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Indigenous Peoples Plan Philippines: Expanded Social Assistance Project

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Indigenous Peoples Plan Philippines: Expanded Social Assistance Project Expanded Social Assistance Project (RRP PHI 52257-001) Indigenous Peoples Plan November 2019 (Draft) Philippines: Expanded Social Assistance Project Prepared by the Department of Social Welfare and Development for the Asian Development Bank. This indigenous peoples plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 November 2019) Currency unit – peso (₱) ₱1.00 = $0.0197 $1.00 = ₱50.7220_____ ABBREVIATIONS 4Ps – Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program ADB – Asian Development Bank ALS – Alternative Learning System CCT – Conditional Cash Transfer CF – Community Facilitators CFDS – Community Family Development Sessions DepEd – Department of Education DoH – Department of Health DSWD – Department of Social Welfare and Development ESAP – Expanded Social Assistance Project FDS – Family Development Sessions FGD – Focus Group Discussions FPIC – Free Prior Informed Consent GIDA – Geographically Isolated Disadvantaged Area GRS – Grievance Redress System ICC – Indigenous Cultural Communities IEC – Information-Education-Communication IKSP – Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Practices IP – Indigenous Peoples IPP – Indigenous Peoples Plan IPRA – Indigenous Peoples Rights Act LGU – Local Government Unit MCCT – Modified Conditional Cash Transfer MIS – Management Information System ML – Municipal Links M&E – Monitoring and Evaluation NCIP – National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NEDA – National Economic and Development Authority NPMO – National Project Management Office RCCT – Regular Conditional Cash Transfer RPC – Regional Program Coordinator RPMO – Regional Project Management Office SLP – Sustainable Livelihood Program SPS – Safeguards Policy Statement SSI – Support Services Intervention TA – Technical Assistance TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 I. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 4 A. Background 4 B. Project Description 4 C. Objectives of the Indigenous Peoples Plan 7 II. LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK 8 A. Legal and Institutional Framework 8 III. SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 11 A. Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines 11 B. Distribution of Indigenous Household Beneficiaries 13 C. Understanding the Experience of Indigenous Peoples in 4Ps 13 D. Level of Vulnerability and Risks Experienced by Indigenous Peoples in 4Ps 18 E. Perceptions of Indigenous Peoples in RCCT and MCCT-IP 22 IV. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION 24 A. Consultation and Participation During IPP Preparation 24 B. Key Issues Critical for the Design of a Culturally Appropriate CCT for IPs 27 C. Consultation and Participation Mechanisms during Program Implementation 29 D. Information Disclosure 30 V. PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 31 A. Project Impacts on Indigenous Beneficiaries 31 B. Unanticipated Project Impacts on Indigenous Peoples’ Culture 35 C. Action Plan to Ensure Culturally Appropriate CCT in the Context of IPs 37 VI. CAPACITY BUILDING 42 A. Capacity Building for the Executing Agency 43 B. Capacity Building for Indigenous Beneficiaries 43 VII. CULTURALLY APPROPRIATE GRIEVANCE REDRESS SYSTEM 44 VIII. MONITORING, REPORTING, AND EVALUATION 45 IX. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 49 X. BUDGET AND FINANCING 50 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: The RCCT and MCCT-IP Program Design ..................................................................23 Table 2: Activities Conducted in Davao and Bukidnon ..............................................................25 Table 3: Activities Conducted in Palawan ..................................................................................26 Table 4: Potential Positive and Negative Impacts of the 4Ps on Indigenous Peoples ................31 Table 5: Culturally Appropriate Strategies in Fulfilling 4Ps Conditionalities that Fit the Situation, Needs, and Aspirations of IPs ...................................................................................................39 Table 6: Estimated Maximum Timelines for Complaint Resolution ............................................45 Table 7: Monitoring Indicators ...................................................................................................46 Table 8: Mitigation Process Indicators .......................................................................................47 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. The project will support the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), a government program that provides cash grants to poor households conditional on their compliance to the following program requirements: (i) children must maintain an 85% attendance rate in school, receive regular preventive health and nutrition services including check-ups and vaccinations, and receive deworming pills at least twice a year; (ii) pregnant women must avail of pre- and post- natal care, with their births attended to by a professional health worker; and (iii) parents or guardians are required to participate in monthly community-based Family Development Sessions (FDS) to learn about positive child discipline, disaster preparedness, and women’s rights. 2. Of the 15.4% or 643,402 4Ps beneficiaries who are indigenous peoples (IPs), 74% are from Mindanao, 23% from Luzon, and 3% from the Visayas. The program is expected to have positive impacts for IPs by providing additional cash income that will help support their children’s education. It will also allow them to avail of health services, and enhance their acceptance of and participation in the national immunization program. Improved targeting and program monitoring will ensure that indigenous households are included, and will benefit from the various social programs available. Community and Family Development Sessions (CFDS) provide a venue for indigenous communities to learn about their individual and collective rights in addition to topics related to health, food security, and livelihood. They serve as an opportunity for communities to discuss issues affecting their cultural, economic, and social wellbeing. 3. Action Plan to Ensure Culturally Appropriate Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) in the Context of IPs. This Indigenous Peoples Plan (IPP) provides guidance to guarantee culturally appropriate program implementation for indigenous beneficiaries and to develop measures to minimize and mitigate any unavoidable adverse impacts. The goal is to ensure indigenous beneficiaries receive social and economic benefits that are culturally appropriate and gender responsive. The action points under the IPP are to: (i) Ensure that the ongoing Listahanan 3 will cover the current list of IP beneficiaries and will reach out to geographically isolated and difficult areas (GIDA) where many indigenous peoples reside; (ii) Strengthen collaboration with supply side agencies (DepEd and DoH and local government unit [LGUs]) to ensure that culture sensitive approaches are adopted in providing services to indigenous beneficiaries and that appropriate interventions are utilized as necessary (DepEd’s alternative learning modules and integration of IP curriculum and DoH’s balancing of good health practices with traditional health and birthing practices); (iii) Facilitate meaningful participation of IPs through separate Community Family Development Sessions (CFDS) and other consultation mechanisms; (iv) Support the capacity development of partner institutions (DoH, DepEd, LGUs), program staff and beneficiaries (the latter through CFDS) in culture and gender sensitivity, developing and providing tools, information-education-communication (IEC) materials and modules that further promote culture and gender sensitivity; (v) Ensure that indigenous beneficiaries can effectively access the grievance redress system; (vi) Mapping and profiling to identify and better understand the situation and needs of IP beneficiaries. 4. In addition, the following measures will also be integrated: (i) the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) will be included in the technical working group of the National Advisory Council of Pantawid to ensure that their views are reflected in program implementation; 2 (ii) the ratio of staff to beneficiaries in IP areas will be higher than in non-IP areas, given the difficulty in reaching these locations and the particular needs of IP beneficiaries. Targeted recruitment of municipal links who will be assigned in the IP areas will ensure they possess the appropriate attitude, sensitivity, and commitment to work with indigenous communities in the project areas; (iii) in locations where IPs are a minority, separate CFDS sessions will be conducted to ensure they are able to voice their concerns and needs; and (iv) support service interventions, especially livelihood, which is a component of the current modified conditional cash transfer (MCCT) program, will continue to be available to indigenous beneficiaries. 5. Capacity Building. The project will utilize a two-pronged capacity building strategy. The first is to enhance the capacity of the executing agency so program staff fully appreciate the issues facing indigenous peoples issues and the vital role of indigenous knowledge systems and practices (IKSP) with regard to indigenous education and indigenous beliefs and health practices. The ADB’s
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