Université De Strasbourg

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Université De Strasbourg UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG ÉCOLE DOCTORALE DES SCIENCES CHIMIQUES Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires – UMR 7509 THÈSE présentée par : Eric MEICHSNER soutenue le : 13 octobre 2017 pour obtenir le grade de : Docteur de l’université de Strasbourg Discipline/Spécialité : Chimie Modifications chimiques contrôlées du pillar[5]arène et préparation de [2]rotaxanes THÈSE dirigée par : M. NIERENGARTEN Jean-François Dr, Université de Strasbourg RAPPORTEURS : M. BONIFAZI Davide Pr, University of Cardiff M. SALLE Marc Pr, Université d’Angers AUTRES MEMBRES DU JURY : M. ARMSPACH Dominique Pr, Université de Strasbourg « Il était une fois une coïncidence qui était partie faire une promenade en compagnie d’un petit accident ; pendant qu’ils se promenaient tous deux, ils rencontrèrent une explication, une très vieille explication, si vieille qu’elle était toute pliée en deux et ratatinée et qu’elle ressemblait à une devinette… » Lewis Caroll « Sylvie et Bruno » 2 Ne t'inquiète pas si tu as des difficultés en maths, je peux t'assurer que les miennes sont bien plus importantes ! Albert Einstein 3 Remerciements Ce travail de thèse a été réalisé au sein du laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires (Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7509) sous la direction du Dr Jean-François Nierengarten. Tout d’abord je tiens à remercier le Dr Jean-François Nierengarten pour m’avoir accueilli dans son laboratoire, et par la suite donné l’opportunité de poursuivre en thèse. Sa passion pour la science ainsi que sa disponibilité m’ont permis de réaliser cette thèse dans les meilleures conditions. Sa rigueur scientifique et ses précieux conseils m’ont beaucoup apporté tout au long de ces années. Je ne peux que sortir grandi de cette thèse ! Je souhaiterais ensuite remercier les membres du jury : le Pr Dominique Armspach, le Pr Davide Bonifazi et le Pr Marc Sallé pour avoir accepté et pris le temps de juger ce travail de thèse. Cette thèse aurait été moins passionnante sans la présence du Dr Michel Holler. Son soutien à la fois scientifique et moral m’ont permis de progresser dans cette aventure. De plus, sa bonne humeur a toujours contribué à la bonne ambiance du laboratoire. Merci Mimiche ! Je remercie le Dr Uwe Hahn pour son aide tout au long de ces années. J’ai beaucoup appris de son expérience et de son exigence. Entre fans de Haribo… ! Je remercie aussi le Dr Iwona Nierengarten, avec qui j’ai eu le plaisir de travailler. Sa disponibilité et son aide m’ont permis de progresser plus rapidement sur certains projets de la thèse. Je remercie également Matthieu Chessé pour son aide et ses conseils lors des mesures photophysiques et autres, ainsi que pour sa bonne humeur ! Je remercie aussi le Dr Michel Schmitt et le Dr Emeric Wasielewski pour les mesures RMN. Merci également à Jean-Marc Strub pour les mesures de spectrométrie de masse. Merci également aux services scientifiques situés sur le campus d’Esplanade, notamment le Dr Lydia Karmazin et Corinne Bailly pour la résolution des structures par diffraction des rayons X, et Noémie Bourgeois pour les analyses élémentaires. 4 Remerciements Ces travaux ont pu être réalisés grâce à de nombreuses collaborations. C’est pourquoi je remercie le Pr Robert Deschenaux ainsi que le Dr Pauline Pieper (Laboratoire de Chimie Macromoléculaire, Université de Neuchâtel, Suisse) pour la réalisation et la caractérisation des cristaux liquides. Je remercie aussi le Dr Béatrice Delavaux-Nicot (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Toulouse) pour les mesures d’électrochimies. Je remercie également le Pr Nicola Armaroli (Photonics for Health, Energy and Environment Lab, Bologne, Italie) pour les mesures photophysiques. Durant la thèse, j’ai eu le plaisir de rencontrer le Dr Alex Adronov, professeur à l’Université McMaster à Hamilton au Canada, ainsi que son étudiant Vladimir Kardelis. Merci à vous pour votre sympathie. Je suis vraiment heureux d’avoir l’opportunité de rejoindre votre équipe après la thèse. A celles et ceux qui ont partagé mon quotidien : Dr Franck Schillinger, Dr Thomas Biellmann, Dr Haïfa Ben Aziza, Dr Thi Minh Nguyet Trinh, Dr Sébastiano Guerra, Tuan-Anh Phan, Lucie Muhlberger, Radian Milev, Ahmed Yassine Chadi, Huixian Deng, Thibaut Pariat, Aurélien Billot, ainsi que les nombreux et courageux stagiaires qui ont apporté leur bonne humeur et leur aide : Marco, Eva, Nathalie, Salema, Morgane, Thomas, Xavier, Florent, Elodie, Guillaume, Artem, Vincent, Brigino, Anaïs, Amine, Alberto, Vivien, Dorian, Geoffrey, Fabien, Timothée, Lucie, Zahid, Fernando, Amine… Merci à tous pour votre jovialité ! Je remercie ma famille, sans leur soutien je n’aurais jamais pu vivre cette expérience. Je leur dois beaucoup. Je remercie également mes amis, qui ont toujours cru en moi. Je remercie tout autant Leslie, celle avec qui je partage ma vie. Merci à ses parents, à Coton aussi ! Pour finir, un grand merci à toutes les personnes qui ont contribué de près ou de loin à cette thèse et qui n’ont pas été citées nommément. 5 Table des matières 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 SYNTHESE DES PILLAR [N]ARENES ..................................................................................................................... 13 1.1.1 Première apparition du [1.1.1.1.1]paracyclophane dans la littérature ......................................... 13 1.1.2 Première synthèse efficace du pillar[n]arène ................................................................................ 15 1.1.3 Différentes stratégies de synthèses du pillar[n]arène ................................................................... 16 1.1.4 Synthèse du pillar[5]arène sous contrôle thermodynamique ........................................................ 17 1.1.5 Synthèse du pillar[6]arène sous contrôle thermodynamique et cinétique .................................... 18 1.1.6 Synthèse des pillar[n]arènes (n ≥ 7) sous contrôle cinétique ......................................................... 20 1.2 CONFORMATION ET CHIRALITE DU PILLAR [5] ARENE ............................................................................................ 21 1.3 PILLAR [5] ARENES NON -SYMETRIQUES .............................................................................................................. 23 1.4 METHODE DE FONCTIONNALISATION DU PILLAR [5] ARENE .................................................................................... 24 1.4.1 Mono-fonctionnalisation ............................................................................................................... 24 1.4.2 Di-fonctionnalisation ..................................................................................................................... 26 1.4.3 A bords différenciés ....................................................................................................................... 27 1.4.4 Per-fonctionnalisation ................................................................................................................... 28 1.4.5 Fonctionnalisation des phénylènes ................................................................................................ 30 1.4.6 Autres exemples de multi-fonctionnalisation ................................................................................ 31 1.5 LE PILLAR [N]ARENE UTILISE COMME CŒUR POLYFONCTIONNEL POUR L ’ELABORATION DE NANOMATERIAUX ................... 31 1.6 PSEUDOROTAXANES ET ROTAXANES A PARTIR DE PILLAR [N]ARENE .......................................................................... 36 1.6.1 Structures des pillar[n]arènes et formation de pseudorotaxanes ................................................. 36 1.6.2 Synthèse de [1]rotaxanes .............................................................................................................. 38 1.6.3 Synthèse de [2]rotaxanes .............................................................................................................. 39 1.6.4 Synthèse de [n]rotaxanes (n ˃ 2) ................................................................................................... 44 1.7 DES ROTAXANES POUR LA PREPARATION DE NANOMATERIAUX .............................................................................. 46 1.8 OBJECTIFS DE THESE ..................................................................................................................................... 48 2 MODIFICATION CHIMIQUE DU PONT METHYLENIQUE DU PILLAR[5]ARENE .......................................... 55 2.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 55 2.2 OXYDATION DU PONT METHYLENIQUE PAR UTILISATION DE N-BROMOSUCCINIMIDE .................................................. 57 2.3 OXYDATION DU PONT METHYLENIQUE PAR UTILISATION DE 2,3-DICHLORO -5,6-DICYANO -1,4-BENZOQUINONE ............. 62 2.4 REACTIVITE DU DERIVE PILLAR [5] ARENE MONO -CETONE ...................................................................................... 67 2.4.1 Préparation d’un fulléropillararène ............................................................................................... 67 2.4.2 Introduction d’une triple liaison sur le macrocycle ........................................................................ 71 2.5 REACTIVITE DU DERIVE PILLAR [5] ARENE PORTANT UNE TRIPLE LIAISON .................................................................... 74 2.5.1 Cycloaddition
Recommended publications
  • Los Premios Nobel De Química
    Los premios Nobel de Química MATERIAL RECOPILADO POR: DULCE MARÍA DE ANDRÉS CABRERIZO Los premios Nobel de Química El campo de la Química que más premios ha recibido es el de la Quí- mica Orgánica. Frederick Sanger es el único laurea- do que ganó el premio en dos oca- siones, en 1958 y 1980. Otros dos también ganaron premios Nobel en otros campos: Marie Curie (física en El Premio Nobel de Química es entregado anual- 1903, química en 1911) y Linus Carl mente por la Academia Sueca a científicos que so- bresalen por sus contribuciones en el campo de la Pauling (química en 1954, paz en Física. 1962). Seis mujeres han ganado el Es uno de los cinco premios Nobel establecidos en premio: Marie Curie, Irène Joliot- el testamento de Alfred Nobel, en 1895, y que son dados a todos aquellos individuos que realizan Curie (1935), Dorothy Crowfoot Ho- contribuciones notables en la Química, la Física, la dgkin (1964), Ada Yonath (2009) y Literatura, la Paz y la Fisiología o Medicina. Emmanuelle Charpentier y Jennifer Según el testamento de Nobel, este reconocimien- to es administrado directamente por la Fundación Doudna (2020) Nobel y concedido por un comité conformado por Ha habido ocho años en los que no cinco miembros que son elegidos por la Real Aca- demia Sueca de las Ciencias. se entregó el premio Nobel de Quí- El primer Premio Nobel de Química fue otorgado mica, en algunas ocasiones por de- en 1901 al holandés Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff. clararse desierto y en otras por la Cada destinatario recibe una medalla, un diploma y situación de guerra mundial y el exi- un premio económico que ha variado a lo largo de los años.
    [Show full text]
  • Standard Lithium Welcomes Nobel Laureate, Professor Karl Barry Sharpless to Its Scientific Advisory Council
    Standard Lithium Welcomes Nobel Laureate, Professor Karl Barry Sharpless to Its Scientific Advisory Council July 26, 2018 (Source) — Standard Lithium Ltd. (TSXV: SLL) (OTCQX: STLHF) (FRA: S5L) (“Standard Lithium” or the “Company”), is very pleased to announce the appointment of Nobel Laureate, Professor Barry Sharpless to the Company’s Scientific Advisory Council. Dr. Andy Robinson, President and COO of Standard Lithium commented, “It is truly a distinct honour to welcome Professor Sharpless, a chemist of global significance, to our Scientific Advisory Council.” Professor Sharpless is the W. M. Keck professor of chemistry at Scripps Research, where he has been a faculty member since 1990. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2001 for his work on chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions. Since this landmark achievement, Prof. Sharpless has continued to be a luminary in the field, creating chemical tools that have been adopted by nearly every field of modern science. For his numerous contributions, the American Chemical Society (ACS) will award Professor Sharpless the 2019 Priestley Medal, the highest honor bestowed by ACS. His national and international awards include the inaugural Paul Janssen Prize for Creativity in Organic Synthesis, the King Faisal International Prize in Science, the Rhone Poulenc Medal, the Chemical Sciences Award of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the Benjamin Franklin Medal and the Wolf Prize. Standard Lithium CEO, Robert Mintak commented “I would like to thank Professors Jason Hein and Pierre Kennepohl of UBC for introducing Standard Lithium to Professor Sharpless. Knowing that the innovative and groundbreaking lithium processing work underway by Professors Hein, Kennepohl and our team is such that it piqued the interest of ProfessorSharpless is extremely rewarding, and we are thrilled to welcome Professor Sharpless to our Scientific Council“.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributions of Civilizations to International Prizes
    CONTRIBUTIONS OF CIVILIZATIONS TO INTERNATIONAL PRIZES Split of Nobel prizes and Fields medals by civilization : PHYSICS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 CHEMISTRY .................................................................................................................................................................... 2 PHYSIOLOGY / MEDECINE .............................................................................................................................................. 3 LITERATURE ................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ECONOMY ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 MATHEMATICS (Fields) .................................................................................................................................................. 5 PHYSICS Occidental / Judeo-christian (198) Alekseï Abrikossov / Zhores Alferov / Hannes Alfvén / Eric Allin Cornell / Luis Walter Alvarez / Carl David Anderson / Philip Warren Anderson / EdWard Victor Appleton / ArthUr Ashkin / John Bardeen / Barry C. Barish / Nikolay Basov / Henri BecqUerel / Johannes Georg Bednorz / Hans Bethe / Gerd Binnig / Patrick Blackett / Felix Bloch / Nicolaas Bloembergen
    [Show full text]
  • Exhibition and Sponsorship Prospectus
    WLSC2016 世界生命科学大会 WORLD LIFE SCIENCE CONFERENCE 时间:2016年11月1日-3日 地点:中国.北京.国家会议中心 NOV.1-3, 2016 CHINA NATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER Exhibition and Sponsorship Prospectus Approver : The State Council, The People’s Republic of China Contact Information : Sponsor : China International Exchange Center for Science and Technology China Association for Science and Technology Address: 7 floor, No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing Organizer : Post/Zip Code: 100081 China Union of Life Science Societies Fax: 010-62380267 China International Exchange Center for Science and Technology Contact Name: Ms. Lu New Technology Development Center, China Association for Science and Technology E-mail: [email protected] MB: 13691041990 http://www.wlsc2016.com Contents Invitation The China Association of Science and Technology (CAST) and the China Union of Life Science Societies are organizing the 2016 World Life Science Conference on November 1-3, 2016 in Beijing, China. The conference is co-chaired by Prof. Qide Han, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and President of CAST, and Prof. David Baltimore, the 1975 Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine. This conference will cover the latest and most exciting discoveries in basic research, technology development, government policies and science education in the areas of health, agriculture and Invitation 1 ………………………… environmental science. We have currently confirmed the attendance of 13 Nobel laureates, 3 World Food About Conference 2 … …………… Prize laureates, the President of the American Academy of Science, and the President of The Royal Society 4 General Information… ………… at the conference. Many leaders of international academic organizations and hundreds of outstanding About Exhibition… ……………10 scientists in the field of life sciences around the world will also be invited to attend.
    [Show full text]
  • Michel Foucault Ronald C Kessler Graham Colditz Sigmund Freud
    ANK RESEARCHER ORGANIZATION H INDEX CITATIONS 1 Michel Foucault Collège de France 296 1026230 2 Ronald C Kessler Harvard University 289 392494 3 Graham Colditz Washington University in St Louis 288 316548 4 Sigmund Freud University of Vienna 284 552109 Brigham and Women's Hospital 5 284 332728 JoAnn E Manson Harvard Medical School 6 Shizuo Akira Osaka University 276 362588 Centre de Sociologie Européenne; 7 274 771039 Pierre Bourdieu Collège de France Massachusetts Institute of Technology 8 273 308874 Robert Langer MIT 9 Eric Lander Broad Institute Harvard MIT 272 454569 10 Bert Vogelstein Johns Hopkins University 270 410260 Brigham and Women's Hospital 11 267 363862 Eugene Braunwald Harvard Medical School Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de 12 264 364838 Michael Graetzel Lausanne 13 Frank B Hu Harvard University 256 307111 14 Yi Hwa Liu Yale University 255 332019 15 M A Caligiuri City of Hope National Medical Center 253 345173 16 Gordon Guyatt McMaster University 252 284725 17 Salim Yusuf McMaster University 250 357419 18 Michael Karin University of California San Diego 250 273000 Yale University; Howard Hughes 19 244 221895 Richard A Flavell Medical Institute 20 T W Robbins University of Cambridge 239 180615 21 Zhong Lin Wang Georgia Institute of Technology 238 234085 22 Martín Heidegger Universität Freiburg 234 335652 23 Paul M Ridker Harvard Medical School 234 318801 24 Daniel Levy National Institutes of Health NIH 232 286694 25 Guido Kroemer INSERM 231 240372 26 Steven A Rosenberg National Institutes of Health NIH 231 224154 Max Planck
    [Show full text]
  • Danh Sách Những Nhà Bác Học Đoạt Giải Nobel Hóa Học Từ Năm 1901 Đến Nay
    CÂU CHUYỆN KHOA HỌC CUỐI TUẦN DANH SÁCH NHỮNG NHÀ BÁC HỌC ĐOẠT GIẢI NOBEL HÓA HỌC TỪ NĂM 1901 ĐẾN NAY Alfred Nobel là nhà hóa học Thụy Điển và là người phát minh ra thuốc nổ. Nobel đã công nhận sức mạnh hủy diệt của thuốc nổ, nhưng hy vọng rằng sức mạnh đó cũng sẽ dẫn đến kết thúc các cuộc chiến tranh. Tuy nhiên, thuốc nổ nhanh chóng được khai thác để phát triển các loại vũ khí mới hơn, chết chóc hơn. Không muốn bị ghi nhớ là "con buôn của cái chết", cái tít mà một tờ báo Pháp đặt cho ông trong một cáo phó nhầm lẫn, Nobel đã viết di chúc rằng ông sẽ thiết lập các giải thưởng về vật lý, hóa học, sinh lý học hoặc y học, văn học và hòa bình cho những người, trong các năm trước đã mang lại lợi ích lớn nhất cho nhân loại. Một hạng mục thứ sáu, kinh tế học, đã được thêm vào năm 1969. Phải mất một thời gian để thực hiện mong muốn của Nobel. Giải Nobel đầu tiên được trao vào năm 1901, tức là 5 năm sau khi Alfred Nobel qua đời. Lưu ý rằng giải Nobel chỉ có thể được giành bởi các cá nhân, không thể có quá ba người chiến thắng trong một hạng mục và số tiền được chia đều cho các người đoạt giải. Mỗi người chiến thắng sẽ nhận được một huy chương vàng, một khoản tiền và một chứng chỉ công nhận.
    [Show full text]
  • WLSC2016 世界生命科学大会 WORLD LIFE SCIENCE CONFERENCE 时间:2016年11月1日-3日 地点:中国.北京.国家会议中心 NOV.1-3, 2016 CHINA NATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER Exhibition and Sponsorship Prospectus
    WLSC2016 世界生命科学大会 WORLD LIFE SCIENCE CONFERENCE 时间:2016年11月1日-3日 地点:中国.北京.国家会议中心 NOV.1-3, 2016 CHINA NATIONAL CONVENTION CENTER Exhibition and Sponsorship Prospectus Approver : The State Council, The People’s Republic of China Contact Information : Sponsor : China International Exchange Center for Science and Technology China Association for Science and Technology Address: 7 floor, No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing Organizer : Post/Zip Code: 100081 China Union of Life Science Societies Fax: 010-62380267 China International Exchange Center for Science and Technology Contact Name: Ms. Lu New Technology Development Center, China Association for Science and Technology E-mail: [email protected] MB: 13691041990 http://www.wlsc2016.com Contents Invitation The China Association of Science and Technology (CAST) and the China Union of Life Science Societies are organizing the 2016 World Life Science Conference on November 1-3, 2016 in Beijing, China. The conference is co-chaired by Prof. Qide Han, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and President of CAST, and Prof. David Baltimore, the 1975 Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine. This conference will cover the latest and most exciting discoveries in basic research, technology development, government policies and science education in the areas of health, agriculture and Invitation 1 ………………………… environmental science. We have currently confirmed the attendance of 13 Nobel laureates, 3 World Food About Conference 2 … …………… Prize laureates, the President of the American Academy of Science, and the President of The Royal Society 4 General Information… ………… at the conference. Many leaders of international academic organizations and hundreds of outstanding About Exhibition… ……………10 scientists in the field of life sciences around the world will also be invited to attend.
    [Show full text]
  • Nobel Laureates of Japan
    NOBEL LAUREATES OF JAPAN Biman Basu I NDIA S INGAPORE MALAYSIA Copyright © MOSAI 2018 All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-1-64249-951-3 Mombusho Scholars Association of India (MOSAI) is a registered society for prompting educational and academic contacts between India and Japan. Its select membership consists of specialists with first hand experience of years of research and academic assignments at Japanese universities, research institutions and industry. Members occupy senior positions in various India Universities, Research Institutions and Government agencies. MOSAI works in close cooperation with the Embassy of Japan, the Japan Foundation and other India-Japan related organizations. The association is the recipient of commendation from Minister of Foreign Affairs, Government of Japan. For details: www.mosai.org.in Contents Preface � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �1 Message From Dr� Ashok Jain � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �2 1. Hideki Yukawa . .4 2. Sin-Itiro Tomonaga . .8 3. Yasunari Kawabata . .12 4. Leo Esaki . .16 5. Eisaku Sato . .20 6. Kenichi Fukui . .24 7. Susumu Tonegawa . .28 8. Kenzaburo Oe . .32 9. Hideki Shirakawa . .36 10. Ryoji Noyori . .40 11. Masatoshi Koshiba . .44 12. Koichi Tanaka . .48 13. Yoichiro Nambu . .52 14. Makoto Kobayashi . .56 15. Toshihide Maskawa . .60 16. Osamu Shimomura. .64 17. Ei-ichi Negishi. .68 18. Akira Suzuki . .72 19. Shinya Yamanaka . .76 A MOSAI Publication under the eduJAPAN Initiative of ReTHINK INDIA iv Contents 20. Shuji Nakamura . .80 21. Hiroshi Amano . .84 22. Isamu Akasaki . .88 23. Satoshi Omura . .92 24. Takaaki Kajita . .96 25. Yoshinori Ohsumi . .100 26. Kazuo Ishiguro . .104 A MOSAI Publication under the eduJAPAN Initiative of ReTHINK INDIA Preface he Nobel Prize is widely regarded as the most Tprestigious award in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, peace, literature, and economics.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of Catalysis
    Trim Size: 6.125in x 9.25in Single Columnk Zecchina ffirs.tex V2 - 02/20/2017 1:50pm Page i The Development of Catalysis k k k Trim Size: 6.125in x 9.25in Single Columnk Zecchina ffirs.tex V2 - 02/20/2017 1:50pm Page iii The Development of Catalysis A History of Key Processes and Personas in Catalytic Science and Technology Adriano Zecchina Salvatore Califano k k k Trim Size: 6.125in x 9.25in Single Columnk Zecchina ffirs.tex V2 - 02/20/2017 1:50pm Page iv Copyright © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
    [Show full text]
  • Nobel Prizes in Chemistry © Dr
    Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/NobelChem.pdf 1 Nobel Prizes in Chemistry © Dr. John Andraos, 2002 - 2021 Department of Chemistry, York University 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ONTARIO M3J 1P3, CANADA For suggestions, corrections, additional information, and comments please send e-mails to [email protected] http://www.chem.yorku.ca/NAMED/ NOBEL PRIZE CHEMISTRY YEARNAMES OF SCIENTISTS NATIONALITY TYPE OF CHEMISTRY 1901 Jacobus van't Hoff Dutch physical 1902 Emil Fischer German organic 1903 Svante Arrhenius Swedish physical 1904 Sir William Ramsay British physical 1905 Adolf von Baeyer German organic 1906 Henri Moissan French inorganic 1907 Eduard Buchner German organic/bioorganic 1908 Lord Ernest Rutherford British nuclear 1909 Wilhelm Ostwald Latvian physical 1910 Otto Wallach German organic 1911 Marie Curie Polish-French nuclear 1912 Victor Grignard French organic 1912 Paul Sabatier French organic 1913 Alfred Werner German inorganic 1914 Theodore Williams Richards American physical 1915 Richard Martin Willstatter German organic 1916 no prize awarded N/A N/A 1917 no prize awarded N/A N/A 1918 Fritz Haber German physical/industrial 1919 no prize awarded N/A N/A Dr. John Andraos, http://www.careerchem.com/NAMED/NobelChem.pdf 2 1920 Walther Hermann Nernst German physical 1921 Frederick Soddy British nuclear 1922 Francis William Aston British analytical 1923 Fritz Pregl Slovenian analytical 1924 no prize awarded N/A N/A 1925 Richard Zsigmondy Austrian physical 1926 Theodor Svedberg Swedish physical 1927 Heinrich Wieland German organic 1928 Adolf Windaus German organic 1929 Hans von Euler-Chelpin German bioorganic 1929 Arthur Harden British bioorganic 1930 Hans Fischer German bioorganic 1931 Friedrich Bergius German physical 1931 Carl Bosch German physical 1932 Irving Langmuir American physical 1933 no prize awarded N/A N/A 1934 Harold Urey American nuclear 1935 Frederic Joliot French nuclear 1935 Irene Joliot-Curie French nuclear 1936Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Metal–Ligand Electronic Parameter (MLEP)
    Top Organomet Chem https://doi.org/10.1007/3418_2020_48 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 Characterizing the Metal–Ligand Bond Strength via Vibrational Spectroscopy: The Metal–Ligand Electronic Parameter (MLEP) Elfi Kraka and Marek Freindorf Contents 1 Introduction 2 The Tolman Electronic Parameter (TEP) 3 Local Vibrational Mode Analysis 3.1 Theory of Local Vibrational Modes 3.2 Application of the Local Vibrational Mode Analysis 4 Assessment of the TEP with the Local Mode Analysis 4.1 TEP and Mode–Mode Coupling 4.2 Correlation Between CO and ML Bonding 5 The Metal–Ligand Electronic Parameter (MLEP) 5.1 Relative Bond Strength Order (BSO) 5.2 Intrinsic Strength of Nickel–Phosphine Bonding 5.3 Special Role of Carbene Ligands 5.4 Ionic Ligands 5.5 Generalization of the MLEP 6 Conclusion and Outlook References Abstract The field of organometallic chemistry has tremendously grown over the past decades and become an integral part of many areas of chemistry and beyond. Organometallic compounds find a wide use in synthesis, where organometallic compounds are utilized as homogeneous/heterogeneous catalysts or as stoichiomet- ric reagents. In particular, modifying and fine-tuning organometallic catalysts has been at the focus. This requires an in-depth understanding of the complex metal– In memoriam of Dieter Cremer. E. Kraka (*) and M. Freindorf Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group (CATCO), Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA e-mail: [email protected] E. Kraka and M. Freindorf ligand (ML) interactions which are playing a key role in determining the diverse properties and rich chemistry of organometallic compounds. We introduce in this article the metal–ligand electronic parameter (MLEP), which is based on the local vibrational ML stretching force constant, fully reflecting the intrinsic strength of this bond.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical and Engineering News Top 75 Chemists
    Chemical & Engineering News January 12, 1998 Copyright © 1998 by the American Chemical Society C&EN's Top 75 Editor's Note: Over the course of three months in 1997, we asked C&EN readers to nominate their choices for C&EN's" Top 75 Distinguished Contributors to the Chemical Enterprise" during the 75 years of C&EN's existence. Using a ballot in the magazine, readers could nominate up to 20 people, living or dead. We urged nominators to think broadly and globally. Readers nominated more than 1,200 individuals. The result-a readers' choice of "C&EN's Top 75"-follows. The list was compiled and researched by Diana Slade and Maureen Rouhi at C&EN headquarters in Washington, D.C. The top four vote getters by far were Linus Pauling, Robert B. Woodward, Glenn Seaborg, and Wallace Carothers. After that, the votes were close. The list includes 32 living scientists and contains 35 Nobel Prize winners, 28 recipients of the American Chemical Society's prestigious Priestley Medal, and 10 winners of the ACS Arthur C. Cope Award. Collectively, the group holds 25 National Medals of Science and three National Medals of Technology. The list is a "Who's Who" of outstanding researchers, people who helped transform the nature of the chemical industry, and influential teachers. Readers have come up with a superlative group of contributors, representing the diversity within the far- flung chemical enterprise. Chemistry is an endeavor populated by an extraordinarily large number of exceptionally talented people. Thus, it is inevitable that the list does not contain all the many well- known and brilliant contributors to the chemical enterprise-including many Nobel Prize winners-in industry, academe, and government.
    [Show full text]