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A Comparative Study of National Government Elite Sport Systems in Australia and Taiwan: a Model for Olympic Success

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A Comparative Study of National Government Elite Sport Systems in Australia and Taiwan: a Model for Olympic Success Edith Cowan University Research Online Theses: Doctorates and Masters Theses 1-1-2007 A comparative study of national government elite sport systems in Australia and Taiwan: A model for Olympic success Hui-Yuan M. Tang Edith Cowan University Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses Part of the Sports Management Commons, and the Sports Studies Commons Recommended Citation Tang, H. M. (2007). A comparative study of national government elite sport systems in Australia and Taiwan: A model for Olympic success. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/285 This Thesis is posted at Research Online. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/285 Edith Cowan University Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. 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Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NATIONAL GOVERNMENT ELITE SPORT SYSTEMS IN AUSTRALIA AND TAIWAN: A MODEL FOR OLYMPIC,SUCCESS HUI-YUAN MARGARET TANG MSc. International Sport Management B.S. Physical Education EDITH COWAN UNIVEPISITY LIBRARY This thesis is presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Business and Law Edith Cowan University Western Australia December 2007 ., USE OF THESIS The Use of Thesis statement is not included in this version of the thesis. ABSTRACT This study was prompted by the stagnation facing the Taiwanese Government in promoting elite sport and pursuing sporting achievement at the Olympic Games. The main purpose o{the study was to explore and compare the national government elite sport systems (NGESS) of Australia and Taiwan and make recommendations for Taiwan to improve its elite sport development and performances at future Olympics. To accomplish this purpose, the present study examined the similarities and differences between Australia and Taiwan in terms of stakeholders' viewpoints on the definition of Olympic success; the profiles of the current national government elite sport agencies; the mechanisms of the government elite sport agencies at national level; and . ' environmental influences affecting elite sport and the mechanisms of the respective NGESS. The study utilised a qualitative design. Data were collected through document analysis and the Delphi technique. In conducting the Delphi technique, a four-round Delphi survey was undertaken in the respective c~untries using electronic questionnaires. Participants included 24 sport experts in Australia and 32 in Taiwan. A comparative data analysis of the documentary evidence and the Delphi survey was conducted and findings reported. The major findings of this study are fourfold. Firstly, despite attaining different elite sporting accomplishments, the viewpoints of the definition of Olympic success held by the Australian and Taiwanese stakeholder panels were remarkably similar.· Secondly, the results of the document analysis revs:aled marked differences between the Australian Sports Commission (ASC) and the National Council on Physical fitness and Sports in Taiwan (NCPFS) in the functions and mechanisms. Distinctively, the former had greater autonomy in administration; more employees, a wider range of activities, and more funding to promote elite athlete development. Thirdly, although both countries have a three-tier government system, the organisational network for elite sport in Australia was more comprehensive than that in Taiwan. Lastly, this study found that the political and sociocultural factors had a profound positive impact on Australia's elite sporting success (since the 1980s). In Taiwan, political, sociocultural and educatiomil fac;tors were found to hinder the progress of elite sport development. Based on the findings, recommendations are . made to provide future policy directions to enhance Taiwan's elite sport development and future Olympic success. Given th~~ little research was found to compare NGESS and environmental surroundings at international level, this study also provides practical information to practitioners in Australia and Taiwan towards a clearer understanding of the NGESS. A revised conceptual framework developed from key findings of environmental influences on the NGESS also offers a theoretical basis for further research. 111 DECLARATION - I certify tµat this thesis does not, to the best of my knowledge and belief: (i) incorporate without acknowledgment any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any institution of higher educ·ation; (ii) contain any material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text; or (iii) contain.any defamatory material. I also grant permission for the Library at Edith Cowan University to make duplicate copies of my thesis as required. Signa ·· Date: .... 0/....... ?..( ....... 0..~.. °/ ..... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would never have been completed without the guidance and support of many people, both personal and professional. I would like to take this opportunity to thank each and every one of them for their valuable contribution. I must first gratefully acknowledge the constant support from my two supervisors, Associate Professor Kandy James and Dr Sue Colyer, who have been the central to the completion of this thesis. Their patience and encouragement made ·me feel I was making progress and moving forward. Many thanks to Dr Ruth Sibson and Dr Greg Maguire for taking time to read the final draft and provided valuable suggestions. Thanks must also be conveyed to Dr Lynn Embrey for her assistance during the initial proposal stage and Dr Susan Hill and Dr Danielle Brandy for their kindness in providing technical input. Special thanks are extended to all members of the Delphi panels from Australia and Taiwan. They generously provided their time .to participate and complete the questionnaires of the Delphi surveys. Their contribution and involvement provided valuable knowledge and insight into the dimensions of national Olympic success. I am also thankful to Mr Mark Peters of the Australian Sports Commission for taking time to read through part of my work and offering valuable information and comments. I must also acknowledge the support I received from the staff of the NCPFS in Taiwan. Especially, I am thankful for the assistance provided by Mr. Hung Chi-Chang and Mr. Fan Rai-Wen for their input during the data collection process. I would like to express appreciation to Professor Peter Chen and Mrs Chen who hold a special place in my heart. Without their inspiration and encouragement, it is doubtful whether I would have started my doctoral journey and continued on to fulfil the ambition of completing a PhD. I must also thank some special friends, Ivy, Julia, Sherry, and Sandy, for their ·good friendship and caring nature. Last, but not the least, the completion of the thesis would not have been possible without the support from my family - my sisters Hui-Ming and Hui-Mei, my brother Jiao-Jung, and my niece Xiao-Yi - for their enduring support and extended forbearance. I also wish to acknowledge my lovely dogs, Sheba and Kuma in Perth and Mai-mai in Taipei, who agreed to leave me alone when I needed quiet time and space to progress my work. v Dedication I dedicate this thesis to my late father Tang Rong-Hua, and my late sister, Tang Hui-Xun. I am sure they are still looking down, guiding me and keeping watch over ~e. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS USE OF THESIS ...................: ................................................................................................................... 11 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................. III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................. :................... V TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................................................... VII LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................... XI LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................ XII ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................. XIII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY .....................................................................................
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