Towards a Highly Efficient Process for the Synthesis of Kojibiose
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas Typographi Sp. Nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips Typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology
insects Article Bacteria Belonging to Pseudomonas typographi sp. nov. from the Bark Beetle Ips typographus Have Genomic Potential to Aid in the Host Ecology Ezequiel Peral-Aranega 1,2 , Zaki Saati-Santamaría 1,2 , Miroslav Kolaˇrik 3,4, Raúl Rivas 1,2,5 and Paula García-Fraile 1,2,4,5,* 1 Microbiology and Genetics Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; [email protected] (E.P.-A.); [email protected] (Z.S.-S.); [email protected] (R.R.) 2 Spanish-Portuguese Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE), 37185 Salamanca, Spain 3 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] 4 Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic 5 Associated Research Unit of Plant-Microorganism Interaction, University of Salamanca-IRNASA-CSIC, 37008 Salamanca, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 4 July 2020; Accepted: 1 September 2020; Published: 3 September 2020 Simple Summary: European Bark Beetle (Ips typographus) is a pest that affects dead and weakened spruce trees. Under certain environmental conditions, it has massive outbreaks, resulting in attacks of healthy trees, becoming a forest pest. It has been proposed that the bark beetle’s microbiome plays a key role in the insect’s ecology, providing nutrients, inhibiting pathogens, and degrading tree defense compounds, among other probable traits. During a study of bacterial associates from I. typographus, we isolated three strains identified as Pseudomonas from different beetle life stages. In this work, we aimed to reveal the taxonomic status of these bacterial strains and to sequence and annotate their genomes to mine possible traits related to a role within the bark beetle holobiont. -
Download Author Version (PDF)
Green Chemistry Accepted Manuscript This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. We will replace this Accepted Manuscript with the edited and formatted Advance Article as soon as it is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/greenchem Page 1 of 30 Green Chemistry 1 A sustainable biotechnological process for the efficient synthesis of kojibiose 2 3 Marina Díez-Municio, Antonia Montilla, F. Javier Moreno * and Miguel Herrero 4 5 Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), CEI 6 (UAM+CSIC), C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain. 7 8 * Corresponding author: Tel.: +34 91 0017948; E-mail address: [email protected] 9 GreenChemistry Accepted Manuscript Green Chemistry Page 2 of 30 10 ABSTRACT 11 This work reports the optimization of a cost-effective and scalable process for 12 the enzymatic synthesis of kojibiose (2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucose) from 13 readily available and low-cost substrates such as sucrose and lactose. -
The Effects of Acute Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation
THE EFFECTS OF ACUTE NICOTINAMIDE RIBOSIDE SUPPLEMENTATION ON SUBSTRATE UTILISATION AND 5KM TIME-TRIAL PERFORMANCE By ELIZABETH LOUISE GRAY A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of MASTERS BY RESEARCH School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences College of Life and Environmental Studies University of Birmingham August 2018 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) administration has been shown to increase fat oxidation and improve endurance performance in rodents, whilst recent research has proven it is safe for human consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of acute NR supplementation on substrate utilisation and exercise performance in humans. In this counter-balanced, crossover design study, eleven recreationally-active males performed a 60-minute bout of cycling at 55% VO2max, followed by a 5km time-trial. Participants completed this twice during visits separated by at least one week, once following the consumption of 1000mg NR, and the other following placebo consumption. The contribution of fat oxidation to total substrate utilisation was not significantly different between the NR and placebo conditions during steady-state exercise (22.3±9.0% and 19.6±7.3%, respectively; p < 0.05). -
Enzymatic Glycosylation of Small Molecules
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Groningen University of Groningen Enzymatic Glycosylation of Small Molecules Desmet, Tom; Soetaert, Wim; Bojarova, Pavla; Kren, Vladimir; Dijkhuizen, Lubbert; Eastwick- Field, Vanessa; Schiller, Alexander; Křen, Vladimir Published in: Chemistry : a European Journal DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103069 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2012 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Desmet, T., Soetaert, W., Bojarova, P., Kren, V., Dijkhuizen, L., Eastwick-Field, V., ... Křen, V. (2012). Enzymatic Glycosylation of Small Molecules: Challenging Substrates Require Tailored Catalysts. Chemistry : a European Journal, 18(35), 10786-10801. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201103069 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. -
New Computational Approaches for Investigating the Impact of Mutations on the Transglucosylation Activity of Sucrose Phosphorylase Enzyme
Thesis submitted to the Université de la Réunion for award of Doctor of Philosophy in Sciences speciality in bioinformatics New computational approaches for investigating the impact of mutations on the transglucosylation activity of sucrose phosphorylase enzyme Mahesh VELUSAMY Thesis to be presented on 18th December 2018 in front of the jury composed of Mme Isabelle ANDRE, Directeur de Recherche CNRS, INSA de TOULOUSE, Rapporteur M. Manuel DAUCHEZ, Professeur, Université de Reims Champagne Ardennes, Rapporteur M. Richard DANIELLOU, Professeur, Université d'Orléans, Examinateur M. Yves-Henri SANEJOUAND, Directeur de Recherche CNRS, Université de Nantes, Examinateur Mme Irène MAFFUCCI, Maître de Conférences, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Examinateur Mme Corinne MIRAL, Maître de Conférences HDR, Université de Nantes, Examinateur M. Frédéric CADET, Professeur, Université de La Réunion, Co-directeur de thèse M. Bernard OFFMANN, Professeur, Université de Nantes, Directeur de thèse ெ்்ந்ி ிைு்ூுத் ெ்யாம் ெ்த உதி்ு ையகு் ானகு் ஆ்ற் அிு. -ிு்ு் ுதி் அ்ப் ுுக், எனு த்ைத ேுாி, தா் க்ூி, அ்ண் ு்ு்ுமா், த்ைக பா்பா, ஆ்தா ுு்மா், ீனா, அ்ண் ்ுக், ெபிய்பா, ெபிய்மா ம்ு் உுுைணயா் இு்த அைண்ு ந்ப்கு்ு் எனு மனமா்்த ந்ி. இ்த ஆ்ி்ைக ுுைம அை3த்ு ுுுத்்காரண், எனு ஆ்ி்ைக இய்ுன் ேபராிிய் ெப்னா்் ஆஃ்ேம். ப்ேு துண்கி் நா் மனதாு், ெபாுளாதார அளிு் க்3்ி் இு்தேபாு, என்ு இ்ெனாு த்ைதயாகே இு்ு எ்ைன பா்்ு்ெகா்3ா். ுி்பாக, எனு ூ்றா் ஆ்ு இுிி், அ்்ு எ்ளோ தி்ப்3 க3ைமக் ம்ு் ிர்ிைனக் இு்தாு், அைத்ெபாு்பு்தாு, அ் என்ு ெ்த ெபாுளாதார உதி, ப்கைB்கழக பிு ம்ு் இதர ி்ாக ்ப்த்ப்3 உதிகு்ு எ்ன ைகமா்ு ெகாு்தாு் ஈ3ாகாு. -
Taxonomic Binning Approaches and Functional Characteristics of the Microbial Community During the Anaerobic Digestion of Hydrolyzed Corncob
energies Article Taxonomic Binning Approaches and Functional Characteristics of the Microbial Community during the Anaerobic Digestion of Hydrolyzed Corncob Luz Breton-Deval 1 , Ilse Salinas-Peralta 1 , Jaime Santiago Alarcón Aguirre 2, Belkis Sulbarán-Rangel 2,* and Kelly Joel Gurubel Tun 2,* 1 Catedras Conacyt, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico; [email protected] (L.B.-D.); [email protected] (I.S.-P.) 2 Department of Water and Energy, University of Guadalajara Campus Tonalá, Tonalá 45425, Mexico; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (B.S.-R.); [email protected] (K.J.G.T.); Tel.: +52-33-2000-2300 (K.J.G.T.) Abstract: Maize forms the basis of Mexican food. As a result, approximately six million tons of corncob are produced each year, which represents an environmental issue, as well as a potential feedstock for biogas production. This research aimed to analyze the taxonomic and functional shift in the microbiome of the fermenters using a whole metagenome shotgun approach. Two strategies were used to understand the microbial community at the beginning and the end of anaerobic digestion: (i) phylogenetic analysis to infer the presence and coverage of clade-specific markers to assign taxonomy and (ii) the recovery of the individual genomes from the samples using the binning of the assembled scaffolds. The results showed that anaerobic digestion brought some noticeable changes and the main microbial community was composed of Corynebacterium variable, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Vibrio furnissii, Shewanella spp., Actinoplanes spp., Pseudoxanthomonas spp., Saccharomonospora azurea, Citation: Breton-Deval, L.; Agromyces spp., Serinicoccus spp., Cellulomonas spp., Pseudonocardia spp., Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Salinas-Peralta, I.; Alarcón Aguirre, Sphingobacterium spp. -
Chem331 Glycogen Metabolism
Glycogen metabolism Glycogen review - 1,4 and 1,6 α-glycosidic links ~ every 10 sugars are branched - open helix with many non-reducing ends. Effective storage of glucose Glucose storage Liver glycogen 4.0% 72 g Muscle glycogen 0.7% 245 g Blood Glucose 0.1% 10 g Large amount of water associated with glycogen - 0.5% of total weight Glycogen stored in granules in cytosol w/proteins for synthesis, degradation and control There are very different means of control of glycogen metabolism between liver and muscle Glycogen biosynthetic and degradative cycle Two different pathways - which do not share enzymes like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis glucose -> glycogen glycogenesis - biosynthetic glycogen -> glucose 1-P glycogenolysis - breakdown Evidence for two paths - Patients lacking phosphorylase can still synthesize glycogen - hormonal regulation of both directions Glycogenolysis (glycogen breakdown)- Glycogen Phosphorylase glycogen (n) + Pi -> glucose 1-p + glycogen (n-1) • Enzyme binds and cleaves glycogen into monomers at the end of the polymer (reducing ends of glycogen) • Dimmer interacting at the N-terminus. • rate limiting - controlled step in glycogen breakdown • glycogen phosphorylase - cleavage of 1,4 α glycosidic bond by Pi NOT H2O • Energy of phosphorolysis vs. hydrolysis -low standard state free energy change -transfer potential -driven by Pi concentration -Hydrolysis would require additional step s/ cost of ATP - Think of the difference between adding a phosphate group with hydrolysis • phosphorylation locks glucose in cell (imp. for muscle) • Phosphorylase binds glycogen at storage site and the catalytic site is 4 to 5 glucose residues away from the catalytic site. • Phosphorylase removes 1 residue at a time from glycogen until 4 glucose residues away on either side of 1,6 branch point – stericaly hindered by glycogen storage site • Cleaves without releasing at storage site • general acid/base catalysts • Inorganic phosphate attacks the terminal glucose residue passing through an oxonium ion intermediate. -
Glycogenosis Due to Liver and Muscle Phosphorylase Kinase Deficiency
Pediat. Res. 15: 299-303 (198 1) genetics muscle glycogenosis phosphorylase kinase deficiency liver Glycogenosis Due to Liver and Muscle Phosphorylase Kinase Deficiency N. BASHAN. T. C. IANCU. A. LERNER. D. FRASER, R. POTASHNIK. AND S. W. MOSES'"' Pediatric Research Laborarorv. Soroka Medical Center. Iaculr~of Health Sciences. Ben-Gurion Universi!,' of Negev. Beer-Sheva, and Department of Pediatrics. Carmel Hospiral. Huifa. Israel Summary hepatomegaly. The family history disclosed that two sisters were similarly affected, whereas one older brother was apparently A four-year-old Israeli Arab boy was found to have glycogen healthy. accumulation in both liver and muscle without clinical symptoms. Past history was unremarkable. The patient's height was below Liver phosphorylase kinase (PK) activity was 20% of normal, the third percentile for his age in contrast to a normal weight. He resulting in undetectable activity of phosphorylase a. Muscle PK had a doll face and a protuberant abdomen. The liver was palpable activity was about 25% of normal, resulting in a marked decrease 9 cm below the costal margin. Slight muscular hypotonia and of phosphorylase a activity. weakness were noticeable with normal tendon reflexes. He had Two sisters showed a similar pattern, whereas one brother had slightly abnormal liver function tests. a fasting blood sugar of 72 normal PK activity. The patient's liver protein kinase activity was mg %, a normal glucagon test. and no lactic acidemia or uricemia normal. Addition of exogenous protein kinase did not affect PK but slight lipidemia. Electronmicroscopic studies of a liver biopsy activity, whereas exogenous PK restored phosphorylase activity revealed marked deposition of glycogen. -
Protein & Peptide Letters
696 Send Orders for Reprints to [email protected] Protein & Peptide Letters, 2017, 24, 696-709 REVIEW ARTICLE ISSN: 0929-8665 eISSN: 1875-5305 Impact Factor: 1.068 Glycan Phosphorylases in Multi-Enzyme Synthetic Processes BENTHAM Editor-in-Chief: SCIENCE Ben M. Dunn Giulia Pergolizzia, Sakonwan Kuhaudomlarpa, Eeshan Kalitaa,b and Robert A. Fielda,* aDepartment of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK; bDepartment of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam -784028, India Abstract: Glycoside phosphorylases catalyse the reversible synthesis of glycosidic bonds by glyco- A R T I C L E H I S T O R Y sylation with concomitant release of inorganic phosphate. The equilibrium position of such reac- tions can render them of limited synthetic utility, unless coupled with a secondary enzymatic step Received: January 17, 2017 Revised: May 24, 2017 where the reaction lies heavily in favour of product. This article surveys recent works on the com- Accepted: June 20, 2017 bined use of glycan phosphorylases with other enzymes to achieve synthetically useful processes. DOI: 10.2174/0929866524666170811125109 Keywords: Phosphorylase, disaccharide, α-glucan, cellodextrin, high-value products, biofuel. O O 1. INTRODUCTION + HO OH Glycoside phosphorylases (GPs) are carbohydrate-active GH enzymes (CAZymes) (URL: http://www.cazy.org/) [1] in- H2O O GP volved in the formation/cleavage of glycosidic bond together O O GT O O + HO O + HO with glycosyltransferase (GT) and glycoside hydrolase (GH) O -- NDP OPO3 NDP -- families (Figure 1) [2-6]. GT reactions favour the thermody- HPO4 namically more stable glycoside product [7]; however, these GS R enzymes can be challenging to work with because of their O O + HO current limited availability and relative instability, along R with the expense of sugar nucleotide substrates [7]. -
Muscle Glycogen Phosphorylase and Its Functional Partners in Health and Disease
cells Review Muscle Glycogen Phosphorylase and Its Functional Partners in Health and Disease Marta Migocka-Patrzałek * and Magdalena Elias Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Glycogen phosphorylase (PG) is a key enzyme taking part in the first step of glycogenolysis. Muscle glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM) differs from other PG isoforms in expression pattern and biochemical properties. The main role of PYGM is providing sufficient energy for muscle contraction. However, it is expressed in tissues other than muscle, such as the brain, lymphoid tissues, and blood. PYGM is important not only in glycogen metabolism, but also in such diverse processes as the insulin and glucagon signaling pathway, insulin resistance, necroptosis, immune response, and phototransduction. PYGM is implicated in several pathological states, such as muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency (McArdle disease), schizophrenia, and cancer. Here we attempt to analyze the available data regarding the protein partners of PYGM to shed light on its possible interactions and functions. We also underline the potential for zebrafish to become a convenient and applicable model to study PYGM functions, especially because of its unique features that can complement data obtained from other approaches. Keywords: PYGM; muscle glycogen phosphorylase; functional protein partners; glycogenolysis; McArdle disease; cancer; schizophrenia Citation: Migocka-Patrzałek, M.; Elias, M. Muscle Glycogen Phosphorylase and Its Functional Partners in Health and Disease. Cells 1. Introduction 2021, 10, 883. https://doi.org/ The main energy substrate in animal tissues is glucose, which is stored in the liver and 10.3390/cells10040883 muscles in the form of glycogen, a polymer consisting of glucose molecules. -
Supplementary Informations SI2. Supplementary Table 1
Supplementary Informations SI2. Supplementary Table 1. M9, soil, and rhizosphere media composition. LB in Compound Name Exchange Reaction LB in soil LBin M9 rhizosphere H2O EX_cpd00001_e0 -15 -15 -10 O2 EX_cpd00007_e0 -15 -15 -10 Phosphate EX_cpd00009_e0 -15 -15 -10 CO2 EX_cpd00011_e0 -15 -15 0 Ammonia EX_cpd00013_e0 -7.5 -7.5 -10 L-glutamate EX_cpd00023_e0 0 -0.0283302 0 D-glucose EX_cpd00027_e0 -0.61972444 -0.04098397 0 Mn2 EX_cpd00030_e0 -15 -15 -10 Glycine EX_cpd00033_e0 -0.0068175 -0.00693094 0 Zn2 EX_cpd00034_e0 -15 -15 -10 L-alanine EX_cpd00035_e0 -0.02780553 -0.00823049 0 Succinate EX_cpd00036_e0 -0.0056245 -0.12240603 0 L-lysine EX_cpd00039_e0 0 -10 0 L-aspartate EX_cpd00041_e0 0 -0.03205557 0 Sulfate EX_cpd00048_e0 -15 -15 -10 L-arginine EX_cpd00051_e0 -0.0068175 -0.00948672 0 L-serine EX_cpd00054_e0 0 -0.01004986 0 Cu2+ EX_cpd00058_e0 -15 -15 -10 Ca2+ EX_cpd00063_e0 -15 -100 -10 L-ornithine EX_cpd00064_e0 -0.0068175 -0.00831712 0 H+ EX_cpd00067_e0 -15 -15 -10 L-tyrosine EX_cpd00069_e0 -0.0068175 -0.00233919 0 Sucrose EX_cpd00076_e0 0 -0.02049199 0 L-cysteine EX_cpd00084_e0 -0.0068175 0 0 Cl- EX_cpd00099_e0 -15 -15 -10 Glycerol EX_cpd00100_e0 0 0 -10 Biotin EX_cpd00104_e0 -15 -15 0 D-ribose EX_cpd00105_e0 -0.01862144 0 0 L-leucine EX_cpd00107_e0 -0.03596182 -0.00303228 0 D-galactose EX_cpd00108_e0 -0.25290619 -0.18317325 0 L-histidine EX_cpd00119_e0 -0.0068175 -0.00506825 0 L-proline EX_cpd00129_e0 -0.01102953 0 0 L-malate EX_cpd00130_e0 -0.03649016 -0.79413596 0 D-mannose EX_cpd00138_e0 -0.2540567 -0.05436649 0 Co2 EX_cpd00149_e0 -
Selective Fermentation of Potential Prebiotic Lactose-Derived Oligosaccharides By
1 Selective fermentation of potential prebiotic lactose-derived oligosaccharides by 2 probiotic bacteria 3 4 Tomás García-Cayuela, Marina Díez-Municio, Miguel Herrero, M. Carmen Martínez- 5 Cuesta, Carmen Peláez, Teresa Requena*, F. Javier Moreno 6 7 Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), CEI 8 (UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain. 9 10 * Corresponding author: Tel.: +34 91 0017900; E-mail address: [email protected] 11 1 12 Abstract 13 The growth of potential probiotic strains from the genera Lactobacillus, 14 Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus was evaluated with the novel lactose-derived 15 trisaccharides 4’-galactosyl-kojibiose and lactulosucrose and the potential prebiotics 16 lactosucrose and kojibiose. The novel oligosaccharides were synthesized from 17 equimolar sucrose:lactose and sucrose:lactulose mixtures, respectively, by the use of a 18 Leuconostoc mesenteroides dextransucrase and purified by liquid chromatography. The 19 growth of the strains using the purified carbohydrates as the sole carbon source was 20 evaluated by recording the culture optical density and calculating maximum growth 21 rates and lag phase parameters. The results revealed an apparent bifidogenic effect of 22 lactulosucrose, being also a moderate substrate for streptococci and poorlybut badly 23 utilized by lactobacilli. In addition, 4’-galactosyl-kojibiose was selectively fermented by 24 Bifidobacterium breve, which was also the only tested bifidobacterial species able to 25 ferment kojibiose. The described fermentation properties of the specific probiotic strains 26 on the lactose-derived oligosaccharides would enable the design of prebiotics with a 27 high degree of selectivity. 28 29 Keywords: Prebiotic; Lactose-derived oligosaccharides; Probiotic; Bifidobacterium; 30 Lactobacillus; Streptococcus 31 2 32 1.