Khmer Rouge Interrogator Feared for His Life July 15, 2009

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Khmer Rouge interrogator feared for his life July 15, 2009 Senior Khmer Rouge interrogator says even he feared the regime would kill him A senior interrogator at the most notorious Khmer Rouge prison told a genocide tribunal Wednesday that even he feared the regime would one day turn on him and order his execution. He testified at the trial of Kaing Guek Eav _ better known as Duch _ who headed the S- 21 prison in Phnom Penh. Up to 16,000 people were tortured under Duch's command and later taken away to be killed during the Khmer Rouge's 1975-1979 rule. Only a handful survived. The interrogator, 76-year-old Mam Nai, told the U.N.-backed court that he was overcome by fear when Duch (pronounced DOIK) stripped him of his main duties after prisoners said he had visited their homes _ socializing prohibited by the regime. Mam Nai said that regardless of their loyalty or high-rank, Khmer Rouge officials could be arrested and executed on suspicion of being traitors. Mam Nai himself was allegedly responsible for interrogating and torturing high-ranking members of the Communist Party of Kampuchea accused of plotting against the regime. An estimated 1.7 million Cambodians died of hunger, disease or were executed during the Khmer Rouge reign of terror in the mid-1970s. The regime was toppled by a Vietnamese invasion in 1979. "When Duch told me I was implicated and later removed me from my interrogation task, I was so worried that probably Duch no longer trusted me and he would find some kind of pretext to arrest me," Mam Nai said. In testimony Tuesday, he denied using torture to extract confessions from S-21 prisoners _ a stark contrast to Duch's earlier recitation of the grisly techniques routinely used. Duch, 66, is the first senior Khmer Rouge figure to face trial and the only one to acknowledge responsibility for his actions. He is charged with crimes against humanity. Senior leaders Khieu Samphan, Nuon Chea, Ieng Sary and Ieng Sary's wife, Ieng Thirith, are detained and are likely to face trial in the next year or two. Mam Nai said while at S-21 prison even his wife never knew of his work because the regime demanded that its members maintain total secrecy. .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

1 Former S-21 Interrogator Spent Years Eliciting
FORMER S-21 INTERROGATOR SPENT YEARS ELICITING PRISONER CONFESSIONS BUT APPEARS UNWILLING TO CONFESS TO ANYTHING HIMSELF July 14, 2009 By Laura MacDonald, Member of the New York Bar and Consultant to the Center for International Human Rights, Northwestern University School of Law Mam Nai (back row, far left) and Duch (back row, second from right) at an unknown location in Phnom Penh. Date is unknown. Courtesy of Documentation Center of Cambodia Preliminary Issues: Joint Criminal Enterprise, Self-Incrimination, and Seating Assignments Yesterday, the Trial Chamber adjourned the proceedings early after discovering that testifying witness Mam Nai, a former interrogator at Tuol Sleng prison (S-21), was not represented by legal counsel and desired counsel but could not afford it. This disturbing discovery came about when international defense counsel Francois Roux raised his 1 concern that the witness was at great risk of self-incrimination given the prosecution’s recent submission to the Chamber that Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) be applied as a mode of liability in the trial of Kaing Guek Eav (alias Duch). JCE is a controversial form of criminal liability that extends equal legal responsibility to all actors in a common criminal plan. The prosecution previously represented it would not prosecute Mam at the ECCC, but this does not guarantee against prosecution in national courts, which co-prosecutor William Smith called an “extremely remote possibility.” The Chamber announced recently it will rule on the application of JCE at the same time it rules on the merits of Duch’s case; thus, it is still an open issue.
[Show full text]
Ggácmnmu Rmhvisambaøkñúgtulakark C M
00325546 E1/17.1 ŪĮйŬď₧şŪ˝˝ņįОď ďĳ Њ ⅜₤Ĝ ŪĮйņΉ˝℮Ūĳ GgÁCMnMuC RmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Royaume du Cambodge Chambres Extraordinaires au sein des Tribunaux Cambodgiens Nation Religion Roi Β₣ðĄеĕНеĄŪņй⅜ŵřеĠР₣ Trial Chamber Chambre de première instance TRANSCRIPT OF PROCEEDINGS - “DUCH” TRIAL PUBLIC Case File Nº 001/18-07-2007-ECCC/TC 28 April 2009, 0930H Trial Day 13 Before the Judges: For the Civil Parties: NIL Nonn, Presiding HONG Kimsuon Silvia CARTWRIGHT TY Srinna YA Sokhan YUNG Phanit Jean-Marc LAVERGNE KIM Mengkhy THOU Mony Silke STUDZINSKY YOU Ottara (Reserve) Philippe CANONNE Claudia FENZ (Reserve) KONG Pisey For the Trial Chamber: Alain WERNER DUCH Phary SE Kolvuthy LIM Suy-Hong For Court Management Section: Matteo CRIPPA UCH Arun Natacha WEXELS-RISER For the Office of the Co-Prosecutors: TAN Senarong Alexander BATES PICH Sambath Stuart FORD PAK Chanlino For the Accused Person KAING GUEK EAV KAR Savuth Heleyn UÑAC 00325547 E1/17.1 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Trial Chamber - Trial Day 13 Case No. 001/18-07-2007-ECCC/TC KAING GUEK EAV 28/04/2009 Page i I N D E X WITNESSES THE ACCUSED, KAING GUEK EAV Questioning by Judge Lavergne resumes ....................................................................................... page 2 Questioning by Judge Thou Mony commences.............................................................................. page 18 Questioning by Mr. Tan Senarong commences.............................................................................. page 30 Questioning by Mr. Bates commences........................................................................................... page 40 00325548 E1/17.1 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Trial Chamber - Trial Day 13 Case No. 001/18-07-2007-ECCC/TC KAING GUEK EAV 28/04/2009 Page ii List of Speakers: Language used unless specified otherwise in the transcript Speaker Language MR.
[Show full text]
The Khmer Rouge Practice of Thought Reform in Cambodia, 1975–1978
Journal of Political Ideologies ISSN: 1356-9317 (Print) 1469-9613 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cjpi20 Converts, not ideologues? The Khmer Rouge practice of thought reform in Cambodia, 1975–1978 Kosal Path & Angeliki Kanavou To cite this article: Kosal Path & Angeliki Kanavou (2015) Converts, not ideologues? The Khmer Rouge practice of thought reform in Cambodia, 1975–1978, Journal of Political Ideologies, 20:3, 304-332, DOI: 10.1080/13569317.2015.1075266 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2015.1075266 Published online: 25 Nov 2015. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=cjpi20 Download by: [24.229.103.45] Date: 26 November 2015, At: 10:12 Journal of Political Ideologies, 2015 Vol. 20, No. 3, 304–332, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2015.1075266 Converts, not ideologues? The Khmer Rouge practice of thought reform in Cambodia, 1975–1978 KOSAL PATH Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA ANGELIKI KANAVOU Interdisciplinary Center for the Scientific Study of Ethics & Morality, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-5100, USA ABSTRACT While mistaken as zealot ideologues of Marxist ideals fused with Khmer rhetoric, the Khmer Rouge (KR) cadres’ collective profile better fits that of the convert subjected to intense thought reform. This research combines insights from the process and the context of thought reform informed by local cultural norms with the social type of the convert in a way that captures the KR phenome- non in both its general and particular dimensions.
[Show full text]
6 Documenting the Crimes of Democratic Kampuchea
Article by John CIORCIARI and CHHANG Youk entitled "Documenting the Crimes of Democratic Kampuchea" in Jaya RAMJI and Beth VAN SCHAAK's book "Bringing the Khmer Rouge to Justice. Prosecuting Mass Violence Before the Cambodian Courts", pp.226-227. 6 Documenting The Crimes Of Democratic Kampuchea John D. Ciorciari with Youk Chhang John D. Ciorciari (A.B., J.D., Harvard; M.Phil., Oxford) is the Wai Seng Senior Research Scholar at the Asian Studies Centre in St. Antony’s College, University of Oxford. Since 1999, he has served as a legal advisor to the Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) in Phnom Penh. Youk Chhang has served as the Director of DC-Cam since January 1997 and has managed the fieldwork of its Mass Grave Mapping Project since July 1995. He is also the Publisher and Editor-in-Chief of DC-Cam’s monthly magazine, SEARCHING FOR THE TRUTH, and has edited numerous scholarly publications dealing with the abuses of the Pol Pot regime. The Democratic Kampuchea (DK) regime was decidedly one of the most brutal in modern history. Between April 1975 and January 1979, when the Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) held power in Phnom Penh, millions of Cambodians suffered grave human rights abuses. Films, museum exhibitions, scholarly works, and harrowing survivor accounts have illustrated the horrors of the DK period and brought worldwide infamy to the “Pol Pot regime.”1 Historically, it is beyond doubt that elements of the CPK were responsible for myriad criminal offenses. However, the perpetrators of the most serious crimes of that period have never been held accountable for their atrocities in an internationally recognized legal proceeding.
[Show full text]
Considerations on the History of Cambodia Early Stage to the Period
ERN>00498220</ERN> ~~ 16 Considerations on the History of Cambodia From the Early Stage to the Period of Democratic Kampuchea By Khieu Samphan Chapter 5 Democratic Kampuchea As they always say now there are very many problems concerning the Khmer Rouge issue this also makes me very depressed and upset It is true that our country must now face the inheritance of serious grudges and fear as a result of a revolution that changed in unpredictable ways to become the most absolute of revolutions one that caused a profound upheaval of society the likes of which have never before been seen However we should also ponder whether a revolution like the Khmer Rouge revolution that had once broken the greedy ambitions of major and intermediate great powers could have been an act committed by a single person or a small group of people That certainly could not be true Many tens of thousands and hundreds of thousands of people followed this revolution and they did not hesitate to sacrifice their lives for the revolutionary cause So then probably there was something they had been lacking something for a long time something they needed very much in order to live So the question that arises is Why did this revolution occur like that and at that time To me the answer is obvious Revolutions occur after decisive historical events in reaction to historical problems They bring about killing but they arise from previous killing As for the previous killing when we just look at Samlaut we understand General opinion both Cambodian and international says “If it had
[Show full text]
00147600 • • Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Kingdom
00147600 Declassified to Public 06 September 2012 E3/26 L~g~~runeL&Ui~~ = ~~ ~ro~ l.,~g~~~j1fi Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King $ts~$~;~g~~~rn~e~~ffi~~~~ ~ = ~ ~~• = ~• Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia ffi1~ruwromG~1.,~~6~5~G~$ Office of the Co-Investigating Judges Bureau des Co-juges d'instruction ~rui6~e~~m~~ = g ~ IR W Criminal Case File /Dossier penal Written Record of Interview of Charged Person 1ruB/No: 002/14-08-2006 Proces-verbal d'interrogatoire 01 6ru~6ro5roVInvestigation/lnstruction = '" 1ruB/No: 001118-07-2007 The year two thousand and seven, the 2nd of October, at 09:07 hours. We, You Bunleng rtt ~En'Uob and Marcel Lemonde, Co-Investigating Judges of the Extraordinary Chambers, with Mr. Ham Hel tny ttiirn and Mr. Ly Chantola ill G~tirutql as Greffiers Noting the Law on the Establishment of the Extraordinary Chambers dated 27 October 2004 Noting Rule 58 of the Internal Rules of the Extraordinary Chambers With Ouch Channora ~\1 m~btQi1 and Tanheang Davann m~frn~ mtQJ;l, sworn interpreters of the Extraordinary Chambers The Charged Person identified below has appeared before us: »~~~tlur:rMtl"mq~~Mff1Hi~ltl ffie9t'i\~ti1ritm ~~ltl~trull~ hli1lii tmtl"tcri Bblfl ~ti1l t~~ ~tb1~ ttrmjhl~UilruBb1I€J 1 ~HJ~tru3 +t31l!1l!(D)l!.Jrn 1!.J€Jt3g~€J ~~Mtru3 +t31l!1l!(D)l!.Jrn 1!.J€Jt3g~€J9 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, National Road 4, Choam Chao, Dangkoa Phnom Penh Mail Po Box 71, Phnom Penh Tel:+855(0)23 218914 Fax: +855(0) 23 218941.
[Show full text]
Interrogator at Khmer Rouge Prison Denies Torture Sopheng Cheang July 14, 2009
Interrogator at Khmer Rouge prison denies torture Sopheng Cheang July 14, 2009 A senior interrogator at the most notorious Khmer Rouge prison denied Tuesday that he tortured victims, despite grisly earlier testimony from his former boss that torture was common there. Mam Nai, 76, told the U.N.-backed genocide tribunal that his main duty was to interrogate low-ranking Khmer Rouge soldiers who allegedly opposed the regime, as well as Vietnamese prisoners of war. "I never used any torture. It was my understanding that applying torture would lead to an inappropriate confession, that there would be little true in forced confessions," Mam Nai said. His testimony comes at the trial of Kaing Guek Eav — better known as Duch — who headed the S-21 prison in Phnom Penh. Up to 16,000 people were tortured under his command and later taken away to be killed during the Khmer Rouge's 1975-1979 rule. Only a handful survived. During hours of earlier testimony, Duch graphically described torture methods used at the prison, though he did not testify about Mam Nai's activities there. He has asked forgiveness from victims' relatives. Duch (pronounced DOIK), 66, is the first senior Khmer Rouge figure to face trial and the only one to acknowledge responsibility for his actions. He is charged with crimes against humanity and is the first of five defendants scheduled for long-delayed trials by the tribunal. Senior leaders Khieu Samphan, Nuon Chea, Ieng Sary and Ieng Sary's wife, Ieng Thirith, are detained and are likely to face trial in the next year or two.
[Show full text]
From Expressivism to Communication in Transitional Justice: a Study of the Trial Procedure of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
From Expressivism to Communication in Transitional Justice: A Study of the Trial Procedure of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia CHERYL SUSAN WHITE A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University July 2014 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis is exclusively the result of my own work. Cheryl White i DEDICATION To the unrepresented of S-21 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS When I was writing the thesis I often had classical music playing on my computer or phone. There were moments when the purity, intensity or beauty of the sound in the background seemed to carry me through the intellectual waters I was navigating. There was also a symphony of support in friends, family, colleagues and strangers who made my journey lighter and ultimately achievable. I would like to acknowledge them. My thesis research began at the University of Newcastle, where my teaching colleagues kindly shared their experience and encouraged me to take my ideas further. Neil Foster, Jeff McGee, Amy Maguire, and Brendan Murphy were particularly supportive as fellow travellers. When the time came, Professor Ted Wright gave me good advice as I prepared my application for transfer to the ANU. At the ANU, Hilary Charlesworth as my supervisor helped me to reshape my awkwardly drafted chapters and refine the themes of my work. With the benefit of her wonderful editorial advice and precision the thesis gradually emerged. At the same time, I was aided by the generous collegiality of the RegNet scholarly community. John and Valerie Braithwaite contributed to the thesis both through their publications and the personal affirmation they gave at pivotal moments.
[Show full text]
Ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñú
ŪĮйŬď₧şŪ˝˝ņįОď ďĳЊ ⅜₤Ĝ ŪĮйņΉ˝℮Ūĳ Kingdom of Cambodia GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm <úCa Nation Religion King Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Royaume du Cambodge Chambres Extraordinaires au sein des Tribunaux Cambodgiens Nation Religion Roi Β₣ðĄеĕНеĄŪņй⅜ŵřеĠР₣ Trial Chamber Chambre de première instance ₤е‗НеЮũЩ₣ЮŲŠк ƠƠơ/ơ ˝˝˛Ţ ƯƠỚ/Βŷĳ˝/ΒĄ₤ř Case File/Dossier No. 001/18-07-2007/// ECCC/TC Before: Judge NIL Nonn, President Judge Silvia CARTWRIGHT Judge YA Sokhan Judge Jean-Marc LAVERGNE Judge THOU Mony Greffiers: LIM Suy-Hong, Matteo CRIPPA, SE Kolvuthy, Natacha WEXELS-RISER, DUCH Phary Duration of hearing: 30 March 2009 until 27 November 2009 Date: 26 July 2010 Classification: PUBLIC JUDGEMENT Co-Prosecutors Accused CHEA Leang YET Chakriya KAING Guek Eav alias Duch Andrew T. CAYLEY William SMITH Lawyers for the Civil Parties Lawyers for the Defence TY Srinna KIM Mengkhy Karim KHAN MOCH Sovannary KAR Savuth Alain WERNER Martine JACQUIN François ROUX Brianne McGONIGLE Philippe CANONNE Marie-Paule CANIZARÈS KONG Pisey Fabienne TRUSSES-NAPROUS YUNG Panith Christine MARTINEAU Silke STUDZINSKY Annie DELAHAIE HONG Kimsuon Elizabeth RABESANDRATANA Pierre Olivier SUR pøÚvCatielx 4 sgáat; ecamecA x½NÐ degáa RkugPñMeBj km<úCa RbGb;sMbuRt 71 TUrs½BÞ³ ¬855¦-23-219-814 TUrsar³ ¬855¦-23-219-841 eKhTMB½r³www.eccc.gov.kh National Road 4, Chaom Chau, Dangkao Phnom Penh Mail Po Box 71, Phnom Penh Tel:+855(0)23 218914 Fax:023 218941 Web: www.eccc.gov.kh PURL: https://www.legal-tools.org/doc/dbdb62/ Case File 001/18-07-2007/ECCC/TC E188 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................
[Show full text]
Why Elie Wiesel's
The Echo Foundation Presents THE SAMANTHA POWER PROJECT State of the World: Challenges and Opportunities Ambassador Samantha Power Anna Lindh Professor of the Practice of Global Leadership and Public Policy at the Kennedy School, Harvard University Former United States Ambassador to the United Nations The Echo Foundation 1125 E. Morehead St., Ste. 101 Charlotte, NC 28204 704-347-3844 www.echofoundation.org www.inthefootstepsofeliewiesel.org The Echo Foundation 1 State of the World The Samantha Power Project State of the World Photo courtesy of Harvard Kennedy School “Our obligation is to give meaning to life and in doing so to overcome the passive, indifferent life” – Nobel Laureate for Peace, Elie Wiesel Photo Courtesy of yadvashem.org The Echo Foundation 2 State of the World The Echo Foundation devotes this year’s study to the capacity for an individual to reshape the world against systemic indifference. Inspired by Samantha Power’s relentless dedication to securing human rights for the most vulnerable populations and nations, State of the World honors the rights endowed to every human life. Developed by Echo student interns, this curriculum guide offers educators and students alike a user-friendly tool with which to understand global atrocities, as well as what we, as a nation and as individuals, can do to stop them. The Echo Foundation offers these resource materials and collection of essays as an inspiration to you who shape the next generation. We challenge you to search each day for opportunities to weave lessons of compassion, respect for all people, and ethical decision making into every subject area; to teach children not to be indifferent to the suffering of others and to take a stand for justice; to believe in themselves, that they too have the power to make a difference… indeed, that it is their moral obligation to do so.
[Show full text]
KRT TRIAL MONITOR Case 002/02 ■ Issue 56 ■ Hearings on Evidence Week 53 ■ 6 – 9 June 2016
KRT TRIAL MONITOR Case 002/02 ■ Issue 56 ■ Hearings on Evidence Week 53 ■ 6 – 9 June 2016 Case of Nuon Chea and Khieu Samphan A project of East-West Center and the WSD HANDA Center for Human Rights and International Justice at Stanford University (previously known as the UC Berkeley War Crimes Studies Center) “I am surprised by the denial of Nuon Chea. Everyone had to respect the principles of the Party, decided on by the Secretary and Deputy Secretary. His denial is nonsense.” - Witness Kaing Guek Eav, alias Duch I. OVERVIEW This week the Trial Chamber heard from the final two witnesses on S-21 Security Center in Phnom Penh. First, Mr. Suos Thy concluded his testimony from last week about his role keeping lists of prisoners at S-21. Shortly before the lunch break on Tuesday, Suos Thy’s testimony ended and the Chamber swore in Witness Mr. Kaing Guek Eav, more commonly known by his revolutionary alias “Duch.” Duch served as both deputy and then head of S-21 (also referred to as Tuol Sleng) during the Democratic Kampuchea (DK) regime, and was tried and convicted in Case 001 of crimes against humanity and grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions.1 While serving a lifetime prison sentence, Duch appeared in Court this week to provide testimony in Case 002/01 on his knowledge of Communist Party of Kampuchea (CPK) hierarchy, policies and actions.2 Duch is scheduled to testify over nine full days: four allotted to the Co-Prosecutors and Civil Party lawyers, four to the two Defense Teams and one for the Judges.
[Show full text]
Torture in Cambodia
Less Than Human Torture in Cambodia A LICADHO Project Against Torture report by Jason Barber June 2000 Cambodian League for the Promotion and Defense of Human Rights (LICADHO) Mailing Address: PO Box 499 ● Office Address: 103, Street 97, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Fax/Tel: 855-23-360-965 (main office) 855-23-211-391 (Project Against Torture) ● email: [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword by David Chandler..............................................................................................i Preface............................................................................................................................... ii PART 1: BACKGROUND .................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: Introduction ..............................................................................................1 Chapter 2: What is Torture? ......................................................................................3 Chapter 3: Historical Context.....................................................................................5 The Roots of Torture ....................................................................................5 The Pol Pot Regime .....................................................................................6 Post-Pol Pot................................................................................................10 Chapter 4:Overview of Current Torture ...................................................................12 Scope of Torture.........................................................................................13
[Show full text]