The Historic Texas Senate Race

The Texas Observer OCT. 30, 1964

A Journal of Free Voices A Window to The South 25c THE HISTORIC TEXAS SENATE RACE

An Observer Report

The Belden Poll, which showed Senator predict the outcome, Yarborough said the first S.D.E.C. poll showed Yarborough Ralph Yarborough leading Republican quietly, "Oh, I'll win." A deliberate alarm- ahead 47-32, and the second one, Yarbor- George Bush 60-32% in September, said ism radiated outward from the senator's ough leading 47 to 37, before the most the Sunday ten days before the voting that state headquarters in Austin after the recent one giving the Republican the edge.) Yarborough was still ahead, but 53-38%. Houston Chronicle poll Oct. 11 said Yar- In addition, Bush confirms to the Observer, If this poll is correct, it confirms the im- borough was barely ahead, 51.5-48.5%, a New York firm ran a poll in Texas and pression one encounters traveling with the and Yarborough is stressing that while he showed Yarborough leading 44-41% a few weeks back. two candidates—that Bush has been closing is confident that a majority of Texans are for him, the outcome itself depends on The identity of the United States senator fast in the home stretch and either man from Texas who will be elected Tuesday, can win. On the same day the Houston whether the Democrats vote. Bush is confidently asserting he will win. November the third, for the next six years Chronicle poll said Yarborough leads only He is referring frequently to "the Demo- thus may depend on national events, on the 50.2-49.8%. crats' official poll," a poll he says he has television discussions, or even on the com- Yarborough and Bush are both confident been, told about but has not seen, taken by parative success of the get-out-our-vote and affable as the campaign approaches the State Democratic Executive Committee, campaigns in political headquarters all its close. Asked at a press conference to showing Bush leading, 43-42%. (He says around the state the last 48 hours.

Goldwater's Policies, Kennedy's Style

Fort Worth, Austin made pie-and-soft-drinks rally was attend- borough is ineffective, intemperate, and un- George Bush is handsome, personable, ed by perhaps 1,500 persons. dignified. conservative, and persuasive. He combines His well-off backers are apparently well While Bush skips lightly over his "six- Barry Goldwater's very conservative poli- pleased with him. Retorting, in the lightly point industrial program," it is difficult to tics with a witty, conversational style that contemptuous style he sometimes adopts separate out the six elements when he goes is reminiscent, in some ways, of Jack Ken- toward Senator Yarborough, to a state- over it ; basically he is saying he will work nedy's. His campaign to become this state's ment attributed in the morning paper to to get new industries into Texas, that this second Republican senator gets a lot of Yarborough that Bush had spent $300,000 means new jobs, and that new jobs are the energy and sparkle from the young Re- on the multi-colored billboards one sees all answer to poverty, not "left-wing federal publican matrons who are enthusiastic over the state, the 40-year-old Houston oil- spending programs."* about him personally and have plenty of man told the Observer that this wasn't The real body of his policies abides in money for baby sitters and nothing much true, the correct sum was either $66,000 or his condemnation of "the Reuther-domi- they have to do with their time. He would $62,000. Whereas Senator Yarborough com- nated, left-wing philosophy" and policy have been a more plausible looking guest mented last week, when a luncheon for him that "gives assistance to our enemies in- on Kennedy's yacht than Pierre Salinger was swung around to raising campaign stead of expanding freedom." He wants by a long shot, and he is the sort of fellow money for him, that "All Democratic meet- the United States to help Cubans-in-exile the ladies turn their heads to see at the ings, like most church meetings, have be- finance and arm an invasion of Cuba and country club charity ball. • come money-raising meetings," there was (Continued on Page 4) Underneath these appearances, his cam- no organized effort to raise money from paign is powered by the Republicans' grow- *Subsequently, we have noted a press release the large crowd of partisans at Bush's from Bush specifying the six points: 1) to work ing Texas organization and by large sums county-wide rally in Fort Worth. with communities and chambers of commerce of money and the aggregations of power "in an effort to attract new industry"; 2) "to cooperate with elected state officials" in their these sums come from. He has been able As a speaker Bush laces a reasoning, similar efforts; 3) "to work with Texas labor to attract extra people to rallies with free seldom cajoling "soft sell" with bursts groups in their development work"; 4) "to sup- barbecue, free drinks, and musical enter- of flak against Yarborough. He has sought port the program of the Texas Industrial Com- mission' ; 5) "to make personal contacts for tainers. His year-long campaigning, with to generate against Yarborough a hostility Texas communities with corporations, inviting stress on -organizational preparations, is not much more complicated than plain dis- their interest in expanding their operations in Texas"; and 6) "to assist in finding new now paying off, as for example one night like. He has decided, these last weeks, on a markets for products presently manufactured last week in Fort Worth when a free home- campaign to drive in the charge that Yar- in Texas." ment-in-exile, give it economic and military assistance, and then, "When this government goes to liberate its own homeland, 5or Ahnoon and iiumphrey let's not be lacking in courage." This is the vacant posturing of Goldwaterism, the ad- Too much has been said, too little done, muddy the sweet substance of values we venturism heedless of nuclear risks-that we no doubt. We have had too much selfishness sense from ancient quiet times. It is too cannot tolerate any longer. and too little courage. We have been quick late for all this now, our nation is on the to think the worst and slow to think the brink of itself, and soon will know what it However nice a guy Bush is, however best. We have let haters shove us aside, is, at least for some goodly time. Those much he sends young matrons who are not because we are embarassed to love. Per- who believe in Godly things and those who well informed on issues, this is no responsi- vasive, the dollar has crinkled itself into do not, let us pray, in a secular way, for ble politician; this is a product and crea- our souls, we have let the trend of things our country. ❑ ture of the extremist-infected atmosphere of the Texas Republican Party. We endorse Ralph Webster Yarborough for re-election. IJ Man qeorge eu04 ❑ Let us look steadily upon this man turncoat and the teller of a filthy lie; far George Bush, outwardly so graceful and from apologizing, as he should, for his oft- Mtn to 21• C• amiable, who is asking to be our senator. repeated unfair arguments about Yarbor- • He is opposed to hospital care for the ough and Estes, he has ventured himself Indications are accumulating that Gov. aged under the social security principle, into character assassination by asking, as John Connally, hoping probably that he and he argues against it with the sophistry late as last week, in the Estes context, would get the federal patronage in Texas that it requires working men to pay for "What is the price of a United States sena- if Sen. Yarborough lost and President John- rich men's medical care, although this is tor?" son won, has been preventing the state obviously a minor imperfection having In foreign policy, also, this young man Democratic party machinery, which he con- nothing to do with the main thrust of the confirms his identification with the far program. trols, from conducting an all-but drive to right wing of his party. get voters in the overwhelmingly Demo- He is opposed to federal aid to build cratic areas to the polls next Tuesday. college classrooms. He says that the United Nations is "de- He is opposed to the area redevelop- ficient" and has not preserved the peace. Memorandum to Clifton Carter at the ment act that gives assistance to fledgling He would prejudge a pending controversy Democratic National Committee: If Con in the UN, requiring that all nations pay industries and to communities in trouble. nally and his fellow tories are permitted their dues or get out, at the risk of wreck- His theory is that it is not proper to assist to fail to finance and conduct an all-out ing the UN completely. Yet Gallup found "failing industries" and "dying towns," drive to turn out Negro and Latin-Ameri- that nine out of ten Americans approve can voters on the theory that, this might because their failing and dying is simply of the UN. competition at work. beat Yarborough but would leave Johnson He proposes that the United States arm He is opposed to the entire idea of a war enough margin to carry Texas, how can a new invasion of Cuba. Specifically, he you be sure Johnson won't lose Texas, too? on poverty by government action. He dis- says we should recognize a Cuban govern- misses it with a reference to the "suntan project" of the thirties, the Civilian Con- servation Corps, which he says failed, THE TEXAS OBSERVER although in fact it built many of our parks A Journal of Free Voices and kept many youths from roaming the 58th YEAR — ESTABLISHED 1906 A Window to the South streets jobless. Vol. 56, No. 21 Not only a dedicated Republican, he is 4E5. October 30, 1964 also a dedicated right-winger in his party. Incorporating. the State Observer and the San Antonio, Mrs. Mae B. Tuggle, 531 Elm- He was a key figure in the Goldwater East Texas Democrat, which in turn incor- hurst, TA 6-3583; Tyler, Mrs. Erik Thomsen, porated the State Week and Austin Forum- 3332 Lynwood, LY 4-4862; movement in Houston and helped lead Advocate. Cambridge, Mass., Victor Emanuel, 33 Aberdeen Ave., Apt. 3A. Texas Republicans gung-ho into San Fran- We will serve no group or party but will hew The editor has exclusive control over the edi- cisco, there to unleash on the country the hard to the truth as we find it and the right torial policies and contents of the Observer. campaign of fear, hate, and character as we see it. We are dedicated to the whole None of the other people who are associated assassination that has now sickened this truth, to human values above all interests, to with the enterprise shares this responsibility the rights of man as the foundation of democ- with him. Writers are responsible for their own land. He introduced Goldwater in Fort racy; we will take orders from none but our work, but not for anything they have not them- Worth, saying he was "honored to be on own conscience, and never will we overlook or selves written, and in publishing them the edi- the ticket with Goldwater." He said last misrepresent the truth to serve the interests tor does not necessarily imply that he agrees week in Fort Worth that he "enthusiastic- of the powerful or cater to the ignoble in the with them, because this is a journal of free human spirit. voices. ally supports" Goldwater. He is part and Editor and General Manager, Ronnie Dugger. The Observer publishes articles, essays, and parcel of this Goldwater disaster. Partner, Mrs. R. D. Randolph. creative work of the shorter forms having to Business Manager, Presenting himself as "responsible," he Sarah Payne. do in various ways with this area. The pay Contributing Editors, Elroy Bode, Bill Bram- depends; at present it is token. Unsolicited says his conservatism is "compassionate," mer, Larry Goodwyn, Franklin- Jones, Lyman manuscripts must be accompanied by return yet he has so little sensitivity for the feel- Jones, Georgia Earnest Klipple, Willie Morris, postage. Unsigned articles are the editor's. ings of the needy aged, he wittily compares James Presley, Charles Ramsdell, Roger Shat- The Observer is published by Texas Observer medical care for the aged with a federal tuck, Dan Strawn, Tom Sutherland, Charles Co., Ltd., biweekly from Austin, Texas. En- Alan Wright. tered as second-class matter April 26, 1937, at program to air-condition ship holds for apes Staff Artist, Charles Erickson. the Post Office at Austin, Texas, under the Act and baboons, a program which he has dub- Contributing Photographer, Russell Lee. of March 3, 1879. Second class postage paid at bed "medical air for the caged." Subscription Representatives: Austin, Mrs. Austin, Texas. Delivered postage prepaid $5.00 Helen C. Spear, 2615 Pecos, HO '5-1805; Dallas, a year; two years, $9.50; three years, $13.00. He represents himself as in favor of Mrs. Cordye Hall, 5835 Ellsworth, TA 1-1205; Foreign rates on request. Single copies 25c; equal rights for all, and he opposed, before El Paso, Mrs. Jeanette Harris, 5158 Garry Owen prices for ten or more for students, or bulk and after passage, the 1964 civil rights law. Rd., LO 5-3448; Houston, Mrs. Shirley Jay, 10306 orders, on request. He says he is above a "personal" attack Cliffwood Dr., PA 3-8682; Lubbock, Doris Blais- Editorial and Business Offices: The Texas dell, 2515 24th St.; Midland, Eva Dennis, 4306 Observer, 504 West 24th St., Austin 5, Texas. on Yarborough, yet he calls Yarborough a Douglas, OX 4-2825; Odessa, Enid Turner, 1706 Telephone GR 7-0746. 2 Glenwood, EM 6-2269; Rio Grande Valley, Mrs. Change of Address: Please give old and new The Texas Observer Jack Butler, 601 Houston, McAllen, MU 6-5675; address and allow three weeks.

Never Begged for Quarter'

I- *IP .1. Austin The Yarborough Story II this year, voting for the civil rights law, If Ralph Yarborough is returned to the he began really to transcend this burden by United States Senate for a second full as they could—when the time came to helping, with great courage, to correct it. term on Tuesday, I believe he will become vote for minimum wages, holding the line Now this, the most nightmarish test of known, in due time, as one of the very. against high interest rates, area redevelop- his political integrity, is behind him. select company of great American progres- ment funds, manpower retraining, public sives in the Senate—men the stamp of works projects of great variety, urban re- HIS STRONG SUITS in the Sen- LaFollette, Kefauver, and Douglas. newal, higher social security benefits and His values, when he was elected to the ate have been education, conservation, and old age pensions, more REA co-ops, lower veterans' affairs. As a ranking member of Senate in 1957, were the values of honest taxes on ordinary citizens and higher taxes agrarian populism, and his heroes were the the Senate education subcommittee, he co- on unreasonable profits, civil liberties, the authored the education act of 1958 to pro- best of our Texas heroes, Sam Houston, free right to vote, the youth job corps, Jim Hogg, and Jimmy Allred. He. had been vide college loans, summer teacher training medicare, the war on poverty, Yarborough institutes, and high school and junior col- bred in the politics of a rural time, and was there; steadfast. although he understood, and related his lege equipment in foreign languages, sci- From the first, however, he was skeptical ences, engineering, and mathematics. He politics to, the new problems of city life, of the foreign aid program, and while it is his rhetoric was that of an old-line, brass- has led the fight for a college classroom true that there has been a lot of waste and construction program that also includes collar Democrat from a small Texas town. some corruption abroad in that program, He took with him to the Senate a phe- labs and libraries. And he has been a there was also a component in Yarbor- principal figure in the Senate's work that nomenally retentive mind, a gras'p of the ough's attitude, I think, of hostility to the detailed events and the general shapes of resulted in the enactment of laws for foreign. It is not anything he said that medical and dental school construction and history that give his integrity an inner makes me think so, nor do I mean he felt steadiness when events and pressures of loans to these schools' students, nurses this personally, but I believe he somehow training, vocational education, mental re- the moment buffet him, and an intelligence absorbed this from Texas. He has, indeed, that is scholarly and logical but is actively tardation training, and city library facili- made frequent•use of his carving knives to ties assistance. All this has been unsensa- concerned most of all with the facts of . "cut the fat out of foreign aid" and pro- real situations that people find themselves tional but yeoman work for enlightenment mises to continue to do it. But also he has, and well being in the United States. His in. as he is inclined to say, 'visited every in- four-year, finally successful effort to have He was thoroughly committed to the habited continent on earth except Aus- a national seashore area established on New Deal, but he had been running for tralia as a senator, and this must have been Padre Island and his other work for the state office and had swerved pretty sud- sobering. conservation of our natural heritage are denly toward the place where the funda- Few remember now that Yarborough well known. As chairman of the Senate mental national decisions are being made quickly joined Adlai Stevenson in his con- subcommittee on veterans' affairs, he has these decades, and where the whole context cern, late in the 1956 presidential cam- been responsible for the passage of laws is different. He had been riddled, too, paign, about nuclear fall-out from the tests. affecting every facet of veterans' affairs again and again, by narrow, selfish men, Yarborough said in the June, 1957, speech, his subcommittee handles—education, hos- by vicious editorials, by slanders, and by six years before the nuclear test ban treaty pitals and medical care, loans. ignorant abuse, in those tiresome cam- was ratified, "Whether the effects be bone The New Republic rated the perform- paigns. When he arrived in Washington cancer, infertility, malformed babies, stunt- ance of congressmen in 1964 and concluded the summer of 1957 he found suddenly that ed children, or any of the other equally that Yarborough had voted wrongly to he had time to study and to think again,. dreadful effects on the human race de- uphold the oil depletion allowance and to not on politics, but on policy. He told the scribed by the scientists. . . . the human require higher interest rates and a maxi- Women's National Democratic Club June race is waiting for leadership intelligent mum maturity period for U.S. foreign 10 that year: enough to put S a stop to the nuclear ex- loans, but had favored ten of the twelve "Coming, as I do, from five years of con- plosions before our children and our chil- proposals N.R. thought most vital to the tinual political warfare in Texas where dren's children are doomed by a polluted general welfare—mass transportation, the every force of greed and avarice in that earth and air." youth conservation corps, the test ban state were aligned against us to destroy Sen. Yarborough has been an unwaver- treaty, vocational education, the wheat sale, us, and where we never begged for quarter, ing advocate of high defense spending; in I have been stunned almost to silence by the tax cut, the civil rights act, the war on this he has seemed totally committed to the poverty, hospital care for the aged, and the the kindness and generosity of the treat- idea that our safety is our military might. ment accorded us in Washington. It is watering down of the conservative attack I should not be surprised, however, especi- on the reapportionment ruling. comparable to the changes a soldier would ally in light of President Johnson's ques- feel after fighting in the jungles of guerilla tions the other night in his speech on It is true, as President Kennedy said, that this senator speaks for Texas, the na- warfare for five years, then suddenly being events in Russia and China, What if ten tion, and progress for our people, and it is moved out into new barracks with new uni- or twenty more nations get the nuclear true, as President Johnson said, that Texas forms and a parade ground. It takes a little bombs?, to see Sen. Yarborough, carefully has never had a senator who has voted for time to adjust to such a changed way of and prudently, enter the group of senators the people more than Ralph Yarborough. life." among whom Hubert Humphrey and Joe That is why the fat-cats of the state are out Clark of Pennsylvania have been leaders to get him now. But if they do not, and he AND SO IT DID. Yarborough seeking ways to stop the ceaseless spiral- is returned to the Senate, then, I believe, must have seemed country to his big-city ings of overkill. we may expect Senator Yarborough's in- colleagues, but they learned that he is a As an East Texan—that is, as a South- man of the people. When the acid tests fluence through the Senate, `from which erner—Yarborough had not only provinci- most of the few great liberals have taken, came along on the real pedple's amend- alism, but also the special burden of his or will soon take, their leave, to become ments—when only 20 or 30 of the Demo- time and place to overcome. Gradually, crats were left to stand together, after part of the national history. R.D. through many compromises, he has seen particular interests had picked off as many this burden in its historical context, and October 30, 1964 3 F.7. :.Tawcrwmmowl•PW4.1111111Mie0400.44,4•N AA*416-n, .arett, : •nowst.e*1

(Continued From Page 1) "You feel the crowds—enthusiasm—it's accuses Yarborough of siding with "a mili- building up." tant, mean band of left-wingers" by voting On ineffectiveness, Bush said, "Three to continue foreign aid to Sukarno in Indo- times Sen. Yarborough got seniority on the nesia. appropriations committee, and three times Sen. Yarborough has needled him for his own colleagues turned their backs on being skittish about all-out support for him." He also said Yarborough has a "rift" = Barry Goldwater. No doubt Sen. Yarbor- with state Democratic officials—obviously ough hoped this line of attack would force a reference to Governor John Connally. "I Bush to assure his supporters he is for think I can get along with both sides of Goldwater, and whatever the reason for the aisle in simple human relations," Bush it may be, Bush is now going out of his said. way to mention his total support of Gold- He faults Yarborough for calling Lyn- water and to defend him. don Johnson, as vice-president, a "power- In Fort Worth—during a day of cam- mad Texas politician," Connally "a viceroy paigning as the Observer man followed of Texas," Dallas "a citadel of reaction," along—Bush was asked, during a 30-minute and the Fort Worth Star-Telegram "worse TV taping session with a KTVT newsman, than Pravda," He recites the senator's about Goldwater. "Of the two, I am strong- publicized set-to with Sen. Strom Thur- ly for Senator Goldwater for President," mond a few months ago as a matter first he replied. "He's a warm, friendly man, a to be laughed at, then to be indignant about reasonable man — extremely reasonable." because it is "beneath the dignity of Texans Charges that Goldwater has his finger on and the U.S. Senate." the trigger or is "a madman" are "just To the Optimists he said, "The answer to unfair," Bush said. poverty doesn't lie in a hand-out, a billion- Pressed to specify policies on which he dollar program," such as "this CCC pro- might differ with Goldwater, Bush said, gram in the thirties that failed." New in- "I don't like to probe around for differences dustry, jobs, and free enterprise are the with people with whom I philosophically answer, he said. "I admit this is a vast George Bush disagree," he replied (evidently having oversimplification," he said, but it is a meant to say "agree," but he did not notice better answer for Texas than trying to the slip, and went on.) "I'm sure I could to see the encroachment of these agencies "prop up ailing businesses." into our lives." find differences with Senator Goldwater, but I don't elect to do this," he said firmly, In every speech of much length, Bush He couches his opposition to medicare— putting his questioner down. recites two cases prosecuted, one-two, in medical care for the aged—in a flow of "I don't believe in terror, finger-on-the- the September and October Reader's argument he follows somewhat closely each trigger," he said during a speech in Fort Digest: the new industry in Crockett, Tex., time. "I would vote to strengthen the social Worth. "I don't think that's the philosophy that was backed for a while by the Area security system," he said, "but I would of the leader on the Republican ticket, by Recovery Administration, President Ken- vote against medical care under social the way. I know him and know him well nedy, and Sen. Yarborough, but stalled and security. I favor medical care for the aged, and believe he's a reasonable man." failed; and the Yarborough-announced but under Kerr-Mills and 'Texas 65,' " he $1.8-million urban renewal program in said. "I would not say to this fella working with his hands, 'Look, you've got to pay for HIS DAY on the campaign Wink, Tex., which the Digest said subse- T medical care for this rich fella over here, tour began for Bush at 7 a.m. and did not quently lost popularity, business, and real end until 10 at night. He had come in, estate valuations. whether you want to or not.' This isn't fair. This isn't the American system. what's more, from a rally in Corpus Christi "I don't think you can prop up the ailing "I don't believe that we conservatives the night before, and left for East Texas economy of a dying town," he told the should be placed in the position of being the morning after Fort Worth. He tired, Optimists. "Sometimes you've got to have and he tapped out an hour or so before his a man who will resist a hand-out for politic- opposed to compassion for our fellow men," TV taping in the afternoon, but he is a al gain. I think it's a question of balance." he said. "The philosophy of the left is to strong, steady campaigner who goes for- stick a hyphen in everybody's name, and In place of federal aid to "failing com- give a little something for every special ward to shake hands with everyone in munities" and "failing businesses," Bush range. group." would work with the Texas Industrial He said there's a government program Fifty or so Optimists attended a break- Cmsn., chambers of commerce, and others fast for him, and he made them a some- that brings apes and baboons from Africa to attract new industries to Texas, "find for experiments in space science, but they what muted speech. He said of Yarborough export markets for Texas products," up- that he had "not called him `Smilin' Ralph' have been dying in the ship holds because hold "enlightened self-interest" in U.S. the air is dank. "The federal government or `Rasslin' Ralph' " in the interests of tariff and import policy, favor a "meaning- discussing the issues. has a new program, a very cheap one, $585 ful oil import program," free natural gas million," to air condition the holds, Bush His basic argument that he is winning companies from "utility-type regulation." tots up what he takes to be "the ingredi- said, and the program is called "medical air He said that the seven years Yarborough for the caged." (He pronounced the word ents of victory." He had been endorsed at has been in the Senate, oil prices have this point, he said, by 17 daily papers, to "caged" as one would pronounce the noun, gone down, imports have gone up, and Tex- "aged," if it had a "c" in front of it.) The Yarborough's three or four ; he said polls as drilling rigs haGe decreased 55%, while show him ahead; he said Republican Optimists laughed. "I would hope it's one cattle prices are "crucifyingly low" and program the federal government will stay canvassing and organization helps him; imports are higher. To the Optimists he he said leading Democrats are supporting out of," he said. said, "Surely it's not fair to blame him In Cuba, Bush said, we were right when him—he names Governor Allan Shivers, [Yarborough] for all this," but in other Marshall Formby of Plainview, Ed Drake, we had "the courage to turn back those speeches that day he did not add this Russian ships," and taking a more forceful "for ten years county Democratic, chairman qualification. in Dallas," (a leader in Democrats-for-Re- position in Viet Nam, "we did the right publican movements there during the "I'm not a 'hate-the-government creep,' " thing." He would not castigate the Presi- period, of course,) and Abner McCall, presi- Bush said of a charge against him he at- dent's loyalty when he disagreed with dent of Baylor University. And, he said, tributes to Yarborough, "I believe in a him, he said. decentralized federal government—and in As for now, he said, the United States 4 The Texas Observer the separation of powers—and I don't like should "recognize a Cuban government-in- exile," and the United States should then were startled by the photographer and of matrons in their late twenties and thir- commit itself to "the support of it mili- stomped and rushed past the three men. ties, with sorority ties and common college tarily and economically." To this he added, Clowning an instant Bush threw a rattled and social experiences. (There was one "I think we should not be found wanting glance to a spectator outside the pen. among them, anyway, who was bitterly in courage to help them liberate their Climbing up and vaulting down from the anti-communist and in the same breath country." fence, he said, "I hope you'll record for anti-Johnson and anti-Yarborough, a Birch He opposes, he said, seeking a neutral posterity the look of confidence on my face type; something of an embarassment to government in South Viet Nam, giving as they charged me." them, one gathered.) They are wives of away. Guantanamo on Cuba, or letting Red He encountered a Negro workman and business people, doctors, insurance sales- China into the United Nations, causes, he shook his hand. "Is that right?" the Negro men. This was the third bus tour of the said, that "our opponents are forcing for said. "I saw you on TV last night." Bush Fort Worth group to suburbs and small every day." "I recognize the complexities said he hoped he'd vote for him. "Oh, we'll towns, handing out literature. Bush says of foreign affairs," he said. But, he said, fix it up, yeah," the Negro man said. The there's been a lot such activity for him out Sen. Yarborough just hasn't got them sized humor of this response was not lost on Jim of the major cities, and it has enabled his up correctly. Allison, the newspaper executive who is campaign to hit many small towns it would Closing his full exposition of his themes part of Bush's campaign troupe, and who not, otherwise. This afternoon, though, the before the civic clubmen, Bush referred to repeated it with a laugh when the voter girls didn't find many voters in the shop- his opponent's "vicious personal attacks on was out of range. ping centers. my family. Nobody likes that sort of Next on the agenda, in fact, was a mid- In the afternoon Bush circled through thing." His father served in the Senate morning confabulation booked as "Amigos four industrial plants in the area between ten years from Connecticut with dignity, for Bush" at Joe Garcia's restaurant. Now Dallas and Fort. Worth. The first one—the he said. As for the carpetbagger issue, he'd this restaurant is an interesting place. Menasco Manufacturing Co.—was some- been in Texas all his adult life and is a Garcia must be a Shivers Republican, if what of -a laugh because a company official Texan by choice. Sam Rayburn, Sam Hous- one may adapt an old category to describe told him "no campaigning" and in some ton, Austin, Travis, Crockett, Bowie—none him. Around the walls of his restaurant kind of awkward non-partisanship pulled of these were native Texans, he said. Yar- one sees photographs of Allan Shivers, out a handful of buttons for everyone from borough does not object to Salinger or Rob- Bruce Alger, Sam Rayburn, John Tower, Goldwater to Yarborough. Bush got to ert Kennedy, so he guessed it "depends Dwight Eisenhower, and the President of shake the hand of the machinists' union on whose bag is being carpeted. If you're Mexico. president, who, however, had on a Johnson a. left-wing carpetbagger who can't vote As the appointed hour arrived it became button. At the other three plants, how- in the state where he's running," it seems painfully apparent to the dozen or so Ang- ever, Bush went through at a fast clip, to be all right. (Kennedy cannot vote for los present that the only Latin-American shaking hands. himself in New York.) there was the manager of Garcia's, Joe If elected, Bush concluded, "I will work Lancorte, who handed out pamphlets in IN THE TV TAPING, Bush my level best to give you sound, compas- Spanish entitled "George Bush, Candidato sionate, sensible, responsible, conservative struck again the principal themes of his Para U.S. Senate." Allison looked around campaign—there is an insufferable quan- government." There was hard applause, and asked, "Where're the Amigos?" A few and he shook every right hand in the place tity of repetition on a campaign trail for days before this the Bush campaign had reporters following candidates—but in his (—"Sir, I'm George Bush, running for the had a similar miscue, a meeting of Negroes U.S. Senate," he says—) and took out with asides he conveyed new tones and dimen- for Bush with a fund-raising purpose. sions. his campaign aides and a couple of report- About 50 Negroes came, and 30 whites, ers following along. "Sen. Yarborough's brand of politics is Allison recalled; Bush wound up giving too far left . . . too extreme" for Texans, them $50 to help make up-their financial he said. He, Bush, was running for the first N EXT STOP was the cattle auc- losses- on the affair. After a while this time, whereas until 1958 Yarborough ran tion at the stockyards. Bush sat a while morning, one more Latin-American woman "perennially," and "Some of his people watching the groups of cattle being stirred came in, apparently Lancorte's wife, with seem a little - tired in campaigning—I around the auction ring by a cowman pop- two babes in arms, but otherwise the dunno." ping a whip among them and listening to Amigos didn't show. He favored the federal government doing the auctioneer rattle his lips and call out Bush did not seem depressed—to the con- some things—developing navigable rivers the bids. ("How can yuh set there?" the trary, a gang of about 25 sporty young such as the Trinity, interstate highways, fat auctioneer cried out—"sixteen's all.") matrons, bedecked in Bush signs, congre- financing flood control and soil conserva- Then Bush was introduced to the hundred gated at Garcia's Restaurant, there to tion—but not federal assistance to failing or so cowmen, all of whom were wearing board a Bush special bus for a tour of the towns and industries, as with the A.R.A. rough clothes, western hats, boots, and county court-house and some shopping cen- and urban renewal. "You don't save a com- he said very briefly: ters in suburban areas of the county. "Oh munity," he said. "This takes courage—to "I appreciate the opportunity of being girls! Youall look great! You look terrific! oppose wasteful federal spending," he said. All dolled up," Bush told them. They were here and just sayin' hello to you gentle- He had been quoted, his interviewer re- men." As senator, he said, at least he'd ga-ga about him in return, and the day's minded him, that Yarborough served spe- have the courage to "vote on the Hruska campaigning took on a new aspect. cial interest groups. Which ones? It's Bush's custom to go forward to peo- amendment to decrease beef imports." "I think Senator Yarborough's special ple he knows are probably against him. (Yarborough paired for the amendment; group he serves is labor," Bush replied. Jacksonville, where the Daily Progress Bush objects to the fact he was not physi- In . "He goes right down the line with the rec- has endorsed Yarborough, Bush called on cally present to vote for it.) The answer ommendations of the Walter Reuther editor Barnes Broiles anyway and thanked to present situations, Bush went on, is type." Many union members won't vote him for running a letter he had written "less federal control. I am a conservative, "the way the labor bosses say." Yarbor- answering the editorial. Despite very chilly I am proud of it. Government should look ough was wrong voting for the civil rights after those who caret look after them- receptions at some of them, he has charged bill, too, Bush said. "I'm not opposed to county courthouses. At this one, in Tar- selves," but more should be left to "indi- equal rights for all, I favor 'em, but I want vidual freedom and individual incentive." rant County, one conservative county com- to see we don't violate the rights of 86% Outside the auction hall, he posed for missioner, Byron Henderson, rather con- to try to correct the grievances—and legiti- pictures in a pen with a rather large herd spicuously posed for cameras with Bush, mate ones, often—of the other 14%. Sen. of cattle. Two tough looking men who had and Bush went on a tour of the offices, Yarborough does stand at the extreme shaking hands. It was "pretty fruitful," business in the stockyards stood on each left." side of him. They walked around the pen, he said. looking at the cattle, which at one point The Bush girls include a goodly number October 30, 1964 Again he denied Yarborough's persistent As for the nuclear test ban treaty, "I do didate Bill Miller's charges against John- inquiry whether any of his companies im- not favor junking it," but he had been son on the one Austin TV station and an port foreign oil or benefit from such im- afraid there would be a loophole for Red anti-Negro clause in a Johnson property ports. He called the charge that they do China to test, and sure enough. "I resent deed two decades ago. "a filthy lie." He was having an audit run Sen. Yarborough saying I was in favor of "Things are going well," Bush told them. on all businesses he has interests in to leukemia for children, as he so viciously "There is a tremendous anti-Yarborough prove none of them import- oil or partici-. accused me." sentiment across the state." It "does not pate in profits from importing oil, he said. Yarborough was "overpaid" at $22,500 a have to do with the fact that Ralph Yar- "I just don't understand Sen. Yarborough's year but has raised his own pay to $30,000 borough lost his rassling match. The peo- ranting on this subject." while opposing wage increases for labor, ple simply don't like his Reuther-dominated On foreign policy, he said "I have seen Bush charged. "His own son" is on the philosophy. They don't like his vote against no evidence that the communists want to federal payroll at $12,911 per year. By this John Tower's amendment to cut off aid to live peacefully with the free world." On Bush said he did not mean to criticize Yar- Indonesia. Sukarno had said You can take his theme of arming a Cuban government- borough's son, whom he understood to be your foreign aid money and you can go to in-exile, he made it clear he intends inva- "a capable young man." But Bush asked hell with it." sion: "When this government goes to lib- if the poverty program meant putting your But, said Bush, "it's not enough to be erate its own homeland, let's not be lack- son on the payroll and "your brother-in- anti-Yarborough. It's not enough to capi- ing in courage," he said. law in Houston with the FHA." talize on the venom that this man spreads Nothing else this day matched in length "I simply believe that it's wrong to ask across Texas. We hold the key to prosper- or harshness Bush's response to the 1,500 what your country can do for you, and not ity in our hands that Yarborough, Schles- stomping partisans at his county-wide what you can do for your country. Do inger, Salinger, Kennedy, Humphrey, rally near Will Rogers Coliseum. you remember those words?" Bush asked. Morse, have never even dreamed about—a Tiny Gooch, who introduced Bush, pro- "I am proudly a Texan by choice and system responsive to the needs of Texas, vided a jagged context. "Never have there I'm a far better Texan than Ralph Yarbor- not responsive to the needs of Washing- been two candidates who have offered ' ough is," Bush said to cheers that drowned ton, D.C. . . . We can show the left-wingers themselves for public office—I'll make it him out. "There's one thing that's worse . a prosperity they never dreamed about." three—who have a more miserable record than a carpetbagger, Senator Yarborough, "Texas has a responsible record in civil for honesty," he said. He did not say what and that's a turncoat—that's a man who rights," Bush told the Texas Republicans, three he meant. turns his back on the people. "and sure there's need for improvement, However, in the context of the literature "Reject this Reuther-dominated left-wing and each of us should strive for it, but we being given, free, to the Bush partisans, philosophy that's selling Texas down the don't need sweeping federal compulsion." this was a minor matter. For no charge, river!" he exhorted the throng, who rose His campaign, Bush said, offered "hope one could pick up off a table J. Evetts at this and gave him a standing send-off. instead of the left-wing defeatist campaign Haley's book, A Texan Looks at Lyndon; of the left-wingers in Washington, D.C." The Inside on LBJ and Lyndon's Legacy, BUSH RESPONDS to highly He said he would fight "on the issues and both by Clyde Kluckhohn; None Dare Call partisan audiences, all right. His speech not in the gutter—and he's gonna have to It Treason, by John A. Stormer, and A to the Republican state convention in Aus- crawl out now I plan to take his Reuther- Choice Not An Echo, by Phyllis Schlafly, tin was another example of this. The crowd dominated voting record and wrap it as well as Where I Stand, by Sen. Goldwa- of 5,000 was raucous and boisterous; this around his neck," Bush exclaimed. "We ter. was the occasion when they almost came can beat him and return sound constitu- Neither was there any charge for "The apart in response to vice-presidential can- tional government to the people of Texas." Communist Party Supports Lyndon B. Johnson," a reprint based on an article in the Worker. Oddly, however, one was asked to shell out a nickel for two cards showing Johnson beside the slogan, fa- Estes' Explanation miliar from the 1960 campaign as to Nixon: "Would you buy a used car from Austin curred in a Dallas motel room with this man?" It is the Observer's understanding, two additional men present—one a Bush,assured his supporters he is lead- here represented entirely on our own person closely associated with the ing and "the Goldwater campaign, which responsibility, that Billie Sol Estes aforementioned candidate for office, I enthusiastically support, is coming on says he was told that if he would hurt another closely associated with Estes strong." Sen. Ralph Yarborough politically by —making five men in all, counting On the subject of oil imports, which he telling the $50,000 story; he could Estes. Estes was provided yet one said he wants to restrict, he threw in as an thereby gain pardons from his convic- more motive, an obvious one. It was aside, "I've been a leader of the oil indus- tions in federal and state courts from agreed that the South Texas man try, if I might immodestly so classify my- President Johnson and Governor Con- would locate persons who would aver self. I've been in the business sixteen nally, respectively. they saw the money pass. years." He dismissed Yarborough's re- In fact, the President traditionally marks on this subject as "the rantings of does not use his personal power to The possibility should now be sug- some left-wing demagogue." He said Yar- pardon without the recommendation gested that the two "lie detector" borough serves "some left-wing planners of the Department of Justice, and (polygraph) tests given to the two in Washington, D.C." under Texas law the governor has no "witnesses" to Estes' story were not He would require UN members to "pay such power, but Estes did not know or given by the Department of Public their dues or lose their vote." The UN think of this at the time the idea was Safety in Austin, although they may should be "a freedom-extending force ra- advanced to him. have been arranged by a person con- ther than always compromising." "We just Estes' story goes like this: nected with DPS and given by a priv- cannot continue the negative, give-in forces Two men, one a key Austin sup- ate party.

of the ADA supported by Sen. . Yarbor- porter of a candidate for office, anoth- The Observer does not wish to leave ough." ADA "is indeed a dangerous force, er a man from South Texas, telephoned an impression that we know the in- no matter what Hubert Humphrey says Estes, who was then in Macon, Ga., formation in the foregoing paragraphs about it," advocating letting Red China and asked him to meet them in New to be true, since, as our wording should into the UN and recognizing Cuba. "We Orleans. He did, and they had a con- indicate, we do not. At the same time, don't want Red China in the UN," he said. ference in an airplane leased by the we have substantial grounds for pub- Austin man. A second meeting oc- lishing it. 0 6 The Texas Observer A 'Pull One Lever' Democrat

San Antonio, Longview panels, and programs; the massive adver- Changes in Russia and China recently Senator Yarborough "thrives on it," as tising through every media, show that the help President Johnson, he said, "because his friends say, and his spirits were high New York and Connecticut money has ar- the people are less likely to take an un- on the campaign trail when the Observer rived in Texas,' Senator Yarborough said. tested man who talks glibly of dropping a man was along. He is flying in a leased 'It beat the starlings in this year,' he said. couple of atomic bombs on supply lines to twin-engine Beechcraft, ducking into Aus- "Senator Yarborough said 'The spirit shake 'em up. That would shake 'em up all tin for strategy sessions and over to Hous- of the great people of Texas will meet right—it would shake up the whole world." ton for TV productions between jaunts every test, and the millions in out-of-state Yarborough said he felt that if the peo- into every part of the state. Bush is setting monies being spent by my opponent will not ple "knew what I had done, I'd win by a him a hard pace, but since Congress ad- enable him to smear me out of my good landslide," but that "I've had a very poor journed he has been matching it. record; or buy a seat in the United States press, not in San Antonio, but in the Dallas- Until the first Chronicle poll, the spirit Senate. Fort Worth area." Furthermore, he said, was somewhat relaxed in the Yarborough " 'The Bush family, father and son, are "We have very limited money. We can't headquarters, but that poll apparently attempting to buy a Texas seat in the Sen- afford billboards. We had six in Galveston- jarred some of them and was used to jar ate, just as they would buy a seat on the Houston, that's all we've had in the state. others. Yarborough headquarters in Austin New York Stock Exchange, where my op- We had them for just three weeks, and it has been abuzz seven days and seven nights ponent's father's investment banking firm cost us $1,000. My opponent's first contract a week for the last two weeks, and it's operates. called for 200 of them in Harris CoUnty staffed with volunteers who were not in " "They will find on November 3rd that alone. Six hundred of them, figure it out, evidence until recently. Yarborough's cam- the people of Texas have a pride and an that would cost $100,000. He must have paign seemed to be slow in building up, honor that is not for sale, and neither is hundreds of thousands of dollars for them." but is fast now in the wind-up. One senses their Senate place.' " State-wide TV programs cost about that it is much more improvised than Yarborough handed the three sheets of $10,000 each in Texas, and Yarborough Bush's, from the daily itinerary to the pre- paper to Ralph Collins, the clean-cut Uni- said he hopes for three of these. Yarbor- parations made for Yarborough's activi- versity of Texas government student who ough said people tell him everywhere he ties on the road, but the senator has been is traveling with him, and Collins reached goes they saw his opponent on TV the pulling large crowds anyway. He goes a phone as soon as he could in San Antonio night before, from which he concludes constantly, talks a great deal to those and telephoned the release to Austin head- Bush must be spending an-awful lot on this, around him, and copes with TV crews and quarters for dissemination to the press too. procedures with a veteranship fairly free from there. In this episode one can see (Bush told an Austin press conference of impatience and free also of irritability the improvisation of the campaign, but also he plans three statewide TV programs in while the Observer watched. Yarborough's close control of it. the last week.) Although Yarborough's and Bush's re- Both Yarborough and Bush are interest- A reporter asked if hinds for the war marks collide and skirmish at many points ed watching the stickers on cars as they on poverty would become available in San on a variety of subjects, the major battles drive through cities. Yarborough says that Antonio soon, and Yarborough thought each is waging do not seem joined, because when he sees a Bush sticker, he likes to see probably they would. He said the programs they have not agreed, for obvious reasons, a Goldwater sticker on the same car. He under the war on poverty are not im- where the major battles ought to be fought. wonders if anyone has seen a Johnson- practical or especially visionary, but are Bush is attacking Yarborough as a "left- Bush sticker ; he has not. Bush says he has instead essentially training programs to winger," running through the spectrum of heard of such stickers, but has not himself qualify people for jobs in youth camps like issues and slogans that cognomen suggests: seen them, while some of his aides• say they the old C.C.C. camps or youth camps Yarborough prefers to stress, not such have. Yarborough was pleased with plain located in the places where young people issues as these, but his accomplishments in "Johnson-Yarborough" stickers that are work ; in work-training programs whereby education-building legislation, conservation, being used in Texas, and was pleased also people work half a day and are trained and veterans' affairs. Yet plenty of sparks when Sam Bennett, who had arranged a half a day; and in work-study programs are struck in the skirmishes, too. meeting of governmental figures for him in which youths work at federal projects Flying from Austin to San Antonio, Yar- at lunch in San Antonio, called his atten- on campus half a day and can go to school borough pulled out a writing board from tion to a sticker being used in San Antonio, the other half on what they are paid. the craft's side wall and wrote out a press "LBJ" at the left side of it and "Gonzalez- Literacy programs, too, are provided, release on a legal-size yellow tablet. The Yarborough" on the right. (Cong. Henry literacy being necessary for most semi- Observer may be mistaken about it, but Gonzalez of San Antonio has a nominal skilled jobs these days, Yarborough ex- this very release seems to convey the anti- Republican opponent.) plained. Yankee, populist thrust of Yarborough's campaign. Not pausing even to buckle his PAUSING at the San Antonio A FTER A STOP to visit offici- seat belt as the plane touched down, Yar- Democratic headquarters, Yarborough was als of HemisFair, the project to stage a borough wrote in large and swirling hand: waylaid by reporters for an unscheduled hemispheric fair in San Antonio in 1968, "It has been ten years since Texans have news conference. He said Bush has been Yarborough proceeded to WOAI to record seen as much money spent on one state- campaigning since September, 1963, and a "conversation" with two newsmen. He wide campaign as my opponent is spending Yarborough full-time only the last few encountered there Dr. August 0. Spain, a in trying to buy a seat in the United States weeks because Congress was in session, but government professor from Texas Christian Senate, U.S. Senator Ralph W. Yarborough believed his campaign has "improved vast- University, and recognized him as the great declared. . . . ly" since he has been able to get through grandson of Gov. Oran Roberts, who " 'The massive number of billboards, the the major areas and communities and tone continuous radio and -TV spots, tapes, up his organization. October 30, 1964 7 Yarborough told Spain he thought was one of the five great Texas governors. ; "He got the first free public schools organized in Texas. He built the present capitol," Yarborough told the somewhat surprised professor. "He was hanged in effigy in Houston for his part in establish- ing the school at Prairie View," (that is, the Negro college,) Yarborough added. Yarborough stressed, in the TV conversation, his party loyalty and his view that splitting a ballot to vote for a Republican after having voted in the Democratic primary and pledging to support its nominees is "intellectual dishonesty" that involves breaking a "solemn pledge." "I don't bolt a ticket. I'm not a bolter. I've read the ticket. I know who's running," Yarborough said. "There's a moral issue, whether when a man signs that pledge he means it or takes it deceitfully." Further, he said, there is a need for a good two-party system, of which the primary pledge is a part. Asked if he has the support of Gov. Connally, Yarborough said Connally would _ have to be asked about that, but "He's made many speeches that he is voting the PHOTOGRAPH BY RUSSELL LEE straight Democratic ticket" this year. As for E. B. Germany, the Dallas industrialist President Johnson, Senator Yarborough, and Hank Brown, President, Texas AFL-CIO heading East Texas Democrats for Bush, asked, that spending on other programs IBM machines to turn out voters, organize Yarborough said Germany had been fined ought be cut down? "Absolutely not. If sign-placard campaigns, and do other poli- $39,000 "for drilling deviated oil wells." you don't educate the people, you can put a tical work in Texas now, Yarborough said. Would Yarborough oppose a Republican wall of missiles around this country and Kennedy barely won Texas in 1960, Nixon primary participant voting for him Nov. you'd still fall," Yarborough snapped, citing receiving more Texas votes than Eisen- 3? Some have done it, and "it's his option," then Russia's graduation of nearly twice hower did in 1952 or 1956, Yarborough but party loyalty is the senator's code, he as many scientists and engineers in recent recalled: Republicans will have 90% of said. years as in the entire West. their members voting, and the election Asked about the "wrestling match" with He said that after seven years in the depends on how many Democrats vote. In Sen. Strom Thurmond, Yarborough said Senate he is chairman of three sub-com- 1960, he recalled, only 43% of Texans did it wasn't that, but that in any event mittees and has racked up solid attainments vote, and if this recurs, "the Democratic "Senator Thurmond has quit the Demo- in education, conservation, and veterans' ticket could be in jeopardy." cratic Party and joined the Republican affairs legislation. He recited education Texas has only one Democratic senator Party, so we'll never have the problem of bills he has passed or co-authored, his now and should keep him, what with a getting him to form a Democratic quorum Padre Island and Fort Davis park bills Democratic administration, a 2-1 Demo- again. I tried to urge him to come on in that have passed, his support of wilderness cratic Senate, and the House nearly 2-1 [to form the quorum]. He had a rather and reclamation legislation, and his role, as Democratic, Yarborough said. violent response." chairman of the veterans' affairs subcom- His opponent, Yarborough said, is 100% Asked about Bush's hostility toward mittee, in shepherding through the Senate for Goldwater, and actually "to the right federal aid, Yarborough said the issue of 42 bills affecting veterans. He likes to hold of Goldwater." In evidence orr this con- federal control is a false one, because all out a letter he has received from the presi- tention, Yarborough holds up the Houston the federal government does is audit the dent of the American Legion, commending Post of Oct. 11, which quoted Bush saying spending of the money to be sure it is spent him on this latter work. he takes "no position" on the John Birch for the purposes it is appropriated to ad- He ran on a platform of cutting taxes, Society but welcomes the support of its vance. "Would [Bush] repeal vocational and this has been done; he advocated to members. [ "I wouldn't want my children education? Would he repeal school lunch voters in 1958 cutting fat out of foreign to join the teen age Birch group. I'd rather money? Would he repeal my National De- aid, and this has been done, but vigilance see them join the Young Republicans. The fense Education Act under which 621 Tex- against foreign aid waste has to continue; society is not an important element in Tex- as high schools have obtained scientific he favors economy in government, and as as politics. If it were, Jack Cox would have equipment? Would he repeal the medical chairman of the civil service subcommittee beaten me in the primary. And it's of no education act, which provided $11 million participates in the constant contest with great influence in Harris County. . . . But for the medical school in San Antonio?" inefficiency and waste, he said. I want their support," Bush was quoted Yarborough asked. "My name," he added, here.] Weeks ago, Yarborough said, Gold- "is on every education bill passed in the water and Miller repudiated the support of last six years" by the Congress. FOR LUNCH Yarborough had the Birch Society. "Twice he [Bush] ap- What about Bush's opposition to exces- to make a decision. Bennett, a county com- peals for the support of the John Birch sive federal spending? "For the last two missioner for 14 years who has now retired Society," Yarborough said. "This shows years," the senator said, "52 cents of every from the courthouse, had arranged a lunch- he's more in league with extremism than dollar has gone for the defense program." eon for him with about 40 key San Antonio politicians; Bill Sinkin wanted him to at- Goldwater and Miller." • Spending for welfare and education—"only about a fourth of the budget" after $73 tend a chamber of commerce luncheon. In this connection, Yarborough is riding billion of the $102 billion budget is allocat- Yarborough chose the meeting Bennett had Bush for saying in speeches and his litera- ed for past, present, and future wars—is arranged, opening his speech to them by ture that the nuclear test ban treaty "won't not excessive, he said. Does it not follow reading, pro forma, the statement he had work." "There are enough cobalt and other from the heavy defense spending, he was written for press release earlier on the type bombs manufactured and in our stock- plane. piles to kill all the Russians 500 times

8 • The Texas Observer The Republicans have the most modern over," the senator said. "Two thirds of the Democrats and two-thirds of the Republi- cation of the mentally retarded, and the dates was available. In San Antonio there cans in the Senate voted to ratify the test like. "I cannot imagine how we could make is substantial emphasis on the "Pull One ban treaty. Bush would be in a minority in the progress in education" Gov. Connally Lever" program. his own party." wants at the state level without Yarbor- Making his presentation to Fore, Yar- Yarborough said San Antonians, living ough's work in Washington, Spears said. borough stressed this program. Fore, he in a city where 44 cents of every payroll Mrs. Ford, formerly chairman of the San said, is "a straight ticket Democrat. He's dollar is federal money, are not hostile to Antonio Conservation Society, said every a loyal Democrat. He Votes that ticket as he federal programs, as some in other areas conservationist and preservationist in San pledges to do." Yarborough also noted that may be. He said that for every dollar paid Antonio would get a lift from Yarborough's two of Gov. Connally's brothers were there into the federal government from Texas, visit there because of his advocacy of "the and thanked them for being at the recep- $1.08 is spent here, because Texas is 36th things that nourish the spirit." Yarborough tion for him earlier in the afternoon, also. in average per capita income. Referring to then touched on the Padre and Fort Davis "A lot of people are trying to divide us Bush's opposition to federal funds to bills and bills he has pending for a Guada- Democrats," he said, but "There's a lot "keep cages clean for baboons, or some- lupe Mountains national park and an Ali- more unity in the Democratic Party than thing like that," Yarborough asked if Bush bates national monument on the Canadian they hoped for." In response, Fore said opposes the aero-space medical research River in Texas at flint quarries that have he has never deviated from voting the program in San Antonio. been worked for 12,000 years. straight ticket, "from president down to He believes in HemisFair and will help On a minute-long spot, Spears boosted public weigher." it as a member of the Senate commerce Yarborough and said, voters, "I ask the A certificate was presented to Grover C. committee, Yarborough said. More than a people of San Antonio to give me a Demo- Morris, a locally well known Democrat, contribution to trade, culture, and edu- cratic senator." On another minute spot, who urged, "Go in the polls with your hat cation, "It will be a binding together of Yarborough told Gonzalez, "You and I see on and pull that lever one time—and when the Americas," he said. eye to eye on practically everything," to you do that, [you'll vote for] Senator Yar- Bryan Jordan, Yarborough's local fi- which Gonzalez responded, "There's no borough, who has the same philosophy of nance chairman, said he needed $2,000 to question of it senator. Your help is in- government that my good late friend Jim- finance a newspaper ad listing 1,014 uni- dispensable" to San Antonio. my Allred had." versity professors endorsing Sen. Yarbor- Yarborough attended a cocktail party in Judge Sewell, in his speech for the Demo- ough, whereupon Charles Murray, a real his honor at the Patio Club of the Menger. crats, took up Yarborough's cause.."I know estate man who said he used to be a mem- About 150 or 200 people were present. The that he's a man of integrity, an honest ber of Yarborough's Baptist Sunday school senator made a short, high-spirited talk. man," Sewell said. Voting aye for the civil class in Austin, pledged $1,000. Others gave Pageant Magazine, he started out, had rights bill, he proved himself a statesman, Jordan checks. reported a poll of the Washington press Sewell said. "I know," said the Corsicana In a press conference then at the Gunter corps rating John Tower and Bruce Alger judge, "that every third man who walks Hotel, Yarborough noted that the only as two of the ten least effective congress- the street of my area is a Negro. It takes way a senator gets on a House-Senate con- men in Washington. "You can't afford put- a man of courage to stand up and fight ference committee is by having been one ting a third one in there" who "welcomes bigotry and prejudice in East Texas, and of three or four who have done the most the support of the John Birch Society," I'm proud of him. Let's go all out for him work on a bill. "I have been on every con- Yarborough said. and see he's re-elected. Wouldn't it be a ference on an education bill in the last Bush having said the nuclear test ban shame to have that little old fella Shrub, six years," during which eight major edu- treaty won't work, Yarborough said fall- or. Bush, or whatever his name is . . ." cation bills have passed, he said. out had been poisoning the soil, and Sewell also touched base endorsing as Margaret Mayer of the Dallas Times- "babies in Eskimoland were being born great men Governor Connally and Presi- Herald asked Yarborough, "Have you felt with leukemia and cancer." Violations of dent Johnson, saying of Goldwater, "I any slight from Governor Connally in this the treaty can be detected in 20 minutes, think what he wants to do is to repeal the campaign?" "No," Yarborough replied, Yarborough said. "I believe in a livable past and to veto the future." and after a pause added, "Governor Con- world," the senator said. "After all, Barry Again he said of the civil rights bill, nally and I are just as close together as Goldwater was a freshman drop-out. My "I'm proud, for one, that it was passed we've ever been." "How close is that, opponent advertises that he was a graduate because I know of the circumstances under senator?" asked a radio reporter. "Well, of Yale with high honors—He oughta know which some people lived, and live and still I've endorsed the straight Democratic better than that." live in this country." Closing the program. Democratic chair- ticket. He's endorsed the straight Demo- He'd heard, Yarborough said, of a man John Daniels said, "There is .a great cratic ticket," Yarborough said. bumper sticker being used in Tennessee deal of apathy. If the Democrats don't vote saying, "Keep the TVA. Sell Arizona." He Nov. 3, we've lost, we've lost." N THE AFTERNOON Yar- would rather just retire Goldwater there, he said. borough taped a TV conversation with YARBOROUGH'S INTENSIVE Cong. Henry Gonzalez, State Sen. Franklin campaigning in East Texas is of special Spears, and Mrs. O'Neil Ford of San An- YARBOROUGH has been at- interest. Bush's polls have not indicated tonio. Gonzalez, on this program, told him tending as many straight party functions that the civil rights subject is as important he's "liked and loved in San Antonio" as a as he can. His theory here appears to be in Texas this election as it has been expect- proven friend of the city. "You didn't have that the "Vote 'er straight" program is ed to be; Bush has not been leaning heavily to be briefed to know what HemisFair is" thereby emphasized and benefits him di- on it. and had helped rescue appropriations for rectly. San Antonio Democrats had planned A speech Yarborough made before East Randolph and Kelly fields that had been a local party night, with Judge Jim Sewell Texas postal clerks in Longview may be lost in the House, Gonzalez told the senator. of Corsicana as the main speaker; a few taken as characteristic of his emphasis in Spears said that only because of Yar- days beforehand it was learned Yarbor- that region on economic issues in the ac- borough's work for - the federal medical ough would attend. He was fitted into the cents of populism. school construction bill was it feasible for program to present a certificate of appreci- Reviewing Democratic accomplishments, the legislature to authorize the new medical ation from President Johnson and Governor he said fat had been cut out of foreign aid, school in San Antonio. "People talk about Connally (in Washington at the time) to decreasing the appropriation from $4.9 bil- more controversial issues like civil rights Sam Fore, Jr., Floresville publisher and lion year before last to $3 billion. The or the tax cut," Yarborough responded, Democrat. About 750 attended the event, Democrats' tax cut meant $406 million ad- but they forget about the Congress having held in the new assembly hall across the ditional income in Texas alone, he said. provided medical education loans, college street from La Villita. Large photographs Government workers have had many pay classroom construction, library assistance, of all the Democratic candidates were dis- vocational education funds, funds for edu- played, and literature for the major candi- October 30, 1964 9 raises the last four years, he told the communists, It's false. I've had enough "Don't let them make you keep quiet," postal clerks, and a health care program experience in life to know what's going on. Senator Yarborough said to these East has been established for federal employees. Your government is not infiltrated with Texans. "Speak out for the greatest gov- Bush, Yarborough said, bragged his communists. ernment in the history of mankind." company drilled oil in Kuwait, Borneo, the East and West Indies, but foreign oil is dealing "a body blow to the independent oil operator." Reading off the name of the managing partner of Zapata Offshore Co. from "New York, New York," Yarborough remarked, "They said, 'Sonny boy, go down The Muddied Fields there and run this thing'—and they're managing it in New York." The company, he said, had a net income of $1.3 million the first nine months of this year, and in Ploughing their labyrinthine campaign stressed that Yarborough "did- not vote" fiscal 1963 obtained a $4.9 million loan trails, the two Senate candidates have on the Hruska amendment to lower beef to ifinance a mobile offshore drilling barge, cross-hatched the patterns of their contest imports. Yarborough's answer: he was fdur of which the firm had as of Sept. 30, into muddily discernible fields of disagree- paired for this Republican amendment, but 1963. Yarborough read off the names of ment. voted also for the beef import controls that many companies Bush is affiliated with became law. whose names specify, "S.A.," for South Socialism or Subsidy? America, and Yarborough charged this is Handouts or Growth a standard gimmick for tax avoidance. Bush's farm policy is ,hostile toward "For the first time in our history," he government subsidies and controls. "The In Austin—at a rally in Pease Park said, "we have these interests sending a government should be further out of farm closing a tour with other GOP candidates representative down here to take our controls instead of further in," he said in —Bush condemned "the phony, the slick, United States Senate seat." Brownwood. Discussing cotton support leg- the empty federal handouts that Yarbor- Attempting to identify the nuclear test islation Yarborough backed, a Bush press ough uses to try to buy his way into the ban treaty with what he understands to be release said that by doing this, Yarborough hearts of Texans." In almost every speech Texas attitudes, Yarborough said fallout "set a precedent for further socialism in Bush condemns "federal giveaway pro- of strontium 90 was causing sterility and future agriculture legislation." He said, as grams." He is opposed to the war on pov- leukemia, yet Bush was spreading the word to cotton, "The government should not per- erty program and counter-proposes more "to Texans that it won't work. What kind mit surpluses to interfere and depress or- industry for Texas—"not a government of vision is that? The atom rocket-rattlers derly markets." handout, not a suntan project reminiscent who are threatening -that they'll blow up Yarborough accuses Bush of wanting an of the Civilian Conservation Corps," as he everybody—to say that we're gonna be end to all farm subsidies. In Corpus the said in Lufkin. In Houston he said federal dropping atom bombs every time they don't Senator said . Texas' $2.5 billion agriculture aid of build classrooms has been proved to agree with us mistakes Texans for un- industry depends on the federal govern- be unnecessary. In Sweetwater he said, civilized people. We're civilized people in ment for a third of its income, and "if you "federal spending has reached a frighten- Texas. He [Bush] hasn't been in Texas long pull out that third, all but a few farms ing level." enough to know the great will of Texans to owned by the rich people would, collapse." Yarborough's response is to- demand to do justice to all the people of the world." Yarborough has been a dedicated sup- know just which federal programs Bush Bush, Yarborough said, would "do away" porter of rural electrification. Texas Co-Op intends to kill. On an East\ Texas swing with farm price supports, which shows he Power, the magazine of the REA co-ops, last week, he specified federal aid money does not understand the Texas economy. delivered for him politically, showing that received locally and asked, "Is, this the kind In authority for this charge against Bush, he has a 100% record for REA, better even of wild federal spending my opponent Yarborough quotes a Corpus Christi paper than Johnson and Humphrey, whereas wants to cut out?" He listed the Rayburn that had Bush advocating unsubsidized Goldwater has opposed REA 92% of the Dam near Lufkin, area development aid to farming. time. From Bush's full support of Gold- the Lufkin airport, aid to build a guest Gregg County is deep-dyed conservative water, Co-Op Power reasoned that Bush, lodge at Diboll, and education and student in its election returns. Yarborough remind- too, is 92% opposed- to REA, shoring up housing loans to Stephen F. Austin College ed his Longview audience that Jim Hogg this conclusion (which it showed in a in Nacogdoches. In Jacksonville Yarbor- was from the district, but lost Gregg and graph) with a reference to Sen. John Tow- ough listed his efforts getting area develop- Smith counties when he ran for governor. er's 100% opposition to the REA cause in ment loans for such industries as Hallmark "Don't let it do to me what it did to Jim Senate voting. Industries and the Southwestern Custom Hogg," he said. "Don't stand back timidly. Yarborough announced a rural Texans Design firm; his help getting $547,000 in Stand up to the licklog. Let's face these for Yarborough -committee with R. T. Price accelerated public works money for Chero- bigots! The place to do it is not for me to of Bryan the chairman. Bryan is also chair- kee County; and funds received by Jack- go out in Midland—you've got to do it right man of the State Agricultural Stabilization sonville and Lon Morris junior colleges un- here in this county. The men at San Jacinto and Conservation Cmte. BuA wired Secre- der the National Defense Education Act, of weren't timid. The men at the Alamo tary of Agriculture Orville Freeman, de- which Yarborough was co-author. weren't timid. This great Republic was manding to know whether this violated the There has been a snarl over Bush's posi- built by the courage of the people." Hatch Act. A department flunky wired tion on the Trinity River development pro- It is, he said, a government of hope, not him back, No, it doesn't; Price works for gram. Bush's first position was that he hate, a government that believes in people the government only about three days a would not vote for all the funds necessary instead of suspicion. "Is wealth going to month and can do as he pleases with the for the program because of the federal defi- destroy us?" he asked. "Are the counties rest of his time. Bush asked anyway cit. There are powerful economic interests with the most money to be the most suspici- whether this wasn't using a government behind this project, as Bush probably ous of government? Why, the counties with agency for politics, but the matter ended learned. Bush announced then that he fa- the most money should be in the forefront at this point. vors the project, had been "troubled by au- of building government. Bush has attempted to create the opin- thorizing a total federal expenditure of "Let's rattle the atom-rattlers like ion that Yarborough has not fought beef three-fourths billion dollars when our fed- they're rattling the atom," he said. "They imports, but has had a difficulty to over- eral budget is in. deficit," and would like say the government is infiltrated with come here in that Yarborough supported to cut out wasteful federal spending "and and voted for the Mansfield bill to limit then we could undertake immediately the 10 The Texas Observer beef imports, which passed. Bush has entire Trinity River project." Although the press received this statement as a full en- Birch Society, and he shares the Goldwater and Bush denied it, calling it "a filthy lie," dorsement of the project, Bush did not so distaste for social security." saying Yarborough "is just lying about it." intend it. In a letter he wrote to the Jack- Bush introduced Goldwater in some of Bush said he has alWays voted to restrict sonville paper, he referred to the statement his Texas appearances. In Fort Worth, for oil imports as a director of three major as a declaration that "I favor the Trinity instance, introducing Goldwater to 6,500 oil associations. River project under certain conditions." persons, Bush said it is "rare in American When first taking note of Bush's denial, Bush endorsed the $3 billion project to political life to have an honest man, a sin- Yarborough said Bush had said he only supply new water to Western areas of cere man, and a reasonable man at the drilled the wells abroad—in Kuwait, Trini- Texas by building an inter-watershed canal head of the ticket of a major political dad, Borneo—he didn't import the oil. In that would carry surplus water from east party," and that he was "honored to ap- Gilmer the senator said, "That's like the to west. He wants the federal government pear on the ticket with Goldwater." He man who planted a cotton crop and owns it to finance extending the screwworm eradi- says, as to Yarborough's statement Bush saying, 'Oh, but I didn't pick a_boll of it.' " cation program into Mexico. is 100% for Goldwater, that he would not agree with anyone 100%. According to Bush's statement in Who's The Union Voters Bu- sh says in speeches he favors a strong Who, '64-'65, Yarborough said, Bush is an social security system (and therefore op- "offshore drilling and producing company Union labor is all-out for Sen. Yarbor- poses medicare), and he says conservatism executive" and president of Zapata Off- ough. A good example is the railroad broth- shore Co. Standard & Poor's and Moody's erhoods' weekly paper, "Labor," which cir- is "compassionate." In Corpus Christi he said he favors a tax credit to help families stock reports for 1964 state that "Zapata culated a special Texas edition headlined, educate their children. In a news release Off-Shore drills offshore gas and oil wells "Keep Yarborough in Senate!" Yarborough for others on a contract basis—throughout is not wont to campaign on this subject, Oct. 17, he said he favors a "bipartisan foreign policy," but he is not stressing such the world and participates on a working leaving unanswered Bush's charges about a theme on the stump. interest basis in offshore farmouts." This it. The Dallas News asked Yarborough if means, Yarborough said, that when Zapata Bush jumped Yarborough for "hiding or one of its subsidiaries drills a well in out" on the right4o-work law by answer- he is a member of ADA or considers its members extremists. He said he is not a the Persian Gulf for Kuwait Shell Petro- ing a Dallas News question that it's a state leum, "which has a lease from the Shiek of matter and he hadn't made a study of it. member but does not consider them extremists. Kuwait," Bush demands an interest in the Mainly, however, Bush has tried to pry oil as well as a rental for his rig. How worker-voters away from Yarborough. On Oil Importing many producing oil leases abroad has Bush Repeatedly Bush has hit Yarborough on or his companies an interest in, and "How grounds that the civil rights bill which The two men have had an acrimonious much money do you or your companies Yarborough voted for will cost white work- .dispute over whether Bush is a foreign oil ing men their jobs. "Many union members importer. Yarborough charged that he is, October 30, .1964 11 tell me they are strongly opposed to Yar- 4742tawaswEgatcrezmmEzEggozmozome:zwagtestammwasmmrlzmwavarezwzaziffxcr a borough's backing of the FEPC section of the civil rights bill, a provision which ti il could threaten their seniority rights," he m w said in Texas City. m 714e Obsetoet as a atistnlag gilt Steven E. Williams, machinists' interna- gt tional representative, has circulated "in- g. formation you should know" about Bush as In many cases the Observer makes a very Name a director of Camco, Inc., an oil tool com- good Christmas gift, and a fairly inexpen- Address pany. Camco, said Williams, fired eleven sive one. We shrink from the commercial- City, State workers for trying to organize the plant, ism of Christmas, too, and therefore hope 0 (Check here if you want us to sign your refused to reinstate them when the Na- this way of doing something real with a name to the gift card.) tional Labor Relations Board ordered it to, gift may appeal to you this year, as it does and is now in court charged with "violat- each year to large numbers of our readers. Name ing the employees' lawful rights to organ- If you have meant to give someone the Ob- Address ize." Bush has said he has not had time to server this is a practical time to do it, too, City, State participate in Cameo's management. because of our Christmas rates. 0 (Check here if you want us to sign your International Longshoremen's Assn. lo- For the first gift subscription, the usual name to the gift card.) cal 1273 invited Bush to speak to them, $5 rate applies; for the second one, $4.50; then cancelled the • invitation. "We're not Name for the third and for each subsequent gift for Bush one drop. We don't want him out Address subscription, $4. You can send ten gift here to speak," said Jim Clark, vice-presi- subscriptions for $40. City, State dent of the Houston local. 0 (Check here if you want us to sign your name to the gift card.) Extremism An Issue We will send a straightforward, well- printed gift announcement in color to each Name of the recipients, and we will hand-sign Yarborough tags Bush a Goldwater ex- Address. tremist, and Bush rejects the label. these with your name as the giver, if you "My opponent supports Barry and the so specify in the relevant place on the City, State Birchers, with their violent attacks of ev- forms below. 0 (Check here if you want us to sign your ery kind on Lyndon Johnson. He cannot be name to the gift card.) Thank you, and Merry You Know What. for Barry Goldwater and Lyndon Johnson Please attach an extra sheet if necessary. at the same time ... He can't be a hyphen- TO: Sarah Payne, Business Manager, Texas This offer does not apply to renewals, ated Goldwater-Johnson-John Birch man," Observer, 504 W. 24th St., Austin, Texas except for renewals of previous Christmas Yarborough said in Sulphur Springs. gift subscriptions. In Dallas the senator said Bush had em- Please send the Observer as a Christmas braced "the strange ideas of Barry Gold- gift to the following people: Enclosed • water . . . which include the abandonment of rural electrification . . . social security Name Signed: . . . our veterans." In Longview he added, Address Name 'The wealthy young man from Connecti- City, State Address cut is against the nuclear test ban, he has (Check here if you want us to sign your City, State publicly 'welcomed' the support of the John name to the gift card.) (Adv.) receive from crude oil that is produced peated, "What is the price of a United from leases and imported into the United Last-Minute Bombs States senator?" States?" Yarborough asked. George Bush says Sen. Yarborough may Bush also asks why Yarborough voted Last Saturday in Odessa, Bush said the throw some "hand grenade" into the cam- not to continue the Bobby Baker investiga- audit of his Zapata Offshore and of George paign in the closing hours. Yarborough tion. On Baker in San Antonio, Yarbor- and Barbara Bush personally proved that says he has nothing of the sort planned, ough told reporters, "I'll just say frankly he is not an oil importer, showing Yarbor- but he had heard "that they're trying some I never trusted Bobby Baker. I was aw- ought to be a "reckless demagogue." Bush kind of smear" at the last minute, but that fully glad to see him leave there. The Sen- said the audit showed that neither he nor "it'll be a dud because it'll be false." ate is a better place without him there." his wife had participated in overseas oil Bush told' 'a breakfast group in Fort Bush charges that the McClellan report production or importation during the two- Worth last week, "It doesn't matter on the on the Estes case shows a close Estes-Yar- year period ending Sept. 30 and that in the Estes thing whether Sen. Yarborough got borough tie. Yarborough said the report ten years since the firm was founded, nei- this money," that is, the $50,000 in the says neither he nor any other federal offi- ther it nor its consolidated subsidiaries has story told by Billie Sol Estes. "It's been cials were guilty of any wrong-doing. "If imported oil or produced oil or gas outside pointed out that he didn't receive it. The there is an ounce of honesty in George the United States. Justice Department gave him a clean bill Bush, he would apologize for what he has of health. I say the question is the involve- said about the charges against me. They 12 The Texas Observer ment—there is a close tie between my op- are based on falsehoods and lies," Yarbor- ponent and Estes. We don't want a man ough said in Dallas. with this tie." The U.S. Justice Department, acting on Later in the day, Bush said, "I've heard the basis of what it said was a full and rumors that perhaps Billie Sol would come exhaustive investigation (presumably by back and say he's told a falsehood all along. the Federal Bureau of Investigation), has It makes no difference to me whether it's branded the $50,000 story told by Estes and $50,000 as alleged or the $8,700 Yarbor- two others as false—"without any founda- The Place in Austin ough admitted taking. . . . I ask this question in fact." tion: What is the price of a United States GOOD FOOD senator?" (The $8,700 was an allusion to Other Developments the total of political contributions Yarbor- There have been, in this as in every ma- GOOD BEER ough specified he received from Estes, all jor race, many side developments. of it before Estes got in any trouble and Sen. George McGovern, D.-S.D., came to 1607 San Jacinto when he was still a leading businessman.) Texas to say Yarborough's re-election is GR 7-4171 At a night rally in Fort Worth, Bush "absolutely critical" and "the most impor- said, as to the $50,000, "I really in my heart tant Senate race in the United States in don't care" whether the sum passed. He re- 1964." George Weaver, assistant secretary

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SPONSORED BY AFL-CIO of labor for international labor affairs, said ton," Nixon said. The former vice-presi- for Yarborough Committee that included in Austin that the Johnson program would dent called Yarborough a "lightweight" some big names, as did also Yarborough's be endangered if Texans "give Tower a who "will never be an effective senator" 16-member finance committee. Clark in a Bush to lean on." Yarborough was given and is "a dedicated radical"; "But I give letter to the Houston Chronicle asked for a special award by the Assembly of Cap- him credit for his open sincerity," Nixon Yarborough's re-election, quoted J. Frank tive Nations for his work for liberty for said. Dobie about him, and said it would be "a the hundred million people of East Eu- Mrs. Yarborough made a campaign trip tremendous setback" for Johnson if Yar- rope. Cong. Jim Wright was main speaker of her own, to San Antonio, attending borough lost; "It would be saying, in ef- at a program in Palestine at which Yar- many teas and meetings. She stressed the fect, that we want the nation to know that borough also spoke, and Wright slammed need for a large voter turnout. During one we want our President handcuffed in his Bush on the Trinity River project. When stop at a headquarters in East San An- work as much as it is possible." Yarborough spoke to the American Legion tonio, she was made a four-star general in Sen. Yarborough's father, C. R. Yarbor- convention in Dallas, Legion Commander the Freedom Army, an organization to get ough, whom the senator had visited Oct. Daniel Foley introduced him as "a great the maximum Negro votes to the polls elec- 13 in Chandler on his hundredth birthday, friend of the veteran. He's in the veteran's tion day. died last weekend. Yarborough cancelled corner." his campaigning, to resume it the final Ed Clark, the Austin lawyer-lobbyist When Yarborough's North Texas fol- week. and friend of the President, and Sterling C. lowers congregated more than 2,000 strong Adams, Houston, formed a Businessmen October .30, 1964 13 for an appreciation dinner for him the eve of the state Democratic convention in Dal- las, the President sent a wire reiterating his support of Yarborough. "As I told my Subscriptions for $4 friends in Stonewall," the wire said, "Texas SPLIT RAIL INN Subscriptions to the Observer can has not had a better champion of the peo- be bought by groups at a cost of $4 a ple than Ralph Yarborough. And there has year, provided ten or more subscrip- 217 South Lamar been no member of the U.S. Senate who tions are entered at one time. If you has stood up and fought for the policies of belong to a group that might be in- my administration since I became Presi- terested in this, perhaps you will want dent more than Ralph Yarborough. He to take the matter up with the others. Where Union fully deserves a new term of six years in (Adv.) the U.S. Senate, and I am hopeful that all the good Democrats and good Ameri- cans in Texas who look to a bright future Men Meet will send him as well as our presidential ticket to Washington in November." Hard-nosed Mortgage Loans, Richard Nixon campaigned Texas for no romance added . . . . Bush, who he said is running ahead of Goldwater in the state. "The people of Texas realize that Ralph Yarborough is to J. W. "TOMMY" TUCKER THREE "SPOTS" the left of John F. Kennedy . . . they are You Can't Afford not going to send him back to Washing- Correspondent 10 AlIS S/ DOBIE AND SILVER P. 0. Box 66103 Houston, Texas 77006 COW PEOPLE, by J. Frank There's a world of fun in Phoenix and ❑ you're in the center of it all at the Dobie, Little, Brown $6.00 JAckson 4-2211 WESTWARD HO. Right downtown , MISSISSIPPI: THE CLOSED with everything close at hand. Fine ❑ rooms and suites, luxury pool and gar- SOCIETY, by James Silver, dens, superb dining and entertainment Harcourt, Brace & World $4.75 rooms. Air-conditioned. Free parking. In the center of Son Antonio, the Mailed anywhere post-free when GUNTER is virtually a city in itself, payment accompanies order. with fine shops and services just off the lobby. Rooms and suites of lux- SUBSCRIBE urious comfort, fine foods served round GARNER & SMITH BOOKSTORE the clock. Family rates, no extra charge For children under 14. Air- 2116 Guadalupe, Austin, Tex. conditioned. Special motor lobby. Phone: GR 7-0925 OR RENEW Enjoy beautiful Corpus Christi more by THE TEXAS OBSERVER staying at one of the world's most beautiful hotels, the ROBERT DRISCOLL. 504 West 24th Street Drive-in lobby, lovely new rooms with 5-3/4 x 17 Flourscent Red & breathtaking views. Superbswimming Austin 5, Texas Blue on White Tagboard pool and cabanas. Finest food, per- sonalized service, full hotel facilities. Enclosed is $5.00 for a one- Excellent location. Air-conditioned. Prices Per 100 year subscription to the Observer 100 500 1,000 10,000 for:

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Pageant Magazine poll of the Washington press corps naming him one of the five least effective members of the House (and Political Intelligence Tower, by the way, one of the five least effective senators). Businessmen for Cabell now include Rob- he's endorsed LBJ-HHH. Casey says he ert B. Cullum, president of the Dallas Congressional Matters voted against the civil rights bill to protect chamber; Ben Carpenter, head of the Trin- 1,10 In San Antonio, Henry Gonzalez, who businesses' control of their own affairs. ity River Improvement Assn.; James As- used to have to fight hard to beat Re- The Republican challenger to Cong. Albert ton, president of the Republic National publicans, is a cinch against John O'Con- Thomas, named Bob Gilbert, accuses Thom- Bank, and Harry Crutcher, Sr., of Mercan- nell. A Gonzalez spokesman says private as of following "the road to socialism," but tile National; and most important, perhaps, polls show Gonzalez ahead 7-1. Be that as has little chance. John Stemmons, president of the Dallas it may, Gonzalez is conceded the heavy Citizens Council. With both daily papers goOr Cong.-at-Large Joe Pool is boosting for Cabell, Alger seems for the first time favorite, and his active campaign is con- the LBJ-HHH ticket regularly, saying strued as an effort to turn out the voters to be running uphill. the issue isn't ideology (Pool being very Alger says the oil depletion allowance for the Democratic ticket. conservative) but leadership. Pool also golor In West Texas, Republican Ed Fore- will be in danger if Democrats win. He re- spoke for Dallas Democrat Earle Cabell in fers to Johnson's "unfortunate choice of man seems not to have given much his race against Bruce Alger. Bill Hayes, ground to Democrat Richard White. Re- companions." He says he does not want GOP opponent to Pool, continues to accuse anyone to get votes out for him that would ports from Democrats in that region indi- him of laxness about fighting communism. cate White would have to go some the last be votes against Goldwater, asking: "What days to win. 1/ Cong. Bob Poage of Waco, Omar Bur- do you think my future would be with Lyn- pot In Houston, Cong. Bob Casey in the leson of Anson, John Dowdy of Ath- don in the White House? . . . Two more county's conservative district is still ens, and Ray Roberts of McKinney extem- years of beating by Dallas businessmen hard challenged by Desmond Barry, the poraneously endorsed Cabell against Alger, who want federal aid?" Republican. Barry accuses Casey of flying too, during an appreciation dinner for Pool goof Americans for Constitutional Action, under false colors as a conservative, since in Dallas. The Dallas Times-Herald con- conservatives' answer to the ADA, en- tinued its drum-fire against Alger, lam- dorsed these Texans for election: Republi- The Texas Observer pooning him in a cartoon because of the cans Alger and Foreman, incumbents, and cJ GOP candidates Dr. John Greco, Bridge City; Fred Dielman, Fort Worth; and Dr. Joe Coulter, Brownsville; and Democrats Pool, Dowdy, Burleson, and 0. C. Fisher, San Angelo. In Houston ACA approved 7o out tie0s in Ixag: both Casey and his opponent, Barry. ACA rated Alger, Foreman, and Dowdy 100% good in their 1964 voting; Casey 81%; If you care for human decency in labor-management relations, Pool 76.6%. please don't buy gasoline and oil from SHAMROCK. 1,/ Americans for Democratic Action re- leased their ratings for 1964, too: Yar- Our union went on strike against this company August 9. The com- borough only 42%, Tower 0; and Gonzalez 92; Brooks 85; Beckworth, Thomas, Pat- pany immediately began hiring strikebreakers to replace our members. mar, Thompson, Wright, and Young 77% each; Mahon, Purcell, Roberts, 69; Poage When the strikers offered unconditionally to return to work, SHAM- and Pickle 62; Teague, 46; Pool, 23; Casey, Burleson, Kilgore, and Rogers, 15; Dowdy ROCK refused to accept the return to work of more than 200 of them— 8; and Fisher, Alger, and Foreman, 0. more than half the original striking group. As to State Officials The company has, in effect, fired these men because they exercised 1/ Atty. Gen. Waggoner Carr augmented their right to strike. SHAMROCK not only attempts to break a strike, his somewhat routine supplemental report on the Warren Report during a it also deprives 200 men of their means of livelihood. luncheon club speech in Lubbock. Carr said Johnson asked him to conduct the inquiry, We urge you to have your car serviced at the station of another and he was to announce it on his own and company—nearly all in Texas offer union-made products—and to to answer no questions. ". . . it was to look as if it were my own decision," Carr said. avoid driving into any SHAMROCK service station. Carr called a press conference in Wash- ington on a matter of "national" impor- tance for a time that prevented many newsmen from covering or attending the Oil, Citenlicat at4. atomic Kennedy funeral. He walked out without answering questions and told the Lubbock lunch group the scene then was "disgrace- ful" as "all the venom against Texas poured Wotkets Ofttelatatiatal 4461 on me." When he went to Washington later, he was told Warren did not want a Texas investigation, and that he was "to drop any plans for a state investigation." He Olf-CgO waited three days to see Warren, then sent word he was going back to Texas to start (Adv.) his inquiry, and was thereupon included in all the Warren investigations. An ad announcing Carr:s discussion of schools if this could be given without vio- to the concessions state educational au- "Dallas and the Warren Commission Re- lating the principle. thorities made to the critics in the last port" on Dallas TV was identified, "Paid Texas textbook controversy. Political Adv., Dallas County Committee Crichton & H. L. Hunt vo The Oak Cliff chamber of commerce for Carr," Oct. 18 in the Dallas News. goor As anticipated, the Houston Tribune, heard ex-Gov. Allan Shivers speak on f,/ State Senator Franklin Spears of San a new weekly on regular newspaper a community project last week in Dallas. Antonio is very likely to run for at= format, is ultra-conservative. Spokesmen His introducer: ex-U.S. Sen. William Blak- torney general of Texas in 1966 if Carr object to it being called Republican, but ley. vacates the position to seek higher office. admit it's conservative. Columnists in news kof A "red flag" to right-wingers, putting On the conservative side, the principal con- columns in the Oct. 15 issue are Sarah Mc- sodium fluoride into public drinking tender for the office may well be House Clendon, Hall Timanus, and Sen. J. Strom water to deter teeth cavities in children, Speaker Byron Tunnell of Tyler, who has Thurmond. The paper's editorial endors- was approved over rightist protests in Fort lines out, hooks baited. The mere possibil- ing Goldwater says electing Johnson means Worth by 8-1 city council vote. On Nov. 3 ity—not, just yet, to say likelihood—of "eventual socialistic dictatorship" and the voters of Abilene pass on the topic in such a contest will shade the 1965 legisla- "communist appeasement" and argues, a plebiscite. The Taylor County Dentists' ture with Spears-vs.-Tunnell undertones "Gus Hall and his Communist Party are Assn. is leading the fight for fluoridation that may affect various controversies. Tun- working for Johnson's election." The pa- there. nell has the power; Spears, like every sena- per Oct. 15 was laden with Republican po- tor, has the filibuster. Spears, who has litical ads. It is circulated free in South- Food Tax Debated been a fairly consistent liberal in the Sen- west Houston, for $5 a year to others. A v J. M. Dellinger, member of the State ate but has trimmed sails on occasion, is spokesman said it is dedicated to objectiv- Parks and Wildlife Cmsn., has flatly in an "up or out" mood. His various en- ity and integrity in news reporting; the contradicted charges that he has had a thusiastic endorsements of Senator Yar- Oct. 15 issue contained a pretty long news conflict of interest. Jack Crichton and Rep. borough's re-election over San Antonio TV story on a PASO meeting. Bob Eckhardt had noted that Dellinger's are a clue to the kind of campaign he may frof The Houston Chronicle has published company got a state road contract, and be planning to run. a valuable six-part series (Oct. 18-24) presuming he used oyster shell, condemned fro Gov. John Connally is safely ignoring on H. L. Hunt by Saul Friedman. Hunt is him for profiting from shell at the same Jack Crichton, his Republican oppon- presented as a person who is much subtler time he has to rule whether shell dredgers ent, but Crichton continues to behave as than most people think. Among items of jeopardize live oyster reefs when they though he is playing for keeps. He says topical interest in Friedman's series: Jack dredge for the dead shell in the bays. Del- Connally, introducing Humphrey in Hous- Crichton, the GOP candidate for governor, linger said in Corpus Christi that the ton, has sold out to the ADA. He reminds is listed (as of Sept. 17, 1963) as a member charge is false; that he has never used voters Connally was Johnson's right-hand of the board of trustees of the H. L. Hunt shell in any project during his 17 years in man during the 1948 Box 13 controversy. Foundation; Hunt's son, Nelson Bunker the construction business. In the $1.5 mil- He says if Johnson and Connally win, the Hunt, and another of 'his relatives each lion contract his company got, he said, oil depletion allowance will be in danger, gave Jack Cox $2,500 for his campaign for crushed limestone—not shell—was used. despite Johnson's past support of it. the GOP senatorial nomination this year; goOr How to raise the money in the 1965 An interesting charge has been leveled Cong.-at-Large Joe Pool of Dallas solicited legislature? The Dallas Times-Herald against Land Cmsr. Jerry Sadler by campaign money from Hunt, but unsuc- reports that "Speaker Byron Tunnell said his GOP opponent, John Matthews. Mat- cessfully; "one of Goldwater's finance the revenue would most likely come thews says Sadler approved the sale of a men" told Friedman, "If Hunt- has given through changes in the sales tax laws and us money it's none of your business, but $191,000 tract of land to a Cisco man with October 30, 1964 15 only 5% down at a time when the veterans' I'll say that Hunt has a lot of money and land program is out of money for 90% of it's been hard to shake him loose from it"; the state's eligible veterans. Matthews also and Hunt's son-in-law, Al G. Hill, is ac- says the program is making an $80 million tively promoting a hush-hush project to locate, evaluate, indoctrinate, and advance, profit when it should be non-profit; that J. W. "TOMMY" TUCKER the $60,000 plane Sadler had his agency all without their knowledge, conservative buy flew only 73 hours in 1963; that the and persuasive candidates for Congress. state's one-sixth royalty in leased lands for gog Despite day-long protests before a Appraisal of Real Estate oil exploration ought to be cut down to one- jammed hearing, the State Textbook Committee has recommended the State eighth. 3317 Montrose Boulevard Board of Education adopt three biology 1/ The Baptist Standard has contrived a and five civics books for use in the public merciless procedure for clubbing poli- schools. The biology texts—the first ever Houston, Texas 77006 ticians into answering questionaires. Poll- protested in Texas—were assailed by reli- ing Texas congressional candidates by reg- gious fundamentalists for teaching evolu- JAckson 4-2211 istered letter on federal aid for parochial tion; the civics texts for comments on the schools, the Standard sent a second letter UN, among other things. Making no com- to those who didn't answer their first one ment on its decision, the State Textbook and notified the recalcitrants that they Committee chose to stand firm, in contrast would be said to have "Refused to answer" if they did not respond. Only two did not answer—Cong. Jack Brooks and Albert MEETINGS MARTIN ELFANT Thomas—and 300,000 Baptists were duly advised that they had "Refused to answer." THE THURSDAY CLUB of Dallas meets each George Bush and Ralph Yarborough both Thursday noon for lunch (cafeteria style) at Sun Life of Canada the Downtown YMCA, 605 No. Ervay St., indicated opposition to such aid, as did Dallas. most of those responding. Bruce Alger nat- The TRAVIS COUNTY LIBERAL DEMO- 1001 Century Building urally opposed it, since he opposes any fed- CRATS meet at Saengerrunde Hall, Scholz' eral aid to education, but Earle Cabell said Garten, at 8 p.m. on the first and third Thurs- Houston, Texas days. You're invited. he opposes legislation upsetting the princi- Items for this regular feature must be re- ple of separation of church and state but ceived seven days before the date of issue in CA 4-0686 would favor consideration for taxpayers which they are to be published. 7c per word, one publication; 5c per word, each additional pub- who support both public and private lication.

through the removal of some exemptions"; they'll work for is the basis of the demand the political doctors are against medicare Rep. Dick Cherry, Waco, supported raising for them—and for an international mini- for selfish reasons and would use their own the sales tax rate rather than lifting ex- mum wage agreement through Washing- grandmothers' situations to argue against emptions from it. Sen. George Parkhouse ton-Mexico City authorities. it if they thought that would work. Be- said in Dallas that the legislature could get sides, the basic state program already ex- the money needed without sales-taxing ists; Amendment No. 3 is just an extension groceries; he suggested higher tuition rates of it. Although I resent the medical pro- for colleges, a sales tax on farm machin- Observations pagandists placing voters in the position ery, and requiring REA co-ops to pay the of contributing to their self-serving propa- sales tax on now-exempt items. "I am con- ganda, I think the risk of jeopardizing vinced we can avoid raising the sales tax Politics, Anyone? federal medicare is marginal and will vote rate or levying the tax on grocery pur- I anticipate, as do most observers, aye. R.D. chases," Parkhouse said. The brass-collar that the U.S. Senate race will be close Tues- Democrat Jacksonville Daily Progress said day. A few, a few hundred, a few thous- the sales tax is here to stay, and "Better ands of votes could make the difference. spread it to items now exempt than to in- Turn-out-the-vote organizations are doing Dialogue crease its rate," in effect an endorsement all they can. What can an individual do? of a sales tax on groceries. We suppose 15,000 or 20,000 people read g, Members of the legislature were wined each issue of the ObServer. If each reader will communicate with two or three others Yarborough vs. Goldwaterism and dined in Dallas before the Texas- Up here in the land of (relative) sanity, Oklahoma football game by the Dallas and be sure they vote for Yarborough Tues- day, it could matter. If those readers who one can forget so easily that not all voters chamber of commerce (the night before) have the choice between a Keating and a and by the State Fair of Texas (at noon can take all or part of Tuesday off will present themselves to the Yarborough Kennedy, and that it is possible for a man before). The practice of entertaining the of the great stature of our Ralph Yarbor- legislators through sterling civic organi- headquarters in their areas Tuesday morn- ough to be in danger because of the forces zations has been gaining ground in Texas ing and offer to haul voters or do telephone work, it could matter. of Goldwaterism.—Sue Wheeler, 303 East the last four or five years. 71st St., New York 21, N.Y. g/ Gov. Connally and other state officials Politics is dirty work, but it leads to the asked a federal court in Houston to improvement or the worsening of society. Food for Thought give the legislature until Jan. 15, 1966, to Senator Yarborough's re-election and the In your Sept. 18 editorial you mention effect legislative redistricting. The deadline attendant election of President Johnson that you might vote for Goldwater if he for congressional redistricting is next Aug. and Senator Humphrey will lead, I be- ran for dog catcher. I can just see the 1. A federal suit now pends in Austin to lieve, to the improvement of society. More campaign poster: redistrict commissioners' districts in Hays than ever I am convinced that the out- GOLDWATER FOR DOG CATCHER County. come depends on voter turnout. "Obvious- Deep In Your Heart You Know He'll Bite pOr The U.S. Supreme Court having re- ly," wrote pollster Joe Belden last Sunday, (Them Back) jected the Texas AFL-CIO lawsuit "a large turnout will benefit Yarborough, Gregor H. Riesser, 1514 Greenbriar Ave., against commuters from Mexico on grounds who maintains a substantial 15-point dis- Pasadena, Tex. the organization was not a legitimate liti- tance from Bush among all voters but only P.S. Recipe for Goldwater Barbecue: First gant on the issue, Texas labor is now re- a five-point lead among likely voters." you take a small conventional .. . suming its campaign for a state minimum It strikes me as likely that a few tele- No Margin for Complacency wage—which it figures would cut down phone calls or a few hours' work next Tues- Your description of the current cam- the commuters, since the dirt-cheap wages day will be the most valuable brief contri- paign as being "cast over by some subtle bution an ordinary Texan can make to a 16 The Texas Observer sickness of spirit" [Obs. Oct. 2] seems better world in this decade. especially acute. Events of the past eleven months have culminated in a totally unreal, The Three Amendments chaotic political condition. We are pre- The first constitutional amendment to sented with President Johnson, whom we be voted on Tuesday, to prohibit the legiS- have not known long as a liberal, and a lature from spending any of the permanent candidate whose ignorance of present day school fund for operating expenses of the problems and causes is terrifying. schools, conserves that fund for basic The situation, however, is not at all school improvements and deserves an aye devoid of hope. President Johnson has gone vote. much farther in his support of liberal pro- The second one, requiring longer notice grams than mere expediency would seem to the public and the Texas Water Com- to dictate. He has shown the inclination— mission before a legislator tries to create a and he certainly has the ability—to be an new water district or substantially change outstanding President. an old one, seems all right. In. Texas we need a very large turnout The third one would authorize the legis- of Democratic voters for two purposes. In lature to extend medical services to needy addition to augmenting the overwhelming elderly Texans who are not now covered defeat of Senator Goldwater and thereby by the present state medical vendor pay- permitting the Republican Party to be ments program because they have enough salvaged, a large Democratic turnout is resources to have kept them from qualify- essential to Senator Yarborough's reelec- ing for old age assistance. The Texas Medi- tion. cal Assn. is using this state program in its The slightest complacency or indolence propaganda against U.S. medicare under among Democrats could result in the elec- social security. Texans are being asked why tion of a second Goldwater-type, anti- they should support comprehensive federal everything senator from Texas. And while medicare for the aged when they already Senator Tower has at times provided comic have a state program. "Why Pay Twice?" relief, the state can hardly afford two like ask doctors' ads in major Texas dailies. him. However, the state program itself is all Don W. Allford, 1505 Cloverleaf, Austin, right, and everybody knows already that Texas.