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© in This Web Service Cambridge University Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03731-1 - General Relativity and Gravitation: A Centennial Perspective Edited by Abhay Ashtekar (Editor in Chief), Beverly K. Berger, James Isenberg and Malcolm Maccallum Index More information Index apparent horizons, 352, 358, 364 CDM, 166, 172, 191, 201, 206, 592 area gap, 574, 581, 586, 595 δN formalism, 189–192 area theorem, 28, 142, 614, 618 δN formula, 186 asymptotic flatness, 41, 412, 466 μ-type distortion (of CMB spectrum), 196 asymptotic quantization, 506 σ constant, 486 asymptotic safety, 504–508, 556–567 r-modes, 108 asymptotically flat initial data, 454 2dF survey, 170, 195 asymptotically flat initial data set, 418 asymptotically simple spacetimes, 422 acceleration of the Universe, 35, 166, 659 Atacama Cosmology Telescope, see ACT accretion, 135, 140, 143 averaging problem, 223, 227 disk, 28, 137, 138, 140, 155 AVTD behavior, 450 magnetized, 142 maser radiation, 137 B-mode polarization, 7, 170, 173, 182, 211, 215, 239, acoustic oscillation, 203–205 289, 334 damping, 204 back reaction, 223, 228 ACT, 163, 195, 206 background independence, 555–557, 595, 596 active galactic nuclei, 121, 134, 135, 143, 156, 157 & n-point functions, 597–600 structure resolved by microlensing, 118 & quantum geometry, 571–574 adaptive mesh refinement, 368, 372 BAO, 7–9, 170–171 ADM angular momentum, 622 Bartnik and McKinnon sequence, 377 ADM energy, 418, 419, 423 Bartnik mass, 432 ADM formulation, 18, 297–299, 364, 366, 413, 423, baryon acoustic oscillation, see BAO 433, 443, 569, 570, 593 BATSE, 148 ADM mass, 429, 467, 595, 596, 614, 621, 622, 631 beaming angle, 152, 153 ADM momentum, 423, 424, 595 Bel–Robinson energy functionals, 489 ADM-York formulation, 366 Bel–Robinson tensor, 461, 466 AdS/CFT correspondence, 368, 389, 394, 506–510, Beppo-SAX, 148, 152 647–658 Bianchi identities, 11, 16, 476, 491, 628 & black hole entropy, 650 Bianchi models, 13, 36, 224–225, 487, 490, 585, 587, & condensed matter, 656 591 & hydrodynamics, 656 orthogonal, 224 & quantum black holes, 654 tilted, 224 & quark confinement, 655 biasing, 130, 171 status of, 652–654 BICEP2, 7, 169, 182, 193, 211, 218, 242, 289 Advanced LIGO (aLIGO), 7, 250, 251, 281 big bang nucleosynthesis, 33, 35, 78, 162, 165, 224, Advanced Virgo, 250, 251, 281 331 algebraic approach to quantum field theory, 519 binary black hole problem, 364 almost-EGS theorem, 223 binary mergers, 150 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03731-1 - General Relativity and Gravitation: A Centennial Perspective Edited by Abhay Ashtekar (Editor in Chief), Beverly K. Berger, James Isenberg and Malcolm Maccallum Index More information 668 Index binary neutron stars, 383 Cherenkov Telescope Array, 157 binary pulsar, 4–6, 42, 80, 87, 90, 91, 289, 297 Christoffel relations, 13 BKL conjecture, 357, 398, 450 classical tests, 4 black hole, 4, 5, 10, 28, 469 closed timelike lines, 17 entropy, 511, 592–597, 642–647 CMB, 5, 162 evaporation, 596, 597, 605, 643, 646, 647, 655 anisotropy, 198–209 fundamental plane, 143 dipole, 198–199 intermediate, 141 primordial, 200–206 non-uniqueness, 618 polarization, 209–215 perturbation theory, 378 correlations, 211 stellar, 29, 133, 138–140, 143 power spectrum, 205 mass, 138–140 spectrum, 196–198 spin, 140–141, 144, 155 distortions, 196–198 supermassive, 29, 133, 135–137, 143, 148, 155, CMC, see constant mean curvature 156, see also supermassive binaries, see COBE, 163, 176, 195, 199 also supermassive black hole mergers cold spot, 202, 210, 211, 225 mass, 135, 137 compact hyperbolic manifolds, 482 size, 135, 136 compact star, 148 stellar orbits, 137 compact-object binaries, 154, 155, 311–313, 317–322 black hole scattering problem in 5d, 390 compactifications, 616 black hole–neutron star binaries, 149, 154, 155, 384 Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, see CGRO black membrane, 624 Compton scattering, 197 black rings, 392, 438, 620–647 computer algebra, 5 black Saturn, 392, 622 concordance model, 7, 35, 165 black strings, 392, 616–619 conformal class, 484 blow-up phenomena, 416 conformal curvature, 15–16 Bondi mass, 429 conformal intrinsic geometry, 455 boson stars, 365, 374 conformal Killing operator L, 414 Bowen–York data, 364 conformal method, 414 branes, 167 conformally flat near infinity, 419 break-down criterion, 459 congruences bremsstrahlung, 197 null, 14 Brown–York mass, 426 timelike, 14 Brownian motion, 3 connected sum, 481 BSSN formalism, 364, 366 connection dynamics, 569, 571, 572, 576, 586, 593, bubble collisions, 180–181 603 bubbles, 400 constant mean curvature, 415 bullet cluster, 128 hypersurfaces, 485 constraint damping, 367 Cadeˇˇ z coordinates, 363 constraint equations, 18, 413, 454 Callan, Giddings, Harvey, Strominger (CGHS) continuously self-similar, 371 two-dimensional spacetimes, 399 continuum limit, 565, 567, 581–583 Cauchy formulation, 366 core-collapse supernovae, 149, 153, 386 Cauchy horizon, 472 Cosmic Background Explorer, see COBE Cauchy problem, 453 cosmic censorship conjecture, 364, 371, 388, 483, see Cauchy development, 18 also strong cosmic censorship, weak cosmic Cauchy surface, 18 censorship, 618 causal dynamical triangulations, 565–567 cosmic microwave background, see CMB causal sets, 506 cosmic no-hair property of de Sitter spacetime, 533 causality violation, 17 cosmic shear, 171 CDT, see causal dynamical triangulations intrinsic alignment of galaxies, 129 CGRO, 148, 150, 151 lensing of the CMB, 129 Chandrasekhar mass, 387 probing dark energy, 129 characteristic code, 365 shear correlation functions, 128, 129 characteristic formulation, 366, 391 shear peaks, 129 characteristic initial data set, 455 cosmological constant, 11, 165, 166, 180, 555, 563, characteristic initial value problem, 454 577, 582, 583, 587, 600–602 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03731-1 - General Relativity and Gravitation: A Centennial Perspective Edited by Abhay Ashtekar (Editor in Chief), Beverly K. Berger, James Isenberg and Malcolm Maccallum Index More information Index 669 cosmological principle, 480 energy conditions, 18 critical phenomena, 370 energy-momentum tensor, 453 Cronstrom¨ condition, 492 conservation, 11 CSS, see continuously self-similar entanglement entropy, 658 curvature, 11 EOB, see effective-one-body Cyg X-1, 134, 139, 237 EOS, see equation of state Cygnus A, 134, 142 equation of motion, 303 cylindrical gravitational wave spacetimes, 364 equation of state, 375, 382 equivalence principle, see weak equivalence dark energy, 8–9, 166–167, 171 principle, strong equivalence principle, Einstein alternatives, 226 equivalence principle equation-of-state, 129 ergo region, 29, 471 dark matter, 8, 10, 118, 122–125, 128, 130, 165 Euclid space mission, 129 bullet clusters, 128 Euler equation (relativistic), 102 cold, 166 event horizon, 17, 28, 133, 142, 469 microlensing by compact objects (MACHOs), 125 exact solutions, 5, 10, 16 de Sitter, 3 excision, 365, 367 deflection of light, 70–72 existence theorems, 10, 11, 18 density parameters, 165, 206 exoplanets, 4 dimensional reduction, 509 extremal Kerr, 471 DIRE, see direct integration of relaxed Einstein extreme-mass-ratio inspiral (EMRI), 300, 302, 304, equation 309, 313, 322 direct integration of relaxed Einstein equation, 296, 299, 322 f (R) theories, 67, 167 discretely self-similar, 371 f-modes, 386 DOC, see domain of outer communication Fermi satellite, 157 domain of outer communication, 441, 469 finite difference method, 368 dominant energy condition, 414 finite volume methods, 369 double null foliation, 455 firewall, 400 double pulsar, 4–6, 81 fitting problem, 228 drag-free, 246, 269, 282 flatness problem, 178–179 DSS, see discretely self-similar FLRW models, 4, 10, 18, 30–33, 163–165, 401, 480 perturbations, 34–35, 167–169, 200 E-mode polarization, 7, 211, 212 curvature, 184 EAA, see effective average action tensor, 169, 184, 186, 215 Eddington, 3 velocity, 226 Eddington limit, 135 frame-dragging, 390 Eddington luminosity, 138, 156 frequency–mass diagram, 310 EEP, see Einstein equivalence principle Friedmann equation, 164, 165, 176 effective average action, 556–568 Friedmann–Lemaˆıtre–Robertson–Walker spacetimes, effective field theory, 298, 299, 322, 504, 554, 599, see FLRW models 600 Fuchsian PDE analysis, 451 effective-one-body, 290, 304, 305, 308, 309, 315, 316, functional renormalization group FRG, 556–561 322, 378 fuzzballs, 655 EFT, see effective field theory Einstein equations, 11, 164, 203, 476 Galactic center Einstein equivalence principle, 51, 56, 59–61, 67 stellar orbits, 136 Einstein flow, 480 Galactic microlensing surveys, 118, 125 Einstein metrics, 486 extrasolar planets, 126 Einstein static model, 162 galaxy surveys, 170–173, 195 Einstein Telescope, 245, 264, 281, 289 galaxy–black hole correlation, 137 Einstein–Maxwell theory, 453 galaxy–galaxy lensing, 130 Einstein-perfect fluid theory, 453 gamma-ray bursts, see GRBs Einstein-scalar field theory, 453 gauge dependence, 168 element formation, 5 generalized harmonic coordinates, 367 eLISA, 246, 267, 268, 271 generating techniques, 5 elliptic–hyperbolic system, 489 GEO 600, 243, 247, 248, 251, 252, 255, 262, 281 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-03731-1 - General Relativity and Gravitation: A Centennial Perspective Edited by Abhay Ashtekar (Editor in Chief), Beverly K. Berger, James Isenberg and Malcolm Maccallum Index More information 670 Index geodesic, 14 GeV emission, 157 geodesic deviation, 14–15 long, 148, 149, 153, 154,
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