PUBLIC PLANNING PERFECT SERVICES ALONG LINE FOR PASSENGERS AND PARTNERS

Sonal Ahuja www.ptvgroup.com Riyadh 10h November 2013 TRAFFIC SOFTWARE

www.ptvgroup.com page 2 WHY DO WE NEED MODELS? TO ESTIMATE EFFECTS OF

. new road infrastructure . Public Transport supply changes H

. new New . demographical developments Commercial changes zone

. mobility pricing (toll, parking) . Changes in Super 1 9 9 fuel costs , Maut Diesel 1 9 5 Peage , . regulative actions

www.ptvgroup.com page 3 TRANSPORT MODELS – WHY DO WE NEED MODELS?

Tools are necessary to support efficient investments into the transport systems to support achieving planning targets

 Knowledge of the current situation • counting volumes are restricted to separated points • models cover the whole network  Forecast ability • Estimation techniques as e.g. trend extrapolation are not precise enough. They cannot respect realistic reaction on impacts caused by several factors ( demographic, price structure , land use, infrastructure...)

 Conclusions:  decisions concerning traffic problems should be based on models  good models must be carefully calibrated and validate with empirical data

www.ptvgroup.com page 4 Use cases: public transport planning with PTV Visum

PTV Visum supports users perfectly in many tasks:

1. Basic Analysis

2. Demand Matrix Analysis

3. Route, Network and Service Planning

4. Network and Service Analysis

5. Estimating the Number of Vehicles Required

6. Performance Indicators

7. Modeling of Fare Systems

8. Line Cost and Revenue Calculation

9. Joint Analysis of external Data

10. Use Cases

www.ptvgroup.com 11. Integration in planning process page 5

TRANSPORT MODELS PTV AG – SELECTION

 Transport Model Region  Transport Model Region Munic  Transport Model Rhein-Main (Francfort, 10 Mio Pop)  Transport Model (5 Mio Pop)  Transport Model Region  Transport Model Region CologneTransport Model Kanton Zürich  Model for Transport for London (TfL)  Transport Model for (80 Mio)  Several Models in  Transport Model United Arabic Emirates (8 Mio)  Transport Model Emirate of Dubai  Transport Model State of Qatar  Transport Model Kingdom of Bahrain  Transport Model for Beijing (BTRC)  ..

www.ptvgroup.com page 6 TRANSPORTATION MODELLING

Macroscopic model, Microscopic model, Strategic planning operational planning

www.ptvgroup.com page 7 GENERAL MODEL APPROACH - MODEL WORK FLOW

Step1 PrT-Model Skims PuT-Model > Travel Time > Walk Time > Wait Time > No. of Transfers > Railbonus

Step 2 Passenger Demand Travel Time Car Matrix PrT Commercial Trips Not achieved (Car &LGV, HGV) Check PrT Assignment Convergence Additional Matrices (PrT, PuT) achieved

Matrixcorrection Assignment PuT and Step 3 (TFlowFuzzy) PrT (Equilibrium with a convergence level)

www.ptvgroup.com page 8 INTRODUCTION

Macro-simulation vs Micro-simulation

Characteristics:

- Operational level; - Represent individual vehicles; - Unit time - Second;

VISSIM - Vehicles are packed in platoons; - Unit time – Variable;

- Strategically level; - Hydrodynamic analogy - Density - Volume - Velocity

www.ptvgroup.com page 9 MORE THAN 1,000 CUSTOMERS WOLRDWIDE TRUST IN PTV VISUM

Comprehensive PuT planning tool - Demand-oriented network and service planning - Comprehensive analysis and comprehensible display functions

Integration - Data transfer interfaces (Maps, scheduling systems, AFC, AVL, APC, MS Office) - Shared platform for transport associations and operators PTV Visum Efficiency - Consistency in data storage and scenario management - Fast model-setup

World‘s leading software - Strong services (training, documentation & support in many languages) - State of scientific knowledge

www.ptvgroup.com page 10 TRANSPORT SUPPLY: POTENTIAL DATA SOURCES

Import from free web sources

 OPENSTREETMAP PUBLIC TRANSPORT SUPPLY AND  GOOGLE TRANSIT DEMAND ANALYSES

Importer and exporter  HAFAS, DIVA, RAILML© … PTV VISUM AS PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATION  SATURN, CUBE, DATA HUB OPTIMIZATIONS TRANSCAD, EMME

Open data format  CONVERT TO ACCESS, ASCI AND MANY OTHER  IMPORT FROM APPLICATIONS… EXCEL, ASCI, …

www.ptvgroup.com page 11 2. ANALYSING TRANSPORT DEMAND

Where to get transport demand data from?

Demand Automated model Passenger generated Count Ticket sales data

Onboard e-ticketing Survey (smart card) data Commuter Students flows data

www.ptvgroup.com page 12 INPUT DATA

Aktivitätenübergänge "Arbeit - Wohnen"

40%

35%

AqW 30% AeW

25% AsW

AtW 20% WqA

15% WeA WsA 10% WtA

5%

0% 0 5 10 15 20

Uhrzeit

Network Data Landuse Data Behavioural Data PuT/PrT Population, workplaces, ...

Multimodal Transportation Model

www.ptvgroup.com page 13 1 3 INPUT DATA: NETWORK SUPPLY

Possible sources to build network models PrT Network model • Manual creation: Using maps as background (Bing Maps, OpenStreetmap, Googlemaps) • Available digital data bases (import via shape files (GIS)) • Commercial digital maps (NavTeq, TomTom) • Data from Open Source data bases (OpenStreetmap)  OSM Importer in VISUM 12.5 !

www.ptvgroup.com page 14 INPUT DATA: NETWORK SUPPLY

Possible sources to build network models PuT Network model • RailML • DIVA, DIVA/Geo • HAFAS • Google transit • Databases -> VISUM net files

www.ptvgroup.com page 15 INPUT DATA: POPULATION AND LAND USE DATA

Possible sources for land use data Statistical agencies Private data suppliers (e.g. Infas Geodaten) Internet search • Company/city websites • Satellite images

Time-consuming

www.ptvgroup.com page 16 INPUT DATA: BEHAVIORAL DATA

ERSTER WEG ZWEITER WEG DRITTER WEG VIERTER WEG FÜNFTER WEG SECHSTER WEG SIEBTER WEG Um wieviel UHR haben Beginn Beginn Beginn Beginn Beginn Beginn Beginn Sie diesen Weg (Uhrzeit) (Uhrzeit) (Uhrzeit) (Uhrzeit) (Uhrzeit) (Uhrzeit) (Uhrzeit) begonnen? Best practice: Household survey ZIEL/ZWECK ZIEL/ZWECK ZIEL/ZWECK ZIEL/ZWECK ZIEL/ZWECK ZIEL/ZWECK ZIEL/ZWECK zum Arbeitsplatz zum Arbeitsplatz zum Arbeitsplatz zum Arbeitsplatz zum Arbeitsplatz zum Arbeitsplatz zum Arbeitsplatz dienstlich/geschäftlich dienstlich/geschäftlich dienstlich/geschäftlich dienstlich/geschäftlich dienstlich/geschäftlich dienstlich/geschäftlich dienstlich/geschäftlich Ausbildung/Schule Ausbildung/Schule Ausbildung/Schule Ausbildung/Schule Ausbildung/Schule Ausbildung/Schule Ausbildung/Schule  Local data Zu welchem ZIEL bzw. ZWECK haben Sie den Einkauf (täglicher Bedarf) Einkauf (täglicher Bedarf) Einkauf (täglicher Bedarf) Einkauf (täglicher Bedarf) Einkauf (täglicher Bedarf) Einkauf (täglicher Bedarf) Einkauf (täglicher Bedarf) Weg unternommen? Einkauf (sonstiger Bedarf) Einkauf (sonstiger Bedarf) Einkauf (sonstiger Bedarf) Einkauf (sonstiger Bedarf) Einkauf (sonstiger Bedarf) Einkauf (sonstiger Bedarf) Einkauf (sonstiger Bedarf) Vergessen Sie private Erledigung private Erledigung private Erledigung private Erledigung private Erledigung private Erledigung private Erledigung  Information on all models steps per die Wege nach Freizeit, und zwar Freizeit, und zwar Freizeit, und zwar Freizeit, und zwar Freizeit, und zwar Freizeit, und zwar Freizeit, und zwar Hause nicht ! activity and person group Sonstiges, und zwar Sonstiges, und zwar Sonstiges, und zwar Sonstiges, und zwar Sonstiges, und zwar Sonstiges, und zwar Sonstiges, und zwar nach Hause nach Hause nach Hause nach Hause nach Hause nach Hause nach Hause • Frequency of activity chains VERKEHRSMITTEL VERKEHRSMITTEL VERKEHRSMITTEL VERKEHRSMITTEL VERKEHRSMITTEL VERKEHRSMITTEL VERKEHRSMITTEL nur zu Fuß nur zu Fuß nur zu Fuß nur zu Fuß nur zu Fuß nur zu Fuß nur zu Fuß

zu Fuß zum zu Fuß zum zu Fuß zum zu Fuß zum zu Fuß zum zu Fuß zum zu Fuß zum • Trip lengths Verkehrsmittel Verkehrsmittel Verkehrsmittel Verkehrsmittel Verkehrsmittel Verkehrsmittel Verkehrsmittel Fahrrad Fahrrad Fahrrad Fahrrad Fahrrad Fahrrad Fahrrad Welche(s) VERKEHRS- MITTEL haben Sie auf Motorrad/Moped/Mofa Motorrad/Moped/Mofa Motorrad/Moped/Mofa Motorrad/Moped/Mofa Motorrad/Moped/Mofa Motorrad/Moped/Mofa Motorrad/Moped/Mofa dem Weg benutzt? • Destination choice Pkw als Fahrer Pkw als Fahrer Pkw als Fahrer Pkw als Fahrer Pkw als Fahrer Pkw als Fahrer Pkw als Fahrer Geben Sie bitte alle be- Pkw als Mitfahrer Pkw als Mitfahrer Pkw als Mitfahrer Pkw als Mitfahrer Pkw als Mitfahrer Pkw als Mitfahrer Pkw als Mitfahrer nutzten Verkehrsmittel an Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus Bus • Mode choice Straßenbahn, U-Bahn Straßenbahn, U-Bahn Straßenbahn, U-Bahn Straßenbahn, U-Bahn Straßenbahn, U-Bahn Straßenbahn, U-Bahn Straßenbahn, U-Bahn

Nahverkehrszug Nahverkehrszug Nahverkehrszug Nahverkehrszug Nahverkehrszug Nahverkehrszug Nahverkehrszug !

Fernverkehrszug Fernverkehrszug Fernverkehrszug Fernverkehrszug Fernverkehrszug Fernverkehrszug Fernverkehrszug n

e

d

n

e w

zu Fuß zum Ziel zu Fuß zum Ziel zu Fuß zum Ziel zu Fuß zum Ziel zu Fuß zum Ziel zu Fuß zum Ziel zu Fuß zum Ziel r

e v Direct statistical analyses Wo lag das ZIEL? n

ZIELADRESSE ZIELADRESSE ZIELADRESSE ZIELADRESSE ZIELADRESSE ZIELADRESSE ZIELADRESSE e

g

o

B

(Straße, Haus-Nr.) (Straße, Haus-Nr.) (Straße, Haus-Nr.) (Straße, Haus-Nr.) (Straße, Haus-Nr.) (Straße, Haus-Nr.) (Straße, Haus-Nr.) n e

Input for parameter estimations r

e

e l

(PLZ/Stadtteil, Ort) (PLZ/Stadtteil, Ort) (PLZ/Stadtteil, Ort) (PLZ/Stadtteil, Ort) (PLZ/Stadtteil, Ort) (PLZ/Stadtteil, Ort) (PLZ/Stadtteil, Ort) ,

Wieviele Personen n e haben Sie auf diesem r BEGLEITPERSONEN BEGLEITPERSONEN BEGLEITPERSONEN BEGLEITPERSONEN BEGLEITPERSONEN BEGLEITPERSONEN BEGLEITPERSONEN e

Weg BEGLEITET? d n

unter 6 Jahre unter 6 Jahre unter 6 Jahre unter 6 Jahre unter 6 Jahre unter 6 Jahre unter 6 Jahre a

n

ab 6 Jahre ab 6 Jahre ab 6 Jahre ab 6 Jahre ab 6 Jahre ab 6 Jahre ab 6 Jahre e

n i

Other options: e

Falls Sie mit dem Pkw e t

PARKGEBÜHREN PARKGEBÜHREN PARKGEBÜHREN PARKGEBÜHREN PARKGEBÜHREN PARKGEBÜHREN PARKGEBÜHREN t

gefahren sind: Wieviel i b haben Sie für das Euro, Cent Euro, Cent Euro, Cent Euro, Cent Euro, Cent Euro, Cent Euro, Cent

Parken BEZAHLT? , , , , , , , e g

 Nation-wide surveys e Ankunft (Uhrzeit) Ankunft (Uhrzeit) Ankunft (Uhrzeit) Ankunft (Uhrzeit) Ankunft (Uhrzeit) Ankunft (Uhrzeit) Ankunft (Uhrzeit)

Um wieviel UHR sind W

Sie dort angekommen? e

r

e t Schätzen Sie bitte die Entfernung (geschätzt) Entfernung (geschätzt) Entfernung (geschätzt) Entfernung (geschätzt) Entfernung (geschätzt) Entfernung (geschätzt) Entfernung (geschätzt) i ENTFERNUNG dieses e  Regional surveys m m m m m m m w

km km km km km km km

Weges r nächster Weg: nächste Spalte nächster Weg: nächste Spalte nächster Weg: nächste Spalte nächster Weg: nächste Spalte nächster Weg: nächste Spalte nächster Weg: nächste Spalte ü Bitte wenden ! F  PTV AG www.ptvgroup.com page 17

MODEL SEGMENTATION – PERSON GROUPS

„Non employed“ Income used for Students by age segmentation „mommy taxi“ Several senior groups

www.ptvgroup.com page 18 MODEL SEGMENTATION - POPULATION GROUPS EXAMPLE KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN No Shortage Name No Shortage Name 1 BAPCO BAPCO staff 19 B_ms2p Bahraini male private secondary school students  Nationality (Locals, Expats, 2 BM Bahrain military staff 20 B_ms3 Bahraini male university students 3 B_fh Bahraini Female (High Household 21 E_fh+c Expatriate Female (High Household Labourers) Income Equivalent) Income Equivalent) with car available 4 B_fl+c Bahraini Female (Low Household 22 E_fh-c Expatriate Female (High Household  Income (High, Medium Low) Income Equivalent) with car Income Equivalent) without car available available  Gender 5 B_fl-c Bahraini Female (Low Household 23 E_fl Expatriate Female (Low Household Income Equivalent) without car Income Equivalent) available  Car Availability 6 B_fm Bahraini Female (Medium 24 E_fm Expatriate Female (Medium Household Household Income Equivalent) Income Equivalent)  Type of school (private, public, 7 B_fs1g Bahraini female government primary 25 E_mh Expatriate Male (High Household school students Income Equivalent) primary, secondary, University) 8 B_fs1p Bahraini female private primary 26 E_ml Expatriate Male (Low Household school students Income Equivalent) 9 B_fs2g Bahraini female government 27 E_mm Expatriate Male (Medium Household secondary school students Income Equivalent) 10 B_fs2p Bahraini female private secondary 28 E_s1g Expatriate government primary school school students students 11 B_fs3 Bahraini female university students 29 E_s1p Expatriate private primary school students 12 B_mh Bahraini Male (High Household 30 E_s2g Expatriate government secondary Income Equivalent) school students 13 B_ml+c Bahraini Male (Low Household 31 E_s2p Expatriate private secondary school Income Equivalent) with car students available 14 B_ml-c Bahraini Male (Low Household 32 E_s3 Expatriate university students Income Equivalent) without car available 15 B_mm Bahraini Male (Medium Household 33 L Labourer Income Equivalent) 16 B_ms1g Bahraini male government primary 34 UM US military staff school students 17 B_ms1p Bahraini male private primary school 35 V_b Visitor Business students 18 B_ms2g Bahraini male government 36 V_l Visitor Leisure secondary school students

www.ptvgroup.com page 19 ANALYSIS OF DENSITIES

Metropolitan Densities Land Use Scenario 12 km „Ultimate Capacity‟ 10 km

8 km

6 km 5 km 4 km 3 km 2 km 1 km

www.ptvgroup.com page 20 CORRIDOR ANALYSIS

Based on intersecting links with Metropolitan Activities (corridor width of 300m) => Foot Access Coverage

Metro Activities Points of Interest <= 50,000 H Hospital <= 100,000 R Retail / Shopping <= 150,000 U <= 200,000 University / College <= 250,000 L Leisure & Sports <= 300,000 L Recreation <= 400,000 T Transport > 400,000

www.ptvgroup.com page 21 VALIDATION FRAMEWORK

> Screen-lines, link count data, PuT count data Assign- ment > Mode choice per person group Mode choice > Trip length per mode

> Trip lengths per activity Destination choice > Trip distribution

> No. of trips per Trip generation person groups

www.ptvgroup.com page 22 VALIDATION: ASSIGNMENT (SCREENLINES)

www.ptvgroup.com page 23 1. BASIC ANALYSIS

Basic data platform for land use data  Zones, including number of inhabitants and employees  Locating of relevant points of interest

Analysis of metropolitan densities  For each planning zone, calculate the number of inhabitants and employees per hectare to identify areas worth to be served by pt

Corridor analysis Intersecting links with metropolitan activities to identify number of inhabitants and employees within a defined corridor width, for example 300 m

Stop catchment areas To identify service gaps and evaluate area coverage

www.ptvgroup.com page 24 AREA COVERAGE

Stop Catchment Area radius presents acceptable distance to stop Identify relevant zones with and without service

Catchment Area can be intersected with inhabitants per zone to determine potential of passengers

www.ptvgroup.com page 25 25 2. ANALYSING TRANSPORT DEMAND

Sources of O-D Relations Passenger survey E-ticketing data (smartcard) Demand model

Volume and Structure of O-D Relations Display total volumes per zone Analyse structure of matrix by displaying volumes of selected relations, based on aggregated matrix

Identify volumes of potential corridors By Shortest Path Assignment of total demand or demand of selected modes to identify desired routes, basic network required only

www.ptvgroup.com page 26 2. ANALYSING TRANSPORT DEMAND

Desire Lines to display structure and volumes of O-D relations, typically based on an aggregated matrix (main zones)

www.ptvgroup.com page 27 2. ANALYSING TRANSPORT DEMAND

Number of trips > per zone > per O-D relation

www.ptvgroup.com page 28 28 2. ANALYSING TRANSPORT DEMAND

Identify relevant public transport corridors and links based on • Basic network structure • (Total) Demand matrix • Shortest Path Assignment

Volumes in Person-trips/day, classified

<= 50,000 <= 100,000 > 100,000

www.ptvgroup.com page 29 3. ROUTE AND NETWORK PLANNING

Generate a basic network Locating stops, generating links, estimating run times (time profile) Generate and modify routes interactively extend / shorten lines, modify routing (sequences of stops), combine two radial lines to a diameter line, … Computer aided design of routes Based on link network, demand matrix and special tool

Define headways and create a timetable > in tabular form, display in tabular and graphical form > Assigning vehicle types to define capacity of lines

www.ptvgroup.com page 30 ROUTE AND NETWORK PLANNING

Basic road network of nodes and links

www.ptvgroup.com page 31 ROUTE AND NETWORK PLANNING Background layer Aerial Photograph

www.ptvgroup.com page 32 3 2 ROUTE AND NETWORK PLANNING

Comprehensive data structure, for example stops as it is also used in scheduling and passenger information systems

Stop I I Stop Area(s) I I Stop Point(s)

www.ptvgroup.com page 33 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Interactive generation and modification of routes Input a new line, extend / shorten lines, modify routing (sequences of stops)

The section marked … ... is re-routed automatically

www.ptvgroup.com page 34 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Option: Computer aided design of routes Based on link network, demand matrix and special tool

Basic network … ... and route options generated automatically

35 www.ptvgroup.com page 35 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING Option: Computer aided design of routes Planner accepts and modifies selected routes, step by step

www.ptvgroup.com page 36 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Time profiles are the basis for generating timetables Time profiles include the stop sequence, distance between stops and several run times and stop times

© PTV AG 2009

www.ptvgroup.com page 37 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Defining headways and creating a timetable Create timetable, defining departure times, reference stop and headways

© PTV AG 2009

www.ptvgroup.com page 38 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Definition of headways and creating a timetable Display in graphical form (Time-distance diagram)

www.ptvgroup.com page 39 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Planning and displaying connections Network and timetable based

www.ptvgroup.com page 40 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Planning and displaying connections Schematic Line Diagram (Spider web) for passenger information

www.ptvgroup.com page 41 ROUTE, NETWORK AND SERVICE PLANNING

Planning and displaying connections Schematic Line Diagram (Spider web)

www.ptvgroup.com page 42 IMPORT OF COUNT DATA

Special case: e-Ticketing with check-in only Number of passengers recorded when boarding

www.ptvgroup.com page 43 4. NETWORK AND SERVICE EVALUATION

Without explicit information on demand Based on network structure and timetable information

Analysis of assignment results for example passenger volumes per stop, per link, per route Display of volume-capacity ratio or passengers per trip in peak period to check plausibility of supply Analysis of flow bundles and of transfers Check if transfers can be avoided by re-routing lines

www.ptvgroup.com page 44 4. ROUTE AND NETWORK EVALUATION

Traveller‟s Itinerary

www.ptvgroup.com page 45 4. ROUTE AND NETWORK EVALUATION

Travel time isochrones

www.ptvgroup.com page 46 ROUTE AND NETWORK EVALUATION

Three types of public transport assignment “Simulating passenger‟s behaviour”

Transport system based • “All or nothing assignment”, passengers select the fastest route, no lines or headways required

Headway based • Instead of exact timetable, headways only are required • transfer wait time estimated based on mean headway, coordination of lines, passenger information available

Timetable based • Considers exact timetable • Options to take into account • Complex Fare system • Capacity restraint by volume-capacity ratio

www.ptvgroup.com page 47 ROUTE AND NETWORK EVALUATION

Number of passengers boarding and/or transferring Per day or per peak hour Presentation of volumes, broken down by classes, provides more transparency

www.ptvgroup.com page 48 ROUTE AND NETWORK EVALUATION Passenger volumes per link, per route For an average day, per peak period

© PTV AG 2009 49

www.ptvgroup.com page 49 ROUTE AND NETWORK EVALUATION

Volume-Capacity Ratio per time interval (dynamic approach) > per link, classified, to check utilisation of vehicles

26

www.ptvgroup.com page 50 ROUTE AND NETWORK EVALUATION

Flow bundles display passenger flows on selected network elements boarding, transfers at stops usage of links

These bundles help to identify important O-D relations

www.ptvgroup.com page 51 5. ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES REQUIRED

Number of vehicles required depends on The passenger volume and vehicle size The timetable, i.e. number of services Parameters such as minimum and maximum layover

Simple formula is not sufficient very often Number of vehicles required >= (run time 1 + run time 2 + layover 1 + layover 2) / headway

www.ptvgroup.com page 52 5. ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES REQUIRED

Optimisation procedures to support the planner

Map based automatic calculation of all required non revenue trips Basic system to solve task for pre-assigned vehicle types  Advanced system, based on flexible vehicle combination sets, to take into account passenger volume and/or limited vehicle resources

www.ptvgroup.com page 53 5. ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES REQUIRED

Results of optimisation algorithm for block building Display results as block chart (Gantt diagram) Option to modify blocks interactively

www.ptvgroup.com page 54 5. ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES REQUIRED

Results of optimisation algorithm for block building Map based presentation of line blocks (vehicle services)

www.ptvgroup.com page 55 5. ESTIMATING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES REQUIRED

Vehicle deployment chart to display Time of day, number of vehicles, different block item types

www.ptvgroup.com page 56 6. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Large variety of key performance indicators to evaluate different scenarios from different points of view Passenger

Point of View Indicator VISUM's Contribution

Passenger Distance to stop Stop catchment area

Waiting time at station Based on service frequency

Travel time Based on service frequency, run time and waiting time

Number of transfers Based on routes available

Availability of Places, Seats Based on passenger volume, number od services, vehicle size

Price of trip Based on fare structure

Display of network Information available Information on timetable

www.ptvgroup.com page 57 6. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Large variety of key performance indicators: Passenger Stop catchment area, intersected with population per zone

Displayed: Number of Inhabitants per stop catchment area

www.ptvgroup.com page 58 6. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Large variety of key performance indicators to evaluate different scenarios from different points of view Operator

Point of View Indicator VISUM's Contribution Number of inhabitants, workers along a Operator route Based on zone related data Passenger volumes expected Demand matrix, passenger count Assignment result Number of services required Passenger volumes expected Vehicle size Passenger volumes expected Number and type of vehicles required Number of services, other parameters

Vehicle Kilometers, vehicle hours Length of lines, Run time, Number of services Cost of operation Mainly based on: • Number of vehicles • Vehicle kilometers, Vehicle hours Revenue expected Number of passengers Fare structure

www.ptvgroup.com page 59 6. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Large variety of key performance indicators: Operator Ridership, Vehicle kilometres and passenger kilometres per system to illustrate operational performance and transport performance

www.ptvgroup.com page 60 6. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Large variety of key performance indicators to evaluate different scenarios from different points of view  Transport commission, Authority

Point of View Indicator VISUM's Contribution

Passenger volumes expected Demand matrix, passenger count Authority Assignment result Tariff structure Zones or distances between stops Ticket types • price zone to zone per ticket type or • price per distance per ticket type Fare revenue expected Passenger volumes per ticket type per number of zones or per distance Optimal Network Number of passengers and transfers Cost per passenger Cost of operation Mainly based on: Number of vehicles Vehicle kilometers, Vehicle hours

Cost coverage Fare revenue, operating cost

www.ptvgroup.com page 61 6. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Performance indicators, broken down by territory

 User defined territories

 Exact calculation of all indicators, broken down by territory

www.ptvgroup.com page 62 7. FARE SYSTEM

Several complex fare systems can be modelled in one scenario  Zone based  Distance based

 From-zone-to-zone fare

 Short distance fare

. Different ticket types

. Different prices

City

Regional City

Long Distance

www.ptvgroup.com page 63 SCOPE OF THE FARE MODEL IN PTV VISUM

PT users

External data / Per trip ticket Choice model Season ticket

Demand segment Demand segment „Season ticket“ „Per Trip“

Ticket choice Ticket choice Usage frequency

Fare / Revenue Fare / Revenue

www.ptvgroup.com page 64 BASIC FARE STRUCTURES

Zone-based

Distance / Farepoint-based

www.ptvgroup.com page 65 DEMO: FARE SYSTEM GEOGRAPHY

1. Fare points 2. Fare zones (AddIn)

www.ptvgroup.com page 66 FEATURES OF THE FARE MODEL IN PTV VISUM

Several tickets per trip Multiple fare systems (operators, transit associations,…) parallel in on model 4 different Ticket types Different supplements etc

www.ptvgroup.com page 67 67 7. FARE SYSTEM

Four fare structures with different tickets and supplements

www.ptvgroup.com page 68 7. FARE SYSTEM

Rules define how to determine the price of a trip

Fare System City City Regional City (operator) Leg Rule (amount of tickets to be purchased) seperate 1 2 3 4 consecutive 1 2 3 all covered by 1 2 1

www.ptvgroup.com page 69 8. LINE COST AND REVENUE CALCULATION

Line costs include Vehicles and drivers Infrastructure • Links • Stops • Operator Cost unit rates

www.ptvgroup.com page 70 9. JOINT ANALYSIS INCLUDING EXTERNAL DATA

Import data from AVL/AVM and APC to PTV VISION

+ line id + scheduled arrival Per trip, per stop + service trip id + actual arrival + no. of pass. boarding + no. of pass. alighting + stop id + scheduled departure Per trip, per link + stop point id + actual departure + passenger volume

+ scheduled trip time Per link, line, for surveyed + actual trip time and all trips + passenger miles + punctuality + vehicle loading + speed, … + capacity provided / used, … => Linking strategic and operational planning with real-time application

www.ptvgroup.com page 71 9. JOINT ANALYSIS INCLUDING EXTERNAL DATA

Visualization of APC data in VISUM

Example Passenger volumes and seat capacity per link on surveyed trips

www.ptvgroup.com page 72 9. JOINT ANALYSIS INCLUDING EXTERNAL DATA

Disaggregated passenger volume per link per vehicle trip

Blue lines represent scheduled vehicle trips

Green bars represent the passenger volume counted

www.ptvgroup.com page 73 9. JOINT ANALYSIS INCLUDING EXTERNAL DATA

Displaying scheduled and surveyed trips to evaluate quality

Difference between scheduled and surveyed departure time

• Blue bar: too early • Red bar: behind schedule

www.ptvgroup.com page 74 10. USE CASES

Railway Deutsche Bahn AG Model of all trains and European Long distance services to evaluate timetable scenarios and infrastructure projects

ÖBB Austrian Railway – project SuperNova Model of all trains, regional buses and major local transport in to evaluate timetable scenarios and infrastructure projects

TransLink, Vancouver Multi-modal public transport model of entire region to study service and operating options for future scenarios, demand model calibrated based on APC data

www.ptvgroup.com page 75

11. Integration in planning process

How to maximise efficiency by integration? Different tasks are to be fulfilled Different systems with specific objectives

Production planning (scheduling), based on network and Network & service defined level of planning and service evaluation, based on land use and demand Production control and monitoring, based on scheduled timetable, vehicle and driver deployment

www.ptvgroup.com page 76 11. INTEGRATION IN PLANNING PROCESS

Specific Systems for well defined tasks

NN (Scheduling System) Updated timetables updated vehicle blocks - finalize working timetables, tt publication - finalize vehicle blocks - duty scheduling, driver rostering - Depot Management Routes VISUM (Planning & Evaluation) Draft Timetables final timetables Draft Vehicle Blocks - Analyse total and passenger demand final vehicle blocks final driver duties - Plan routes, frequencies - Plan draft timetables, vehicle blocks - Calculate cost coverage, utilisation, other KPIs AVM/ITCS System

- control daily operations Timetable realised - prepare daily reports APC data AFC data - collect passenger counting date (APC) - collect ticketing data (AFC)

www.ptvgroup.com page 77 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 78 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 79 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 80 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 81 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 82 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 83 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 84 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 85 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 86 PTV VISUM@GERMAN RAIL

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 87 NEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FOR RAILWAY USERS

Schematic Line Diagram Schematic Line Diagram  for passenger information  for connection planning

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 88 NEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FOR RAILWAY USERS

Display of arrivals and departures and passengers transferring at selected stations

www.ptvgroup.comDr. Peter Mott / PTV Visum @ German Rail page 89 MORE THAN 1,000 CUSTOMERS WOLRDWIDE TRUST IN PTV VISUM

www.ptvgroup.com page 90 PTV VISSIM – MICROSCOPIC SIMULATION

Passenger Flows in a station

www.ptvgroup.com page 91 More than 2,000 users worldwide

Branch Offices Thank you for your kind attention Customers

PTV Planning Transportation Visions. www.ptvgroup.comwww.ptvgroup.com page 92 Dr. Johannes Schlaich MBA www.ptvgroup.com , October 2012