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Propaganda Prabowo Subianto Dalam Film Sang Patriot

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Propaganda Prabowo Subianto Dalam Film Sang Patriot PROPAGANDA PRABOWO SUBIANTO DALAM FILM SANG PATRIOT Skripsi Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Komunikasi Islam (S.Kom.I) Oleh: Pandu Dewantara NIM: 1111051000039 FAKULTAS ILMU DAKWAH DAN ILMU KOMUNIKASI JURUSAN KOMUNIKASI DAN PENYIARAN ISLAM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH 2016 PROPAGANDA PRABOWO SUBIANTO DALAM FILM SANG PATRIOT Skripsi Diajukan kepada Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Komunikasi Islam (S.Kom.I) Oleh Pandu Dewantara NIM: 1111051000039 Di Bawah Bimbingan Dr. Suhaimi, M.Si NIP: 196709061994031002 JURUSAN KOMUNIKASI DAN PENYIARAN ISLAM FAKULTAS ILMU DAKWAH DAN ILMU KOMUNIKASI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2016 PENGESAHAN PANITIA UJIAN Skripsi berjudul PROPAGANDA PRABOWO SUBIANTO DALAM FILM SANG PATRIOT telah diujikan dalam sidang munaqasyah Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta pada 1 April 2016. Skripsi ini telah diterima sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Komunikasi Islam (S.KOM.I) pada jurusan Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam. Tangerang Selatan, 1 April 2016 Sidang Munaqasyah Ketua Sekertaris Dr. Roudhonah, M.Ag Ahmad Darda, M.Pd NIP: 195809101987032001 NIP: 198405152015031001 Anggota, Penguji I Penguji II Dr. Gun Gun Heryanto, M.Si Siti Nurbaya, M.Si NIP: 197608122005011005 NIP: 197908232009122002 Pembimbing Dr. Suhaimi, M.Si NIP: 196709061994031002 LEMBAR PERNYATAAN Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa: 1. Skripsi ini merupakan hasil karya asli saya yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu persyaratan memperoleh gelar strata 1 di UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2. Semua sumber yang saya gunakan dalam penulisan ini telah saya cantumkan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku di UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 3. Jika di kemudian hari terbukti bahwa karya ini bukan hasil karya asli saya atau merupakan hasil jiplakan dari karya orang lain, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi yang berlaku di UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Ciputat, 21 Maret 2016 Pandu Dewantara ABSTRAK Pandu Dewantara, NIM: 1111051000039 Propaganda Prabowo Subianto Dalam Film Sang Patriot Pemilu Presiden 2014 yang lalu berjalan dengan sangat menarik. Masing- masing kubu politik berjuang keras untuk memanfaatkan sektor media demi meraih dukungan suara. Salah satunya partai Gerindra yang memanfaatkan media elektronik melalui sebuah film. Melalui film sang patriot penonton disajikan berbagai cuplikan yang inspiratif dan positif mengenai Prabowo Subianto. Cuplikan yang disajikan kepada penonton tentu saja selalu mengandung makna- makna yang secara sengaja ingin disampaikan. Simbol propaganda dan tanda dalam sebuah karya melalui film menjadi suatu usaha yang unik dalam menyampaikan suatu informasi. Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas, maka penelitian ini menggunakan kajian semiotik Charles Sanders Peirce. Pada sembilan scene film sang patriot yang mengandung berbagai teknik propaganda. Peneliti merumuskan pertanyaan yakni: Bagaimana propaganda Prabowo Subianto melalui film sang patriot? Melihat konteks penelitian ini, tinjauan teoritis yang digunakan adalah semiotik Charles Sanders Peirce, yaitu dengan melihat makna atas tanda representamen, objek, dan interpretan. Tanda berdasarkan representamen dibagi menjadi qualisign, sinsign, dan legisign. Tanda berdasarkan objek dibagi menjadi ikon, indeks, dan simbol. Tanda berdasarkan interpretan dibagi menjadi rema, dicent, dan argumen. Selain itu juga dilengkapi dengan tinjauan teoritis mengenai propaganda dalam komunikasi politik untuk menentukan cuplikan mana yang mengandung teknik propaganda. Setelah menonton film sang patriot, maka kesimpulannya terdapat berbagai teknik propaganda yang dipraktikan dalam film sang patriot. Propaganda yang ditemukan pada film sang patriot, yakni teknik propaganda gemerlap (glittering generalities), pengalihan (transfer), pengakuan (testimonial), flain folks, memakai fakta (card stacking), dan pengikut (bandwagon). Kata kunci: Film sang patriot, semiotik, teknik propaganda, Prabowo Subianto, dan tanda. i KATA PENGANTAR Dengan menyebut nama Allah yang Maha Pengasih lagi Maha Penyayang. Segala puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT, yang telah melimpahkan rahmat, taufiq dan hidayah-Nya, sehingga memberikan kekuatan dan kesabaran dalam menghadapi tantangan dan hambatan dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini. Dengan segala usaha dan do’a, penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini dengan sebaik-baiknya. Shalawat serta salam selalu tercurah kepada baginda Nabi besar Muhammad SAW, sebagai risalah bagi seluruh umat Islam dan telah membawa perubahan bagi dunia. Dalam penulisan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari banyak terdapat kesalahan, kekurangan dan keterbatasan ilmu yang penulis miliki. Karena tanpa adanya semangat, doa dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak, penulis tidak dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan baik. Ini semua berkat arahan, bantuan, petunjuk serta motivasi yang diberikan kepada penulis. Untuk itu penulis ingin mengucapkan rasa hormat dan terima kasih yang tulus kepada: 1. Dr. Arief Subhan. M.A selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi beserta Dr. Suparto, M.Ed, MA selaku wakil Dekan I Bidang Akademik, Dr. Hj. Roudhonah, M.Ag selaku Wakil Dekan II Bidang Administrasi Umum, serta Dr. Suhaimi, M.Si selaku Wakil Dekan III Bidang Kemahasiswaan. 2. Drs. Masran, MA selaku ketua jurusan Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam dan Fita Fathurokhmah, M.Si selaku sekertaris jurusan Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam. ii 3. Dr. Suhaimi, M.Si selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi penulis yang telah bersedia meluangkan waktunya untuk membimbing dan memberikan arahan serta dorongan kepada penulis dan tak lupa memberikan inspirasi dan masukan yang sangat berharga kapada penulis dikala berkonsultasi, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini dengan baik. Semoga Allah membalas ketulusan beliau, Amin. 4. Bintan Humeira, S.Sos, M.Si sebagai dosen Penasehat Akademik yang telah meluangkan waktu dan pemikirannya untuk membantu dan memberikan arahan walaupun penulis bukanlah anak bimbingan skripsinya. 5. Para Dosen Fakultas Ilmu Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi yang teleh memberikan ilmu pengetahuan selama penulis melakukan studi. 6. Teruntuk kedua Orang Tua penulis yang tercinta, Bapak Herry Susanto dan Ibu Sri Hartati merawat dan mendidik penulis dengan penuh kasih sayang dan cinta, serta dengan kerja kerasnya dapat menyekolahkan penulis sampai perguruan tinggi. Terima kasih juga untuk doa-doa terbaik yang selalu dipanjatkan untuk penulis. Serta Kakakku Herdian Pertiwi dan adikku Hellen Rizky Amelia, atas dukungan dan motivasinya. 7. Terimakasih juga kepada Nofia Natasari dan Dewi Mauly yang selalu memberikan motivasi, semangat disaat penulis sedang kesulitan serta mau mendengarkan keluhan penulis dan tak pernah bosan menemani penulis selama penulisan skripsi ini. 8. Sahabat-sahabat terdekat penulis selama kuliah yakni Fansuri, Tomi, Nana, Ayu, Ica yang selalu tak pernah henti memberikan semangat kepada penulis iii untuk terus tidak pantang menyerah dalam menjalani perkuliahan di kelas dan selama pembuatan skripsi. 9. Terimakasih kepada seluruh teman-teman KPI B yang tidak bisa penulis sebutkan satu per satu, kalian selalu memberikan semangat dan motivasi kepada teman-teman yang masih berjuang dalam meraih kelulusan serta kalian selalu memberikan warna dalam masa studi penulis selama empat tahun ini, terimakasih canda dan tawa kalian tidak akan terlupakan. Semoga kalian tetap kompak dan sukses selalu. Jakarta, Maret 2016 Pandu Dewantara iv DAFTAR ISI ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................ i KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................. ii DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................. v DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................ viii BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang ......................................................................................... 1 B. Batasan dan Rumusan Masalah ................................................................ 6 C. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................ 6 D. Metodologi Penelitian .............................................................................. 7 E. Tinjauan Pustaka ...................................................................................... 10 F. Sistematika Penulisan .............................................................................. 12 BAB II KERANGKA TEORI A. Propaganda dalam Komunikasi Politik .................................................... 13 1. Pengertian Propaganda ....................................................................... 13 2. Perbedaan Propaganda dengan Kampanye ........................................ 16 3. Jenis-jenis Propaganda ....................................................................... 18 4. Teknik-teknik Propaganda ................................................................. 19 5. Prinsip Propaganda Melalui Media Massa ......................................... 21 B. Film .......................................................................................................... 23 1. Pengertian Film .................................................................................
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