DOCSLIB.ORG

The Influence of Culverts on Small Stream Fish Communities in Northwestern Ontario

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Influence of Culverts on Small Stream Fish Communities in Northwestern Ontario THE INFLUENCE OF CULVERTS ON SMALL STREAM FISH COMMUNITIES IN NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO by Eric K. Berglund Submitted to Lakehead University, Department of Biology In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of M aster of Science Department of Biology Lakehead University Thunder Bay, Ontario 2007 Committee Members: Dr. Rob Mackereth Dr. Stephen Hecnar Dr. Peter Lee Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Library and Bibliothèque et 1^1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-31847-8 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-31847-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l'Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet,distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, électronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. reproduced without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformément à la loi canadienne Privacy Act some supporting sur la protection de la vie privée, forms may have been removed quelques formulaires secondaires from this thesis. ont été enlevés de cette thèse. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires in the document page count, aient inclus dans la pagination, their removal does not represent il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant. any loss of content from the thesis. Canada Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT Stream crossings may alter fish habitat and fragment lotie environments, which could alter fish movement in stream reaches and lead to changes in fish community structure and population dynamics at the local and riverscape level. The potential for point source disturbance impacts by culverts may be analogous to confluences and the hierarchal spatial arrangement of tributary junctions, which are known locations of increased biodiversity. There is currently limited information on habitat fragmentation and the cumulative effects that culverts might have at the local and landscape level on fish communities in northwestern Ontario. Forty-three culvert sites and seven confluence points on small cold water streams were selected across 10 watersheds northeast of Thunder Bay, Ontario to examine fish assemblages and community characteristics above and below culverts and confluence points, to: (1) determine the extent to which culverts block or impede the movement of fish; (2) to evaluate the relationships among patterns and responses of fish assemblages and functional groups to environmental variables and (3) compare the patterns of biological and physical disturbance between culverts and natural stream confluence points. Species richness, abundance, biomass and density were significantly lower below culverts compared to above (p<0.05). Conversely, there was no statistical difference when comparing fish demographics above and below confluence points. On average, there were fewer, but larger brook trout captured above culverts compared to below, suggesting that stronger swimming individuals were able to move through culverts. Although several environmental variables influence fish assemblages, the differences in habitat characteristics above and below culverts were marginal and unlikely to have a major affect in the structuring of fish communities, which suggests that difference in community assemblage above and below were the result of impeded movement. None of the culvert characteristics explained large amounts of variation in fish community above and below culverts. Although marginal, perched culverts and culverts not on stream bottom were most closely associated with differences in fish community above and below culverts. Upstream catchment area appeared to be the single most important environmental variable structuring fish communities across the study area. The results from my study support the hypothesis that culverts limit the movement of certain fish species. However, due to the combination of local and landscape environmental influences, it would be difficult to predict the long term impacts of culverts across multiple scales based on culvert characteristics alone. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Somehow, over the years I have managed to follow a path that has lead me to where I am today and I couldn’t be more thankful for the opportunities, experiences and people I have come to know along the way. I would like to thank a number of people for their support and guidance over the course of the last couple of years. I owe much gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. Rob Mackereth for his continued insight, knowledge, patience and wise cracks. Rob’s continued encouragement and his personality have made doing a masters thesis downright enjoyable. I would like to thank the members of my graduate committee, Dr. Peter Lee and Dr. Stephen Hecnar for their questions, comments and insightful review of this thesis. I would also like to thank the external examiner of this thesis. Dr. Garry Scrimgeour of Park Canada for his time and critical review of my thesis. I would like to thank the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Centre for Northern Forest Ecosystem Research (CNFER) and the OMNR Forest Policy Branch for the funding that has made this research possible and the Comparative Aquatic Effects Program (CAEP) in particular, for their technical and logistical support. I would especially like to thank Hayley Veldhoen, Darren McCormick and Bruce Thacker for their time and efforts throughout the course of this project. They have been completely indispensable and selfless it their help. Hayley put up with more than her fair share of honky-tonk music and was always keen to help out, both in the field and in the office. Darren’s computer know-how and attention to detail never went unnoticed; without his expertise I am sure that many parts of this thesis would have been much more of a struggle than they actually were. Bruce has consistently exuded a sense of calm and has been instrumental behind the scenes, keeping things running smooth and seemingly effortless; this and he has shared many fantastic stories during Hydropsychidae meetings. My thanks go out to a great crew of co-workers and friends. I would also like to thank my tremendously outgoing and hard working field crews that helped with data collection and became good friends at the same time: Matt Kowalchuck, Megan Rasmussen and Megan Crawly. Thank you. Special thanks to my good friends and fellow grad students, Brent Metcalfe and Scott Parker, who made me feel welcome when I first started at CNFER. Many hours and days were spent fishing, hunting and hanging out with these two great people doing anything but thesis writing.. .those days are indispensable. I would also like to acknowledge Eric Vander Wal and Mike Oatway for their friendship and inspiration. Lastly, I am ever-grateful for the love and support that my wife Nancy and my family have provided. Nancy is an inspiration and has always stood behind my efforts, a feet that is often difficult to do, but unbelievably important. Thank you all, so much. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Table of Contents A bstract....................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................. ii Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................... iii List of Figures........................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables............................................................................................................................ vi 1.0 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives............................................................................................................................. 11 2.0 General Methods ................................................................................... 14 2.1 Study Area.........................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ecology and Conservation of Mudminnow Species Worldwide
    FEATURE Ecology and Conservation of Mudminnow Species Worldwide Lauren M. Kuehne Ecología y conservación a nivel mundial School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 de los lucios RESUMEN: en este trabajo, se revisa y resume la ecología Julian D. Olden y estado de conservación del grupo de peces comúnmente School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box conocido como “lucios” (anteriormente conocidos como 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, and Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith Uni- la familia Umbridae, pero recientemente reclasificados en versity, QLD, 4111, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] la Esocidae) los cuales se constituyen de sólo cinco espe- cies distribuidas en tres continentes. Estos peces de cuerpo ABSTRACT: We review and summarize the ecology and con- pequeño —que viven en hábitats de agua dulce y presentan servation status of the group of fishes commonly known as movilidad limitada— suelen presentar poblaciones aisla- “mudminnows” (formerly known as the family Umbridae but das a lo largo de distintos paisajes y son sujetos a las típi- recently reclassified as Esocidae), consisting of only five species cas amenazas que enfrentan las especies endémicas que distributed on three continents. These small-bodied fish—resid- se encuentran en contacto directo con los impactos antro- ing in freshwater habitats and exhibiting limited mobility—often pogénicos como la contaminación, alteración de hábitat occur in isolated populations across landscapes and are subject e introducción de especies no nativas. Aquí se resume el to conservation threats common to highly endemic species in conocimiento actual acerca de la distribución, relaciones close contact with anthropogenic impacts, such as pollution, filogenéticas, ecología y estado de conservación de cada habitat alteration, and nonnative species introductions.
    [Show full text]
  • Esox Lucius) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
    Northern Pike (Esox lucius) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, February 2019 Web Version, 8/26/2019 Photo: Ryan Hagerty/USFWS. Public Domain – Government Work. Available: https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/26990/rec/22. (February 1, 2019). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2019a): “Circumpolar in fresh water. North America: Atlantic, Arctic, Pacific, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins from Labrador to Alaska and south to Pennsylvania and Nebraska, USA [Page and Burr 2011]. Eurasia: Caspian, Black, Baltic, White, Barents, Arctic, North and Aral Seas and Atlantic basins, southwest to Adour drainage; Mediterranean basin in Rhône drainage and northern Italy. Widely distributed in central Asia and Siberia easward [sic] to Anadyr drainage (Bering Sea basin). Historically absent from Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean France, central Italy, southern and western Greece, eastern Adriatic basin, Iceland, western Norway and northern Scotland.” Froese and Pauly (2019a) list Esox lucius as native in Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, Monaco, 1 Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Ukraine, Canada, and the United States (including Alaska). From Froese and Pauly (2019a): “Occurs in Erqishi river and Ulungur lake [in China].” “Known from the Selenge drainage [in Mongolia] [Kottelat 2006].” “[In Turkey:] Known from the European Black Sea watersheds, Anatolian Black Sea watersheds, Central and Western Anatolian lake watersheds, and Gulf watersheds (Firat Nehri, Dicle Nehri).
    [Show full text]
  • Redfin Pickerel
    Maine 2015 Wildlife Action Plan Revision Report Date: January 13, 2016 Esox americanus americanus (Redfin Pickerel) Priority 2 Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) Class: Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes) Order: Esociformes (Pikes And Mudminnows) Family: Esocidae (Pikes) General comments: none Species Conservation Range Maps for Redfin Pickerel: Town Map: Esox americanus americanus_Towns.pdf Subwatershed Map: Esox americanus americanus_HUC12.pdf SGCN Priority Ranking - Designation Criteria: Risk of Extirpation: Maine Status: Endangered State Special Concern or NMFS Species of Concern: NA Recent Significant Declines: NA Regional Endemic: NA High Regional Conservation Priority: NA High Climate Change Vulnerability: NA Understudied rare taxa: NA Historical: NA Culturally Significant: NA Habitats Assigned to Redfin Pickerel: Formation Name Freshwater Aquatic Macrogroup Name Lakes and Ponds Habitat System Name: Eutrophic **Primary Habitat** Macrogroup Name Rivers and Streams Habitat System Name: Headwaters and Creeks **Primary Habitat** Notes: Coastal Stream/River Habitat System Name: Small River **Primary Habitat** Notes: Coastal Stream/River Formation Name Intertidal Macrogroup Name Intertidal Water Column Habitat System Name: Confined Channel Notes: migration corridor Stressors Assigned to Redfin Pickerel: Moderate Severity High Severity Highly Actionable Medium-High High Stressor Priority Level based on Moderately Actionable Medium Medium-High Severity and Actionability Actionable with Difficulty Low Low IUCN Level 1 Threat Pollution
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Hooking Mortality, Associated Influential Factors, and Angling Gear Restrictions, with Implications for Management of the Alligator Gar
    A Review of Hooking Mortality, Associated Influential Factors, and Angling Gear Restrictions, with Implications for Management of the Alligator Gar by Daniel J. Daugherty and Daniel L. Bennett Management Data Series No. 297 2019 INLAND FISHERIES DIVISION 4200 Smith School Road Austin, Texas 78744 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) is dedicated to the conservation and management of quality fisheries for the Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula. To further inform science-based management decisions and identify knowledge gaps, we conducted a review of information concerning hooking mortality in catch-and-release fisheries, as well as gear-based regulations and best management practices (BMPs) in place to minimize its occurrence. Given the historic paucity of research on the Alligator Gar, no direct study of hooking mortality has been conducted. Thus, evaluations for species of similar form and function, as well as general information on hooking mortality in fishes, were reviewed to gain inferences on the potential significance of this mortality source within the context of Alligator Gar fisheries. Hooking mortality of other large-bodied top predators was generally less than 10%; deep hooking was the primary contributor to post-release mortality. Among 274 hooking mortality studies reviewed for various species, hooking mortality rates were positively skewed (median = 11%, mean = 18%). Anatomical hooking location was again the most significant factor influencing mortality. No states have implemented gear-based restrictions for Alligator Gar; however, restrictions on hook type for species exhibiting similar life-history or anatomical features (e.g., pikes Esox spp. and sturgeons Acipenser spp.) have been used to reduce the likelihood of deep hooking.
    [Show full text]
  • Pennsylvania Fishes IDENTIFICATION GUIDE
    Pennsylvania Fishes IDENTIFICATION GUIDE Editor’s Note: During 2018, Pennsylvania Angler & the status of fishes in or introduced into Pennsylvania’s Boater magazine will feature select common fishes of major watersheds. Pennsylvania in each issue, providing scientific names and The table below denotes any known occurrence. WATERSHEDS SPECIES STATUS E O G P S D Freshwater Eels (Family Anguillidae) American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) N N N N Species Status Herrings (Family Clupeidae) EN = Endangered Blueback Herring (Alosa aestivalis) N TH = Threatened Skipjack Herring (Alosa chrysochloris) DL N Hickory Shad (Alosa mediocris) EN N C = Candidate Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) I N N American Shad (Alosa sapidissima) N N EX = Believed extirpated Atlantic Menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) N DL = Delisted (removed from the Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) N N N N endangered, threatened or candidate species list due to significant Suckers (Family Catostomidae) expansion of range and abundance) River Carpsucker (Carpiodes carpio) N Quillback (Carpiodes cyprinus) N N N N Highfin Carpsucker (Carpiodes velifer) EX N Watersheds Longnose Sucker (Catostomus catostomus) EN N N White Sucker (Catostomus commersonii) N N N N N N E = Lake Erie Blue Sucker (Cycleptus elongatus) EX N O = Ohio River Eastern Creek Chubsucker (Erimyzon oblongus) N N N Lake Chubsucker (Erimyzon sucetta) EX N G = Genesee River Northern Hogsucker (Hypentelium nigricans) N N N N N X Smallmouth Buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus) DL N N P = Potomac River Bigmouth Buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus)
    [Show full text]
  • How to Use This Checklist
    How To Use This Checklist JAWLESS FISHES: SUPERCLASS AGNATHA Pikes: Family Esocidae LAMPREYS: CLASS CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI __ Grass Pickerel Esox americanus O Lampreys: Family Petromyzontidae __ Northern Pike Esox lucius O; Lake Erie and Hinckley Lake; The information presented in this checklist reflects our __ Silver Lamprey Ichthyomyzon unicuspis h current understanding of the status of fishes within Cleveland formerly common __ American brook Lamprey Lampetra appendix R; __ Muskellunge Esox masquinongy R; Lake Erie; Metroparks. You can add to our understanding by being a Chagrin River formerly common knowledgeable observer. Record your observations and __ *Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus O; Lake Erie; Minnows: Family Cyprinidae contact a naturalist if you find something that may be of formerly common; native to Atlantic Coast __ Golden Shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas C interest. JAWED FISHES: SUPERCLASS __ Redside Dace Clinostomus elongatus O GNATHOSTOMATA __ Southern Redbelly Dace Phoxinus erythrogaster R Species are listed taxonomically. Each species is listed with a BONY FISHES: CLASS OSTEICHTHYES __ Creek Chub Semotilus atromaculatus C common name, a scientific name and a note about its Sturgeons: Family Acipenseridae __ Hornyhead Chub Nocomis biguttatus h; formerly in occurrence within Cleveland Metroparks. Check off species __ Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens h; Lake Erie; Cuyahoga and Chagrin River drainages. that you identify in Cleveland Metroparks. Ohio endangered __ River Chub Nocomis micropogon C; Chagrin River; O Gars: Family
    [Show full text]
  • Minnesota Fish Taxonomic Key 2017 Edition
    Minnesota Fish Taxonomic Key 2017 Edition Pictures from – NANFA (2017) Warren Lamb Aquatic Biology Program Bemidji State University Bemidji, MN 56601 Introduction Minnesota’s landscape is maze of lakes and river that are home to a recorded total of 163 species of fish. This document is a complete and current dichotomous taxonomic key of the Minnesota fishes. This key was based on the 1972 “Northern Fishes” key (Eddy 1972), and updated based on Dr. Jay Hatch’s article “Minnesota Fishes: Just How Many Are There?” (Hatch 2016). Any new species or family additions were also referenced to the 7th edition of the American Fisheries society “Names of North American Fishes” (Page et al. 2013) to assess whether a fish species is currently recognized by the scientific community. Identifying characteristics for new additions were compared to those found in Page and Burr (2011). In total five species and one family have been added to the taxonomic key, while three have been removed since the last publication. Species pictures within the keys have been provide from either Bemidji State University Ichthyology Students or North American Native Fish Association (NANFA). My hope is that this document will offer an accurate and simple key so anyone can identify the fish they may encounter in Minnesota. Warren Lamb – 2017 Pictures from – NANFA (2017) References Eddy, S. and J. C. Underhill. 1974. Northern Fishes. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. 414 pp. Hatch, J. 2015. Minnesota fishes: just how many are there anyway? American Currents 40:10-21. Page, L. M. and B. M. Burr. 2011. Peterson Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes of North America North of Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Basic Identification of Common Game and Non-Game Fishes of North Carolina
    BASIC IDENTIFICATION OF COMMON GAME AND NON-GAME FISHES OF NORTH CAROLINA Prepared for use as an Instructional Tool for Wildlife Enforcement Officer Basic Training Chad D. Thomas Fisheries Biologist NORTH CAROLINA WILDLIFE RESOURCES COMMISSION DIVISION OF INLAND FISHERIES Raleigh, North Carolina 2000 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Lesson Purpose and Justification .....................................................................................1 Training Objectives ...........................................................................................................1 Legal Definitions of Fishes ................................................................................................2 Anatomical Features of Fishes..........................................................................................3 Key to Families of North Carolina Fishes........................................................................5 Description of Common Game and Non-game Fishes..................................................10 Mountain Trout (Family Salmonidae) Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) ..................................................................... 10 Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).............................................................. 10 Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) ................................................................................. 11 Kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) .......................................................................... 11 Sunfish (Family Centrarchidae) Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Etyfish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J
    ESOCIFORMES · 1 The ETYFish Project © Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara COMMENTS: v. 3.0 - 10 Nov. 2018 Subcohort PROTACANTHOPTERYGII protos, first; acanthus, spine; pteron, fin or wing, ray-finned fishes that lack spines and therefore are presumed to resemble ancestors of spiny rayed fishes Order ESOCIFORMES 2 families · 4 genera · 15 species/subspecies Family ESOCIDAE Pikes Esox Linnaeus 1758 latinized Gaulish word for a large fish from the Rhine, possibly originally applied to a salmon, now applied to pikes Esox americanus americanus Gmelin 1789 American, distinguishing it from the circumpolar E. lucius Esox americanus vermiculatus Lesueur 1846 referring to “narrow, winding” vermiculations on sides, “closer and more tight” on females (translations) Esox aquitanicus Denys, Dettai, Persat, Hautecoeur & Keith 2014 -icus, belonging to: Aquitaine, region of southwestern France, where it was discovered Esox cisalpinus Bianco & Delmastro 2011 cis-, on this side; alpinus, alpine, referring to its distribution on one side (the Italian) of the Alps Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 Latin for pike, referring to its long, pointed snout Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824 Native American name for this species, from the Ojibway (Chippewa) mask, ugly; kinongé, fish [due to a bibliographic error, Mitchill’s description had been “lost” since its publication until 2015, when it was rediscovered by Ronald Fricke, upon which it was revealed that Mitchill used a vernacular name instead of proposing a new binomial; Jordan, who searched for Mitchill’s description but never found it, nevertheless treated the name as valid in 1885, a decision accepted by every fish taxonomist ever since; technically, name and/or author and/or date should change depending on first available name (not researched), but prevailing usage may apply] Esox niger Lesueur 1818 black or dark, referring to its juvenile coloration Esox reichertii Dybowski 1869 patronym not identified, probably in honor of Dybowski’s anatomy professor Karl Bogislaus Reichert (1811-1883) Esox aquitanicus.
    [Show full text]
  • Jacob Kirk Ichthyology 4453 Literature Review of the Chain Pickerel Esox
    Kirk 1 Jacob Kirk Ichthyology 4453 Literature Review of the Chain Pickerel Esox niger Kirk 2 ABSTRACT The Chain Pickerel Esox niger is the larger of the two pickerel species found in Mississippi. This predatory fish is characterized by an elongated body, homocercal tail, and an elongated snout with several sharp teeth. Other species within the family Esocidae similar in appearance to the Chain Pickerel include the Grass Pickerel Esox americanus and Northern Pike Esox lucius. Chain pickerel are solitary ambush predators that prefer to lie-in-wait for their prey and dart towards them at high speeds once in range. They prefer shallow, calm waters within the littoral zone with dense vegetation. Grass Pickerel have been known to hybridize with Chain Pickerel. These fish are considered an important game species and are quite common throughout most of their range. CONTEXT AND CONTENT Kingdom – Animalia Family – Esocidae Phylum – Chordata Genus + Species – Esox niger Class – Actinopterygii Order – Escociformes GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS The Chain Pickerel is a member of the pike family and is very similar to Northern Pike and Grass Pickerel in body shape and structure (Ross 2001). Though not the largest in its family, the Chain Pickerel is the largest pike species found in the Southeastern United States (Ross 2001). E. niger is an elongate, moderately compressed fish with a large, terminal mouth and Kirk 3 well-developed teeth (Ross 2001). Much like other members within the family, its dorsal and anal fins are set far back, its pectoral and pelvic fins are set low on the body, and has a homocercal caudal fin (Ross 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Amur Pike (Esox Reichertii) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
    Amur Pike (Esox reichertii) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, August 2011 Revised, September 2018 Web Version, 12/18/2018 Photo: Andshel. Licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0. Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Esox_reichertii. (September 2018). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2018): “Asia: Amur drainage [Russia and China] and Sakhalin Island [Russia]; Onon and Kherlen drainages in Mongolia.” From Fricke et al. (2018): “Russia, China, Mongolia and Sakhalin Island.” 1 Status in the United States From Meade (1976): “In 1968, 1969 and 1970 Amur pike eggs were flown here [Pennsylvania] from Russia as part of an international fishery trade agreement. The eggs were hatched and reared both at the Benner Spring Fish Research Station and at the Union City Fish Hatchery. Amur fingerlings were stocked in a four-acre hatchery pond at Benner Spring. Those fish were allowed to grow to maturity and eventually became Pennsylvania's source of brood Amur pike. Each spring, ripe (sexually mature) Amurs are netted from the pond and spawned. The offspring are used for research and for stocking Glendale Lake, in Prince Gallitzin State Park, Cambria County.” “Extra Amur pike x northern pike […] hybrids from the study were stocked in Glendale Lake. Also, in the spring of 1975, when for some reason there was a lack of ripe Amur pike eggs at Benner Spring, additional hybrids were produced using sperm from Amur males and eggs from northern pike females. These hybrids were stocked into Glendale Lake to replace the normal complement of Amur pike which were to have been stocked there.” Fuller (2018b) reports Esox reichertii from the Susquehanna and Upper West Branch Susquehanna drainages in Pennsylvania, specifically Glendale Lake.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of the World
    Fishes of the World Fishes of the World Fifth Edition Joseph S. Nelson Terry C. Grande Mark V. H. Wilson Cover image: Mark V. H. Wilson Cover design: Wiley This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with the respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be createdor extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation.
    [Show full text]