CITY OF PASADENA 175 NORTH GARFIELD AVENUE PASADENA, CA 91101-1704
INITIAL STUDY
In accordance with the Environmental Policy Guidelines of the City of Pasadena, this analysis, and supporting data constitute the Initial Study for the subject project. This Initial Study provides the assessment for a determination whether the project may have a significant effect on the environment.
SECTION I - PROJECT INFORMATION
1. Project Title: Pasadena General Plan Update
2. Lead Agency Name and Address: City of Pasadena, Planning & Community Development Department 175 N. Garfield Avenue Pasadena, CA 91101
3. Contact Person and Phone Number: Scott Reimers, Planner Planning & Community Development Department City of Pasadena (626) 744-6710
4. Project Location: The project site is the entire City of Pasadena, which is in the west San Gabriel Valley in central Los Angeles County, six miles northeast of the Los Angeles Civic Center (see Figure 1, Regional Location, and Figure 2, Aerial Photograph).
5. Project Sponsor’s Name and Address: City of Pasadena Scott Reimers, Planner Planning & Community Development Department 175 N. Garfield Avenue Pasadena, CA 91109
6. General Plan Designation: Various; see Section 8, below.
7. Zoning: Various; see Section 8, below.
8. Surrounding Land Uses and Setting:
The proposed General Plan Update would apply to the entire City, spanning 14,802 acres from the southern slopes of the San Gabriel Mountains in the north to the west-central San Gabriel Valley in the south. The junction of the Interstate 210 (I-210), State Route 134 (SR-134), and I-710 freeways is near the western end of the City’s Central District; the I-210 then extends east across the central part of the City and north through the northwest part of the City. The Gold Line light-rail line (Metro Rail Service Line 804) extends north–south through the southwest part of the City and continues eastward in the median of the I-210, terminating near the east City boundary.
The City is nearly fully developed with a mixture of urban and suburban uses, including residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial uses (see Figure 2, Aerial Photograph). The variety of land uses in Pasadena is well-represented by the City’s Specific Plan areas:
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 1 . Central District. Pasadena’s Central District is the City’s urban core and includes downtown Pasadena, Old Pasadena and the Civic Center/Midtown area. Colorado Boulevard, which runs east– west through the Central District, is one of the region’s premier retail destinations. The specific plan area features numerous historic and culturally important sites, including City Hall and the Pasadena Playhouse. The Central District is a dense, vibrant, and walkable mix of commercial, residential, and civic land uses. It is divided into seven sub-districts in the Central District Specific Plan. . East Colorado. This area is a three mile long corridor extending eastward from Catalina Avenue to the eastern City boundary at Sycamore Avenue. It also includes Allen Avenue from Colorado Boulevard to the Gold Line station at the 210 freeway. East Colorado Boulevard features a broad variety of commercial land uses. . East Pasadena. The East Pasadena Specific Plan area consists largely of retail and industrial areas near the 210 freeway, but also includes some residential uses. Industrial uses are concentrated near Walnut Street. . Fair Oaks/Orange Grove. The Fair Oaks/Orange Grove Specific Plan corridor encompasses approximately 171 acres within Northwest Pasadena. The specific plan divides the area into the La Pintoresca Neighborhood Corridor, Robinson Park, and Renaissance Commercial districts. All three sub-districts feature residential and neighborhood-serving commercial land uses. The Robinson Park district also features an important cluster of civic and community-serving institutions. The specific plan area is considered the “gateway” to Northwest Pasadena. . North Lake. This Specific Plan area is a commercial corridor that follows North Lake Avenue from the 210 freeway to just beyond Washington Boulevard. The corridor is surrounded by single-family neighborhoods, including Bungalow Heaven. . South Fair Oaks. The South Fair Oaks Specific Plan area is south of downtown Pasadena between South Pasadena Boulevard to the west and South Arroyo Parkway (SR-110) to the east. The area is dominated by industrial uses and Huntington Hospital. . West Gateway. This is a small specific plan area west of Old Town Pasadena that is surrounded by historic residential properties and is anchored by the Norton Simon Museum of Art and the Ambassador Auditorium.
. Lincoln Avenue. This specific plan is currently being processed and covers an area of approximately 50 acres along a 1.3 mile stretch of Lincoln Avenue. The existing land uses within the proposed specific plan area include single-family residential, multifamily residential, religious land uses, retail, auto service businesses, industrial, lodging, personal services, office, and schools. Some lots are currently vacant.
The remaining portions of the City are predominately single-family neighborhoods. Many of these neighborhoods, including Bungalow Heaven and Garfield Heights in the north–central portion of the City, are known for their historic homes from the early 20th century. Existing land uses in the City are shown on Figure 3, Adopted General Plan Land Use Diagram.
Unlike most of the City, which is dominated by urban development, the western portion of Pasadena is characterized by a sequence of open space areas, which are oriented to the Arroyo Seco waterway. From north to south, they include Hahamongna Watershed Park, Upper Arroyo Park, Arroyo Seco Park, and Brookside Park. Recreational and cultural amenities in the corridor include the Brookside Golf Course, Rose Bowl stadium, Kidspace Children’s Museum, and Rose Bowl Aquatics Center. As with the Arroyo Seco on the west side of the City, Eaton Wash in eastern Pasadena is a seasonal waterway that drains runoff from the San Gabriel Mountains to lower elevations in the City.
The City of Pasadena is surrounded by developed urban and suburban communities in the San Gabriel Valley: the cities of Sierra Madre and Arcadia to the east; San Marino and South Pasadena to the south; and La Canada-Flintridge, Glendale, and the Community of Highland Park in the City of Los Angeles to the west; and the Community of Altadena in unincorporated Los Angeles County to the north. Two northern extensions of the City of Pasadena into the San Gabriel Mountains are each bounded on three sides (east, north, and west) by the Angeles National Forest. Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 2
9. Description of the Project:
The proposed project is the adoption and implementation of an update to the City of Pasadena General Plan (referred to as “General Plan Update”) and specific plan amendments to update the development caps within each specific plan area. The proposed changes focus on the Land Use and Mobility Elements and Land Use Diagram. The update also includes the consolidation of optional elements (cultural and recreational, historic and cultural, public facilities, scenic highways, social development, and economic development) into required elements of the General Plan. The Land Use and Mobility Elements, together with the other General Plan elements, would guide the overall physical development and circulation of the entire City through horizon year 2035. Figure 4, Proposed General Plan Land Use Diagram, shows how land uses would be distributed with the proposed General Plan Update.
The General Plan Update will establish new development caps in the City and its specific plan areas, including: the Central District, South Fair Oaks, East Colorado, East Pasadena, North Lake, Fair Oaks/ Orange Grove, and West Gateway specific plans. The Land Use Element also recognizes Lincoln Avenue Specific Plan which is currently being processed by the City. Therefore, specific plan amendments will be processed concurrently with the General Plan Update. In addition to development caps, the proposed Land Use Element will change specific plan boundaries, as shown in Figure 5, Changes to Specific Plan Boundaries. The project would include a policy to sunset the West Gateway Specific Plan in the future and expand and/or modify the South Fair Oaks, Central District, East Colorado, and East Pasadena Specific Plan boundaries.
The proposed General Plan Update includes a new Guiding Principle and revisions to the other seven. The following is a list of proposed Principles:
1. Growth will be targeted to serve community needs and enhance the quality of life. Higher density development will be directed away from residential neighborhoods and into the Central District, Transit Villages, and Neighborhood Villages. These areas will have a diverse housing stock, job opportunities, exciting districts with commercial and recreational uses, and transit opportunities. New development will build upon Pasadena’s tradition of strong sense of place, great neighborhoods, gardens, plazas, parks, and trees. 2. Pasadena’s historic resources will be preserved. Citywide, new development will be in harmony with and enhance Pasadena’s unique character and sense of place. New construction that could affect the integrity of historic resources will be compatible with, and differentiated from, the existing resource. 3. Pasadena will be an economically vital city by providing jobs, services, revenues, and opportunities. A diverse economic base with jobs for Pasadena residents will be fostered; existing businesses will be encouraged to stay or expand; affordable housing will be provided for the labor pool; the continued fiscal health of the City will be ensured. 4. Pasadena will be a socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable community. Safe, well designed, accessible and human-scale residential and commercial areas will be provided where people of all ages can live, work and play. These areas will include neighborhood parks, urban open spaces and the equitable distribution of public and private recreational facilities; new public spaces will be acquired. Human services will be coordinated and made accessible to those who need them. 5. Pasadena will be a city where people can circulate without cars. Specific plans in targeted development areas will emphasize a mix of uses, pedestrian activity, and transit; public and private transit will be made more available; neighborhood villages and transit villages will reduce the need for auto use. 6. Pasadena will be a cultural, scientific, corporate, entertainment, and education center for the region. Long-term growth opportunities will be provided for existing institutions; a healthy economy will be fostered to attract new cultural, scientific, corporate, entertainment and educational institutions. 7. Community participation will be a permanent part of achieving a greater city. Citizens will be provided with timely and understandable information on planning issues and projects; citizens will directly participate in shaping plans and policies for the City’s future. Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 3 8. Pasadena is committed to public education and a diverse educational system responsive to the broad needs of the community.
Land Use Element
The proposed Land Use Element is a collection of objectives, policies, and implementation measures that are designed to create the vision of the community as codified in the General Plan Guiding Principles in both narrative and graphic terms and establishes development criteria and standards. It describes the allowed types, configurations, and locations of land uses including residential, commercial, mixed-use, industrial, open space, recreation, and public uses. The Element also describes intensity standards and a variety of goals and policies that help guide public and private land use actions. Four new policy topic areas are proposed to be incorporated into the Land Use Element:
• Sustainability, Open Space, and Conservation: Even though the term sustainability was not widely used when the General Plan was last updated, many sustainable policies were incorporated throughout the 2004 Land Use Element. Pasadena will continue to be a leader in sustainable development. Sustainability means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is further defined as balancing the three E’s: environment, economy, and equity. For example, a decision or action aimed at promoting economic development should not result in decreased environmental quality or social inequity. Sustainability policies will be incorporated into the updated plan in the areas of land use, building and site design, economic and social equity, conservation, and open space.
• Urban Design, Historic Preservation, and Arts/Culture: Since the last comprehensive General Plan Update, the City has adopted comprehensive and detailed design guidelines that apply to specific plan areas and to the City as a whole. The proposed update is the first opportunity to relate those guidelines to policy statements in the Land Use Element, including additional historic preservation policies, and to introduce new policies related to arts and culture. Policies incorporated into the plan relate to providing a sense of place, contextual design, architectural excellence, pedestrian orientation, historic preservation, and arts/culture.
• Economic Vitality: Economic vitality was an interest expressed by residents, business owners, and others throughout the community outreach process—to create policies related to the City’s economic future. It addresses the need to extend the benefits of a thriving economy to all Pasadena residents, particularly the underemployed and unemployed. Polices are aimed at topics such as supporting existing businesses, attracting new and complementary businesses, increasing visitors and tourism, and maximizing technology strengths and green businesses, among others.
• Education: The City recognizes the relationship between a strong educational system and a sustainable City. To address educational topics with greater specificity, this topic area will include policies to encourage the City to partner with public and private schools by sharing facilities, knowledge, and assistance; provides safe routes to and from school; actively participate in long-range planning for public and private schools; encourage clustering of uses to support educational institutions; and provide vocational training.
Mobility Element
The Mobility Element addresses the identification, location, and extent of existing and proposed major thoroughfares, transportation routes, trails, and multimodal transportation. Goals and objectives will address complete streets, a bicycle transportation plan, and short range transit plan. Mobility will address the linkage between land use polices in the Land Use Element and transportation. Policies will cover topic areas to ensure that streets reflect the neighborhood character and accommodate all users, create a bicycle-friendly community, pedestrian improvements, transit improvements, and mobility strategies for economic vitality. Three new mobility objectives are:
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 4
Create a supportive climate for economic viability • Mobility strategies to improve economic vitality
Enhance livability • Guidelines for greater equity, community health and safety
Encourage walking, biking, transit, and other alternatives to motor vehicles • Strategies to encourage non-auto travel • Protection of residential neighborhoods
Street Classification System The proposed Street Types Plan is intended to guide development of the City’s transportation network. As shown on Figure 6, Street Types Plan updates the traditional functional classification of roadways such as arterial, collector, and local streets and recognizes both how the street functions in the roadway network as well as to how the street relates to the land uses (context) adjacent to the street. The Street Types Plan expands on the Multi-Modal and De-Emphasized Street Classifications adopted through the 1994 General Plan Update, but it does not result in a change in capacity for any of the roadways. It considers the neighborhood character and accommodates all users and is guided by the following principles:
• Complete Streets: Streets should accommodate all users such as pedestrians, bicyclist, public transit, skateboarders and scooters. • Streets should reflect individual neighborhood character and needs, and support healthy activities such as walking and bicycling. • Consider classifying additional streets as “deemphasized” to manage vehicle speeds and volumes to provide a more comfortable environment for bicyclist and pedestrians. • Support neighborhood walk-to-school efforts.
Through the update of the General Plan Mobility Element Pasadena is addressing a mandate from the State of California to include Complete Street policies and guidelines to meet the mobility needs of all transportation network users. The Street Types Plan is the organizing framework around which street and sidewalk design guidelines are built that will make Pasadena more walkable and bike friendly in support of the City’s adopted sustainability goals. The street types system has two components:
• Function: The primary travel function of each street in terms of connectivity (regional, citywide, neighborhood, local) and accessibility needs.
• Modal Emphasis Overlays: Multi-modal factors that define those parts of the street network which require special consideration to provide the connectivity necessary for the transit, pedestrian and bicycle systems to serve the community.
Development Summary
The General Plan Update has a horizon year of 2035. The Land Use Element includes caps on net-new residential and non-residential development in its specific plan areas and sets a forecast for growth in areas outside the specific plans. The General Plan Update and specific plan amendments would allow for approximately 11,649 net-new housing units and approximately 8,025,000 net-new square feet of non- residential development, as shown in Table 1, below.
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 5 Table 1 Pasadena General Plan Development Caps Fair Oaks/ Central South Fair East East North Orange West Non–Specific District Oaks Colorado Pasadena Lake Grove Lincoln Gateway Plan Area2 Residential Dwelling Units Proposed Development 4,885 915 300 1,050 250 325 180 340 1,710 Cap Affordable 1 830 156 51 179 43 55 31 58 291 Housing Total Net- new 5,715 1,071 351 1,229 293 380 211 398 2,001 residential units Commercial Square Footage Proposed Development Cap 3,379,000 1,421,000 930,000 1,095,000 250,000 300,000 300,000 200,000 150,000 Net-New Non- Residential Development 3,379,000 1,421,000 930,000 1,095,000 250,000 300,000 300,000 200,000 150,000 1 The City's development cap does not apply to affordable housing units. To assess the environmental impact or a reasonable number of affordable units being built beyond the development caps, a factor of 17% was added to the development caps. The 17% was derived from reviewing the total number of affordable housing units constructed in Pasadena since the State's Density Bonus Law (SB1818) was in enacted in 2005. 2 The General Plan Land Use Element does not provide a cap on areas outside of specific plans. The number provided in this table will be studied for environmental review purposes.
Changes to the Transit Oriented Development Section of the Zoning Code
The project includes a citywide review of the Zoning Code provisions regulating transit oriented development, or TODs. Changes to the ordinance could include such issues as changing the minimum and maximum amount of parking, modifying the list of uses allowed in TODs, revising the thresholds for an entitlement, creating design standards for TODs, and modifying the boundaries of the TODs.
10. Other public agencies whose approval is required (e.g. permits, financing approval, or participation agreement): None.
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 6 Figure 1 Regional Location
La Cañada/ Flintridge 210
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Alhambra El Monte 101 10 Baldwin Park Rosemead
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Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 8 Figure 2 Aerial Photograph
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Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 10 Figure 3 Adopted General Plan Land Use Diagram
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E L D A F A V V Source: City of Pasadena 2009 E E Scale (Miles) Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 This page intentionally left blank.
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 12 Figure 4 Proposed General Plan Land Use Diagram
D
R Draft Land Use Diagram (Spring 2013) O A WAY C FLORECIT
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RD E WOODLAND G H D I IL L R C R E S T A B V ONI E TA DR Map created by: Scott Remiers & Vicrim Chima | Date: March 2013
U South Pasadena N Coordinate System: State Plane California Zone V, FIPS 405 (Feet) Datum: NAD 1983 N A M E D The maps and associated data are provided without warranty of any kind. HUNTIN S GTON CIR T HUNTINGTON GARDEN DR Any resale of this information is prohibited. Copyright © 2013, City of Pasadena.
OLD MILL RD www.CityofPasadena.net
PL S AT TA 0 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 S Miles O 0 1 Source: City of Pasadena 2009 Scale (Miles) Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 This page intentionally left blank.
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 14 Figure 5 Changes to Specific Plan Boundaries
Changes to Specific Plan Boundaries
A Legend R R Altadena
O G R I O (Los Angeles County) Y A City Boundary
S O R E M C O N Specific Plan T %&g( Miles
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Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 16 Figure 6 Street Types Map
AR R O YO
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Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 18 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED:
The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, with at least one impact that is a “Potentially Significant Impact,” as indicated in the checklists on the following pages.
Greenhouse Gas Aesthetics Public Services Emissions Hazards and Agricultural Resources Recreation Hazardous Materials Hydrology and Water Air Quality Transportation/Traffic Quality Utilities and Service Biological Resources Land Use and Planning Systems Mandatory Findings of Cultural Resources Mineral Resources Significance
Energy Noise Population and Geology and Soils Housing
DETERMINATION: (to be completed by the Lead Agency)
On the basis of this initial evaluation:
I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.
I find that, although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because the mitigation measures described on an attached sheet have been added to the project. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.
I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required. I find that the proposed project MAY have a “potentially significant impact” or “potentially significant unless mitigated” impact on the environment., but at least effect 1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards , and 2) has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed. I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required.
______Prepared By/Date Reviewed By/Date
______Printed Name Printed Name
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SECTION II - ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST FORM
1. BACKGROUND. Date checklist submitted: September 3, 2013 Department requiring checklist: Planning Department Case Manager: Scott Reimers, Planner
2. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS. (Explanations of all answers are required):
Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated
3. AESTHETICS. Would the project:
a. Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista?
WHY? The City of Pasadena affords a variety of views of scenic landscapes and built environments. The San Gabriel Mountains are visible to the north from much of the City. The San Rafael Hills are along the western City boundary, and the Verdugo Mountains are to the west. In addition, the Arroyo Seco corridor and Eaton Canyon traverse the western and eastern portions of the City, respectively. The City also offers scenic views of distinct architecture within the built environment, such as the Old Pasadena Historic District. Development in accordance with the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update would allow for development of undeveloped parcels and intensification of existing uses. Therefore, future development has the potential to significantly impact scenic vistas in Pasadena. The EIR will describe the existing visual setting, identify areas where potential landform alterations could occur, and evaluate their impacts to scenic vistas.
b. Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway?
WHY? The proposed General Plan Update would change some land use designations within Specific Plan areas in the City. State Route (SR-2) is a state scenic highway and traverses the northernmost leg of the City that extends along the border of the Angeles National Forest. This area is designated for open space on the City’s existing and proposed Land Use map and the General Plan Update would not result in any change or development in this area. As a result, the General Plan Update would not damage scenic resources visible from that highway.
A portion of the SR-110—from Colorado Boulevard in central Pasadena to US 101 in downtown Los Angeles—is designated a National Scenic Byway (USDOT 2011) and State Historic Parkway (Caltrans 2007). The Arroyo Seco Parkway connects Los Angeles and Pasadena through the historic Arts and Crafts landscape of the Arroyo Seco. Conceived in the parkway tradition with gentle curves, lush landscaping, and scenic vistas, the byway incorporated the modern elements that would lay the groundwork for the California freeway system. This portion of the SR-110 in Pasadena passes through two specific plan areas: South Fair
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Oaks Specific Plan and Central District Specific Plan. Orange Grove Boulevard, Linda Vista Avenue, and the 210 freeway are designated as L.A. County Recommended Scenic Highways (unofficial). In addition, the City’s Scenic Highways Element shows a route from Oak Knoll Avenue to Lake Avenue to California Boulevard to Sierra Madre Boulevard as a City Designated Scenic Corrior (unofficial).
The proposed General Plan Update would result in land use changes and intensification of development in its specific plan areas. However, these areas are currently built out, and the removal of significant trees, rock outcroppings, or any historic buildings would be inconsistent with this General Plan Update. The City has an extensive tree protection ordinance and adopted measures to protect public trees, landmark trees, native trees and specimen trees. Removal of landmark, native and specimen trees are prohibited unless specific procedures are followed and findings are made and approved by the City. In addition, the City’s Scenic Highways Element provides guidelines for the preparation of a local plan to protect scenic corridors. It provides the framework for designating scenic routes and implementing plans and programs that preserve scenic resources and enhanced the aesthetic character of designated corridors. Implementation of the General Plan Update would not substantially damage scenic resources along this byway; impacts are less than significant.
c. Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings?
WHY? The City is nearly fully developed with a mixture of residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial uses. The proposed General Plan Update would permit a net increase of up to 11,649 residential units and 8,025,000 square feet of nonresidential uses in the City. Buildout in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update would result in development of vacant land, intensification of existing land uses, and the introduction of new land uses on parcels throughout the City. The proposed General Plan Update contains policies protecting the character and environmental setting of existing neighborhoods and recognizing and protecting views of the San Gabriel Mountains, the Arroyo Seco, and other environmental settings as well as views of significant structures such as the City Hall Cupola. Policies are proposed to protect cultural landscapes; identify, document, and evaluate the significance of individual historic and cultural resources and districts; and prevent the deterioration or demolition of historic resources. However, the proposed General Plan Update would also create new or enhanced transit villages within walking distance of Gold Line stations and would create new or enhanced neighborhood villages around major intersections and other key areas. The proposed General Plan Update would also direct growth into the Central District, transit villages, and neighborhood villages. Thus, buildout in accordance with the General Plan Update would change the appearance of parts of the City. Therefore, the proposed General Plan Update has the potential to significantly impact the overall visual character of Pasadena and its surroundings. The EIR will describe the City’s visual setting, and evaluate their potential impacts to the City’s visual character and quality.
d. Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area?
WHY? Development in accordance with the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update would allow development of vacant land, intensification of existing land uses, and the introduction of new land uses on parcels throughout the City. Therefore, the proposed General Plan Update has the potential to introduce
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 22 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated new sources of light and glare that could adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area. The EIR will identify areas where new sources of light and glare would be developed and potential impacts to existing sensitive receptors.
4. AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES. In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Department of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state’s inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment project; and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the project:
a. Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use?
WHY? No farmland of any category is mapped within the City of Pasadena by the California Department of Conservation (CDC 2013). The General Plan Update would not convert mapped farmland to nonagricultural use. Therefore, implementation of the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update would not result in impacts to farmland. This topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
b. Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract?
WHY? The City of Pasadena has no land zoned for agricultural use. Commercial growing areas are permitted in the CG (General Commercial), CL (Limited Commercial), and IG (General Industrial) zones and conditionally in the RS (Residential Single-Family) and RM (Residential Multi-Family) designations. The use is also permitted within certain specific plan areas. The proposed General Plan Update would not change the list of allowed uses in the Zoning Code. Though commercial growing is permitted or conditionally permitted in certain zoning districts in the City, the City of Pasadena is largely built out with urban and suburban land uses, and the proposed General Plan Update does not envision and would not encourage the conversion of commercial growing uses. Therefore, the proposed General Plan Update would not conflict with existing zoning permitting commercial growing.
Under Williamson Act contracts, private landowners voluntarily restrict their land to agricultural land and compatible open space uses; in return, their land is taxed based on actual use rather than potential market value. There are no Williamson Act contracts in the City. This topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
c. Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 12220 (g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code Section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code Section 51104 (g))?
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WHY? There is no timberland or Timberland Production zone in the City of Pasadena; therefore, the proposed project would not result in the loss of forest land, timberland or Timberland Production areas. This topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
d. Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to a non-forest use?
WHY? There is no forest land in the City of Pasadena; therefore the proposed project would not result in the conversion or loss of forest land. This topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
e. Involve other changes in the existing environment, which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use?
WHY? There is no farmland in the City of Pasadena; therefore the proposed project would not result in the conversion of farmland to a nonagricultural use. This topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
5. AIR QUALITY. Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project:
a. Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan?
WHY? The City of Pasadena is in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) and is subject to the air quality management plan (AQMP) prepared by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). SCAMQD’s 2012 AQMP is based on regional growth forecasts for the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) region. Buildout pursuant to the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update would involve changes in land use intensity and additional traffic volumes throughout the City, resulting in an increase of air pollutant emissions. Therefore, the proposed General Plan Update could potentially result in significant impacts to air quality. The EIR will assess the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update’s consistency with the AQMP and identify mitigation measures as necessary.
b. Violate any air quality standard or contribute to an existing or projected air quality violation?
WHY? The City of Pasadena is in the SoCAB, which is designated nonattainment for ozone (O3), fine [1] inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse inhalable particulate matter (PM10), and lead (Los Angeles
[1] CARB approved the SCAQMD’s request to redesignate the SoCAB from serious nonattainment for PM10 to attainment for PM10 under the national AAQS on March 25, 2010 because the SoCAB has not violated federal 24-hour PM10 standards during the period from 2004 to 2007. However, the EPA has not yet approved this request.
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County only) under the California and National ambient air quality standards (AAQS) and nonattainment for nitrogen (NO2) under the California AAQS. Project-related air pollutant emissions are considered to have a significant effect on the environment if they result in concentrations that create either a violation of an ambient air quality standard or contribute considerably to an existing air quality violation. Because ambient air quality already exceeds existing standards, SCAQMD has established regional significance criteria to evaluate the degradation of local air quality in the SoCAB caused by individual projects. Construction activities related to implementation of the proposed General Plan Update buildout would have short-term impacts on air quality from fugitive dust generated by demolition and ground-disturbing activities, exhaust emissions from off-road and on-road equipment and vehicles, and off-gas emissions from application of paints and asphalt surfaces. Long-term air quality impacts are associated with the change in land uses in the City from an increase in stationary sources, mobile sources, and energy use. The proposed General Plan Update would result in net increases of up to 11,649 residential units and 8,025,000 square feet of nonresidential land uses; and would change some land use designations within the eight Specific Plan areas. An air quality analysis will be prepared to determine if the potential air pollutant emissions associated with the proposed General Plan Update exceed SCAQMD’s regional significance thresholds, and the findings will be discussed in the EIR.
c. Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors)?
WHY? Pasadena is located in the SoCAB, a nonattainment area for ozone, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and lead (Los Angeles County only). SCAQMD has significance thresholds for emissions that contribute to these nonattainment pollutants. As discussed under 5.b, implementation of the General Plan Update may produce air quality contaminants that exceed the SCAQMD’s significance thresholds. Regional air pollutant emissions generated by the existing and proposed land uses will be modeled and evaluated in the EIR.
d. Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations?
WHY? Sensitive receptors refer to locations where uses and or activities result in increased exposure of persons more sensitive to the unhealthful effects of emissions (such as residents, school children, the elderly, hospital patients, etc.). Sensitive land uses within the City include residences, schools, and hospitals. Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update may expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations by locating housing near major air pollutant sources, such as the three freeways (I-110, I-210, I-710) and industrial uses. The EIR will evaluate program-level environment impacts to sensitive receptors in relation to SCAQMD’s thresholds for localized impacts. Air quality compatibility will be evaluated based on the California Air Resources Board’s recommended buffer distances from major sources of air pollutants. Therefore, further evaluation of these issues will be studied in the EIR.
e. Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people?
WHY? Residential development and most commercial uses do not typically generate nuisance odors and therefore, there is minimal opportunity for any exposure. However, some industrial land uses, such as wastewater treatment plants, food processing, compost facilities, and other industrial processes, have the
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 25 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated potential to generate objectionable odors that could affect a substantial number of people. The EIR will evaluate potential sources of odor within the City and their potential to affect a substantial number of people.
6. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project:
a. Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
WHY? Most of the City is developed with urban and suburban land uses. Open space and other vacant land in Pasadena is present in the northern end of the City on the lower slopes of the San Gabriel Mountains; in the Arroyo Seco, such as Hahamonga Watershed Park in the northwest part of the City and Lower Arroyo Park; and in the San Rafael Hills along the west City boundary. Most of the vacant land in the Arroyo Seco and San Gabriel Mountains would be designated Open Space in the proposed General Plan Update; thus, buildout of the General Plan Update would not develop those areas with other land uses.
The only substantial area of currently vacant land in the City that is not designated for Open Space is within the San Rafael Hills in the northwest part of the City. While the future development within the City would be focused in the urban core and infill locations, buildout of the General Plan Update would allow for the development of single family homes on vacant lots within the Hillside District. Therefore, implementation of the General Plan Update may impact sensitive species through development of undeveloped parcels in these areas and indirect impacts due to increased human activity and new light sources. The EIR will update and evaluate the inventory of sensitive species, applicable regulatory requirements, and potential impacts of the General Plan Update on sensitive species and habitat.
b. Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, and regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
WHY? Sensitive natural communities are natural communities that are considered rare in the region by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), or local regulatory agencies; that are known to provide habitat for sensitive animal or plant species; or are known to be important wildlife corridors. Riparian habitats are along banks of rivers or streams. The City is in the Los Angeles, Pasadena, Condor Peak, and Mt. Wilson topographic quadrangles. Six sensitive natural communities—Southern Coast Live Oak Riparian Forest, Southern Sycamore Alder Riparian Woodland, Open Englemann Oak Woodland, Riversidian Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub, Southern California Arroyo Chub/Santa Ana Sucker Stream, and Southern Cottonwood Willow Riparian Forest—are documented in the four quadrangles (CDFW 2013). San Rafael Hills is upland habitat, but may contain some areas of riparian habitat. Land uses near San Rafael Hills are designated low density residential in the City’s adopted and proposed land use maps. Therefore, development could occur on vacant land adjacent to sensitive habitat. In addition, there are two streams in the City: Arroyo Seco and Eaton Wash. Riparian habitats are mapped along each of the two streams by the USFWS (USFWS 2013). Although these areas would remain designated Open Space, indirect impacts could result from buildout of the General Plan Update. The EIR will update the inventory of existing riparian habitat and sensitive natural communities within the City and evaluate potential impacts of the proposed General Plan Update.
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c. Have a substantial adverse effect of federally protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means?
WHY? Wetlands are defined under the federal Clean Water Act as land that is flooded or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that normally does support, a prevalence of vegetation adapted to life in saturated soils. Wetlands include areas such as swamps, marshes, and bogs. Wetlands are mapped in the City along the Arroyo Seco, Eaton Wash, and in the San Rafael Hills by the USFWS (2013). The Arroyo Seco and Eaton Wash would remain designated Open Space by the General Plan Update; wetlands in those areas would not be disturbed for development of other land uses. However, buildout of the General Plan Update may result in development near these sensitive resources resulting in direct or indirect impacts from increased human activity and light sources. The EIR will update the inventory of wetlands within the City and current regulatory requirements and evaluate potential impacts of the proposed General Plan Update.
d. Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?
WHY? The City is almost entirely developed and is mostly surrounded by developed urban uses. Areas of the City available for overland wildlife movement or migration include two extensions of the City north into the lower slopes of the San Gabriel Mountain: the Arroyo Seco and Eaton Wash. These areas would remain open space designations in the General Plan Update. The San Rafael Hills area also provides habitat linkage. However, this area is mostly built out with residential and institutional uses, and the area would maintain this semi-natural condition upon buildout of the proposed General Plan Update. Additionally, the General Plan Update would incorporate policies from the open space and conservation element adopted January 2012 into the Land Use Element. Policies include preserving and creating additional open space, preserving Eaton Canyon corridor and Arroyo Seco, and protecting important open space and habitat linkages.
The City contains numerous street trees and trees on private property that provide suitable nesting habitat for migratory birds. Development and redevelopment in accordance with the General Plan Update would involve removal and replacement of some trees. The proposed General Plan Update incorporates policies to protect, preserve, and enhance Pasadena’s trees on public and privately owned lands, and increase the tree canopy and native landscaping to support the health and diversity of wildlife. Intensification of development is focused within the City’s eight specific plan areas, which are required to comply with the City’s Master Street Tree Plan. Any deviation of the master plan requires that it be amended via a process that includes review and approval by the Urban Forestry Advisory Committee, the Design Commission, and City Council.
Projects undertaken in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update would also be required to comply with the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), which implements the United States’ commitment to four treaties with Canada, Japan, Mexico, and Russia for the protection of shared migratory bird resources. The MBTA governs the taking, killing, possession, transportation, and importation of migratory birds, their eggs, parts, and nests. The USFWS administers permits to take migratory birds in accordance with the MBTA. Adherence to the required MBTA regulations would ensure that if construction occurs during the breeding season, appropriate measures would be taken to avoid impacts to nesting birds.
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Because a program level EIR is being prepared and no specific construction projects that require removal of trees are proposed at this time, future development in accordance with the General Plan Update would be consistent with General Plan policies and the requirements of MBTA and would not impact on overland wildlife movement or migration. Therefore, impacts are less than significant and this topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
e. Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance?
WHY? Pasadena Municipal Code Chapter 8.52 protects both street trees and trees on private property; requirements of Chapter 8.52 are incorporated into Chapter 17.44 (Landscaping) in the City’s Zoning Code. Property owners wishing to remove protected trees or wishing to prune or remove landmark trees must obtain a permit from the City Manager or his/her designee. The City may require planting of replacement trees, payment of a fee, or some combination thereof, as conditions for permit approval. Pruning or removal of public trees is only permitted by City employees or contractors. Projects approved under the proposed General Plan Update would be required to comply with Chapter 17.44. General Plan Update implementation would not conflict with the tree protection ordinance of the City of Pasadena. This topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
f. Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP), Natural Community Conservation Plan (NCCP), or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan?
WHY? Currently, there is no adopted habitat conservation or natural community conservation plans within the City of Pasadena. There are also no approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plans. This topic will not be evaluated in the EIR.
7. CULTURAL RESOURCES. Would the project:
a. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.5?
WHY? A potentially significant impact occurs to a historic resource when a proposed project would result in physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that its integrity would be lost. There are a number of historic resources and districts in the City and in specific plan areas proposed for intensification. Existing designated historic resources in the City include 131 resources listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including 16 National Historic Districts (NPS 2013); one State Point of Historical Interest; two State Historic Landmarks (OHP 2013); numerous City-designated landmarks, memorials, and monuments (Pasadena 2013); 17 City-designated Landmark Districts (Pasadena 2009); and part of SR-110, the Pasadena Freeway, designated a National Scenic Byway (FHWA 2013). The proposed General Plan Update includes policies to evaluate and document the significance of individual historic and cultural resources and districts and includes provisions to deter the demolition of historically, architecturally, and culturally significant structures. However, new development or redevelopment may be located adjacent to a historic resource or within a historic district potentially resulting
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 28 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated in indirect impacts. A historic resources technical report will be prepared and the EIR will evaluate potential impacts of the proposed General Plan Update on sensitive historical resources and districts.
b. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to Section 15064.5?
WHY? A potentially significant impact would occur if a known or unknown archaeological resource were removed, altered, or destroyed as a result of the proposed development. The great majority of the City is developed with urban uses where ground has been previously disturbed by construction of those uses. Archaeological resources could still be present in soils that have been previously disturbed. A cultural resources report will be prepared for the proposed General Plan Update that will include requests for consultation with representatives of Native American tribes that could have knowledge of cultural resources in the City, pursuant to SB 18 and a Sacred Lands File search by the California Native American Heritage Commission. Methods and findings of the cultural resources survey will be discussed in the EIR. Impacts of General Plan implementation on archaeological resources will be identified, and mitigation measures will be identified, if necessary, to reduce impacts to the greatest extent feasible.
c. Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature?
WHY? A potentially significant impact would occur if excavation or construction activities in accordance with General Plan Update implementation would disturb existing paleontological or unique geological features in the City. Most of the City lies on the valley floor; the northwest part of the City extends north into the San Gabriel Mountains to an elevation of about 3,300 feet. The San Gabriel Mountains are part of the Transverse Ranges Geomorphic Province, a region of east–west trending steep mountain ranges and valleys. The Transverse Ranges are one of the fastest-rising regions in the world (Harden 2004); thus, the San Gabriel Mountains are a unique geological feature. There is a potential for significant vertebrate fossils in specific geologic formations in the City, according to assessments by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County and the San Bernardino County Museum (Pasadena 2004). Even though the great majority of the City is developed, there is some possibility that fossils are present in soil in the City and that ground disturbance by projects approved under the General Plan Update could damage such fossils. Impacts to fossils and to unique geological resources would be potentially significant. The cultural resources report for the General Plan Update will include a paleontological overview of the City by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Findings of the cultural resources survey will be discussed in the EIR. Impacts of General Plan implementation on paleontological resources will be identified, and mitigation measures will be identified, if necessary, to reduce impacts to the greatest extent feasible.
d. Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal ceremonies?
WHY? There are no known human remains and no formal cemeteries in the City. In addition, ground has been disturbed in the great majority of the City by construction of existing land uses. Thus, discovery of human remains is unlikely during construction due to General Plan Update implementation. In the event that human remains are encountered during construction, State Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 requires the project to halt until the county coroner has made the necessary findings as to the origin and disposition of the remains in accordance with Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. If the remains are
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 29 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated determined to be Native American, the coroner must contact the California Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC). Public Resources Code Section 5097 specifies the procedures to be followed in case of the discovery of human remains on nonfederal land. The disposition of Native American burials falls within the jurisdiction of the NAHC. General Plan Update implementation is required to comply with provisions of state law regarding discovery of human remains, and implementation of the General Plan Update would not result in significant impacts due to disturbing human remains.
8. ENERGY. Would the proposal:
a. Conflict with adopted energy conservation plans?
WHY? All new development constructed under the General Plan Update is required to comply with the energy standards in the California Energy Code, Part 6 of the California Building Standards Code (Title 24), the City’s Green Action Plan, and the Open Space and Conservation Element of the General Plan.
The City of Pasadena’s Department of Water and Power (PWP) provides electrical energy service to the City. In 2010, the City used approximately 1,419 Gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity. On average, electricity use has been 1,465 GWh per year over the last 10 years. Electrical energy is generated by a variety of sources in the City, including coal (62 percent), remote renewable energy sources (10 percent), remote closed cycle gas (7 percent), local peakers gas (7 percent), nuclear (5 percent), market purchased (5 percent), and hydro (4 percent) (Pasadena 2009).
The project site lies entirely within the natural gas service territory of the Southern California Gas Company (SCGC). The SCGC serves more than 530 cities, including the City of Pasadena, encompassing approximately 23,000 square miles of southern and central California. The availability of natural gas service is based upon present gas supply and regulatory policies. SCGC projects total consumption of natural gas in its service area to be 7,422 million therms in 2011, and forecasts consumption to increase to 7,829 million therms by 2020 (CEC 2009). SCGC has existing gas facilities in the project area that service the project area.
Preferred Resources Plan
The City updated its Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) in 2012 to assess the costs and environmental performance to meet and exceed the new statewide 33% Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS). Through Executive Order S-21-09, California’s RPS mandate requires electric utilities and suppliers to purchase 33% of their electricity from renewable sources by 2020 for publically owned municipal utilities and electric cooperatives. In response, the 2012 IRP updated several key planning objectives of its 2009 Preferred Resources Plan: reliability, cost, and environmental compliance and stewardship.
The Preferred Resource Plan has goals to reduce the amount of energy sourced from coal, to increase local gas-fired generation, to improve energy efficiency and load management, and to increase renewable energy use. The main design elements include:
• Reducing coal power purchases from a Utah plant by at least 35 MW by 2016 • Replacing old technology at the City’s plant on Glenarm Street with a more efficient and reliable natural gas combined cycle plant • Implementing aggressive energy efficiency and load reduction programs • Increasing the proportion of green power in PWP’s mix to 40 percent by 2020 • Achieving 19 MW of locally-owned solar photovoltaic power by 2024
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• Purchasing 10 MW of renewable power from “feed-in” sources within Pasadena (e.g. private solar installations) • Cutting carbon dioxide emissions by 40 percent by 2020
Energy Usage
Buildout of the proposed General Plan Update would result in greater intensification and new development. However, new development and redevelopment in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update would be designed to comply with the performance levels of the City’s Green Building Standards Code (14.04.504), the City’s Green Action Plan, and the Open Space and Conservation Element of the adopted General Plan, which would reduce energy consumption compared to the existing buildings on site. All new buildings would be required to achieve at least a 15 percent increase in energy efficiency compared to the 2008 Building and Energy Efficiency Standards. Nonresidential development that consists of 25,000 square feet of new development or tenant improvements would be subject to the mandatory Tier 1 CALGreen standards, and nonresidential development over 50,000 square feet would be subject to the mandatory Tier 2 CALGreen standards of Pasadena’s Green Building Standards Code. Compliance with the code results in a 15 to 30 percent increase in building energy efficiency compared to the 2008 Building and Energy Efficiency Standards (City of Pasadena Municipal Code, Section 14.04.540). In addition, nonresidential projects over 25,000 square feet are required to comply with prerequisite and elective measures to achieve an equivalent 40 to 50 Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) points. Therefore, future development in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update would comply with adopted energy conservation plans and impacts are less than significant.
b. Use non-renewable resources in a wasteful and inefficient manner?
WHY? The proposed General Plan Update would accommodate up to 8,025,000 additional square feet of nonresidential land uses and 11,649 additional housing units; implementation of the General Plan Update would thus alter the consumption of energy and natural resource use. Construction activities would also use energy and resources. However, future development would be consistent with the City’s Green Building Standards Code, Green City Action Plan, and adopted General Plan Conservation and Open Space Element.
The City of Pasadena has adopted an amended 2010 California Green Building Standards Code (CAL Green) (City of Pasadena Municipal Code, Chapter 14.04, Green Building Standards Code, Section 14.04.504). The adoption of the code promotes energy conservation by mandating certain building requirements that are currently voluntary under CALGreen requirements. In addition, The City developed an Action Plan (2006) to create a more sustainable City capable of meeting growing demand and reducing impacts to natural resources. The City’s Green City Action Plan goals are applicable on a City-level. Goals related to Energy include:
• Action 1: Increase the use of renewable energy to meet 10 percent of the City’s peak electric load within seven years. • Action 2: Reduce the City’s peak electric load by 10 percent within seven years through energy efficiency, shifting the timing of energy demands and conservation measures. • Action 3: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25 percent by 2030, and include a system for accounting and auditing these emissions. • Action 4: Achieve zero waste to landfills and incinerators by 2040. • Action 5: Reduce the use of disposable, toxic, or non-renewable product category by at least 50 percent in seven years.
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• Action 6: Implement “user-friendly” recycling and composting programs, with the goal of reducing by 25% per capita solid waste disposal to landfill and incineration in seven years.
The Open Space and Conservation Element of the adopted General Plan, adopted in 2012, has goals and policies to increase energy conservation and the use of renewable energy sources.
Since new development would be concentrated in developed urban areas it would tie into the existing infrastructure from mains, lines, and substations in the area. New development and redevelopment would be required to comply with the requirements of the City’s Green Building Standards, which result in a 15 to 30 percent increase in building energy efficiency compared to the 2008 Building and Energy Efficiency Standards. Consistency of the above programs and regulatory requirements would ensure that future development under the proposed General Plan Update would not use non-renewable resources in a wasteful and inefficient manner. Impacts are considered less than significant.
9. GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project:
a. Expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving:
i. Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42?
WHY? The Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act (California Public Resources Code Sections 2621 et seq.) was passed to prevent construction of buildings used for human occupancy on the surface of active faults, in order to minimize the hazard of surface rupture of a fault to people and buildings. Before cities and counties can permit development within Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zones, geologic investigations are required to show that the sites are not threatened by surface rupture from future earthquakes. A fault is considered an active fault if it has had surface displacement within the last 11,000 years. One Alquist-Priolo earthquake fault zone passes through the City, along the Raymond Fault, in two places in the City near the south City boundary (CGS 1977a; CGS 1977b). In addition, as shown in the Safety Element of the City’s adopted General Plan, two active faults and one possible active fault are mapped in the City: an active strand of the Sierra Madre Fault passes through the northwest part of the City north of Devil’s Gate Reservoir; the Raymond Fault passes through the southernmost part of the City; and a possibly active strand of the Sierra Madre Fault passes through the north-central and northwestern parts of the City near and north of Washington Boulevard (ECI 2002). Surface rupture of an active fault could occur in the lifetimes of buildings developed pursuant to the General Plan Update.
Future development pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update would be consistent with the City’s adopted Safety Element (2002), which contains goals and policies to protect residents from geologic and seismic hazards. For example, Policy S-1 states that the City will monitor development and redevelopment within the Fault Hazard Management Zones identified for both the Sierra Madre and Raymond faults.
Any future development projects pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update would be required to comply with all applicable Building and Safety division requirements. Further, the City’s Building Code (Pasadena Municipal Code, Title 14) requires future development to submit an engineering geology report and soils engineering report to identify and mitigate geology conditions and hazards. Compliance with the CBC and City Building Code would ensure impacts would be less than significant. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
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ii. Strong seismic ground shaking?
WHY? There are several known active faults in the region, including the Sierra Madre and Raymond Faults mentioned above, as well as the San Fernando Fault about 10.5 miles to the northwest and the Whittier Fault 15.5 miles to the southeast (CGS 2011). Any major earthquake along these systems will cause seismic ground shaking in Pasadena. Much of the City is on sandy, stony, or gravelly loam formed on the alluvial fan adjacent to the San Gabriel Mountains. This soil is more porous and loosely compacted than bedrock, and thus subject to greater impacts from seismic ground shaking than bedrock.
Development under the proposed General Plan Update would expose new structures and residents in Pasadena to seismic ground shaking. Future development would be designed and built in compliance with the California Building Code (CBC). The CBC currently in effect is the 2010 CBC; the 2013 CBC is scheduled to take effect January 1, 2014, and is expected to be the CBC in effect when the proposed General Plan Update is considered for approval by the Pasadena City Council. The CBC contains provisions for earthquake safety based on factors including occupancy type, the types of soil and rock onsite, and the strength of ground motion with specified probability of occurring at the site or in the area. Compliance with the CBC and City Building Code would ensure impacts would be less than significant. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
iii. Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction as delineated on the most recent Seismic Hazards Zones Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of known areas of liquefaction?
WHY? There are zones of required investigation for liquefaction in the western and northwestern parts of the City near the Arroyo Seco; near the southwest corner of the City in the San Rafael Hills; and in the northeastern part of the City near Eaton Canyon and Hastings Canyon, as mapped in the City of Pasadena 2002 adopted General Plan Safety Element (ECI 2002). Each project developed pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update would be required to have a site-specific geotechnical investigation conducted. The geotechnical investigations for each respective project would evaluate liquefaction potential at the affected project sites and provide any needed recommendations for minimizing hazards from liquefaction and from other seismic ground failure. In addition, development must also comply with seismic safety regulations in the CBC and City of Pasadena Building Code. Compliance with the CBC and City Building Code would ensure impacts would be less than significant. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
iv. Landslides as delineated on the most recent Seismic Hazards Zones Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of known areas of landslides?
WHY? Zones of required investigation for earthquake-induced landslides occur in the San Gabriel Mountains near the north City boundary and near the west City boundary in the San Rafael Hills, as mapped in the City of Pasadena 2002 adopted General Plan Safety Element (ECI 2002). Each project developed pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update would be required to have a site-specific
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 33 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated geotechnical investigation conducted. The geotechnical investigation for each such project on a site within a zone of required investigation for earthquake-induced landslides would be required to evaluate the potential for such landslides onsite provide any needed recommendations for minimizing hazards. Each project must also comply with seismic safety regulations and requirements regarding slope stability in the CBC and City of Pasadena Building Code. Compliance with the CBC and City Building Code would ensure impacts would be less than significant. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
b. Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil?
WHY? The natural water erosion potential of soils in Pasadena is low, unless these soils are disturbed during the wet season. Both the Ramona and Hanford soils associations, which underlie much of the City, have high permeability, low surface runoff, and slight erosion hazard due to the gravelly surface layer and low topographic relief away from the steeper foothill areas of the San Gabriel Mountains. Soils on steeper slopes are more susceptible to erosion, such as in the San Gabriel Mountains in the north end of the City and the San Rafael Hills near the west City boundary. Erosion can be dramatically accelerated by soil disturbance and soil exposure by construction activities if effective soil erosion measures are not used.
Water erosion during construction of projects developed in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update would be minimized by limiting construction to dry weather, covering exposed excavated dirt during periods of rain, and protecting excavated areas from flooding with temporary berms. Soil erosion after construction would be controlled by implementation of approved landscape and irrigation plans. The City of Pasadena requires, as a standard condition of approval, that these plans be submitted to the Zoning Administrator and Design staff for review and approval prior to the issuance of building permits for each project. Compliance with this requirements would ensure impacts are less than significant.
Future construction may temporarily expose the soil to wind and/or water erosion. Erosion caused by strong wind, excavation and earth moving operations would be minimized by watering during construction and by covering earth to be transported in trucks to or from the site; these requirements are part of the Los Angeles County Stormwater Program, in which the City of Pasadena is a member agency. Therefore, the project will not result in significant impacts related to a loss of topsoil or erosion.
Any project which involves more than 250 cubic yards of cut or fill grading shall have an erosion and sediment transport control plan as part of the applicant's grading plan, as a standard condition of approval by the City of Pasadena. The grading plan must be approved by the Building Official and the Public Works Department prior to the issuance of any building permits. Impacts are less than significant. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
c. Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse?
WHY? There are known areas in Pasadena with unstable soils that could result in on- or offsite landslides, lateral spreading, liquefaction, or collapse. Development under the proposed General Plan Update may occur on soil that is unstable due to these factors and may result in significant impacts. Development proposing structures for human occupancy would be required to have a geotechnical investigation conducted per CBC Section 1802 and the City’s Building Code. The geotechnical investigation would include site-specific assessment of hazards from subsidence and collapsible soils. Each project would be
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 34 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated required to comply with recommendations in the geotechnical investigation report for that project ensuring that impacts are less than significant. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
The major cause of ground subsidence is withdrawal of groundwater. No significant regional subsidence as a result of either groundwater pumping or oil extraction has been reported in the Pasadena area. However, the thick alluvial deposits underlying the City may be susceptible to subsidence should rapid groundwater withdrawal occur beneath this portion of the Raymond Groundwater Basin in response to an increasing population. (ECI 2002). Groundwater levels in the Raymond Basin are managed by the Raymond Basin Management Board so that groundwater extraction does not exceed water volume replenished in the Raymond Basin by natural and intentional recharge (RBMB 2011). Therefore, it is unlikely that ground subsidence would become a substantial hazard during the General Plan Update period (2015–2035). This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
d. Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property?
WHY? Most of the City of Pasadena is underlain by alluvial soils composed primarily of granular soils (silty sand, sand, and gravel). Such soils typically have low to moderately low expansion potentials. Soils with somewhat more clay content, and thus somewhat higher expansion potential, may be found in the southern part of the City and in the San Rafael Hills south of Colorado Boulevard (ECI 2002c). Expansive soils may be present within Pasadena, and development may be proposed and/or located on expansive soils. However, projects built in accordance with the General Plan Update would be required to comply with applicable Building and Safety regulations and the CBC. The geotechnical investigation would be prepared and include site-specific assessment of hazards from the potential for expansive soils. Each project would be required to comply with recommendations in the geotechnical investigation report for that project There would be no significant risks to life or property due to expansive soils. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
e. Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater?
WHY? There are existing sewers serving the entire urbanized portions of the City of Pasadena. Projects developed in accordance with the General Plan Update would include sewer laterals and would not rely on septic tanks or other alternative wastewater disposal systems. No impact would occur.
10. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. Would the project:
a. Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment?
WHY? Buildout of the proposed General Plan Update would involve changes in land use intensity and additional traffic volumes throughout the City, resulting in an increase in the generation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The EIR will evaluate the existing GHG emissions inventory compared to emissions generated by buildout of the proposed General Plan Update. GHG emissions associated with future
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 35 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated transportation sources will be quantified using the CalEEMod computer model based on data obtained from the traffic report. In addition, the analysis will also quantify GHG emissions from future nonindustrial stationary sources and energy use based on an estimate of energy demand using energy use factors and GHG emission rates available from the US Department of Energy for existing and buildout land uses. A community-wide GHG analysis will be prepared as part of the EIR to determine the General Plan Update’s cumulative contribution to GHG emissions impacts.
b. Conflict with any applicable plan, policy or regulation of an agency adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases?
WHY? The California Air Resources Board’s (CARB) Scoping Plan is California’s GHG reduction strategy to achieve the state’s GHG emissions reduction target established by Assembly Bill (AB) 32, which is 1990 levels by year 2020. Statewide strategies to reduce GHG emissions, including the Low Carbon Fuel Standard, California Appliance Energy Efficiency regulations, California Renewable Energy Portfolio standard, changes in the corporate average fuel economy standards, and other early action measures, would ensure the state is on target to achieve the GHG emissions reduction goals of AB 32. The City of Pasadena has adopted the California Green Building Code as Section 14.05.500 of the City’s Municipal Code, which includes construction and operation standards that must be met by new development to reduce environmental impacts, including GHG emissions. Buildout of the proposed General Plan Update would generate a net increase of GHG emissions from construction and operational activities within the City. Because GHG emissions generated by the project may be substantial, the proposed project may conflict with GHG reduction targets of CARB’s Scoping Plan and impacts would be potentially significant. Impacts will be addressed in the EIR.
11. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. Would the project:
a. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use or disposal of hazardous materials?
WHY? Pasadena has industrial uses and businesses that may manufacture, transport, store, use, and dispose of hazardous materials and waste. The transport of hazardous materials along the I-710, I-210, SR- 110, and the City’s local roadways creates potential risks for spills or leaks from mobile sources. The alteration of land uses may also contribute to public exposure and environmental hazards during transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials. Transport, use, and disposal of hazardous materials must comply with local, state, and federal hazardous materials regulations. The City’s adopted Safety Element contains policies to protect the public from potential hazards. Regardless, the EIR will evaluate impacts of the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update relative to hazardous materials.
b. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment?
WHY? A search of environmental databases will be conducted for listings of any hazardous materials sites and hazardous waste sites in or near the City. Findings of the database search will be discussed in the EIR. Any known hazardous materials that have been released in or near the City—and thus could be disturbed
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 36 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated by ground-disturbing activities of projects developed under the proposed General Plan Update—will be identified in the EIR. Some projects developed in compliance with the proposed General Plan Update would involve industrial and/or commercial land uses that could use substantial amounts of hazardous materials. Use of hazardous materials by such projects would be required to comply with existing regulations of several agencies.
Within the City, uses and activities that involve hazardous materials would have a potential for leaks and accidental spills. Although hazardous material use must comply with local, state, and federal hazardous materials regulations, land use changes under the proposed General Plan Update may result in significant impacts related to hazardous materials. The EIR will evaluate impacts of the proposed General Plan Update relative to hazardous materials and identify mitigation measures as necessary.
c. Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school?
WHY? The Pasadena Unified School District (PUSD) operates 16 elementary schools, 3 middle schools, and 3 high schools. The PUSD provides education to the City of Pasadena, the Community of Altadena in unincorporated Los Angeles County next to the north boundary of the City of Pasadena, and to the City of Sierra Madre next to the east boundary of the City of Pasadena. Thus, some PUSD schools are outside of the City of Pasadena. There are also several charter schools and private or parochial schools in Pasadena. Development in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update would allow development of vacant land, intensification of existing land uses, and the introduction of new land uses on parcels throughout the City. These land use changes may result in significant impacts related to the emission or handling of hazardous materials near schools. The EIR will evaluate impacts of the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update relative to siting sensitive uses near sites that use, store, or generate hazardous materials.
d. Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment?
WHY? Development in accordance with the General Plan Update may place sensitive land uses on or near listed hazardous materials sites. The EIR will evaluate if listed hazardous materials sites, compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5, are within the City. The EIR will also evaluate the redistribution and/or alteration of land uses and the potential to site sensitive uses near hazardous waste sites, if any are present.
e. For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area?
WHY? The nearest public use airports are El Monte Airport in the City of El Monte, 4 miles to the southeast, and Bob Hope Airport in Burbank, 9.2 miles to the west of the northwest City boundary and operated by a Joint Powers Authority with representatives from the Cities of Burbank, Glendale, and Pasadena. No portion
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f. For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area?
WHY? There are two heliports in Pasadena and one immediately adjacent to the City:
• The Pasadena Police heliport near the Washington Boulevard overcrossing of the Arroyo Seco near the west City boundary and at the Police Department located at 245 South Ramona Street. • The Huntington Memorial Hospital Heliport southeast of the intersection of Pasadena Avenue and California Boulevard in the southwest part of the City. • The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)/Caltech heliport on Mesa Road in the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is in the City of La Canada/Flintridge near the northwest boundary of the City of Pasadena (Airnav 2013).
These heliports are private facilities not open for public use. Over congested areas, helicopters must maintain an altitude of at least 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle within 2,000 feet of the aircraft, except as needed for takeoff and landing (Code of Federal Regulations Title 14 Section 91.119). The Federal Aviation Administration does not regulate heights of structures near private heliports. Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would intensify development within areas that are already built out. In addition, the proposed General Plan Update would not allow the development of buildings with increased height that would affect flight patterns or pose a safety hazard. Therefore, General Plan Update implementation would not result in a safety hazard for people residing or working near a private airstrip or heliport.
g. Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
WHY? The City of Pasadena maintains a citywide emergency response plan, which goes into effect at the onset of a major disaster such as a major earthquake. The Fire Department maintains the disaster plan. In case of a disaster, the Fire Department is responsible for implementing the plan, and the Pasadena Police Department devises evacuation routes based on the specific circumstance of the emergency.
The City has preplanned evacuation routes for dam inundation areas associated with Devil's Gate Dam, Eaton Wash, and the Jones Reservoir. The proposed General Plan Update would change land use designations in eight specific plan areas. Part of the west edge of the West Gateway Specific Plan area is in the inundation area for Devil’s Gate Dam; and part of the East Pasadena Specific Plan area is in the inundation area for Eaton Wash.
Emergency preparedness and evacuation routes may be altered or affected by development under the proposed General Plan Update, potentially resulting in significant impacts. Emergency response and evacuation plans will be evaluated in the EIR.
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h. Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands?
WHY? Much of the western part of the City—in the San Gabriel Mountains, San Rafael Hills, and Arroyo Seco area—is in Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones (VHFHSZs) designated by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Prevention (CAL FIRE 2011). Most of the VHFHSZs in the City are local responsibility areas where the City is responsible for the cost of wildland fire protection. Several small areas next to the northern City boundary are in state responsibility areas, and the state is responsible for the cost of wildland fire protection. The proposed General Plan Update would change land use and intensify development within eight specific plan areas. Part of the west edge of the West Gateway Specific Plan area abuts a VHFHSZ in the Arroyo Seco area. Wildland fire hazards would be potentially significant. The EIR will address potential impacts from wildland fires to urbanized and residential uses within the City.
12. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the project:
a. Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements?
WHY?
Operational Impacts
Section 303 of the federal Clean Water Act requires states to develop water quality standards to protect the beneficial uses of receiving waters. In accordance with California’s Porter/Cologne Act, the Regional Water Quality Control Boards (RWQCBs) of the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) are required to develop water quality objectives that ensure their region meets the requirements of Section 303 of the Clean Water Act.
The City of Pasadena is within the greater Los Angeles River watershed, and thus, within the jurisdiction of the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board (LARWQCB). Requirements for avoiding or minimizing stormwater pollution from operation of development projects are in the LARWQCB’s Order No. 01-182, Waste Discharge Requirements for Municipal Storm Water and Urban Runoff Discharges in the County of Los Angeles (“MS4 Permit”), most recently amended on April 14, 2011. The City of Pasadena is a co-permittee on the MS4 Permit. MS4 permit requirements are in accordance with National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) regulations authorized by Section 402 of the Clean Water Act. All new developments must comply with the MS4 Permit. The City of Pasadena has adopted a Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) ordinance (Municipal Code Chapter 8.70) to ensure new developments comply with the MS4 Permit. This ordinance requires most new developments to submit a plan to the City that demonstrates how the project will comply with the City’s SUSMP. The SUSMP requires projects to implement best management practices (BMPs) during project design and project operation to avoid or minimize pollution of stormwater. Buildout of the proposed General Plan Update would allow up to 11,649 residential units and 8,025,000 square feet of nonresidential uses. Long-term operation associated with buildout of the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update has the potential to discharge sediment and pollutants to storm drains. Development per the proposed General Plan Update may affect the City’s compliance with water quality requirements. The EIR will discuss water quality standards and water discharge requirements relative to the proposed project
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Construction Impacts
Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update could result in pollution of stormwater from construction activities. Construction projects over one acre would be required demonstrate compliance with the Construction General Permit, Order No. 2012-0006-DWQ, issued by the State Water Resources Control Board in 2012. Compliance with the Construction General Permit involves preparing and implementing a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) specifying BMPs that the project would use to avoid or reduce stormwater pollution. BMPs that would be used by projects developed in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update will be discussed in the EIR.
b. Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)?
WHY? Most of the City is located above the Monk Hill and Pasadena Subbasins of the Raymond Groundwater Basin, which underlies part of the northwest San Gabriel Valley. The northernmost parts of the City in the San Gabriel Mountains and the west end of the City in the San Rafael Hills are not above a groundwater basin. Since the great majority of the City is developed, implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would not substantially increase impervious surfaces and thus would not substantially interfere with groundwater recharge. There are two sets of spreading grounds in the City: one in the Arroyo Seco and one in Eaton Canyon (RBMB 2011). The spreading grounds are needed for maintenance of municipal water supply, and the proposed General Plan Update would not result in land use changes or development within these spreading grounds. However, the General Plan Updated would intensify development resulting in an increased water demand. Development and redevelopment in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update also has the potential to increase impervious surfaces resulting in a change in groundwater recharged. The EIR will evaluate impacts of the proposed project to groundwater supply and recharge.
c. Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, in a manner, which would result in substantial erosion or siltation on-or off-site?
WHY? The existing drainage pattern in the City is generally downgrade southward. The two major drainage courses in the City are the Arroyo Seco in the west part of the City and Eaton Wash in the east part of the City. Networks of county and City storm drains also provide drainage in the City. Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would not change the overall drainage pattern in the City; drainage would enter Arroyo Seco, Eaton Wash, and County and City storm drainage networks. The great majority of the City is currently developed and does not generate substantial sediment. Areas of the City that generate more sediment, including the San Gabriel Mountains, are outside of specific plan areas where the majority of intensification of development would occur. Nonetheless, the proposed General Plan Update could result in changes in sediment generated from undeveloped areas of the City. Construction projects consistent with the proposed General Plan Update would be required to implement BMPs for avoiding or reducing water quality impacts from construction, including erosion. BMPs will be discussed in the water quality section of the EIR.
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d. Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner, which would result in flooding on- or off-site?
WHY? The City of Pasadena contains two streams: the Arroyo Seco and Eaton Creek. General Plan Update implementation would not change the course of either stream. The City of Pasadena’s Standard Urban Stormwater Management Plan (SUSMP) requires that projects limit postconstruction runoff rates from the project sites to no greater than preproject rates. The SUSMP was developed by the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works in 2002, in accordance with Order No. 01-182 (MS4 Permit), which was last amended by the LARWQCB in 2011. However, buildout in accordance with the proposed update of the Pasadena General Plan would alter the existing land uses within the City. Even though development per the proposed General Plan Update would not result in changes to existing drainage patterns and watercourses, increased urbanization may increase the amount of runoff from impervious surfaces and result in flooding. The EIR will evaluate potential impacts to drainage and surface runoff.
e. Create or contribute runoff water, which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff?
WHY? Development in accordance with the General Plan Update would involve alteration and redistribution of land uses in the City, specifically allowing intensification of development within eight specific plan areas. Increased urbanization may increase the amount of runoff and discharge of sediments and pollutants to stormwater drainage systems. The EIR will evaluate potential impacts to stormwater systems and water quality.
f. Otherwise substantially degrade water quality?
WHY? Development under the General Plan Update would involve alteration of land use designations and intensification of land uses on parcels located throughout the City. Current and future uses may result in discharge of sediment and pollutants to existing stream courses, potentially resulting in significant impacts to water quality. The EIR will evaluate impacts to water quality.
g. Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or dam inundation area as shown in the City of Pasadena adopted Safety Element of the General Plan or other flood or inundation delineation map?
WHY? There are no 100-year flood zones, as designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), in the City of Pasadena. The dam inundation area for Devil’s Gate Reservoir extends south from the reservoir along the Arroyo Seco in the west part of the City, and is about 2,000 feet wide at its widest point. The dam inundation area for Eaton Wash Reservoir extends south and southeast from the reservoir to the I-210, which is elevated where it passes south of Eaton Wash Reservoir; the inundation area is about
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0.7 mile wide along the I-210. Part of the west edge of the West Gateway Specific Plan area is in the inundation area for Devil’s Gate Dam; and part of the East Pasadena Specific Plan area is in the dam inundation area for Eaton Wash. Proposed land use designations in portions of the two aforementioned specific plan areas, relative to dam inundation hazard, will be discussed in the EIR.
h. Place within a 100-year flood hazard area structures, which would impede or redirect flood flows?
WHY? See response (g) above. No portions of the City of Pasadena are within a 100-year floodplain identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). As shown on FEMA map Community Number 065050, the entire City is in Zone D, for which no floodplain management regulations are required. Therefore, the proposed project would not place structures within the flow of a 100-year flood, and the project would have no related impacts.
i. Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam?
WHY? Impacts of the proposed General Plan Update buildout regarding potential dam inundation from Devil’s Gate Reservoir or Eaton Wash Reservoir will be discussed in the EIR.
j. Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow?
WHY? A tsunami is a series of ocean waves usually caused by a sudden displacement of the ocean floor, most often due to earthquakes. Elevations in the City range from about 560 feet on the south City boundary in the San Gabriel Valley, to 3,400 feet in the San Gabriel Mountains at the northwest corner of the City, and the City is 25 miles inland from the Pacific Ocean; therefore, the City is not at risk of flooding due to tsunamis.
A mudflow is a landslide composed of saturated rock debris and soil with a consistency of wet cement. Isolated areas at the base of the San Rafael Hills and near the base of the San Gabriel Mountains could be impacted by debris flows or mudflows triggered by an unusually strong storm. Although the General Plan Update focuses new development within urbanized areas of the City, buildout may allow for new development in isolated parcels near these areas. The EIR will evaluate the potential for inundations in Pasadena by mudflow.
A seiche is a surface wave created when an inland water body is shaken, usually by an earthquake. There are no major locations of standing water in the City that would likely be impacted by seiche. There are no potential impacts related to seiche.
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13. LAND USE AND PLANNING. Would the project:
a. Physically divide an existing community?
WHY? Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would involve development of vacant land, intensification of existing land uses, and the introduction of new land uses on parcels throughout the City. Land use changes proposed within the specific plan areas are intended to tie into the existing uses and surrounding neighborhoods. Development would occur within existing urban areas and infill sites, which is not expected to divide an established community. Impacts are less than significant.
b. Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to the general plan, specific plan, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect?
WHY? The proposed General Plan Update would update the City’s adopted General Plan. The EIR will evaluate the consistency of the proposed General Plan Update with other land use plans, policies, and/or regulations governing Pasadena.
c. Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan (HCP) or natural community conservation plan (NCCP)?
WHY? Currently, there are no adopted habitat conservation or natural community conservation plans within the City of Pasadena. There are also no approved local, regional or state habitat conservation plans. The proposed General Plan Update would not conflict with any HCP or NCCP.
14. MINERAL RESOURCES. Would the project:
a. Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state?
WHY? No active mining operations exist in the City of Pasadena. There are two areas in Pasadena that may contain mineral resources; each area is designated a Mineral Resource Sector by the California Geological Survey. Eaton Wash (Sector F, 46 acres) was formerly mined for sand and gravel; Arroyo Seco Wash north of Devils Gate Reservoir (Sector H, 204 acres) was formerly mined for cement concrete aggregate. There are no active mines and no reserves in Sectors F or H. Aggregate reserves are aggregate deposits that have been determined to be acceptable for commercial use; are on land owned or leased by aggregate companies; and have permits allowing mining of aggregate material. Mineral resources—that is, all aggregate, including reserves—designated in Sectors F and H in 1984 were 4 million tons and 35 million tons, respectively (CGS 2010). One closed sand and gravel mine is shown in Sector H, and no active or closed mines are shown in Sector F on the Mines Online map maintained by the California Office of Mine
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Reclamation (OMR 2013). Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would not result in development within either sector and would have no impact on availability of mineral resources.
b. Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan?
WHY? No mineral resource recovery sites are identified in the City of Pasadena in the City’s adopted General Plan Land Use Element. There are no active mines in the City. See also Section 14 a) of this document. No impact would occur.
15. NOISE. Will the project result in:
a. Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies?
WHY? The City’s noise ordinance (Chapter 9.36 of the Pasadena Municipal Code) and the Noise Element of the adopted General Plan contain the City’s policies and thresholds on noise. The implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would involve construction and operational activities that would generate noise levels that may exceed the standards established in the City's noise ordinance or expose sensitive land uses to noise levels in excess of the noise standards contained within the adopted Noise Element. Short-term construction activities could elevate ambient noise levels at noise-sensitive land uses. Long-term operation of the land uses associated with the proposed General Plan Update could potentially result in long-term noise impacts from stationary sources (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) units) or mobile sources (project-generated vehicle traffic). A second type of long-term noise impact may occur if a project proposes noise-sensitive uses are in an area of high noise exposure. Buildout of the proposed General Plan Update has the potential to increase stationary and mobile source noise levels in the City. In addition, the I-210 and other major arterials traverse the City and have the potential to generate substantial traffic noise levels, which may be incompatible with new noise-sensitive land uses. Further evaluation in the EIR is required to determine potential on- and offsite impacts of the proposed General Plan Update. Mitigation measures will be incorporated as needed.
b. Exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels?
WHY? The proposed land uses would not generate substantial levels of vibration. However, construction operations can generate varying degrees of groundborne vibration, depending on the procedures and equipment used. Construction equipment utilized during development of projects pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update would produce vibration from vehicle travel as well as grading and building construction activities. While vibrations from construction activities rarely reach levels that can damage structures, vibration from construction activities has the potential to be perceptible to occupants of buildings close to the construction site. Activities with heavy equipment or jackhammers may generate perceptible vibration levels and, possibly, vibration levels that could be considered annoying if sustained. The EIR will
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 44 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated include a qualitative assessment of construction vibration for sensitive receptors in the City and next to the City’s boundaries. Mitigation measures will be incorporated as needed.
c. A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project?
WHY? Development pursuant to implementation of the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update may result in a permanent increase in ambient noise above existing levels due to an increase in traffic associated with buildout of the preferred land use plan. Modeling of traffic noise will be conducted based on roadway segment volumes provided by the traffic report for existing and horizon year conditions. In addition, modeling of Metro Gold Line light rail (Metro Rail Service Line 804) will be provided. Noise modeling will be used to identify substantial increases in the ambient noise environment as well as noise compatibility for sensitive land uses. A noise analysis will be conducted, and the EIR will evaluate the proposed project’s potential impact on ambient noise levels.
d. A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project?
WHY? Short-term noise impacts are associated primarily with construction activities generated as a result of implementation of the proposed General Plan Update. Noise generated by construction equipment, including trucks, graders, bulldozers, concrete mixers, and portable generators, can reach high levels. The greatest construction noise levels are typically generated by heavy grading equipment. The EIR will include an assessment of potential construction noise impacts associated with future development pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update. Mitigation measures will be incorporated, as necessary.
e. For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
WHY? The nearest public use airport is El Monte Airport in the City of El Monte, which is four miles to the southeast and Bob Hope Airport in Burbank, 9.2 miles to the west. General Plan Update implementation would not cause any noise-related impacts from aircraft operating to or from El Monte Airport or Bob Hope Airport. Therefore, the proposed project would not expose people to excessive airport related noise and would have no associated impacts. This topic will not be addressed in the EIR.
f. For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
WHY? As stated in the response to question 11.f, there are two heliports in Pasadena and one immediately adjacent to the City. The General Plan Update would intensify development exposing more people to these noise sources. However, these heliports are private facilities not open for public use. Noise from helicopter
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 45 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated flights would be periodic and is not expected to have a significant impact on the ambient noise environment. Impacts are less than significant.
16. POPULATION AND HOUSING. Would the project:
a. Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)?
WHY? Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would allow the construction of new housing and nonresidential uses of a variety of densities throughout the City and within eight specific plans. New housing and businesses have the potential to induce substantial population growth in the City. The EIR will evaluate potential environmental effects of population growth that could result from the implementation of the proposed General Plan Update.
b. Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere?
WHY? The General Plan Update would target growth away from existing single-family residential neighborhoods and toward the Central District, proposed Neighborhood Villages around major intersections and other key areas, and proposed Transit Villages around transit stations. The proposed General Plan Update would allow for approximately 11,649 additional residential units at buildout. Development under the proposed General Plan Update would alter existing land use designations and could result in the displacement of nonconforming housing with new development. However, the proposed General Plan Update is not expected to displace a substantial amount of existing housing, and it would increase the number of dwelling units by allowing higher intensity residential uses and mixed-use development. Additionally, the City has a certified Housing Element which demonstrates sufficient capacity to meet SCAG’s regional housing needs and includes a list of existing and proposed housing programs to further assist in the provision of affordable housing. As a result, impacts are less than significant.
c. Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere?
WHY? Growth in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update is not expected to displace substantial numbers of people. Development under the proposed General Plan Update would alter existing land use designations that could result in the displacement of nonconforming housing with new development. However, the proposed General Plan Update is not expected to displace a substantial amount of existing housing, and it would increase the number of dwelling units and population by allowing higher intensity residential uses and mixed-use development. As a result, impacts are less than significant.
17. PUBLIC SERVICES. Will the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 46 Significant Potentially Less Than Unless Significant Significant No Impact Mitigation is Impact Impact Incorporated maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services:
a. Fire Protection?
WHY? The Pasadena Fire Department (PFD) provides fire protection and emergency medical services to the City. PFD operates eight fire stations. General Plan Update buildout would add 11,649 residential units and 8,025,000 square feet of nonresidential land uses to the City, and thus would result in an increase in demands for fire protection and emergency medical services. Impacts of the proposed General Plan Update implementation on the PFD will be discussed in the EIR.
b. Libraries?
WHY? The Pasadena Public Library (PPL) provides library services to the City through 10 facilities: a central library plus 9 branch libraries. Demand for library services is determined by the population of the libraries’ service areas. General Plan Update implementation would permit development of a net increase of up to 11,649 residential units and could cause an increase in the City’s population. Impacts on library services and on needs for library facilities will be discussed in the EIR.
c. Parks?
WHY? The City of Pasadena Public Works Department maintains the City’s 23 parks; the City’s Human Services and Recreation Department offers recreation services at City parks. The Angeles National Forest, which spans about 700,000 acres, mostly in the San Gabriel Mountains, borders part of the north City boundary. Demand for parks is determined by the population in the parks’ service areas. General Plan Update implementation could cause an increase in population in the City of Pasadena, and thus could cause an increase in demand for parks. Impacts on parks will be discussed in the EIR.
d. Police Protection?
WHY? The Pasadena Police Department (PPD) provides police services to the City. Implementation of the proposed General Plan Update is expected to result in increased numbers of residents and workers and increased development intensity. Thus, General Plan Update implementation could result in an increase in demands for police services. The PPD will be consulted requesting assistance in assessing impacts on PPD services and any potential resulting need for new or expanded PPD facilities. Impacts on police services will be discussed in the EIR.
e. Schools?
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WHY? The Pasadena Unified School District (PUSD) operates 16 elementary schools, 3 middle schools, and 3 high schools. The PUSD provides education to the City of Pasadena, the Community of Altadena in unincorporated Los Angeles County abutting Pasadena to the north, and the City of Sierra Madre abutting Pasadena to the east. Demand for new or expanded school facilities is determined by the population of the schools’ service areas. The proposed General Plan Update would permit net increases of up to approximately 11,649 residential units and approximately 8,025,000 square feet of nonresidential uses, and thus is expected to result in an increase in population in the City. This would increase the need for school services and could result in significant impacts. The EIR will evaluate impacts of the General Plan Update on school services.
f. Other public facilities?
WHY? General Plan Update implementation may result in additional maintenance of public facilities. The EIR will assess the potential impact of development in accordance with the General Plan Update on public facilities and also review the implementation and financing component of the proposed General Plan Update to determine potential impacts.
18. RECREATION.
a. Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated?
WHY? Demand for parks is determined by the population within the parks’ service areas. The proposed General Plan Update could result in an increase in the City’s population by permitting an increase of up to approximately 11,649 residential units and could indirectly increase the population of the region by permitting development of an additional approximately 8,025,00 square feet of nonresidential uses. Thus, General Plan Update implementation could result in an increase in park use. The City collects park impact fees for development projects to offset the increased demand. These fees are used to fund the City’s park maintenance and improvement program. Project-generated demands for park facilities will be discussed in the EIR.
b. Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment?
WHY? The City maintains and provides recreation services in 23 parks. According to the City’s park impact fee nexus study prepared in 2004, for every 1,000 residents the City as a whole has 2.17 acres of developed parkland and 1.49 acres of open space parkland, for a total of 3.66 acres of park and open space per 1,000 residents. Development in accordance with the proposed General Plan Update could result in a net increase of up to approximately 11,649 residential units, which would increase the demand for parks in the City. This impact will be addressed in the Parks section of Public Services in the EIR.
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19. TRANSPORTATION/TRAFFIC. Would the project:
a. Conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance or policy establishing measures of effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system, taking into account all modes of transportation including mass transit and non-motorized travel and relevant components of the circulation system, including but not limited to intersections, streets, highways and freeways, pedestrian and bicycle paths, and mass transit?
WHY? Implementation of the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update would allow for the alteration and intensification of land uses. These changes could result in an increase and redistribution of vehicle trips, resulting in potentially significant impacts to the City’s circulation system. The proposed General Plan Update would direct most future growth to the Central District, proposed Neighborhood Villages around major intersections, and proposed Transit Villages around transit stations. Proposed General Plan Update policies would promote pedestrian, bicycle, and public transit circulation and walkable communities. Therefore, implementation of the proposed General Plan Update would change circulation patterns in the City. A traffic analysis will be conducted to assess existing and future traffic conditions on non-motorized and motorized travel, including mass transit. The EIR will evaluate the proposed project’s impacts to traffic.
b. Conflict with an applicable congestion management program, including, but not limited to level of service standards and travel demand measures, or other standards established by the county congestion management agency for designated roads or highways?
WHY? The Congestion Management Program (CMP) in effect in Los Angeles County was approved by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (LACMTA) in 2010. All freeways and selected arterial roadways in Los Angeles County are designated in the CMP Highway System. CMP roadways in the City are I-210; SR-110 (Arroyo Parkway); SR-134; and I-710.1 Analysis of traffic impacts to CMP roadways is required for projects that would add 50 or more vehicle trips to a CMP arterial roadway in the AM or PM peak hour, and projects that would add 150 or more trips to a freeway in the AM or PM peak hour (LACMTA 2010). The traffic study prepared for the proposed General Plan Update will estimate traffic volumes generated and analyze impacts to the four above-mentioned CMP roadways. This topic will be discussed in the EIR.
c. Result in a change in air traffic patterns, including either an increase in traffic levels or a change in location that results in substantial safety risks?
WHY? The project site is not within an airport land use plan or within two miles of a public airport or public use airport. The nearest public airport or public-use airport to the City is El Monte Airport four miles to the southeast. Consequently, the proposed General Plan Update would not affect any airport facilities and would not cause a change in the directional patterns of aircraft. Therefore, the project would have no impact to air traffic patterns.
1 The segment of I-710 in the City extends south from the I-210/SR-134 interchange about 0.6 mile to Del Mar Avenue.
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d. Substantially increase hazards due to a design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)?
WHY? The proposed General Plan Update intends for people be able to circulate in Pasadena without cars. The proposed General Plan Update includes numerous policies to promote the safety and capacity of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure in the City, including consideration of reduction of vehicle travel lanes in favor of bicycle lanes; reducing conflicts for bicyclists, such as driveways and right-turn lanes; prohibiting bicycling on sidewalks; widening sidewalks; and creating landscaped medians. The safety of roadway and sidewalk improvements proposed in the General Plan Update for all roadway users—drivers, bicyclists, pedestrians, and public transit users—will be evaluated in the traffic study and will be discussed in the EIR.
e. Result in inadequate emergency access?
WHY? Development under the proposed General Plan Update would involve alteration and redistribution of land uses. These changes could result in changes to circulation patterns and emergency access routes, potentially resulting in significant impacts to emergency access. The EIR will evaluate the project’s impacts to emergency access.
f. Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities, or otherwise decrease the performance or safety of such facilities?
WHY? The proposed General Plan Update includes numerous policies to promote the safety and capacity of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, as well as public and private transit, in the City. Impacts of General Plan Update implementation on pedestrian, bicycle, and transit circulation will be assessed in the traffic study and discussed in the EIR.
20. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS. Would the project: a. Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board?
WHY? Los Angeles County treats the City’s wastewater; individual projects are subject to a Los Angeles County fee when the project is hooked up to a sewer line. The City is within Los Angeles County Sanitation District 16. Implementation of the proposed Pasadena General Plan Update would involve the alteration, intensification, and redistribution of existing uses. Development under the proposed General Plan Update may increase wastewater treatment requirements and result in significant impacts to the provision of wastewater service. The EIR will evaluate impacts to wastewater treatment requirements.
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b. Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects?
WHY?
Water Treatment
Water treatment facilities filter and/or disinfect water before it is delivered to customers. The City of Pasadena Water and Power Department (PWP) provides water treatment for the City. Water demand impacts of implementing the General Plan Update will be estimated in the EIR. PWP will be consulted regarding existing water treatment capacity in the City, and impacts of General Plan Update implementation on such capacity. This topic will be discussed in the EIR.
Wastewater Treatment
Wastewater treatment is provided to the City of Pasadena by the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County (LACSD). Wastewater generation impacts of implementation of the General Plan Update will be estimated in the EIR. LACSD will be consulted regarding existing wastewater treatment capacity in the region, and impacts of General Plan Update implementation on treatment capacity. This topic will be discussed in the EIR.
c. Require or result in the construction of new storm water drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects?
WHY? The existing drainage pattern in the City flows southward. The two major drainage courses in the City are Arroyo Seco in the west part of the City and Eaton Wash in the east. Networks of county and City storm drains also provide drainage in the City. General Plan Update implementation would not change the overall drainage pattern in the City; drainage would enter Arroyo Seco, Eaton Wash, and county and City storm drainage networks. Buildout could require additional stormwater facilities and expansion of existing facilities, potentially resulting in significant impacts related to stormwater facilities. The EIR will evaluate impacts of the proposed project on stormwater drainage.
d. Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed?
WHY? The proposed General Plan Update would permit development of net increases of approximately 11,649 residential units and approximately 8,025,000 square feet of nonresidential land uses; thus, General Plan Update buildout would increase water demands in the City. Existing and forecast PWP water supplies and demands, as well as estimated water demands due to General Plan Update buildout, will be discussed in the EIR. PWP will be consulted regarding impacts of water demands of General Plan Update buildout.
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e. Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider, which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments?
WHY? The proposed General Plan Update would increase the total permitted development intensity in the City. General Plan Update buildout would thus increase wastewater generation in the City. Impacts of General Plan Update buildout on wastewater treatment capacity will be discussed in the EIR.
f. Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project’s solid waste disposal needs?
WHY? The LACSD provides landfills serving the City of Pasadena as well as much of Los Angeles County. Existing and planned landfill capacity and estimated solid waste generation by General Plan Update buildout will be discussed in the EIR. LACSD will be consulted regarding impacts of the proposed General Plan Update implementation on landfill capacity.
g. Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste?
WHY?
California Integrated Waste Management Act (AB 939; California Public Resources Code Sections 40000 et seq.)
In 1992, the City adopted the "Source Reduction and Recycling Element" to comply with AB 939. This Act requires that jurisdictions maintain a 50 percent or better diversion rate for solid waste. The City implements this requirement through Section 8.61 of the Pasadena Municipal Code, which establishes the City’s “Solid Waste Collection Franchise System.” As described in Section 8.61.175, each franchisee is responsible for meeting the minimum recycling diversion rate of 50 percent, both monthly and annually. Projects developed pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update would be required to comply with the applicable solid waste franchise’s recycling system, and would meet Pasadena’s and California’s solid waste diversion regulations.
City of Pasadena Zoning Code Section 17.40.120 (Refuse Storage Facilities)
AB 1327 (California Public Resources Code Section 42900 et seq.), the California Solid Waste Reuse and Recycling Access Act of 1991, required the California Integrated Waste Management Board to develop a model ordinance requiring adequate areas for the collection and loading of recyclable materials in development projects. Local agencies were then required to adopt and enforce either the model ordinance, or an ordinance of their own, by September 1, 1993.
City of Pasadena Zoning Code Section 17.40.120 includes a requirement that refuse storage facilities provide space for recyclable materials, in accord with AB 1327. Projects developed pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update would be required to comply with Zoning Code Section 17.40.120.
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City of Pasadena Construction and Demolition Ordinance (Pasadena Municipal Code Section 8.62)
Projects approved per the proposed General Plan Update would be required to comply with the City’s Construction and Demolition Ordinance (PMC Section 8.62). Each applicant must submit a construction waste management plan if the project meets any of the following thresholds:
• Residential additions of 1,000 or more gross square feet • Tenant improvements of 3,000 or more square feet • New structures of 1,000 or more gross square feet • Demolition 1,000 or more gross square feet • All City public works and construction projects, which are awarded pursuant to competitive, bid procedure established by Chapter 4.08 of the Pasadena Municipal Code
It is expected that some projects approved under the proposed General Plan Update would meet the thresholds for required compliance with Municipal Code Section 8.62. Projects developed per the proposed General Plan Update would be required to comply with laws and regulations governing solid waste, and no adverse impact would occur.
21. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE.
a. Does the project have the potential to degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self- sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory?
WHY? Buildout of the proposed General Plan Update would not substantially reduce the habitat or population of a fish or wildlife species. However, General Plan Update implementation could degrade the quality of the environment. Operation and construction of projects developed pursuant to the proposed General Plan Update could result in water pollution and in air quality, greenhouse gas emission, noise, and traffic impacts. Buildout of the General Plan Update could change the visual character of parts of the City. Among other things, impacts to aesthetics, air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, water quality, and noise will be discussed in the EIR.
b. Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future project?
WHY? General Plan Update implementation may have cumulative impacts on aesthetics, air quality, cultural resources, geology and soils, greenhouse gas emissions, hazards and hazardous materials, hydrology and water quality, land use, noise, population and housing, public services, transportation and traffic, and utilities and service systems. Cumulative impacts on each of these resources will be discussed in the EIR.
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c. Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly?
WHY? Potentially significant impacts that could substantially affect human beings, directly or indirectly, are identified in this Initial Study in the areas of aesthetics, air quality, cultural resources, geology and soils, greenhouse gas emissions, hazards and hazardous materials, hydrology and water quality, land use, noise, population and housing, public services, transportation and traffic, and utilities and service systems. Impacts in each of these areas will be discussed in the appropriate topical section of the EIR.
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INITIAL STUDY REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Act, California Public Resources Code, revised January 1, 1994 official Mt. Wilson, Los Angeles and Pasadena quadrant maps were released March 25, 1999.
California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). 2013, February 1. California Natural Diversity Database.
California Division of Mines and Geology (CDMG). 1994. Generalized Mineral Land Classification Map of Los Angeles County – South Half. Open File Report 94-14, Plate 1B.
California Division of Mines and Geology. 1999, March 25. Seismic Hazard Zones Map, Pasadena Quadrangle. http://gmw.consrv.ca.gov/shmp/download/pdf/ozn_pasa.pdf.
California Geological Survey (CGS). 2013, May 29. 2010 Fault Activity Map of California. http://www.quake.ca.gov/gmaps/FAM/faultactivitymap.html.
California Geological Survey (CGS). 2010. Update of Mineral Land Classification for Portland Cement Concrete-Grade Aggregate in the San Gabriel Valley P-C Region, Los Angeles County – Special Report 209 – Plate 4.
Caltrans. California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). 2007, December 7. California Scenic Highway Mapping System. http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/LandArch/scenic_highways/index.htm.
CEQA Air Quality Handbook, South Coast Air Quality Management District, revised 1993
City of Pasadena. 2010, December 22. Historic & Landmark Districts. http://ww2.cityofpasadena.net/planning/deptorg/dhp/pdfs/Historic%20&%20landmark%20dis tricts%2012-2010%20color.pdf.
City of Pasadena. 2004, September. Final Environmental Impact Report for The 2004 Land Use and Mobility Elements, Zoning Code Revisions, and Central District Specific Plan. Section 3.7: Cultural Resources. http://ww2.cityofpasadena.net/planning/deptorg/commplng/GenPlan/pdf/307_Cultural_Reso urces.pdf.
Department of Regional Planning, County of Los Angeles (DRP). 2011, January 12. Los Angeles County Scenic Highways: Figure 6.7. http://planning.lacounty.gov/assets/upl/project/gp_2035_FIG_6-7_scenic_highways.pdf.
Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC). 2010, September 13. Glossary of Environmental Terms. http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/InformationResources/Glossary_of_Environmental_Terms.cfm.
Division of Land Resource Protection (DLRP). 2011, September. Los Angeles County Important Farmland 2010. ftp://ftp.consrv.ca.gov/pub/dlrp/FMMP/pdf/2010/los10.pdf.
Earth Consultants International (ECI). 2002a, June. Plate 1-2. Fault Map. http://ww2.cityofpasadena.net/planning/deptorg/commplng/GenPlan/Safety%20Element/Plat es/Plate%201-2_faults.pdf.
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 55
Earth Consultants International (ECI). 2002b, June. Plate 1-3. Seismic Hazards Map. http://ww2.cityofpasadena.net/planning/deptorg/commplng/GenPlan/Safety%20Element/Plat es/Plate%201-3_SeizHaz.pdf.
Earth Consultants International (ECI). 2002c, June. Technical Background Report to the 2002 Safety Element. Chapter 2: Geologic Hazards. http://ww2.cityofpasadena.net/planning/deptorg/commplng/GenPlan/Safety%20Element/Ch apter2-Geology.pdf.
Energy Element of the General Plan, City of Pasadena, adopted 1983
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). 2013, July 22. Arroyo Seco Historic Parkway - Route 110.
http://byways.org/explore/byways/10246.
Final Environmental Impact Report (FEIR) Land Use and Mobility Elements of the General Plan, Zoning Code Revisions, and Central District Specific Plan, City of Pasadena, certified 2004
Harden, Deborah. 2004. California Geology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.
2000-2005 Housing Element of the General Plan, City of Pasadena, adopted 2002.
Inclusionary Housing Ordinance Pasadena Municipal Code Chapter 17.71 Ordinance #6868
Land Use Element of the General Plan, City of Pasadena, adopted 2004
Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACoFD). 2007, November 21. Incorporated Fire Hazard Severity Zone [FHSZ], City of Pasadena. ftp://frap.cdf.ca.gov/fhszlocalmaps/los_angeles/pasadena.pdf.
Mobility Element of the General Plan, City of Pasadena, adopted 2004
National Park Service (NPS). 2013. National Register of Historic Places. http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreghome.do?searchtype=natreghome.
Noise Element of the General Plan, City of Pasadena, adopted 2002
Noise Protection Ordinance Pasadena Municipal Code Chapter 9.36 Ordinances # 5118, 6132, 6227, 6594 and 6854
Office of Emergency Services (OES). 2000. Dam Inundation Map, Devils Canyon Reservoir.
Office of Historic Preservation (OHP). 2013, July 23. California Historical Resources. http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/ListedResources/?view=county&criteria=19.
Office of Mine Reclamation (OMR). 2013, July 24. Mines Online. http://maps.conservation.ca.gov/mol/mol-app.html.
Pasadena Fire Department. 2011, July 23. Station Directory. http://www.ci.pasadena.ca.us/Fire/Station_Directory/.
Pasadena Municipal Code, as amended
Recommendations On Siting New Sensitive Land Uses, California Air Resources Board, May 2005
Pasadena General Plan Update Initial Study September 2013 Page 56
Regional Comprehensive Plan and Guide, “Growth Management Chapter,” Southern California Association of Governments, June 1994
Safety Element of the General Plan, City of Pasadena, adopted 2002
Scenic Highways Element of the General Plan, City of Pasadena, adopted 1975
Seismic Hazard Maps, California Department of Conservation, official Mt. Wilson, Los Angeles and Pasadena quadrant maps were released March 25, 1999. The preliminary map for Condor Peak was released in 2002.
Storm Water and Urban Runoff Control Regulations Pasadena Municipal Code Chapter 8.70 Ordinance #6837
Transportation Impact Review Current Practice and Guidelines, City of Pasadena, August, 2005
Tree Protection Ordinance Pasadena Municipal Code Chapter 8.52 Ordinance # 6896
US Department of Transportation (USDOT). 2011, August 3. Arroyo Seco Historic Parkway - Route 110. http://www.byways.org/explore/byways/10246/travel.html.
US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2013, July 25. National Wetlands Mapper. http://137.227.242.85/wetland/wetland.html.
Zoning Code, Chapter 17 of the Pasadena Municipal Code
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