Issue? Objective To clean the contamination in the soil and groundwater so that the RGs and RAOs are met Method Identify the most appropriate cleanup methods. The RD/RA, where the selected cleanup methods will be constructed, will be scheduled Timing upon the completion of the AROD in 2018.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 15 November 28, 2017 Issue 4: Keeping the Public Informed Activity that will Update the Site Webpage Address Issue? To provide current status of the cleanup activities which include public meetings and Objective distribution of fact sheets. EPA will update the Site Webpage to include current documents, decision documents, and Method announcements of upcoming activities. Timing The webpage will be updated on an as-need basis. Activity that will Prepare and Distribute Site Fact Sheets and Technical Summaries Address Issue? To provide citizens with current, accurate, easy-to-read, easy-to-understand information Objective about the Site. Fact sheets will be mailed to all parties on the Site Mailing List. In addition, the fact Method sheets will be available at the information repository and the Site Webpage.

EPA will prepare and distribute fact sheets on an as-needed circumstances which include Timing prior to the completion of the AROD, RD/RA, FYRs, and other critical milestones.

Activity that will Provide a toll-free ‘800 Telephone Number’ for the Community to Contact EPA Address Issue? To inform the community with the most recent information and updates regarding the Site Objective activities in the most cost efficient manner as it becomes available as opposed to having to provide the information during scheduled events/meetings. EPA will activate the telephone number, 1-877-718-3752 (toll free), and publish it Method periodically in the local papers and in Site fact sheets. Timing The toll free line is currently operational. Activity that will Designate an EPA CIC Address Issue? To establish a primary liaison between the community and EPA and to ensure prompt, Objective accurate, and consistent responses and information dissemination about the Site.

EPA will designate an EPA CIC to manage Site inquiries and serve as a point of contact for community members. The CIC is appointed by EPA Region 4. Stephanie Brown Method serves as the EPA CIC for the Site who will work closely with Anna Cornelious, the EPA RPM for the Site. Timing The EPA CIC was designated in 2015.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 16 November 28, 2017 Activity that will Maintain a Mailing List for the Site Address Issue? To facilitate the distribution of site-specific information to any person(s) who has Objective expressed an interest in being informed of the Site’s cleanup activities EPA will create a mailing list that includes businesses affected by the Site. EPA will also solicit interested parties via fact sheets, newspaper articles, public meetings, public Method availabilities, etc. For any person interested in being included in the Site Mailing List, contact the EPA CIC or RPM. Timing EPA continues to update the mailing list on an on-going basis. Activity that will Maintain the Site Information Repository Address Issue? Objective To provide a central location where Site documents are available to the public The Information Repository is a reference collection of Site information containing the Administrative Record, decision documents that discuss the milestones of the Site cleanup process, and the CIP. The Information Repository is selected based on its accessibility to the physically challenged, access to copiers/scanners, and availability to Method the community during normal business hours. The Site Information Repository is the Onslow County Public Library Central Library located at 58 Doris Avenue East; Jacksonville, North Carolina 28540. EPA established a second repository which is located in the EPA Region 4 Library located at 61 Forsyth Street, SW; Atlanta, Georgia 30303. The Site Information Repository was established in 2017 and is notified of newly Timing published decision documents on an as-need basis. Activity that will Provide Technical Assistance Grant (TAG) information Address Issue? To provide resources for the community to gain technical support in assisting in Objective interpreting technical information regarding the Site cleanup activities EPA will provide information about the TAG program at public meetings and in Site Method fact sheets. Briefing sessions where TAG applications will be available will also be made available to interested parties if requested. The Administrative Record is created as soon as the Site investigations began and will Timing remain open until the last ROD is issued. Activity that will Establish and maintain the Administrative Record Address Issue? To create an index of all decision documents, resources, etc. that are used in making Objective any determinations regarding the Site’s cleanup progress. EPA will compile all documents that present the decision-making activities involved in Method the Site cleanup progress into an index. The compiled information will be distributed to the Site Information Repositories and uploaded to the Site webpage. The Administrative Record is created as soon as the Site investigations began and will Timing remain open until the last ROD is issued.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 17 November 28, 2017 Issue 5: Provide Adequate and Meaningful Opportunities for Community Involvement Activity that will Hold public meetings Address Issue? Objective To update the community on Site cleanup activities and address community concerns

EPA will schedule, prepare, and attend all announced public meetings. EPA will provide Method a two weeks’ notice, at minimum. The EPA, CIC, and other EPA representatives will attend. Public meetings are required during the Proposed Plan Public Comment Period (which is Timing scheduled before the AROD is completed). Other meetings will be held as needed. Activity that will Encourage Formation of a Community Advisory Group (CAG) Address Issue? To provide the community with a meaningful way to become actively involved and EPA Objective with a viable means of learning of the community concerns and needs. EPA will encourage the formation of a CAG and provide support, as appropriate, to Method facilities in its establishment. If formed, EA will provide administrative support but will not serve as an active member. EPA will provide support to any requests for assistance in establishing a CAG. As Timing necessary, EPA will promote CAGs regularly throughout the cleanup process. Activity that will Make informal visits to community Address Issue? To support in maintaining a healthy line of communication with the community Objective regarding the Site’s cleanup activities. EPA will establish a presence in the community through information, often unscheduled Method visits to speak with local property owners. Timing Throughout the entire cleanup process Activity that will Solicit comments during the Public Comment Period Address Issue? To provide the community an opportunity to review and comment on EPA decisions; Objective specifically, those that involve the selection of cleanup methods

EPA will announce each comment period separately. Announcements will appear in local newspapers and EPA Fact Sheets. They will include information regarding the duration of the comment period, how to make comments, where the comments should be Method submitted, etc. EPA may solicit comments on the following information/draft documents: Draft CIP, draft summary of test results and initial interpretation, preliminary findings on the FI and a list of possible cleanup methods likely to be considered, the proposed cleanup methods, and the preliminary plans for constructing the cleanup methods.

Comment periods will be announced as appropriate. A comment period is required in Timing conjunction with the announcement of the Proposed Plan and will last a minimum of 30 days.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 18 November 28, 2017 Activity that will Prepare and issue a Responsiveness Summary Address Issue? To summarize comments received during comment periods, document how EPA has Objective considered those comments during the decision-making process, and provide responses to major comments EPA will prepare a Responsiveness Summary as a section of the ROD/AROD. The Responsiveness Summary will include four sections: 1. Overview; 2. Background on Method Community Involvement; 3. Summary of comments received and Agency responses; and 4. RD/RA concerns. Timing EPA will issue the Responsiveness Summary as part of the ROD/AROD. Activity that will Revise the CIP Address Issue? To identify and address community needs, issues, or concerns regarding the Site and its Objective cleanup remedy that are not currently addressed in the CIP. The Revised CIP will be updated to include significant information that occurred since Method the previous version of the CIP. EPA will revise the CIP as community concern warrants or, at minimum, every three Timing years until the Site is deleted from the NPL.

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 19 November 28, 2017 4.2 Time Frame Summary for Community Involvement Activities Activity Timeframe Update the Site Website As needed Proposed Plan Fact Sheet - Anticipated in 2018 Prepare and Distribute Site Fact RD/RA Fact Sheet - Anticipated scheduling upon the completion of Sheets and Technical Summaries the AROD Provide a toll-free ‘800 Telephone In Operation Number’ for the Community Designate an EPA CIC Completed in 2015 Maintain a Mailing List for the Site As needed

Maintain the Site Information Established in 2017. Documents will be submitted to the Repository Repository (including the one in the EPA Region 4 Library) on an 'as-need' basis Establish and maintain the On-going Administrative Record Proposed Plan Meeting - Anticipated in 2018 Hold public meetings Additional meetings will be scheduled as needed Encourage Formation of a Community On-going Advisory Group (CAG) EPA RPM travels to Site on a regular basis to meet with the PRP, Make informal visits to community neighboring properties, and the local government. EPA RPM also inspects the conditions of the Site. Solicit comments during the Public Public Comment Period is anticipated to be opened once the Comment Period Proposed Plan Fact Sheet is distributed in 2018. Prepare and issue a Responsiveness The Responsiveness Summary will be included in the AROD which Summary is anticipated to be completed in 2018. Revise the CIP As needed or, at minimum, every three years

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 20 November 28, 2017 Appendix A EPA Region 4 Contacts

Anna Cornelious Remedial Project Manager U.S. EPA Region 4 61 Forsyth Street, SW Atlanta, Georgia 30303 404-562-9435 [email protected]

Stephanie Y. Brown Public Affairs Specialist/Community Involvement Coordinator 61 Forsyth Street, SW Atlanta, Georgia 30303 404-562-8450 [email protected]

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 21 November 28, 2017 Appendix B County and City Local Officials

Onslow County Board of Commissioners Onslow County Government Center 234 NW Corridor Boulevard Jacksonville, North Carolina 28540 910-347-4717 Jack Bright, Chairman Royce Bennett, Vice Chairman Paul Buchanan, Commissioner Robin Knapp, Commissioner Mark Price, Commissioner

City of Jacksonville, North Carolina Government P.O. Box 128 Jacksonville, North Carolina 28541 910-938-5200 City Council Email: [email protected] Sammy Phillips, Mayor Jerry Bittner, Ward 2 Representative Michael Lazzara, Ward 3 Representative Randy Thomas, At Large Representative Robert Warden, At Large Representative Angelia Washington, Ward 4 Representative Jerome Willingham, Ward 1 Representative

City of Jacksonville, North Carolina Public Safety Services 200 Marine Boulevard Jacksonville, North Carolina 28541 910 938-6403 Captain Patricia Driggers, Administrative Support Services 910-455-4000 Captain Randall Nordstrom, Patrol Division Jerry Hardison, Fire Chief 910-455-8080

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 22 November 28, 2017 Appendix C North Carolina State Officials

Governor Roy Cooper Lieutenant Governor Roy Cooper 20301 Mail Service Center 20301 Mail Service Center Raleigh, North Carolina 27699 Raleigh, North Carolina 27699 919-814-2000 919-814-2000 Attorney General Josh Stein Secretary of State 114 West Edenton Street North Carolina Secretary of State Raleigh, North Carolina 27603 2 South Salisbury Street 919-716-6400 Raleigh, North Carolina 27601

State House of Representatives for Onslow County North Carolina House of Representatives 300 North Salisbury Street, Room 417A Raleigh, North Carolina 27603-5925 919-715-6707 George G. Cleveland, District 14 Phil Shepard, District 15 417A Legislative Office Building 530 Legislative Office Building 224 Campbell Place 111 Vernon Shepard Lane Jacksonville, North Carolina 28546 Jacksonville, North Carolina 28540 910-346-3866 910-389-6392 Bob Muller, District 16 633 Legislative Office Building P.O. Box 443 Hampstead, North Carolina 28443 910-270-3840

State Senate for Onslow County North Carolina Senate 300 North Salisbury Street, Room 300-B Raleigh, North Carolina 27603-5925 919-715-3034

Senator Harry Brown, Majority Leader, District 6 300-B Legislative Office Building 2223 North Marine Boulevard Jacksonville, North Carolina 28546 910-347-3777

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 23 November 28, 2017 Appendix D North Carolina Federal Officials

United States Senator Richard Burr United States Senator Thom Tillis 2000 West First Street, Suite 508 310 New Bern Avenue, Suite 122 Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27104 Raleigh, NC 27601 336-631-5125 919-856-4630

217 Russell Senate Office Building 185 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510 Washington, DC 20510 202-224-3154 202-224-6342

United States House of Representative Walter Jones, Jr. 3rd Congressional District 234 Northwest Corridor Boulevard, Room 313B Jacksonville, North Carolina 28540 252-565-6846

2333 Rayburn HOB Washington, DC 20515 202-225-3415

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 24 November 28, 2017 Appendix E Potentially Responsible Party

Mr. Milton, Victor and Martha Melts 803 Bryce Court Wilmington, North Carolina 28405

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 25 November 28, 2017 Appendix F Media Contacts

Media - Local Television Stations WWAY – ABC, Channel 3 WITN – NBC, Channel 7 615 North Front Street 275 East Arlington Boulevard Wilmington, North Carolina 28401 Greenville, North Carolina 27858 910-762-8581 252-439-7777 WECT – NBC, Channel 6 WNCT – CBS, Channel 9 322 Shipyard Boulevard 3221 South Evans Street Wilmington, North Carolina 28412 Greenville, North Carolina 27834 910-791-8070 252-355-8500 WUNM – PBC, Channel 19 WPXU – ION, Channel 35 10 T.W. Alexander Drive 1301 South Glenburnie Road Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 New Bern, North Carolina 28562 800-906-5050 877-391-6216

Media – Radio Stations WSFL, 106.5 FM WQSL, 92.3 FM 207 Glenburnie Drive 1361 Colony Drive New Bern, North Carolina 28560 New Bern, North Carolina 28562 252-633-1500 252-639-7900 WAVQ, 95.5 FM1400 AM WLSG – 94.1 FM 907 Lejeune Boulevard 410 New Bridge Street, Suite 3B Jacksonville, North Carolina 29540 Jacksonville, North Carolina 28450 910-219-0455 910-346-2248 WRMR, 98.7 FM WLSG – 101.9 FM 25 North Kerr Avenue 207 Glenburnie Drive Wilmington, North Carolina 28405 New Bern, North Carolina 28560 910-791-3088 252-439-1345

Media – Newspapers The Globe JDNews 149 Rea Street, Suite 100 724 Bell Fork Road Jacksonville, North Carolina 28542 Jacksonville, North Carolina 28540 910-939-0700 910-353-1171 Tideland News 774 West Corbett Avenue

Swansboro, North Carolina 28584 910-326-5066

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 26 November 28, 2017 Appendix G Meeting Locations

Onslow County Public Library 58 Doris Avenue East Jacksonville, North Carolina 28540 910-455-7350

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 27 November 28, 2017 Appendix H Information Repository Locations

Onslow County Public Library 58 Doris Avenue East Jacksonville, North Carolina 28540 910-455-7350

EPA Region 4 – Atlanta Library 61 Forsyth Street, Southwest Atlanta, Georgia 30303 404-562-8294

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 28 November 28, 2017 Appendix I Additional Resources

Elizabeth A. Hartzell (State RPM) North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources 1646 Mail Service Center Raleigh, North Carolina 27699 919-707-8335 [email protected]

Stacey Haire (EPA Attorney) U.S. EPA Region 4 61 Forsyth Street, Southwest Atlanta, Georgia 30303 404-562-9676 [email protected]

ABC One-Hour Cleaners Site Page | 29 November 28, 2017