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Federalizam, Ravnopravnost, Održivost BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA FEDERALIZAM, RAVNOPRAVNOST, ODRŽIVOST Studija preustroja BiH u cilju osiguravanja institucionalne jednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA FEDERALISM, EQUALITY, SUSTAINABILITY A study of BiH redesign to secure institutional equality of constituent peoples idpi Bosna i Hercegovina – federalizam, ravnopravnost, održivost Studija preustroja BiH u cilju osiguravanja institucionalne jednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINa – fEDERALISM, EQUALITY, SUSTAINABILITY A study of BiH redesign to secure institutional equality of constituent peoples Bosna i Hercegovina federalizam, ravnopravnost, održivost Studija preustroja BiH u cilju osiguravanja institucionalne jednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda Bosnia and Herzegovina FEDERALISM, EQUALITY, SUSTAINABILITY A study of BiH redesign to secure institutional equality of constituent peoples [1. izdanje] Izdavač / Publisher Institut za društveno-politička istraživanja (IDPI), Mostar Institute for social and political research (IDPI), Mostar Za izdavača / For publisher Josip Blažević Urednici / Editors Ivan Vukoja Milan Sitarski Prevoditelj / Translator Dr. sc. Dražen Pehar Prijelom sloga i dizajn naslovnice / Book layout and cover design www.CAKUMPAKUM.net Tisak / Print Grafotisak, Grude [Tisak dovršen u veljači 2016.] studija Je objavlJenA Uz fInAncijsku PotporU DržAvnoG Ureda zA Hrvate IzvAn republike Hrvatske. © IDPI ------------------------------------------------- CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i univerzitetska biblioteka Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 342.724:323.1(497.6) 342.4(497.6) 342.24(497.6) BOSNA i Hercegovina - federalizam, ravnopravnost, održivost : studija preustroja BiH u cilju osiguravanja institucionalne jednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda = Bosnia and Herzegovina : a study of BIH redesign to secure institutional equality of constituent peoples / [urednici Ivan Vukoja, Milan Sitarski ; prevoditelj Dražen Pehar]. - 1. izd. - Mostar : Institut za društveno-politička istraživanja, IDPI, 2016. - 405 str. : ilustr. ; 24 cm Tekst na hrv. i engl. jeziku. - Bibliografija: str. 401-403. ISBN 978-9958-9185-6-8 1. Up. stv. nasl. COBISS.BH-ID 22784774 ------------------------------------------------- Bosna i Hercegovina federalizam, ravnopravnost, održivost Studija preustroja BiH u cilju osiguravanja institucionalne jednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda Bosnia and Herzegovina FEDERALISM, EQUALITY, SUSTAINABILITY A study of BiH redesign to secure institutional equality of constituent peoples idpi Mostar, 2016. Sadržaj Sažetak ....................................................................................................................................... 11 1. UVOD ........................................................................................................................................ 14 1.1. Svrha studije ....................................................................................................................................................14 1.1.1. Definiranje problema ............................................................................................................................14 1.1.2. Radna hipoteza .....................................................................................................................................16 1.2. Metodologija ....................................................................................................................................................17 2. OpiS i geneza prOblema nejednakOpravnOSti kOnStitutivnih narOda u bih ............... 19 2.1. Povijesna dimenzija problema nejednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda u Bosni i Hercegovini .................19 2.1.1. Srednjovjekovni Bosna i Hum ...............................................................................................................19 2.1.2. Otomansko i Austrougarsko razdoblje..................................................................................................20 2.1.3. Prva Jugoslavija ...................................................................................................................................21 2.1.4. Drugi svjetski rat i SFRJ........................................................................................................................22 2.1.5. Disolucija SFRJ .....................................................................................................................................23 2.2. Bosna i Hercegovina od referenduma do Daytona ..........................................................................................25 2.2.1. Referendum ..........................................................................................................................................25 2.2.2. Ratna događanja ...................................................................................................................................26 2.2.3. Washingtonski sporazum ....................................................................................................................29 2.2.4. Daytonski sporazum ............................................................................................................................31 2.2.4.1. Osnovne značajke daytonskog ustroja BiH ...............................................................................32 2.3. Postdaytonsko redefiniranje političkog sustava i ustavno-pravnog okvira BiH ..............................................36 2.3.1. Uloga i utjecaj međunarodne zajednice ...............................................................................................36 2.3.1.1. Utjecaj geopolitičkih silnica na suvremenu BiH ........................................................................37 2.3.2. Institucija OHR-a ..................................................................................................................................38 2.3.3. Odluka Ustavnog suda BiH o konstitutivnosti naroda: stvaranje pravnih preduvjeta za dekonstituiranje Hrvata u BiH ...............................................................................................................40 2.3.3.1. Pokušaj narušavanja temeljnih načela Ustava razdvajanjem pojma konstitutivnosti naroda od entiteta .................................................................................................................................41 2.3.3.2. Dezavuiranje mehanizama institucionalne zaštite jednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda ...43 2.3.3.3. Nagovještaji daljnje političke zlouporabe i instrumentalizacije Odluke ....................................45 2.3.4. »Barryjevi amandmani«: uvod u dekonstituiranje Hrvata u BiH i hrvatske reakcije ..............................46 2.3.5. »Petritschevi amandmani«: suštinsko dekonstituiranje Hrvata u FBiH ................................................48 2.3.5.1. Promjene sastava Doma naroda Parlamenta FBiH i ugrožavanje reprezentativnosti zastupanja konstitutivnih naroda u tom tijelu ...........................................................................49 2.3.5.2. Ugrožavanje reprezentativnosti konstitutivnih naroda u Domu naroda Parlamenta FBiH »izbornim inženjeringom« .........................................................................................................51 2.3.5.3. Uvođenje »pripadničke demokracije« umjesto predstavničke demokracije i ukidanje ravnopravnosti domova Parlamenta FBiH .................................................................................52 2.3.6. Presuda Europskog suda za ljudska prava u slučaju »Sejdić-Finci« i pregovori o njenoj implementaciji ......................................................................................................................................53 2.3.6.1. Razmatrani modeli provođenja presude i odjeci debate o njima u domaćoj i međunarodnoj političkoj javnosti ......................................................................................................................56 2.3.6.2. Perspektive provođenja presude ...............................................................................................58 2.3.7. Rezolucija Europskog parlamenta i Izvještaj međunarodne krizne skupine ........................................59 2.3.8. Njemačko-britanska inicijativa .............................................................................................................60 2.3.9. Društvene posljedice opisanih političkih procesa: projekcije demografskog razvoja BiH i njegovih dugoročnih političkih implikacija ..........................................................................................................62 2.4. Primjeri nejednakopravnosti konstitutivnih naroda s posebnim osvrtom na Hrvate kao najmalobrojniji konstitutivni narod u BiH .................................................................................................................................64 2.4.1. Uzurpiranje dužnosti hrvatskog člana Predsjedništva BiH ...................................................................64 2.4.2. Dom naroda ..........................................................................................................................................65 2.4.3. Vlada FBiH ...........................................................................................................................................68 2.4.3.1. Sastav i način rada Vlade .........................................................................................................68 2.4.3.2. Odnos Vlade FBiH prema županijama ......................................................................................70
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