How One Computer Salesman Contributed to the Digital Revolution
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"Computers" Abacus—The First Calculator
Component 4: Introduction to Information and Computer Science Unit 1: Basic Computing Concepts, Including History Lecture 4 BMI540/640 Week 1 This material was developed by Oregon Health & Science University, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015. The First "Computers" • The word "computer" was first recorded in 1613 • Referred to a person who performed calculations • Evidence of counting is traced to at least 35,000 BC Ishango Bone Tally Stick: Science Museum of Brussels Component 4/Unit 1-4 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 2 Version 2.0/Spring 2011 Abacus—The First Calculator • Invented by Babylonians in 2400 BC — many subsequent versions • Used for counting before there were written numbers • Still used today The Chinese Lee Abacus http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~elf/abacus/ Component 4/Unit 1-4 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 3 Version 2.0/Spring 2011 1 Slide Rules John Napier William Oughtred • By the Middle Ages, number systems were developed • John Napier discovered/developed logarithms at the turn of the 17 th century • William Oughtred used logarithms to invent the slide rude in 1621 in England • Used for multiplication, division, logarithms, roots, trigonometric functions • Used until early 70s when electronic calculators became available Component 4/Unit 1-4 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 4 Version 2.0/Spring 2011 Mechanical Computers • Use mechanical parts to automate calculations • Limited operations • First one was the ancient Antikythera computer from 150 BC Used gears to calculate position of sun and moon Fragment of Antikythera mechanism Component 4/Unit 1-4 Health IT Workforce Curriculum 5 Version 2.0/Spring 2011 Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519, Italy Leonardo da Vinci • Two notebooks discovered in 1967 showed drawings for a mechanical calculator • A replica was built soon after Leonardo da Vinci's notes and the replica The Controversial Replica of Leonardo da Vinci's Adding Machine . -
UNIVAC I Computer System
Saved from the Internet on 3/9/2010 Created by Allan Reiter UNIVAC I Computer System After you look at this yellow page go to the blue page to find out how UNIVAC I really worked. My name is Allan Reiter and in 1954 began my career with a company in St Paul, Minnesota called Engineering Research Associates (ERA) that was part of the Remington Rand Corporation. I was hired with 3 friends, Paul S. Lawson, Vernon Sandoz, and Robert Kress. We were buddies who met in the USAF where we were trained and worked on airborne radar on B-50 airplanes. In a way this was the start of our computer career because the radar was controlled by an analog computer known as the Q- 24. After discharge from the USAF Paul from Indiana and Vernon from Texas drove up to Minnesota to visit me. They said they were looking for jobs. We picked up a newspaper and noticed an ad that sounded interesting and decided to check it out. The ad said they wanted people with military experience in electronics. All three of us were hired at 1902 West Minnehaha in St. Paul. We then looked up Robert Kress (from Iowa) and he was hired a few days later. The four of us then left for Philadelphia with three cars and one wife. Robert took his wife Brenda along. This was where the UNIVAC I was being built. Parts of the production facilities were on an upper floor of a Pep Boys building. Another building on Allegheny Avenue had a hydraulic elevator operated with water pressure. -
Technical Handbook Carbonless Papers
www.mitsubishi-paper.com HiTec Paper. Technical Handbook Carbonless Papers Technical Handbook A technical handbook for the printing and processing of Giroform, the carbonless paper from Mitsubishi HiTec Paper Europe GmbH. Published by: Mitsubishi HiTec Paper Europe GmbH Niedernholz 23 33699 Bielefeld | Germany All rights are reserved. This also includes partial extraction, reproduction by photographic means and use of the translations made. Retail Price: EUR 15.00 4 | Technical Handbook Foreword This technical handbook for Giroform is intended to Many of the explanations, recommendations and give help and information to forms manufacturers, our limitations are not only applicable to Giroform, but distributors and to forms users. also to carbonless papers of a similar technical con struction. In addition to explanations of the construction, proper ties and processing of Giroform, we have therefore also Should you require any further information please dealt with questions of forms usage. contact us – our distributors and technical advisers will always be pleased to help. We have endeavoured to compile a detailed product handbook, with which most questions concerning the The information given in the handbook is based on our use and application of Giroform can be answered. many years of experience. It does not, however, relieve | 5 the forms manufacturer or user of his duty of ordinary therefore, reserve the right to modify the product. We care and control. will, however, endeavour to inform our customers as soon as possible of any changes likely to affect the Because the processing and use of Giroform takes pla use of our product. ce beyond our control, no possible product guarantee claims can be derived from the contents of this hand book. -
Understanding Intangible Culture Heritage Preservation Via Analyzing Inhabitants' Garments of Early 19Th Century in Weld Quay
sustainability Article Understanding Intangible Culture Heritage Preservation via Analyzing Inhabitants’ Garments of Early 19th Century in Weld Quay, Malaysia Chen Kim Lim 1,*, Minhaz Farid Ahmed 1 , Mazlin Bin Mokhtar 1, Kian Lam Tan 2, Muhammad Zaffwan Idris 3 and Yi Chee Chan 3 1 Institute for Environment & Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; [email protected] (M.F.A.); [email protected] (M.B.M.) 2 School of Digital Technology, Wawasan Open University, 54, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, George Town 10050, Malaysia; [email protected] 3 Faculty of Art, Computing & Creative Industry, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim 35900, Malaysia; [email protected] (M.Z.I.); [email protected] (Y.C.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This qualitative study describes the procedures undertaken to explore the Intangible Culture Heritage (ICH) preservation, especially focusing on the inhabitants’ garments of different ethnic groups in Weld Quay, Penang, which was a multi-cultural trading port during the 19th century in Malaysia. Social life and occupational activities of the different ethnic groups formed the two main spines of how different the inhabitants’ garments would be. This study developed and demonstrated a step-by-step conceptual framework of narrative analysis. Therefore, the procedures used in this study are adequate to serve as a guide for novice researchers who are interested in undertaking Citation: Lim, C.K.; Ahmed, M.F.; a narrative analysis study. Hence, the investigation of the material culture has been exemplified Mokhtar, M.B.; Tan, K.L.; Idris, M.Z.; by proposing a novel conceptual framework of narrative analysis. -
Operating Instructions: (D086/D087/D088/D089)
Operating Instructions Printer Reference 1 Preparing the Machine 2 Printing Documents 3 Printing Stored Documents 4 Printing Files from an External Memory Device 5 Saving and Printing Using the Document Server 6 Printer Features 7 Appendix Read this manual carefully before you use this machine and keep it handy for future reference. For safe and correct use, be sure to read the Safety Information in "About This Machine" before using the machine. TABLE OF CONTENTS Manuals for This Machine.................................................................................................................................6 Notice..................................................................................................................................................................8 Important.........................................................................................................................................................8 How to Read This Manual.................................................................................................................................9 Symbols...........................................................................................................................................................9 Names of Major Items...................................................................................................................................9 Notes...............................................................................................................................................................9 -
THE UNREALIZED MAHATHIR-ANWAR TRANSITIONS Social Divides and Political Consequences
THE UNREALIZED MAHATHIR-ANWAR TRANSITIONS Social Divides and Political Consequences Khoo Boo Teik TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA ISSN 0219-3213 TRS15/21s ISSUE ISBN 978-981-5011-00-5 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace 15 Singapore 119614 http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg 9 7 8 9 8 1 5 0 1 1 0 0 5 2021 21-J07781 00 Trends_2021-15 cover.indd 1 8/7/21 12:26 PM TRENDS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 21-J07781 01 Trends_2021-15.indd 1 9/7/21 8:37 AM The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Singapore APEC Study Centre and the Temasek History Research Centre (THRC). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 21-J07781 01 Trends_2021-15.indd 2 9/7/21 8:37 AM THE UNREALIZED MAHATHIR-ANWAR TRANSITIONS Social Divides and Political Consequences Khoo Boo Teik ISSUE 15 2021 21-J07781 01 Trends_2021-15.indd 3 9/7/21 8:37 AM Published by: ISEAS Publishing 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 [email protected] http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg © 2021 ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore All rights reserved. -
PEMIKIRAN SOEDJATMOKO TENTANG NASIONALISME Analisis Konten Dari Buku-Buku Karangan Soedjatmoko
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Repository Universitas Negeri Jakarta PEMIKIRAN SOEDJATMOKO TENTANG NASIONALISME Analisis Konten dari Buku-buku Karangan Soedjatmoko Ayu Rahayu 4115133797 Skripsi yang ditulis untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan dalam memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA 2018 2 ABSTRAK AYU RAHAYU, Pemikiran Soedjatmoko tentang Nasionalisme, Analisis Konten dari Buku-buku Karangan Soedjatmoko. Skripsi. Jakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Desember 2017. Penelitian ini meneliti rasa nasionalisme yang kerap digaungkan. Meski rasa nasionalisme hanya menjadi slogan semata. Orang-orang yang berbicara nasionalisme namun tidak tahu pasti arti, makna dan tindakan dari rasa Nasionalisme. Sebab, pengasahan nasionalisme dipisahkan dari sejarah bangsa. Nasionalisme tanpa melihat kembali konteks sejarah hanya menuai konflik. Untuk menghindari nasionalisme dangkal, diadakanlah penggalian gagasan dari Soedjatmoko. Penelitian ini diajukan untuk mengolah pemikiran Soedjatmoko tentang Nasionalisme. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik Analisis menggunakan analisis konten pada buku-buku karangan Soedjatmoko Tiga buku dipilih untuk memenuhi teknik analisis. Tiga buku karangan Soedjatmoko berjudul Kebudayaan Sosialis, Dilema Manusia dalam Pembangunan dan Pembangunan dan Kebebasan. Dari -
Daim: New Financial Hub Proposal Merits Consideration (NST 11/03
11/03/2000 Daim: New financial hub proposal merits consideration Hardev Kaur in Jakarta JAKARTA, Fri: The proposal for a new financial centre, possibly based in Bandar Seri Begawan, to facilitate financial transactions among Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei, deserves serious consideration despite there being already such centres in East Asia and South-East Asia. Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid, who had discussed the proposal with the Sultan of Brunei recently, raised the matter during bilateral talks with Prime Minister Datuk Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad at the Merdeka Palace yesterday. Finance Minister Tun Daim Zainuddin said details of the proposal as well as implications of the move must be studied. He was asked whether there is room for another centre, considering there are already Labuan International Offshore Financial Centre (IOFC), the Bangkok Financial Centre, Singapore, Hong Kong and Tokyo. "If there is business, why not?" Daim said. In fact, members of the East Asia Growth Area (EAGA) - Malaysia, Brunei Indonesia and the Philippines - have agreed that the Labuan IOFC serve as the financial centre for the grouping. Even so, the proposal should not be rejected outright, he said, adding that Indonesia and Brunei might have their reasons for suggesting it. When Malaysia decided to set up Labuan IOFC, it undertook several detailed studies including looking at operations of existing financial centres such as the one in the Cayman Islands. Daim is in the high-powered delegation accompanying Dr Mahathir on his two-day official visit here. The Finance Minister, who is also Special Functions Minister, held parallel discussions with his counterpart and the republic's other economic ministers. -
Turkish Literature from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Turkish Literature
Turkish literature From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Turkish literature By category Epic tradition Orhon Dede Korkut Köroğlu Folk tradition Folk literature Folklore Ottoman era Poetry Prose Republican era Poetry Prose V T E A page from the Dîvân-ı Fuzûlî, the collected poems of the 16th-century Azerbaijanipoet Fuzûlî. Turkish literature (Turkish: Türk edebiyatı or Türk yazını) comprises both oral compositions and written texts in the Turkish language, either in its Ottoman form or in less exclusively literary forms, such as that spoken in the Republic of Turkey today. The Ottoman Turkish language, which forms the basis of much of the written corpus, was influenced by Persian and Arabic and used the Ottoman Turkish alphabet. The history of the broader Turkic literature spans a period of nearly 1,300 years. The oldest extant records of written Turkic are the Orhon inscriptions, found in the Orhon River valley in central Mongolia and dating to the 7th century. Subsequent to this period, between the 9th and 11th centuries, there arose among the nomadic Turkic peoples of Central Asia a tradition of oral epics, such as the Book of Dede Korkut of the Oghuz Turks—the linguistic and cultural ancestors of the modern Turkish people—and the Manas epic of the Kyrgyz people. Beginning with the victory of the Seljuks at the Battle of Manzikert in the late 11th century, the Oghuz Turks began to settle in Anatolia, and in addition to the earlier oral traditions there arose a written literary tradition issuing largely—in terms of themes, genres, and styles— from Arabic and Persian literature. -
8 Highly Effective Habits That Helped Make Bill Gates the Richest Man on Earth
8 Highly Effective Habits That Helped Make Bill Gates the Richest Man on Earth Adopting these habits may not make you a billionaire, but it will make you more effective and more successful. By Minda Zetlin, Co-author of 'The Geek Gap' How did Bill Gates get to be the richest person in the world, with a net worth around $80 billion? Being in the right place with the right product at the dawn of the personal computer era certainly had a lot to do with it. But so do some very smart approaches to work and life that all of us can follow. The personal finance site GOBankingRates recently published a list of 10 habits and experiences that make Gates so successful and helped him build his fortune. Here are my favorites. How many of them do you do? 1. He's always learning. Gates is famous for being a Harvard dropout, but the only reason he dropped out is that he and Paul Allen saw a window of opportunity to start their own software company. In fact, Gates loves learning and often sat in on classes he wasn't signed up for. That's something he had in common with Steve Jobs, who stuck around after dropping out of Reed College, sleeping on floors, so that he could take classes that interested him. 2. He reads everything. "Just about every kind of book interested him -- encyclopedias, science fiction, you name it," Gates's father said in an interview. Although his parents were thrilled that their son was such a bookworm, they had to establish a no-reading-at-the-dinner-table rule. -
Technocracy in Economic Policy-Making in Malaysia
Technocracy in Economic Policy-Making in Malaysia Khadijah Md Khalid* and Mahani Zainal Abidin** This article looks at the role of the technocracy in economic policy-making in Malay- sia. The analysis was conducted across two phases, namely the period before and after the 1997/98 economic and financial crises, and during the premiership of four prime ministers namely Tun Razak, Dr Mahathir, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, and Najib Razak. It is claimed that the technocrats played an important role in helping the political leadership achieve their objectives. The article traces the changing fortunes of the technocracy from the 1970s to the present. Under the premiership of Tun Razak, technocrats played an important role in ensuring the success of his programs. However, under Dr Mahathir, the technocrats sometimes took a back seat because their approach was not in line with some of his more visionary ventures and his unconventional approach particularly in managing the 1997/98 financial crisis. Under the leadership of both Abdullah Ahmad Badawi and Najib Razak, the technocrats regain their previous position of prominence in policy-making. In conclusion, the technocracy with their expert knowledge, have served as an important force in Malaysia. Although their approach is based on economic rationality, their skills have been effectively negotiated with the demands of the political leadership, because of which Malaysia is able to maintain both economic growth and political stability. Keywords: technocracy, the New Economic Policy (NEP), Tun Abdul Razak, Dr Mahathir Mohamad, National Economic Action Council (NEAC), government-linked companies (GLCs), Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Najib Tun Razak Introduction Malaysia is a resource rich economy that had achieved high economic growth since early 1970s until the outbreak of the Asian crisis in 1998. -
PRINT GLOSSARY Acetate a Thin Flexible Sheet of Transparent Plastic Used to Make Overlays Against the Grain at Right Angles to the Grain Direction to the Paper
PRINT GLOSSARY acetate a thin flexible sheet of transparent plastic used to make overlays against the grain at right angles to the grain direction to the paper application a computer program designed for a particular use, such as word processing (Microsoft Word) or page layout (Quark Xpress) artwork a process which follows the initial design stage and makes rough ideas into print-ready form 'A' sized paper paper sizes based on the dimensions of a large A0 sheet a/w artwork backing up process of printing on the second side of a printed sheet binding process of fastening papers together bitmap a grid of pixels or printed dots generated by computer to represent type and images blanket thick rubber sheet that transfers ink from plate to paper on the press bleed the printed image extends beyond the trim edge of a sheet or page blend a smooth transition between two colours, also known as a graduated tint blind emboss impression of an un-inked image onto the back of a sheet which produces a raised or embossed image on the front of the sheet bond paper a grade of paper suited for letterheads, business forms etc. carbonless paper (NCR) paper coated with chemicals that enable transfer of images from one sheet to another with pressure from writing or typing cast coated coated paper with a very high-gloss enamel finish CMYK cyan, magenta, yellow and key (black); the four process colours; which combine together in varying proportions to produce the full colour spectrum collating gathering together sheets of paper from a book, magazine or brochure and