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Database and Operational Classification System of Ecosystem Service – Natural Capital Relationships Database and operational classification system of ecosystem service – natural capital relationships Deliverable D3.1 / WP3 Version 2.1: February 2017 M. Pérez Soba1, P.A. Harrison2, A.C. Smith2, G. Simpson2, M. Uiterwijk1, L. Miguel Ayala1, F. Archaux3, M. Blicharska4, B. Egoh6, T. Erős5, N. Fabrega Domenech6, Á. I. György5, R. Haines-Young4, S. Li2, E. Lommelen7, L. Meiresonne7, L. Mononen8, E. Stange9, F. Turkelboom7, C. Veerkamp10 and V. Wyllie de Echeverria2 1Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, the Netherlands 2Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, UK 3IRSTEA, Domaine des Barres, 45290 Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France 4CEM, School of Geography, University of Nottingham, UK 5Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences 6 European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC) 7Institute for Nature and Forest Research (INB0), Belgium 8 Finnish Environment Institute 9 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) 10WUR/PBL, the Netherlands From concepts to real-world applications www.openness-project.eu D3.1 – Database and operational classification system of ecosystem service-natural capital relationships 2 Prepared under contract from the European Commission Contract n° 308428 Collaborative project FP7 Environment Project acronym: OpenNESS Project full title: Operationalisation of natural capital and ecosystem services: from concepts to real-world applications Start of the project: 01 December 2012 Duration: 54 months Project coordinator: Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) Project website http://www.openness-project.eu Deliverable title: Database and operational classification system of ES-natural capital relationships Deliverable n°: D3.1 Nature of the deliverable: Report Dissemination level: Public WP responsible: WP3 Lead beneficiary: Alterra Citation: EU FP7 OpenNESS Project Deliverable 3.1, M. Pérez Soba, P.A. Harrison, A.C. Smith, G. Simpson, M. Uiterwijk, L. Miguel Ayala, F. Archaux, M. Blicharska, T. Erős, N. Fabrega, Á. I. György, R. Haines-Young, S. Li, E. Lommelen, L. Meiresonne, L. Mononen, E. Stange, F. Turkelboom, C. Veerkamp and V. Wyllie de Echeverria. Database and operational classification system of ecosystem service -natural capital relationships. European Commission FP7, 2015. Due date of deliverable: Month n° 24 Actual submission date: Month n° 27 Deliverable status: Version Status Date Reviewed by Author(s) 1.1 Final February 2014 M. Pérez Soba, P.A. Harrison, A.C. Smith et al. 2.0 Update August 2016 M. Pérez Soba, P.A. Harrison, A.C. Smith et al. 2.1 Minor February 2017 M. Pérez Soba, P.A. Harrison, A.C. Smith et al. correction The contents of this deliverable do not necessarily reflect the official opinions of the European Commission or other institutions of the European Union. D3.1 – Database and operational classification system of ecosystem service-natural capital relationships 3 Table of contents Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 5 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Links between natural capital and ecosystem services: current knowledge .................................... 9 2 Methods .......................................................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Selection of ecosystem services ...................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Development of OpenNESS database tool ...................................................................................... 15 2.3 Literature search and data entry ..................................................................................................... 24 2.4 Network diagrams ........................................................................................................................... 25 3 Overview and synthesis of results .................................................................................................... 26 3.1 Location and spatial scale ................................................................................................................ 26 3.2 Ecosystem type and condition ......................................................................................................... 28 3.3 Linkages between natural capital and ecosystem services ............................................................. 31 3.4 Human input and management ...................................................................................................... 44 3.5 Interactions with other ecosystem services .................................................................................... 47 3.6 Thresholds ....................................................................................................................................... 50 3.7 Indicators for ecosystem service assessment ................................................................................. 52 3.8 Policies ............................................................................................................................................. 53 4 Results for each ecosystem service .................................................................................................. 53 4.1 Freshwater fishing ........................................................................................................................... 53 4.2 Timber production ........................................................................................................................... 56 4.3 Water supply ................................................................................................................................... 58 4.4 Food production (cultivated crops) ................................................................................................. 60 4.5 Air quality regulation ....................................................................................................................... 62 4.6 Atmospheric regulation (carbon sequestration) ............................................................................. 65 4.7 Mass flow regulation (erosion protection) ...................................................................................... 68 4.8 Water flow regulation (flood protection) ........................................................................................ 69 4.9 Water quality regulation ................................................................................................................. 72 4.10 Pollination ........................................................................................................................................ 75 4.11 Pest Regulation ................................................................................................................................ 77 4.12 Recreation (species-based).............................................................................................................. 79 4.13 Aesthetic landscapes ....................................................................................................................... 81 5 Discussion ....................................................................................................................................... 83 D3.1 – Database and operational classification system of ecosystem service-natural capital relationships 4 5.1 Coverage of regions and ecosystems .............................................................................................. 84 5.2 Linkages between natural capital and ecosystem services ............................................................. 84 5.3 The role of human intervention in protecting and enhancing ecosystem services ........................ 87 6 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................... 88 6.1 Outputs for OpenNESS .................................................................................................................... 88 6.2 Data gaps and recommendations for future work .......................................................................... 89 Annex 1: Supplementary literature search on ecosystem services and biophysical thresholds ................. 90 Annex 2: Analysis of variation of biotic attributes by location and spatial scale ....................................... 93 Annex 3: Indicators for ecosystem assessment ........................................................................................ 98 Annex 4: Policies ................................................................................................................................... 104 Annex 5: Short reports for each ecosystem service ................................................................................ 108 Annex 6: The OpenNESS database tool .................................................................................................. 109 Technical details ........................................................................................................................................ 109 Screenshots ............................................................................................................................................... 109 Domain Model ..........................................................................................................................................
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