Caulfield Community Health Service (CCHS) Community Profile 2012/13

Caulfield Community Health Service (CCHS)

Community Profile 2012/13

Introduction...... 4 DATA SUMMARY ...... 5 GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES ...... 8 City of Stonnington ...... 8 City of Glen Eira...... 9 KEY STATISTICS : CITY OF STONNINGTON ...... 10 KEY STATISTICS : CITY OF GLEN EIRA ...... 11 POPULATION ...... 12 Population estimates ...... 12 Population projections ...... 14 CULTURAL DIVERSITY ...... 16 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population...... 16 Newly emerging communities...... 16 Countries of birth ...... 17 Countries of birth by age...... 19 English speaking or nonEnglish speaking countries...... 20 Languages other than English...... 21 Proficiency in English...... 23 Recent arrivals...... 25 Religion...... 26 HOUSING AND HOUSEHOLDS ...... 30 Tenure type ...... 30 Occupancy rates...... 31 Family/household type...... 33 Housing affordability ...... 35 Rental affordability...... 37 Households in housing stress...... 39 Public housing stock...... 40 EDUCATION ...... 42 Highest level of education completed...... 42 Highest level of school completed ...... 43 Disengaged youth (not in education or employment) ...... 44 LABOUR FORCE STATUS ...... 46 Employment and unemployment rates ...... 46 Occupation ...... 47 INCOME ...... 50 Benefit recipients...... 50 Income support...... 50 Household income...... 51 Individual income...... 52 DISABILITY ...... 54 Persons with a need for assistance...... 54 Persons providing assistance to a person with a disability...... 55 Children and adults with a disability...... 56 COMMUNITY WELLBEING ...... 58 VicHealth Indicators Survey...... 58 Community Indicators Victoria...... 59

SEIFA – socioeconomic index for areas...... 60 GENERAL POPULATION HEALTH ...... 63 Ambulatory care sensitive conditions ...... 63 Avoidable mortality ...... 64 Life expectancy...... 65 Sexually transmissible infections...... 66 BoD – DALY ...... 67 CHRONIC DISEASES AND RISK FACTORS ...... 69 Type 2 diabetes...... 69 High cholesterol...... 69 People with mental and behavioural problems ...... 70 Circulatory System Diseases...... 70 Respiratory system diseases...... 71 Musculoskeletal system diseases...... 72 HEALTH AND LIFESTYLE ...... 74 Overweight and obesity ...... 74 Fruit & vegetable consumption ...... 75 Physical activity ...... 77 Alcohol consumption...... 78 Smoking status...... 80 Psychological distress ...... 80 Selfrated health status...... 81 Health checks...... 82 ACCESS TO SERVICES ...... 87 Financial barriers...... 87 Transport barriers ...... 88 SERVICE DATA UTILISATION ...... 90 GP availability and utilisation rates...... 90 GP services ...... 90 Better Access Care Program...... 91 Private health insurance...... 92 Bulk billing ...... 92 Mental health...... 93 Alcohol and other drugs treatment services...... 93 Victorian home and community care service provision by region...... 94 Aged Care Assessment Service (ACAS) data...... 95 CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH AND WELLBEING ...... 96 Maternal and child health service indicators...... 96 Childhood immunisation rates ...... 96 Australian Early Development Index (AEDI)...... 97 OTHER DATA ...... 99 Community safety...... 99 Gaming...... 100 Transport ...... 100 Internet connection...... 104

Introduction This population profile incorporates the preexisting Caulfield Community Health Service (CCHS) Data Books and a selection of data updates and new material. The year in which the data was collected has been included in the description of each source. It should be noted that the year of collection may not necessarily correlate to the year of release (as data is often released to the public well after the collection date). The data included in this profile is produced from a variety of sources which are updated/collected at differing times. All updated data includes a full reference and where possible a hyperlink to the data source. Data and information included in the profile which does not include this full referencing has been sourced from previous versions of the CCHS data book and more recent updates have been unable to be located. Where possible all data included in the community profile from the Australian Bureau of Statistic, 2011 Census refers to ‘usual place of residence’. This is a count of people based on the area in which they usually live (as determined by the address provided by the respondent as to the address of their usual residence). Data referring to households and some other data are counted using ‘enumerated’ data only. This data counts people on where they were located on the night of the census and which may or may not be the place which they usually live. This data therefore gives a snapshot of the location on the night of the census and may not accurately reflect the people eligible for CCHS services. All data provided in the community profile states if the data is enumerated or based on usual place of residence.

DATA SUMMARY The following table summarises the key findings from the data book. Both LGAs have a similar demography and profile. When data has differed significantly it has been highlighted accordingly. PLEASE NOTE: unless otherwise specified data has been compared to Greater Melbourne (MSD) which includes the entire Melbourne metropolitan area.

Topic City of Stonnington and City of Glen Eira Estimated population of 137,566 (2011) (CoGE) Estimated population of 99,118 (2011) (CoS) Higher proportion of adults 65 years or over Population Population predictions indicate in CoS the percentage of people in the 09 year age group will decrease, and the largest increases will be in the 3049 year and 6585+ age groups by 2031 Population predictions indicate in CoGE the percentage of people in the 04, 2529 and 85+ year age group will decrease, and the largest increases will be in the 6579 year age groups by 2031 Higher proportion of people born overseas and people from a nonEnglish speaking (NES) country (CoGE) Lower proportion of people born overseas (CoS) Dominant NES country of birth is China (CoS and CoGE) The largest increases in birthplace countries from 2006–2011 were India, China and South Africa; the largest decreases were from Poland, Greece and Russian Cultural India provided the largest number of migrants (19.9% in CoS and 29.7% in CoGE) diversity The most common languages other than English spoken at home include: Greek (4.2% CoS, 4.5% CoGE), Russian (3.8% CoGE), Mandarin (2.8% CoS, 3.3% CoGE), Hebrew (2.3% CoGE) and Cantonese (1.5% CoS, 1.2% CoGE) The biggest increases in languages spoken at home were for those speaking Mandarin, Hindi, Hebrew and Gujarati (Gujarati newly emerged); there was a decrease in those speaking Polish and Italian High proportion people born in NES countries in older age groups, especially 65–85 years Higher rental payments (over $400 per week) are common, low cost rentals (under $150 per week) are uncommon Higher percentage of the population paying high mortgage repayments High rates of household stress (23.3% in CoS and 21.4% in CoGE) Lower proportion of couple families with child(ren) and of oneparent families 44% are in households with children and 4.5% in group households (CoS) 44% are in households with children, and 5.2% are in group households (CoGE) Housing and Higher proportions of lone person household (31.3% on CoS and 26.7% in CoGE) households The largest changes from 2006: − Increase in couples without children (CoS) − Increase in couples with children (CoGE) Rooming Houses and Supported Residential Services − 11 private rooming houses with 160 beds − 3 community rooming house with 48 bedrooms − 8 SRS’s with 281 bedrooms Higher proportion of people holding formal qualifications and smaller proportion who do not hold formal qualifications Education Higher proportion of people who have completed year 12 or equivalent Lower rates of disengaged youth: 15–19 (not actively involved in work or education) 95.6% (CoS) and 95.4% (CoGE) are employed, largest occupations are: professional, managers and clerical and Labour force administrative workers status Lower levels of Centrelink payments Large proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) Large proportion of persons earning a high income (those earning $1,500 per week or more) but a smaller proportion Income of low income persons Both LGAs are characterised by marked inequality, with a higher than average proportion in high income brackets, and significant pockets of people on low incomes, generally associated with public housing

Topic City of Stonnington and City of Glen Eira Lower percentage of people with disabilities (CoS) Disability Higher percentage of carers of people with disabilities, longterm illness or old age (CoGE) Significantly more favourable results for the following indicators: − attended arts activity or events in the previous three month − be accepting of diverse culture − internet access (CoS) − visit a green space (CoS) Community − walking alone at night (CoS) wellbeing Significantly less favourable results for the following indicators: − purchased alcohol in the past week (CoS) − indicate time pressure (CoS) − shared a meal with family (CoS) − food security (CoS) − rates of waste water recycling (CoGE) Higher life expectancy Less successful in preventing dental conditions in CoS (consistently higher than state average rates) Diabetes complications are highest cause of avoidable hospitalisation Higher rates of preventable conditions in people of 65+ from NESB compared to ESB, particularly for diabetes Highest rates of avoidable mortality are in: − diabetes (CoGE) − stroke (CoGE) − poisoning (CoGE) − lung cancer (CoGE) General − breast cancer (CoS) population − skin cancer (CoS) health Disease burden is higher for: − dementia − stroke − breast cancer − colorectal cancer − hearing loss − ischaemic heart disease (CoGE) There are also: − higher rates of chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis compared to the SMR, particularly in CoS This data is for the DH Southern Metropolitan Region encompassing both CoS and CoGE − 20.8% males and 15.9% females self report their health as fair/poor − 39% males and 24% females are overweight, 21.3% males and 12.8% females are obese − females are more likely to meet dietary guidelines, but the majority of both sexes do not meet the fruit and vegetable intake recommendations Health and − 64% of males and 57.7% of females meet the physical activity guidelines lifestyle − 21.9% of males and 13% of females are smokers − rates of shortterm harm from drinking are higher for males than females − females were more likely to abstain from drinking than males − higher rates of pap smears/cervical cancer screening − higher rates of blood pressure checks (CoS) − higher rates of bowel cancer testing (CoGE)

Topic City of Stonnington and City of Glen Eira General Practitioners: − higher proportion of GPs − lower percentage of bulk billed services Mental health: Utilisation − in SMR: CoGE has 2nd highest number of clients for Child Adolescent Mental Health Service and 4th highest number of clients and contacts for Aged Mental Health Service − CoS has significantly higher number of alcohol and other drug clients. The most common drugs include; alcohol, heroin, cannabis Higher rates of ACAS clients, but lower rated of assessments for referred resident placement (CoGE) Similar rates of maternal and child health service indicators Children and Slightly lower immunisation rates family health Children score consistently higher (and are at lower risk) in AEDI results and wellbeing Crime − lower rates of crime against the person and against property (CoGE) − higher rates of crime against property (CoS) − lower rates of family violence Gambling − CoGE has higher than average numbers and spending on Electronic Gaming Machines (EGMs) Other Transport − car travel most common mode of travel but ‘active travel’ increasing particularly in CoS − residents in both LGAs more likely to use public transport in order to travel to work, social activities/special events or for personal business/shopping than the state average Internet − higher rate of households with internet access

GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES City of Stonnington The CoS is located in Melbourne’s inner southeastern suburbs, about three to 13 kilometres from the Melbourne GPO and is boundaried by the Cities of Yarra and Boroondara in the north, the City of Monash in the east, the Cities of Glen Eira and Port Phillip in the south and the City of Melbourne in the west. CoS includes the suburbs of Armadale, Glen Iris (part), Kooyong, Malvern, Malvern East, Prahran, South Yarra (part), Toorak and Windsor (part). The CoS covers an area of 25.62 square kilometres. The CoS has an economically and culturally diverse population. The housing stock alone, ranging from some of Melbourne's finest mansions to large blocks of public housing, is just one obvious indication of the community's contrasting lifestyles, aspirations and expectations. The population of the CoS was relatively stable from 1991 to 1996, and then increased from 83,000 in 1996 to 89,000 in 2006 and to over 93,000 in 2011.

Source: www.stonnington.vic.gov.au

City of Glen Eira The CoGE is located in Melbourne's southeast suburbs, about seven kilometres from the Melbourne CBD and is boundaried by CoS in the north, the City of Monash in the east, the City of Kingston in the south, and the Cities of Bayside and Port Phillip in the west. The City's boundaries are Dandenong Road in the north, Poath Road, North Road and Warrigal Road in the east, South Road in the south, and the Nepean Highway, Thomas Street, North Road, Hotham Street, Inkerman Street and Orrong Road in the west. The CoGE includes the suburbs of Bentleigh, Bentleigh East, Carnegie, Caulfield, Caulfield East, Caulfield North, Caulfield South, Elsternwick, Gardenvale, Glen Huntly, McKinnon, Murrumbeena, Ormond, and part of the suburb of St Kilda East. The CoGE is an established residential area that is continuing to attract housing development. The CoGE contains a diversity of housing, ranging from 1880s mansions in suburbs such as Caulfield North and St Kilda East, to postwar growth areas such as Bentleigh East. The City encompasses a total land area of 38.67 square kilometres.

Source: www.gleneira.vic.gov.au

KEY STATISTICS : CITY OF STONNINGTON

Key Statistics (summary statistics) 2011 2006 2001 Change Change MSD MSD MSD Place of Usual Residence Number % Number % Number % 2001 2006 % % % 2006 2011 Population, excluding overseas visitors Total population 93,145 100.0 100.0 89,885 100.0 100.0 86,943 100.0 100.0 +2,942 +3,260 Males 44,784 48.1 49.2 43,174 48.0 49.0 41,456 47.7 49.0 +1,718 +1,610 Females 48,361 51.9 50.8 46,711 52.0 51.0 45,487 52.3 51.0 +1,224 +1,650 Population Characteristics Indigenous population 176 0.2 0.5 169 0.2 0.4 149 0.2 0.4 +20 +7 Australian born 59,473 63.8 63.3 56,929 63.4 64.5 57,144 65.7 66.1 215 +2,544 Speaks a language other than English at home 19,881 21.3 29.1 17,531 19.5 26.0 16,550 19.0 25.4 +981 +2,350 Australian citizens 74,304 79.8 83.0 71,337 79.4 84.6 71,829 82.6 86.9 492 +2,967 Australian citizens aged 18+ 61,429 65.9 63.6 58,774 65.4 64.3 59,765 68.7 65.6 991 +2,655 Age structure Babies and pre schoolers (0 to 4) 4,353 4.7 6.5 4,394 4.9 6.3 4,113 4.7 6.4 +281 41 Primary schoolers (5 to 11) 5,668 6.1 8.4 5,359 6.0 8.8 5,431 6.2 9.4 72 +309 Secondary schoolers (12 to 17) 4,488 4.8 7.3 4,685 5.2 7.8 4,802 5.5 8.0 117 197 Tertiary education & independence (18 to 24) 10,442 11.2 10.1 10,568 11.8 10.1 10,454 12.0 10.0 +114 126 Young workforce (25 to 34) 20,380 21.9 15.4 18,221 20.3 14.8 17,950 20.6 15.9 +271 +2,159 Parents and homebuilders (35 to 49) 19,174 20.6 22.0 18,946 21.1 22.7 18,330 21.1 22.5 +616 +228 Older workers & pre retirees (50 to 59) 10,396 11.2 12.1 10,688 11.9 12.2 10,073 11.6 11.5 +615 292 Empty nesters and retirees (60 to 69) 8,473 9.1 9.0 7,653 8.5 8.1 6,580 7.6 7.4 +1,073 +820 Seniors (70 to 84) 7,616 8.2 7.4 7,380 8.2 7.6 7,330 8.4 7.5 +50 +236 Frail aged (85 and over) 2,155 2.3 1.8 1,970 2.2 1.6 1,864 2.1 1.4 +106 +185 Households, dwellings and tenure (enumerated data) Fully owned 12,025 28.5 31.5 11,816 29.1 33.1 14,174 35.6 41.9 2,358 +209 Mortgage 9,195 21.8 35.3 8,831 21.7 34.6 6,309 15.9 28.1 +2,522 +365 Renting 17,370 41.2 26.5 15,637 38.5 24.5 15,212 38.2 22.8 +425 +1,733 Households (occupied private dwellings) 42,151 89.5 91.2 40,661 90.2 91.7 39,793 +868 +1,490 Average household size (persons) 2.16 2.62 2.16 2.60 2.14 +0.02 +0.00 Total Dwellings 47,116 100.0 100.0 44,961 100.0 100.0 43,969 100.0 100.0 +992 +2,155 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/home

KEY STATISTICS : CITY OF GLEN EIRA

Key Statistics (summary statistics) 2011 2006 2001 Change Change MSD MSD MSD Place of Usual Residence Number % Number % Number % 2001 2006 % % % 2006 2011 Population, excluding overseas visitors Total population 131,015 100.0 100.0 124,085 100.0 100.0 119,312 100.0 100.0 +4,773 +6,930 Males 63,763 48.7 49.2 60,246 48.6 49.0 57,415 48.1 49.0 +2,831 +3,517 Females 67,252 51.3 50.8 63,839 51.4 51.0 61,897 51.9 51.0 +1,942 +3,413 Population Characteristics Indigenous population 233 0.2 0.5 169 0.1 0.4 195 0.2 0.4 26 +64 Australian born 78,990 60.3 63.3 75,195 60.6 64.5 74,815 62.7 66.1 +380 +3,795 Speaks a language other than English at home 38,554 29.4 29.1 32,187 25.9 26.0 29,953 25.1 25.4 +2,234 +6,367 Australian citizens 108,207 82.6 83.0 103,454 83.4 84.6 103,320 86.6 86.9 +134 +4,753 Australian citizens aged 18+ 83,389 63.6 63.6 80,532 64.9 64.3 81,567 68.4 65.6 1,035 +2,857 Age structure Babies and pre schoolers (0 to 4) 8,499 6.5 6.5 7,779 6.3 6.3 7,105 6.0 6.4 +674 +720 Primary schoolers (5 to 11) 10,777 8.2 8.4 9,925 8.0 8.8 9,498 8.0 9.4 +427 +852 Secondary schoolers (12 to 17) 8,628 6.6 7.3 8,176 6.6 7.8 8,045 6.7 8.0 +131 +452 Tertiary education & independence (18 to 24) 11,983 9.1 10.1 11,312 9.1 10.1 10,813 9.1 10.0 +499 +671 Young workforce (25 to 34) 19,889 15.2 15.4 18,368 14.8 14.8 19,069 16.0 15.9 701 +1,521 Parents and homebuilders (35 to 49) 29,347 22.4 22.0 28,549 23.0 22.7 27,297 22.9 22.5 +1,252 +798 Older workers & pre retirees (50 to 59) 15,880 12.1 12.1 15,313 12.3 12.2 13,032 10.9 11.5 +2,281 +567 Empty nesters and retirees (60 to 69) 11,220 8.6 9.0 9,144 7.4 8.1 8,747 7.3 7.4 +397 +2,076 Seniors (70 to 84) 10,700 8.2 7.4 12,139 9.8 7.6 12,920 10.8 7.5 781 1,439 Frail aged (85 and over) 4,092 3.1 1.8 3,354 2.7 1.6 2,755 2.3 1.4 +599 +738 Households, dwellings and tenure (enumerated data) Fully owned 17,480 33.5 31.5 17,413 32.0 30.4 21,360 40.6 38.7 3,947 5 Mortgage 15,415 29.7 35.3 14,667 27.0 31.8 10,858 20.6 26.0 +3,809 +748 Renting 15,852 30.5 26.5 13,979 25.7 22.5 12,946 24.6 21.1 +1,033 +1,873 Households (occupied private dwellings) 51,899 92.2 91.2 50,396 48,862 +1,534 +1,503 Average household size (persons) 2.47 2.40 2.38 +0.02 +0.07 Total Dwellings 56,272 100.0 100.0 54,368 100.0 100.0 52,585 100.0 100.0 +1,783 +1,904 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2001, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/home

POPULATION Population estimates The most recent population estimates (2011) indicate an official population of 99,118 in CoS and 137,566 persons in CoGE. Population growth rates in CoS and CoGE have both declined in the past three years, with CoS recording no population growth in 20102011.

Estimated resident population, City of Stonnington Annual change

Year (ending June 30) number number % 2011 99,118 +4 0 2010 99,114 +492 +0.50 2009 98,622 +1,099 +1.13 2008 97,523 +1,484 +1.55 2007 96,039 +1,028 +1.08 2006 95,011 +1,232 +1.31 2005 93,779 +436 +0.47 2004 93,343 +1,526 +1.66 2003 91,817 +767 +0.84 2002 91,050 +1,072 +1.19 2001 89,978

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0) (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/Default.aspx?id=249&pg=210&gid=10&type=enum

Estimated resident population, City of Glen Eira Annual change

Year (ending June 30) number number % 2011 137,566 +620 +0.45 2010 136,946 +1,042 +0.77 2009 135,904 +2,187 +1.64 2008 133,717 +2,144 +1.63 2007 131,573 +1,794 +1.38 2006 129,779 +1,985 +1.55 2005 127,794 +1,456 +1.15 2004 126,338 +1,286 +1.03 2003 125,052 +826 +0.66 2002 124,226 +1,121 +0.91 2001 123,105

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population Growth, Australia (3218.0) (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/populationestimate?WebID=10&DataType=en CoS also had the majority of their population in the 2049 year age group ( 51.7%), however has a large spike of their population in the 2529 year age group (12.3%) CoGE has a relatively stable demographic distribution, with the majority of the population in the 2049 year age group (44.6%). Both LGAs have about a fifth of their population over 60 years, with 19.8% in CoGE and 19.6% in CoS.

City of Stonnington: 2011 population by age and sex

City of Stonnington

7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000 Males Females 3,000

2,000

1,000

rs rs rs rs rs rs rs rs rs rs a e y yea yea yea yea yea yea yea -9 4 4 9 9 4 9 9 years4 0-4 years5 -64 years 0-1 0-2 5-3 0-5 0 5-6 5-7 0-8 1 15-19 2years 25-2 30-34 3years 40-44 yea45-49 5years 55-59 6yea 6 70-74 years7 8 85 and over

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Basic Community Profile, Population by Age and Sex, Stonnington LGA (24 January 2013) http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/communityprofile/LGA26350?opendocument&navpos=230 City of Glen Eira: 2011 population by age and sex

City of Glen Eira

6,000

5,000

4,000

Males 3,000 Females

2,000

1,000

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Basic Community Profile, Population by Age and Sex, Glen Eira LGA (24 January 2013) http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/communityprofile/LGA22310?opendocument&navpos=230

Population projections Over the next 20 years (2011–2031), both CoS and CoGE will experience an ageing population. The following changes are projected to the populations of CoS and CoGE: • CoS will have an increase in the proportion of the population aged 10 years and over while the proportion of age groups 010 will decline. • CoGE will have a decline in population for the groups aged 04, 2529, 3539 and 85 and over; the proportion of all other age groups will increase. City of Stonnington: population projection 2011–2031

2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 Age No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % Group 04 4,965 4.9 4,658 4.4 4,631 4.2 4,470 3.9 4,360 3.7 514 7,861 7.8 8,634 8.1 8,671 7.8 8,244 7.2 8,026 6.8 1524 14,585 14.4 14,599 13.7 14,583 13.1 15,091 13.2 15,240 12.9 2534 22,102 21.8 24,175 22.7 24,119 21.7 23,945 20.9 24,118 20.4 3549 20,391 20.2 21,462 20.1 23,712 21.4 25,621 22.4 27,134 23.0 5059 11,385 11.3 11,350 10.6 11,683 10.5 12,155 10.6 12,608 10.7 6069 9,450 9.3 10,344 9.7 10,290 9.3 10,194 8.9 10,467 8.9 7084 8,094 8.0 8,911 8.4 10,787 9.7 12,146 10.6 12,927 10.9 85+ 2,359 2.3 2,581 2.4 2,502 2.2 2,737 2.4 3,290 2.8 TOTAL 101,192 100.0 106,714 100.0 110,978 100.0 114,603 100.0 118,169 100.0 Source: Department of Planning and Community Development, Victoria in Future 2012 – One Page Metropolitan Profiles , available at: http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/home/publicationsandresearch/urbanandregionalresearch/metropolitan/victoriainfuture2008/victoriainfuture20081 pageprofilesmetropolitan City of Stonnington: population change by fiveyear age group 2011–2031

City of Glen Eira: population projection 2011–2031 2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 Age No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % Group 04 8,945 6.5 8,737 6.1 8,513 5.8 8,229 5.4 8,062 5.2 514 14,732 10.6 16,485 11.6 17,658 12.0 17,247 11.4 16,723 10.7 1524 17,542 12.7 16,737 11.7 17,293 11.8 19,302 12.7 20,699 13.2 2534 22,018 15.9 23,064 16.2 21,686 14.8 21,149 13.9 22,131 14.2 3549 30,584 22.1 30,701 21.5 31,729 21.6 32,550 21.5 32,736 20.9 5059 16,475 11.9 17,172 12.0 17,643 12.0 18,127 12.0 17,759 11.4 6069 11,625 8.4 13,712 9.6 14,795 10.1 15,564 10.3 16,053 10.3 7084 12,062 8.7 11,477 8.1 13,597 9.3 15,683 10.3 18,230 11.7 85+ 4,390 3.2 4,442 3.1 3,847 2.6 3,816 2.5 3,942 2.5 TOTAL 138,372 100.0 142,525 100.0 146,760 100.0 151,666 100.0 156,334 100.0 Source: Department of Planning and Community Development, Victoria in Future 2012 – One Page Metropolitan Profiles , available at: http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/home/publicationsandresearch/urbanandregionalresearch/metropolitan/victoriainfuture2008/victoriainfuture20081 pageprofilesmetropolitan City of Glen Eira: population change by fiveyear age group 2011–2031

CULTURAL DIVERSITY Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population The total number of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander make up only a small percentage of the population of CoS (0.2%) and CoGE (0.2%). However in the past five years, the CoGE has had a large increase (36.5%) in the population of Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander’s compared with the CoS (4.1%), Victoria (25.5%) and SMR (29.3%).

Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander Population 2006 and 2011 2006 2011 % increase/decrease Population % of state Population % of state In LGA Of state Vic 30,028 100.0% 37,695 100.0% 25.5% 0.0% SMR 4,278 14.2% 5,531 14.7% 29.3% 0.4% CoS 170 0.6% 177 0.5% 4.1% 0.1% CoGE 170 0.6% 232 0.6% 36.5% 0.0% Source: Closing the Gap report, ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 and 2006 Newly emerging communities In the past five years, both CoS and CoGE have received a significant number of skilled migrants from India and China, with those from India making up 29.7 per cent of total migrants in CoGE and 19.9 per cent in CoS. City of Stonnington : top six countries by migration stream, January 2008–December 2012

Country of birth Family Humanitarian Skilled Unknown Total % India 143 2 807 10 962 19.9 People’s Rep. of China 183 0 613 3 799 16.5 United Kingdom 179 0 325 4 508 10.5 Malaysia 32 0 145 1 178 3.7 Ireland 35 0 115 5 155 3.2 Indonesia 23 0 122 2 147 3.0 TOTAL 1,398 32 3,379 35 4,844 % 28.9 0.7 69.8 0.7 Source: Department of Immigration and Citizenship Settlement Database, accessed 24 January 2013 http://www.immi.gov.au/settlement/ City of Glen Eira: top six countries by migration stream, January 2008–December 2012

Country of birth Family Humanitarian Skilled Unknown Total % India 400 3 1,919 34 2,356 29.7 People’s Rep. of China 371 5 1,227 17 1,620 20.4 United Kingdom 138 0 202 0 340 4.3 Israel 109 0 221 4 334 4.2 South Africa Rep 95 0 178 1 274 3.4 Sri Lanka 38 5 164 0 207 2.6 TOTAL 2,087 52 5,716 72 7,927 % 26.3 0.7 72.1 0.9 Source: Department of Immigration and Citizenship Settlement Database, accessed 24 January 2013 http://www.immi.gov.au/settlement/ Compared to the period June 2006June 2011: • in CoS, migrants from Ireland have entered as the fifth largest group (previously not in the top six), while the Phillipines has dropped out of the top six. • in CoGE, migrants from United Kingdom have overtaken Israel as the third largest group, with Korea dropping out and Sri Lanka entering the top six.

Countries of birth City of Stonnington – Countries of Birth

Country of Birth City of Stonnington top 10 overseas birthplaces ranked for 2011 (persons) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Usual Place of Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 United Kingdom 3,883 4.2 4.1 3,646 4.1 4.4 +237 India 2,438 2.6 2.7 1,552 1.7 1.4 +886 China 2,377 2.6 2.3 1,719 1.9 1.5 +658 New Zealand 2,294 2.5 1.7 1,897 2.1 1.5 +397 Greece 1,718 1.8 1.2 1,890 2.1 1.4 172 Malaysia 1,104 1.2 1.0 978 1.1 0.8 +126 United States of America 790 0.8 0.4 646 0.7 0.3 +144 South Africa 684 0.7 0.5 609 0.7 0.5 +75 Indonesia 629 0.7 0.4 738 0.8 0.3 109 Italy 625 0.7 1.7 684 0.8 2.0 59

NES backgrounds 18,898 20.3 24.2 16,986 18.9 21.6 +1,912 Main English speaking countries 8,433 9.1 7.2 7,315 8.1 7.0 +1,118 TOTAL OVERSEAS BORN 27,331 29.3 31.4 24,301 27.0 28.6 +3,030 AUSTRALIA 59,473 63.8 63.3 56,929 63.3 64.5 +2,544 NOT STATED 6,342 6.8 5.3 8,657 9.6 6.9 2,315 Total 93,146 100.0 100.0 89,887 100.0 100.0 +3,259

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 and 2006 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/birthplace Analysis of the country of birth of the population in the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of people born overseas, as well as a smaller proportion of people from a nonEnglish speaking background. Overall, 29.3% of the population was born overseas, and 20.3% were from a nonEnglish speaking background, compared with 31.4% and 24.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest nonEnglish speaking country of birth in the City of Stonnington was India, where 2.6% of the population, or 2,438 people, were born. The major differences between the countries of birth of the population in the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A smaller percentage of people born in Vietnam (0.5% compared to 1.7%)

• A smaller percentage of people born in Italy (0.7% compared to 1.7%) Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people born overseas increased by 3,030 or 12.5%, and the number of people from a nonEnglish speaking background increased by 1,912 or 11.3%. The largest changes in birthplace countries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were for those born in:

• India (+886 persons)

• China (+658 persons)

• New Zealand (+397 persons)

• United Kingdom (+237 persons) City of Glen Eira Countries of birth

Country of Birth City of Glen Eira top 10 overseas birthplaces ranked for 2011 (persons) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Usual Place of Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 India 4,993 3.8 2.7 2,723 2.2 1.4 +2,270 United Kingdom 4,545 3.5 4.1 4,351 3.5 4.4 +194 China 4,238 3.2 2.3 2,799 2.3 1.5 +1,439 South Africa 3,027 2.3 0.5 2,559 2.1 0.5 +468 Greece 2,178 1.7 1.2 2,380 1.9 1.4 202 Israel 2,051 1.6 0.1 1,627 1.3 0.1 +424 New Zealand 1,905 1.5 1.7 1,638 1.3 1.5 +267 Poland 1,845 1.4 0.4 2,171 1.7 0.4 326 Ukraine 1,650 1.3 0.1 1,490 1.2 0.1 +160 Russian Federation 1,482 1.1 0.1 1,680 1.4 0.1 198

NES backgrounds 34,238 26.1 24.2 29,002 23.4 21.6 +5,236 Main English speaking countries 11,074 8.5 7.2 9,764 7.9 7.0 +1,310 TOTAL OVERSEAS BORN 45,312 34.6 31.4 38,766 31.2 28.6 +6,546 AUSTRALIA 78,990 60.3 63.3 75,195 60.6 64.5 +3,795 NOT STATED 6,715 5.1 5.3 10,120 8.2 6.9 3,405 Total 131,017 100.0 100.0 124,081 100.0 100.0 +6,936

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/birthplace Analysis of the country of birth of the population in the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of people born overseas, as well as a larger proportion of people from a nonEnglish speaking background. Overall, 34.6% of the population was born overseas, and 26.1% were from a nonEnglish speaking background, compared with 31.4% and 24.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest nonEnglish speaking country of birth in the City of Glen Eira was India, where 3.8% of the population, or 4,993 people, were born. The major differences between the countries of birth of the population in the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of people born in South Africa (2.3% compared to 0.5%)

• A larger percentage of people born in Israel (1.6% compared to 0.1%)

• A larger percentage of people born in India (3.8% compared to 2.7%)

• A larger percentage of people born in Ukraine (1.3% compared to 0.1%) Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people born overseas increased by 6,546 or 16.9%, and the number of people from a nonEnglish speaking background increased by 5,236 or 18.1%. The largest changes in birthplace countries of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were for those born in:

• India (+2,270 persons)

• China (+1,439 persons)

• South Africa (+468 persons)

• Israel (+424 persons) Countries of birth by age Please note that the tables below are derived from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Expanded Community Profiles, based on the most common 50 countries of birth and place of usual residence. The author has only listed the top 10 countries of birth. Country of birth by age: City of Stonnington (LGA)

Age (in years) 0–4 5–14 15–24 25–44 45–54 55–64 65–74 75–84 85+ Total Australia 3,848 6,702 8,514 20,110 7,194 5,969 3,771 2,198 1,166 59,472 England 53 157 202 1,225 549 474 349 173 96 3,275 India 75 100 306 1,660 115 84 59 26 12 2,437 China (excl. SARs and Taiwan Province) 11 51 779 931 280 146 90 64 23 2,375 New Zealand 13 58 284 1,209 340 241 97 41 14 2,297 Greece 0 3 7 71 168 260 633 507 70 1,719 Malaysia 3 24 226 474 153 139 59 22 8 1,108 United States of America 39 114 90 293 104 87 38 15 9 789 South Africa 0 10 62 309 101 112 50 22 14 680 Italy 0 6 9 84 70 127 136 133 59 624 TOTAL 4,351 7,829 12,765 33,899 11,049 9,782 6,830 4,480 2,159 93,144 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011, Expanded Community Profile, Stonnington LGA, Table XO1e and XO1f, Country of Birth of Person by age by sex by place of usual residence http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/communityprofile/LGA26350?opendocument&navpos=230 Countries of birth by age: City of Glen Eira (LGA) Age (in years) 0–4 5–14 15–24 25–44 45–54 55–64 65–74 75–84 85+ Total Australia 7,663 12,815 10,922 21,860 10,353 7,206 3,356 2,936 1,882 78,993 India 124 221 611 3,319 289 181 130 83 33 4,991 China (excl. SARs and Taiwan Province) 21 112 1,307 1,724 590 243 145 74 21 4,237 England 63 178 126 1,075 707 655 415 317 193 3,729 South Africa 18 179 334 1,100 604 378 209 160 45 3,027 Greece 0 10 12 102 221 411 812 531 80 2,179 New Zealand 37 123 181 817 375 221 85 43 24 1,906 Poland 0 7 17 138 135 367 227 411 546 1,848 Italy 0 6 13 86 128 226 286 323 92 1,160 Germany 8 26 21 147 81 276 137 139 118 953 TOTAL 8,507 15,138 16,254 40,163 17,513 14,146 8,350 6,870 4,072 131,013

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011, Expanded Community Profile, Glen Eira LGA, Table XO1e and XO1f, Country of Birth of Person by age by sex by place of usual residence http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/communityprofile/LGA22310?opendocument&navpos=230 The above tables indicate the top 10 countries of birth by age for CoS and CoGE. Analysis of the countries of birth by age shows: • the percentage of Polandborn residents increases with age, with those born in Poland in the 85+ age group in Glen Eira making up 13.4% of all people in this age group • the percentage of Greeceborn residents is highest in the 65–74 year age group (as a total of the population of the age group: 9.3% in CoS and 9.7% in CoGE) • the percentage of Indiaborn residents is highest in the 25–44 year age group (as a total of the population of the age group: 4.9% in CoS and 8.3% in CoGE) • the age group brackets which have over 50% of the population born outside of Australia include o 6574 year olds (59.8% total in CoGE): coming mainly from Greece, England and Italy o 7584 year olds (50.9% in CoS and 57.3% in CoGE): coming mainly from Greece, Poland, Italy, England, South Africa and Germany o 85+ (53.8% in CoGE): coming mainly from Poland, England and Germany English speaking or non-English speaking countries Please note that the tables below are derived from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Expanded Community Profiles, based on the most common 50 countries of birth and place of usual residence. The author has only determined the English speaking countries to be those which have English as an official or primary language. This includes: Australia, Canada, England, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Mauritius, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Scotland, Singapore, United States of America, Wales and Zimbabwe. Comparisons of this data to that in previous data books can not be make as it is not clear now the author determined English and nonEnglish speaking countries. Proportion of age groups born in primarily English speaking or nonEnglish speaking countries: City of Stonnington

Born in English Born in NES Age groups Not stated Born elsewhere Total speaking countries countries 0–4 years 4,060 (93.3%) 45 (1.0%) 226 (5.2%) 20 (0.5%) 4,351 (100.0%) 514 years 7,248 (92.6%) 198 (2.5%) 321 (4.1%) 62 (0.8%) 7,829 (100.0%) 1524 years 9,855 (77.2%) 1,749 (13.7%) 869 (6.8%) 292 (2.3%) 12,765 (100.0%) 2544 years 26,003 (76.7%) 4,241 (12.5%) 2,398 (7.1%) 1,257 (3.7%) 33,899 (100.0%) 4554 years 8,672 (78.5%) 1,413 (12.8%) 671 (6.1%) 293 (2.7%) 11,049 (100.0%) 5564 years 7,195 (73.6%) 1,586 (16.2%) 649 (6.6%) 352 (3.6%) 9,782 (100.0%) 6574 years 4,510 (66.0%) 1,505 (22.0%) 478 (7.0%) 337 (5.0%) 6,830 (100.0%) 7584 years 2,545 (56.8%) 1,210 (27.0%) 419 (9.4%) 306 (6.8%) 4,480 (100.0%) 85 years and over 1,337 (61.9%) 463 (21.4%) 233 (10.8%) 126 (5.8%) 2,159 (100.0%) Total 71,425 (76.7%) 12,410 (13.3%) 6,264 (6.7%) 3,045 (3.3%) 93,144 Source: Figures in this table are derived from AUSTRALIAN BUREAU OF STATISTICS 2011 Census of Population and Housing Stonnington (C) (LGA 26350) Expanded community profile Table X01 COUNTRY OF BIRTH OF PERSON (a) BY AGE BY SEX Count of

persons based on place of usual residence http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/communityprofile/LGA26350?opendocument&navpos=230 Proportion of age groups born in primarily English speaking or nonEnglish speaking countries: City of Glen Eira

Born in English Born in NES Age groups Not stated Born elsewhere Total speaking countries countries 0–4 years 7,962 (93.6%) 133 (1.6%) 301 (3.5%) 111 (1.3%) 8,507 (100%) 514 years 13,620 (90.0%) 652 (4.3%) 443 (2.9%) 423 (2.8%) 15,138 (100%) 1524 years 13,338 (82.1%) 1,503 (9.2%) 728 (4.5%) 685 (4.2%) 16,254 (100%) 2544 years 28,737 (71.6%) 6,225 (15.5%) 1,899 (4.7%) 3,302 (8.2%) 40,163 (100%) 4554 years 12,458 (71.1%) 2,807 (16.0%) 740 (4.2%) 1,508 (8.6%) 17,513 (100%) 5564 years 8,822 (62.4%) 3,006 (21.2%) 685 (4.8%) 1,633 (11.5%) 14,146 (100%) 6574 years 4,289 (51.4%) 2,525 (30.2%) 479 (5.7%) 1,057 (12.7%) 8,350 (100%) 7584 years 3,545 (51.6%) 2,233 (32.5%) 462 (6.7%) 630 (9.2%) 6,870 (100%) 85 years and over 2,211 (54.3%) 1,190 (29.2%) 360 (8.9%) 311 (7.6%) 4,072 (100%) Total 93,982 (71.7%) 21,274 (16.2%) 6,097 (4.7%) 9,660 (7.4%) 131,013 Source: Figures in this table are derived from AUSTRALIAN BUREAU OF STATISTICS 2011 Census of Population and Housing Glen Eira (C) (LGA 22310) Expanded community profile Table X01 COUNTRY OF BIRTH OF PERSON (a) BY AGE BY SEX Count of persons based on place of usual residence http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/communityprofile/LGA22310?opendocument&navpos=230 Analysis of the above tables shows: • the proportion of the population born in NES country increases with age • it is worth noting that the proportion not stating their country of birth increases with age • the CoGE (16.2 per cent) has a higher proportion of resident who were born in a NES country compared to CoS (13.3 per cent), particularly in those aged 65 years and over (30.8 per cent vs 23.6 per cent respectively). Languages other than English The proportion of the population that speaks a language at home other than English is indicative of how culturally diverse a population is and the degree to which different ethnic groups and nationalities are retaining their language. Languages other than English: City of Stonnington

Language City of Stonnington top 10 nonEnglish languages ranked for 2011 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Place of Usual Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 20011 Greek 3,915 4.2 2.8 3,926 4.4 3.1 11 Mandarin 2,651 2.8 2.5 2,013 2.2 1.7 +638 Cantonese 1,415 1.5 1.8 1,472 1.6 1.8 57 Italian 1,150 1.2 2.8 1,208 1.3 3.3 58 Hindi 752 0.8 0.8 595 0.7 0.5 +157 Russian 732 0.8 0.4 729 0.8 0.4 +3 French 650 0.7 0.4 484 0.5 0.3 +166 In donesian 557 0.6 0.3 610 0.7 0.3 53

Gujarati 556 0.6 0.2 171 0.2 0.1 +385 Spanish 540 0.6 0.7 325 0.4 0.6 +215

Speak English Only 67,408 72.4 66.3 64,719 72.0 68.5 +2,689 Non English total 19,881 21.3 29.1 17,531 19.5 26.0 +2,35 0 Not Stated 5,857 6.3 4.6 7,637 8.5 5.6 1,780 Total 93,146 100.0 100.0 89,887 100.0 100.0 +3,259 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/language Analysis of the language spoken at home by the population of the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of people who spoke English only, and a smaller proportion of those speaking a nonEnglish language (either exclusively, or in addition to English). Overall, 72.4% of the population spoke English only, and 21.3% spoke a nonEnglish language, compared with 66.3% and 29.1% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The dominant language spoken at home, other than English, in the City of Stonnington was Greek, with 4.2% of the population, or 3,915 people speaking this language at home. The major differences between the languages spoken at home for the population of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne in 2011 were:

• A larger percentage speaking Greek at home (4.2% compared to 2.8%)

• A smaller percentage speaking Vietnamese at home (0.5% compared to 2.1%)

• A smaller percentage speaking Italian at home (1.2% compared to 2.8%)

• A smaller percentage speaking Arabic at home (0.3% compared to 1.6%) Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people who spoke a language other than English at home increased by 2,350 or 13.4%, and the number of people who spoke English only increased by 2,689 or 4.2%. The largest changes in the spoken languages of the population in the City of Stonnington between 2006 and 2011 were for those speaking:

• Mandarin (+638 persons)

• Gujarati (+385 persons)

• Spanish (+215 persons)

• French (+166 persons) Languages other than English: City of Glen Eira

Language City of Glen Eira top 10 nonEnglish languages ranked for 2011 2011 2006

Change Greater Greater Place of Usual Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Greek 5,884 4.5 2. 8 5,779 4.7 3.1 +105 Russian 5,009 3.8 0.4 4,824 3.9 0.4 +185 Mandarin 4,258 3.3 2.5 2,859 2.3 1.7 +1,399 Hebrew 3,058 2.3 0.1 2,419 1.9 0.1 +639 Italian 1,991 1.5 2.8 2,088 1.7 3.3 97

Cantonese 1,556 1.2 1.8 1,500 1.2 1.8 +56 Hindi 1,342 1.0 0.8 79 9 0.6 0.5 +543 Yiddish 1,039 0.8 0.0 1,005 0.8 0.0 +34 Polish 982 0.7 0.4 1,146 0.9 0.4 164 Gujarati 959 0.7 0.2 178 0.1 0.1 +781

Speak English Only 87,020 66.4 66.3 83,868 67.6 68.5 +3,152 Non English total 38,554 29.4 29.1 32,187 25.9 26.0 +6,367 Not Stated 5,440 4.2 4.6 8,025 6.5 5.6 2,585 Total 131,014 100.0 100.0 124,080 100.0 100.0 +6,934 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/language Analysis of the language spoken at home by the population of the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a similar proportion of people who spoke English only, as well as a similar proportion of those speaking a nonEnglish language (either exclusively, or in addition to English). Overall, 66.4% of the population spoke English only, and 29.4% spoke a nonEnglish language, compared with 66.3% and 29.1% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The dominant language spoken at home, other than English, in the City of Glen Eira was Greek, with 4.5% of the population, or 5,884 people speaking this language at home. The major differences between the languages spoken at home for the population of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne in 2011 were:

• A larger percentage speaking Russian at home (3.8% compared to 0.4%)

• A larger percentage speaking Hebrew at home (2.3% compared to 0.1%)

• A larger percentage speaking Greek at home (4.5% compared to 2.8%)

• A smaller percentage speaking Vietnamese at home (0.5% compared to 2.1%) Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people who spoke a language other than English at home increased by 6,367 or 19.8%, and the number of people who spoke English only increased by 3,152 or 3.8%. The largest changes in the spoken languages of the population in the City of Glen Eira between 2006 and 2011 were for those speaking:

• Mandarin (+1,399 persons)

• Gujarati (+781 persons)

• Hebrew (+639 persons)

• Hindi (+543 persons) Proficiency in English Derived from the census question, ‘How well does the person speak English?’ and applies to the whole population. The data, when viewed with other ethnic and cultural indicators, such as country of birth, language spoken at home and religion, reflects the ethnic composition of the population and the number of years of residence in Australia. In general, an area with a higher proportion of persons born in English speaking countries or who emigrated from NES countries several decades ago is likely to have greater English speaking proficiency.

Proficiency in English: City of Stonnington

Proficiency in English City of Stonnington 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Place of Usual Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 20011 Speaks English only 67,411 72.4 66.3 64,717 72.0 68.5 +2,694 Speaks another language and English well or very well 17,242 18.5 24.0 14,813 16.5 21.1 +2,429 Speaks another language, and English not well or not at all 2,700 2.9 5.0 2,728 3.0 4.9 28 Not stated 5,791 6.2 4.6 7,629 8.5 5.6 1,838 Total 93,144 100.0 100.0 89,887 100.0 100.0 +3,257

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/speaks english Analysis of the proficiency in English data for the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of persons who spoke English only, and a lower proportion of persons who spoke another language and English not well or not at all. Overall, 72.4% of persons spoke English only, and 2.9% spoke another language and English not well or not at all, compared with 66.3% and 5.0% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The most significant changes in the proficiency in English of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in those speaking:

• Speaks English only (+2,694 persons)

• Speaks another language, and English well or very well (+2,429 persons) Proficiency in English: City of Glen Eira

Proficiency in English City of Glen Eira 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Place of Usual Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 20011 Speaks English only 87,020 66.4 66.3 83,866 67.6 68.5 +3,154 Speaks another language and English well or very well 33,593 25.6 24.0 27,870 22.5 21.1 +5,723 Speaks another language, and English not well or not at all 4,897 3.7 5.0 4,290 3.5 4.9 +607 Not stated 5,507 4.2 4.6 8,057 6.5 5.6 2,550 Total 131,017 100.0 100.0 124,083 100.0 100.0 +6,934

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/speaks english Analysis of the proficiency in English data for the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a similar proportion of persons who spoke English only, and a lower proportion of persons who spoke another language and English not well or not at all. Overall, 66.4% of persons spoke English only, and 3.7% spoke another language and English not well or not at all, compared with 66.3% and 5.0% respectively for Greater Melbourne.

The most significant changes in the proficiency in English of the population in this area between 2006 and 2011 were in those speaking:

• Speaks another language, and English well or very well (+5,723 persons)

• Speaks English only (+3,154 persons)

• Speaks another language, and English not well or not at all (+607 persons) Recent arrivals The year of arrival data indicates the year (or period) when the overseas born population arrived in Australia. The data shows the degree to which areas are 'ports' for new overseas migrants and reveals the role of the area in housing the overseas born. Recent arrival numbers in an area are often determined by: • housing affordability • employment opportunities • preexisting communities located in the area. Recent arrivals: City of Stonnington

Year of arrival City of Stonnington (year of arrival in Australia) 2011

Place of Usual Residence number % Greater Melbourne

2006 to 9 Aug 2011 8,555 31.2 23.2 2001 to 2005 3,063 11.2 11.2 1991 to 2000 (10 year period) 3,272 11.9 14.4 1981 to 1990 (10 year period) 3,274 11.9 14.7 1971 to 1980 (10 year period) 2,492 9.1 10.1 1961 to 1970 (10 year period) 2,814 10.3 12.3 Arrived in 1960 or earlier 2,898 10.6 10.0 Not stated 1,043 3.8 4.2 Total 27,411 100.0 100.0

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/overseasarrivals Analysis of the year of arrival for the overseas born population of the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of people who arrived before 2001, and a larger proportion of recent arrivals (those who arrived between 2006 and 2011). Overall, 53.8% of the overseas born population arrived before 2001, and 31.2% arrived during or after 2006, compared with 61.4% and 23.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the year of arrival data of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of arrivals between 2006 and 9 Aug 2011 (31.2% compared to 23%)

• A smaller percentage of arrivals between 1981 and 1990 (11.9% compared to 14.7%)

• A smaller percentage of arrivals between 1991 and 2000 (11.9% compared to 14.4%)

• A smaller percentage of arrivals between 1961 and 1970 (10.3% compared to 12.3%) Recent arrivals: City of Glen Eira

Year of arrival City of Glen Eira (year of arrival in Australia) 2011

Place of Usual Residence number % Greater Melbourne

2006 to 9 Aug 2011 11,683 25.4 23.2 2001 to 2005 5,087 11.1 11.2 1991 to 2000 (10 year period) 6,989 15.2 14.4 1981 to 1990 (10 year period) 5,920 12.9 14.7 1971 to 1980 (10 year period) 4,435 9.7 10.1 1961 to 1970 (10 year period) 4,437 9.7 12.3 Arrived in 1960 or earlier 5,726 12.5 10.0 Not stated 1,655 3.6 4.2 Total 45,932 100.0 100.0

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/overseasarrivals Analysis of the year of arrival for the overseas born population of the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of people who arrived before 2001, and a larger proportion of recent arrivals (those who arrived between 2006 and 2011). Overall, 59.9% of the overseas born population arrived before 2001, and 25.4% arrived during or after 2006, compared with 61.4% and 23.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the year of arrival data of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of arrivals between 1960 or earlier (12.5% compared to 10.0%)

• A larger percentage of arrivals between 2006 and 9 Aug 2011 (25.4% compared to 23.2%)

• A larger percentage of arrivals between 1991 and 2000 (15.2% compared to 14.4%)

• A smaller percentage of arrivals between 1961 and 1970 (9.7% compared to 12.3%) Religion Religion is an indicator of cultural identity and ethnicity when observed in conjunction with other key variables. The data reveals the major concentrations of religions in an area as well as highlighting the proportion of persons with no religion. There are a number of reasons for different religious compositions across areas. These include: • the country of birth and ethnic background of the population • the age of the population (belief in religion is generally stronger, the older the population). Top 10 religious denominations: City of Stonnington

Religion City of Stonnington top 10 religions ranked for 2011 (persons) 2011 2006 Greater Greater Change 2006 Usual Place of Residence number % number % Melbourne Melbourne to 2011

Western (Roman) Catholic 19,389 20.8 27.1 19,078 21.2 28.2 +311

Anglican 13,840 14.9 10.8 15,195 16.9 12.2 1,355

Greek Orthodox 4,805 5.2 4.0 4,892 5.4 4.3 87

Judaism 4,578 4.9 1.1 4,581 5.1 1.1 3

Uniting Church 3,304 3.5 3.4 3,931 4.4 4.0 627

Buddhism 2,549 2.7 4.0 2,286 2.5 3.5 +263

Hinduism 2,145 2.3 2.0 1,331 1.5 1.1 +814

Presbyterian and Reformed 1,897 2.0 2.1 1,970 2.2 2.3 73

Islam 1,084 1.2 3.6 950 1.1 2.8 +134

Christian, nfd 1,062 1.1 1.9 805 0.9 1.4 +257

Christian total 46,891 50.3 55.8 48,444 53.9 59.0 1,553

Non Christian total 10,896 11.7 11.8 9,642 10.7 9.1 +1,254

Nonclassifiable religious belief 1,008 1.1 0.9 824 0.9 0.8 +184

No religion 25,366 27.2 23.5 18,814 20.9 20.0 +6,552

Not stated 8,985 9.6 8.1 12,163 13.5 11.1 3,178

Total Population 93,146 100.0 100.0 89,887 100.0 100.0 +3,259

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/religion Analysis of the religious affiliation of the population of the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of people who professed a religion and a higher proportion who stated they had no religion. Overall, 62.0% of the population nominated a religion, and 27.2% said they had no religion, compared with 67.6% and 23.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest single religion in the City of Stonnington was Western (Roman) Catholic, with 20.8% of the population or 19,389 people as adherents. The major differences between the religious affiliation for the population of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage who nominated Anglican (14.9% compared to 10.8%)

• A larger percentage who nominated Judaism (4.9% compared to 1.1%)

• A larger percentage who nominated Greek Orthodox (5.2% compared to 4.0%)

• A smaller percentage who nominated Western (Roman) Catholic (20.8% compared to 27.1%) The largest changes in the religious affiliation of the population in the City of Stonnington between 2006 and 2011 were for those who nominated:

• Anglican (1,355 persons)

• Hinduism (+814 persons)

• Uniting Church (627 persons)

• Western (Roman) Catholic (+311 persons)

Top 10 religious denominations: City of Glen Eira

Religion City of Glen Eira top 10 religions ranked for 2011 (persons) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Usual Place of Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Western (Roman) Catholic 26,265 20.0 27.1 26,247 21.2 28.2 +18 Judaism 24,774 18.9 1.1 22,061 17.8 1.1 +2,713 Anglican 11,057 8.4 10.8 12,042 9.7 12.2 985 Greek Orthodox 7,554 5.8 4.0 7,213 5.8 4.3 +341 Hinduism 4,054 3.1 2.0 2,094 1.7 1.1 +1,960 Uniting Church 3,798 2.9 3.4 4,484 3.6 4.0 686 Buddhism 2,799 2.1 4.0 2,323 1.9 3.5 +476 Presbyterian and Reformed 1,986 1.5 2.1 2,322 1.9 2.3 336 Christian,nfd 1,261 1.0 1.9 1,083 0.9 1.4 +178 Islam 946 0.7 3.6 671 0.5 2.8 +275

Christian total 56,116 42.8 55.8 57,493 46.3 59.0 1,377 Non Christian total 33,589 25.6 11.8 27,857 22.5 9.1 +5,732 Nonclassifiable religious belief 1,152 0.9 0.9 886 0.7 0.8 +266 No religion 30,042 22.9 23.5 23,200 18.7 20.0 +6,842 Not stated 10,118 7.7 8.1 14,646 11.8 11.1 4,528 Total Population 131,017 100.0 100.0 124,082 100.0 100.0 +6,935

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 and 2006 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/religion Analysis of the religious affiliation of the population of the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of people who professed a religion and a lower proportion who stated they had no religion. Overall, 68.5% of the population nominated a religion, and 22.9% said they had no religion, compared with 67.6% and 23.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest single religion in the City of Glen Eira was Western (Roman) Catholic, with 20.0% of the population or 26,265 people as adherents. The major differences between the religious affiliation for the population of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage who nominated Judaism (18.9% compared to 1.1%)

• A larger percentage who nominated Greek Orthodox (5.8% compared to 4.0%)

• A larger percentage who nominated Hinduism (3.1% compared to 2.0%)

• A smaller percentage who nominated Western (Roman) Catholic (20.0% compared to

• 27.1%) The largest changes in the religious affiliation of the population in the City of Glen Eira between 2006 and 2011 were for those who nominated:

• Judaism (+2,713 persons)

• Hinduism (+1,960 persons)

• Anglican (985 persons)

• Uniting Church (686 persons)

HOUSING AND HOUSEHOLDS Tenure type Derived from the Census questions, ‘Is this dwelling [owned outright, owned with a mortgage etc]’, and ‘If this dwelling is being rented, who is it rented from?’ Tenure data, to some extent, provide insights into the socioeconomic status of an area as well as the role that the area plays in the housing market. NB. Care should be taken when analysing change over time (to previous data books) for 'Owned' and 'Being purchased' categories as changes to the wording of the responses in the census questionnaire between 2001 and 2006 may have resulted in skewed data. Housing tenure type: City of Stonnington Housing tenure City of Stonnington (households) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Enumerated number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Fully owned 12,025 28.5 31.5 11,816 29.1 33.1 +209 Mortgage 9,195 21.8 35.3 8,831 21.7 34.8 +364 Renting 17,370 41.2 26.5 15,637 38.5 24.3 +1,733 Renting Social housing 1,307 3.1 2.9 1,442 3.5 3.0 135 Renting Private 15,794 37.5 23.1 13,852 34.1 20.7 +1,942 Renting Not stated 269 0.6 0.5 343 0.8 0.6 74 Other tenure type 280 0.7 0.7 218 0.5 0.6 +62 Not stated 3,283 7.8 5.9 4,160 10.2 7.2 877 Total households 42,153 100.0 100.0 40,662 100.0 100.0 +1,491

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 20011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/tenure Analysis of the housing tenure of the population of the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of households who owned their dwelling; a smaller proportion purchasing their dwelling; and a larger proportion who were renters. Overall, 28.5% of the population owned their dwelling; 21.8% were purchasing, and 41.2% were renting, compared with 31.5%, 35.3% and 26.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest changes in housing tenure categories for the households in the City of Stonnington between 2006 and 2011 were:

• Renting Private (+1,942 persons)

• Mortgage (+364 persons)

• Fully owned (+209 persons)

• Renting Social housing (135 persons) The total number of households in City of Stonnington increased by 1,491 between 2006 and 2011.

Housing tenure type: City of Glen Eira

Housing tenure City of Glen Eira (households) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Enumerated number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Fully owned 17,408 33.5 31.5 17,413 34.6 33.1 5 Mortgage 15,415 29.7 35.3 14,667 29.1 34.8 +748 Renting 15,852 30.5 26.5 13,979 27.7 24.3 +1,873 Renting Social housing 668 1.3 2.9 649 1.3 3.0 +19 Renting Private 14,912 28.7 23.1 12,944 25.7 20.7 +1,968 Renting Not stated 272 0.5 0.5 386 0.8 0.6 114 Other tenure type 353 0.7 0.7 315 0.6 0.6 +38 Not stated 2,870 5.5 5.9 4,022 8.0 7.2 1,152 Total households 51,898 100.0 100.0 50,396 100.0 100.0 +1,502

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/tenure Analysis of the housing tenure of the population of the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of households who owned their dwelling; a smaller proportion purchasing their dwelling; and a larger proportion who were renters. Overall, 33.5% of the population owned their dwelling; 29.7% were purchasing, and 30.5% were renting, compared with 31.5%, 35.3% and 26.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest changes in housing tenure categories for the households in the City of Glen Eira between 2006 and 2011 were:

• Renting Private (+1,968 persons)

• Mortgage (+748 persons)

• Renting Not stated (114 persons) The total number of households in City of Glen Eira increased by 1,502 between 2006 and 2011. Occupancy rates The size of households in general follows the lifecycle of families. Households are usually small at the stage of relationship formation (early marriage), and then increase in size with the advent of children. They later reduce in size again as these children reach adulthood and leave home. However, household size can also be influenced by a lack, (or abundance) of affordable housing. Further, overseas migrants and Indigenous persons often have a tradition of living with extended family members and/or other families. Occupancy rates: City of Stonnington

Household size City of Stonnington (number of persons usually resident) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Enumerated data number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 1 Person 13,199 33.8 23.3 12,819 34.7 23.7 +380 2 Persons 14,220 36.4 32.0 13,248 35.8 32.1 +972 3 Persons 5,180 13.2 17.0 4,709 12.7 16.6 +471 4 Persons 4,328 11.1 17.4 4,099 11.1 17.2 +229

5 Persons 1,703 4.4 7.2 1,641 4.4 7.3 +62 6 or more Persons 470 1.2 3.2 473 1.3 3.0 3 Total 39,100 100.0 100.0 36,989 100.0 100.0 +2,111

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/householdsize Analysis of the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Stonnington compared with Greater Melbourne shows that there were a higher proportion of lone person households, and a lower proportion of larger households (those with 4 persons or more). Overall there were 33.8% of lone person households, and 16.6% of larger households, compared with 23.3% and 27.8% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences in the household size for the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of households with 1 person usually resident (33.8% compared to 23.3%)

• A larger percentage of households with 2 persons usually resident (36.4% compared to 32.0%)

• A smaller percentage of households with 4 persons usually resident (11.1% compared to 17.4%)

• A smaller percentage of households with 3 persons usually resident (13.2% compared to 17.0%) The number of households in City of Stonnington increased by 2,111 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Stonnington between 2006 and 2011 were:

• 2 persons (+972 households)

• 3 persons (+471 households)

• 1 person (+380 households)

• 4 persons (+229 households) Occupancy rates: City of Glen Eira

Household size City of Glen Eira (number of persons usually resident) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Enumerated data number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 1 Person 13,863 27.8 23.3 14,147 29.7 23.7 284 2 Persons 15,530 31.1 32.0 15,153 31.8 32.1 +377 3 Persons 8,014 16.1 17.0 7,331 15.4 16.6 +683 4 Persons 8,442 16.9 17.4 7,389 15.5 17.2 +1,053 5 Persons 3,040 6.1 7.2 2,682 5.6 7.3 +358 6 or more Persons 1,011 2.0 3.2 945 2.0 3.0 +66 Total 49,900 100.0 100.0 47,647 100.0 100.0 +2,253

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 20011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/household size Analysis of the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Glen Eira compared with Greater Melbourne shows that there were a higher proportion of lone person households, and a lower proportion of larger households (those with 4 persons or more). Overall there were 55.6% of lone person households, and 50.1% of larger households, compared with 46.6% and 55.5% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences in the household size for the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of households with 1 person usually resident (27.8% compared to 23.3%)

• A smaller percentage of households with 6 or more persons usually resident (2.0% compared to 3.2%)

• A smaller percentage of households with 6 or more persons usually resident (2.0% compared to 3.2%) The number of households in City of Glen Eira increased by 4,506 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the number of persons usually resident in a household in the City of Glen Eira between 2006 and 2011 were:

• 4 persons (+1,053 households)

• 3 persons (+683 households) Family/household type The household and family structure of the population is an indicator of an area’s residential role and function (relating to the types of housing markets attracted to the area). It is usually indicative of the area’s era of settlement and provides key insights into the level of demand for services and facilities (as most services and facilities are age and household typespecific). Family household type: City of Stonnington

Household/family types (Households) City of Stonnington

2011 2006

Greater Change Greater Enumerated data number % number % Melbourne 2006 to Melbourne % % 2011 Couples with young child(ren) aged under 15 only 4,858 11.5 17.7 4,536 11.2 17.2 +322 Couples with mixedage child(ren) – one or more children under 15 and one or more over 15 947 2.2 4.6 969 2.4 5.0 22 Couples with older child(ren) – aged 15 and over only 2,881 6.8 11.3 2,809 6.9 11.4 +72 Total couples with child(ren) 8,686 20.6 33.6 8,314 20.4 33.5 +372 Total couples without child(ren) 10,218 24.2 23.5 9,273 22.8 22.9 +945 Single parents with young child(ren) 654 1.6 3.5 670 1.6 3.8 16 Single parents with mixedage child(ren) 179 0.4 1.2 185 0.5 1.3 6 Single parents with older child(ren) 1,544 3.7 5.7 1,470 3.6 5.3 +74 Total single parent families 2,377 5.6 10.4 2,325 5.7 10.4 +52 Total households with children 11,063 26.2 44.0 10,639 26.2 43.9 +424 Other families 770 1.8 1.4 795 2.0 1.4 25

Young lone persons (1544 years) 5,801 13.8 7.3 5,636 13.9 7.8 +165 Middleaged lone persons (4564 years) 3,535 8.4 7.0 3,378 8.3 6.8 +157 Older lone persons (65 and over) 3,854 9.1 8.0 3,807 9.4 7.9 +47 Total lone person households 13,190 31.3 22.3 12,821 31.5 22.5 +369 Group households 3,865 9.2 4.5 3,463 8.5 4.2 +402 Other not classifiable households 2,364 5.6 3.4 3,141 7.7 4.3 777 Total households 42,152 100.0 100.0 40,664 100.0 100.0 +1,488

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2001 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/households

Analysis of the household/family types in the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of couple families with child(ren) as well as a lower proportion of oneparent families. Overall, 20.6% of total families were couple families with child(ren), and 5.6% were oneparent families, compared with 33.6% and 10.4% respectively for Greater Melbourne. There were a higher proportion of Lone Person Households and a higher proportion of Couples without Children. Overall, the proportion of Lone Person households was 31.3% compared to 22.3% in Greater Melbourne while the proportion of Couples without Children was 24.2% compared to 23.5% in Greater Melbourne. Between 2006 and 2011 the total number of households in City of Stonnington increased by 1,488. The largest changes in family/household types in the City of Stonnington between 2006 and 2011 were:

• Couples without children (+945 households)

• Young couples without children (+810 persons)

• Group household (+402 households)

• Couples with children (+372 households)

• Lone person (+369 households)

• Older couples without children (+319 persons)

• Middleaged couples without children (184 persons) Family household type: City of Glen Eira

Household/family types (Households) City of Glen Eira

2011 2006

Greater Change Greater Enumerated data number % number % Melbourne 2006 to Melbourne % % 2011 Couples with young child(ren) aged under 15 only 9,412 18.1 17.7 8,304 16.5 17.2 +1,108 Couples with mixedage child(ren) – one or more children under 15 and one or more over 15 1,969 3.8 4.6 1,954 3.9 5.0 +15 Couples with older child(ren) – aged 15 and over only 5,159 9.9 11.3 4,825 9.6 11.4 +334 Total couples with child(ren) 16,540 31.9 33.6 15,083 29.9 33.5 +1,457 Total couples without child(ren) 11,855 22.8 23.5 11,273 22.4 22.9 +582 Single parents with young child(ren) 1,261 2.4 3.5 1,259 2.5 3.8 +2 Single parents with mixedage child(ren) 371 0.7 1.2 355 0.7 1.3 +16 Single parents with older child(ren) 2,538 4.9 5.7 2,402 4.8 5.3 +136 Total single parent families 4,170 8.0 10.4 4,016 8.0 10.4 +154 Total households with children 20,710 39.9 44.0 19,099 37.9 43.9 +1,611 Other families 763 1.5 1.4 776 1.5 1.4 13

Young lone persons (1544 years) 4,257 8.2 7.3 4,513 9.0 7.8 256 Middleaged lone persons (4564 years) 4,078 7.9 7.0 3,902 7.7 6.8 +176 Older lone persons (65 and over) 5,538 10.7 8.0 5,732 11.4 7.9 194 Total lone person households 13,873 26.7 22.3 14,147 28.1 22.5 274 Group households 2,704 5.2 4.5 2,346 4.7 4.2 +358

Other not classifiable households 1,590 3.1 3.4 2,427 4.8 4.3 837 Total households 51,889 100.0 100.0 50,398 100.0 100.0 +1,501

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/households Analysis of the household/family types in the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of couple families with child(ren) as well as a lower proportion of oneparent families. Overall, 31.9% of total families were couple families with child(ren), and 8.0% were oneparent families, compared with 33.6% and 10.4% respectively for Greater Melbourne. There were a higher proportion of Lone Person Households and a lower proportion of Couples without Children. Overall, the proportion of Lone Person households was 26.7% compared to 22.3% in Greater Melbourne while the proportion of Couples without Children was 22.8% compared to 23.5% in Greater Melbourne. Between 2006 and 2011 the total number of households in City of Glen Eira increased by 1,501. While some household types declined, the total number of households with children increased by 1,611 households or 8.4%. The largest changes in family/household types in the City of Glen Eira between 2006 and 2011 were:

• Couples with children (+1,457 households)

• Couples with young children (+1,108 households)

• Couples without children (+582 households)

• Young couples without children (+439 persons)

• Group households (+358 persons)

• Young lone persons (256 persons)

• Older lone persons (194 persons) Housing affordability This data is indicative of the residential role and function of an area and is directly related to the value of residential property in an area. When viewed with household income data it may also be indicative of the level of ‘housing stress’ households in the community are under. In ‘mortgage belt’ areas it is expected that households will be paying a higher proportion of their income on their housing compared to wellestablished areas. Mortgage payment levels are not directly comparable over time because of inflation Housing affordability: City of Stonnington

Monthly housing loan repayments (households) City of Stonnington (2011)

Enumerated data number % Greater Melbourne Nil repayments 349 3.8 2.2 $1 $149 85 0.9 0.8 $150 $299 67 0.7 1.0 $300 $449 133 1.4 2.1 $450 $599 115 1.3 2.0 $600 $799 202 2.2 3.6 $800 $999 265 2.9 4.8 $1000 $1199 398 4.3 6.3 $1200 $1399 397 4.3 7.4 $1400 $1599 395 4.3 7.3 $1600 $1799 429 4.7 8.3 $1800 $199 9 291 3.2 6.5

$2000 $2199 785 8.5 10.7 $2200 $2399 324 3.5 4.9 $2400 $2599 384 4.2 4.0 $2600 $2999 556 6.0 7.0 $3000 $3999 1,262 13.7 9.2 $4000 $4999 815 8.9 3.5 $5000 and over 1,356 14.7 3.0 Not stated 588 6.4 5.6 Total households with a mortgage 9,196 100.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 20011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/housingloan Analysis of the monthly housing loan repayments of households in the City of Stonnington compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of households paying high mortgage repayments ($2,600 per month or more), and a smaller proportion of households with low mortgage repayments (less than $1000 per month). Overall, 43.4% of households were paying high mortgage repayments, and 13.2% were paying low repayments, compared with 22.6% and 16.5% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the household loan repayments of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of $5000 and over (14.7% compared to 3.0%)

• A larger percentage of $4000$4999 (8.9% compared to 3.5%)

• A larger percentage of $3000$3999 (13.7% compared to 9.2%)

• A larger percentage of Nil repayments (3.8% compared to 2.2%) Housing affordability: City of Glen Eira

Monthly housing loan repayments (households) City of Glen Eira (2011) Enumerated data number % Greater Melbourne Nil repayments 449 2.9 2.2 $1 $149 151 1.0 0.8 $150 $299 157 1.0 1.0 $300 $449 295 1.9 2.1 $450 $599 274 1.8 2.0 $600 $799 464 3.0 3.6 $800 $999 582 3.8 4.8 $1000 $1199 808 5.2 6.3 $1200 $1399 831 5.4 7.4 $1400 $1599 819 5.3 7.3 $1600 $1799 848 5.5 8.3 $1800 $1999 602 3.9 6.5 $2000 $2199 1,483 9.6 10.7 $2200 $2399 695 4.5 4.9 $2400 $2599 681 4.4 4.0 $2600 $2999 1,076 7.0 7.0 $3000 $3999 2,291 14.9 9.2 $4000 $4999 1,099 7.1 3.5 $5000 and over 871 5.7 3.0 Not stated 938 6.1 5.6

Total households with a mortgage 15,414 10 0.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/housingloan Analysis of the monthly housing loan repayments of households in the City of Glen Eira compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of households paying high mortgage repayments ($2,600 per month or more), and a smaller proportion of households with low mortgage repayments (less than $1000 per month). Overall, 34.6% of households were paying high mortgage repayments, and 15.4% were paying low repayments, compared with 22.6% and 16.5% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the household loan repayments of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of $3000$3999 (14.9% compared to 9.2%)

• A larger percentage of $4000$4999 (7.1% compared to 3.5%)

• A larger percentage of $5000 and over (5.7% compared to 3.0%)

• A smaller percentage of $1600$1799 (5.5% compared to 8.3%) Rental affordability This data is indicative of the residential role and function of an area and is directly related to the value of residential property of an area. When viewed with household income data it may also be indicative of the level of ‘housing stress’ households in the community are under. Rental payments are not directly comparable over time because of inflation Rental affordability: City of Stonnington

Weekly housing rental (households) City of Stonnington (2011) Enumerated data number % Greater Melbourne Nil 426 2.5 3.0 $1 $74 134 0.8 1.3 $75 $99 516 3.0 3.3 $100 $124 182 1.0 2.1 $125 $149 279 1.6 2.1 $150 $174 285 1.6 2.9 $175 $199 258 1.5 2.9 $200 $224 434 2.5 5.2 $225 $249 693 4.0 5.3 $250 $274 1,126 6.5 8.4 $275 $299 959 5.5 7.7 $300 $324 1,474 8.5 11.6 $325 $349 993 5.7 6.4 $350 $374 1,527 8.8 7.9 $375 $399 1,091 6.3 4.6 $400 $424 1,162 6.7 4.9 $425 $449 552 3.2 2.1 $450 $549 2,092 12.0 7.6 $550 $649 1,144 6.6 3.1 $650 $749 554 3.2 1.5 $750 $849 275 1.6 0.8 $850 $949 193 1.1 0.4

$950+ 523 3.0 1.3 Rent Not stated 501 2.9 3.7 Total households renting 17,373 100.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/housingrental Analysis of the weekly housing rental payments of households in the City of Stonnington compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of households paying high rental payments ($400 per week or more), and a smaller proportion of households with low rental payments (less than $150 per week). Overall, 37.4% of households were paying high rental payments, and 8.8% were paying low payments, compared with 21.7% and 11.7% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the housing rental payments of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of $450 $549 (12.0% compared to 7.6%)

• A larger percentage of $550 $649 (6.6% compared to 3.1%)

• A larger percentage of $400 $424 (6.7% compared to 4.9%)

• A larger percentage of $950+ (3.0% compared to 1.3%) Rental affordability: City of Glen Eira

Weekly housing rental (households) City of Glen Eira (2011) Enumerated data number % Greater Melbourne Nil 492 3.1 3.0 $1 $74 146 0.9 1.3 $75 $99 220 1.4 3.3 $100 $124 216 1.4 2.1 $125 $149 247 1.6 2.1 $150 $174 291 1.8 2.9 $175 $199 355 2.2 2.9 $200 $224 844 5. 3 5.2 $225 $249 951 6.0 5.3 $250 $274 1,122 7.1 8.4 $275 $299 976 6.2 7.7 $300 $324 1,419 9.0 11.6 $325 $349 987 6.2 6.4 $350 $374 1,355 8.5 7.9 $375 $399 979 6.2 4.6 $400 $424 1,046 6.6 4.9 $425 $449 489 3.1 2.1 $450 $549 1,7 11 10.8 7.6 $550 $649 699 4.4 3.1 $650 $749 346 2.2 1.5 $750 $849 163 1.0 0.8 $850 $949 79 0.5 0.4 $950+ 211 1.3 1.3 Rent Not stated 505 3.2 3.7 Total households renting 15,849 100.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/housingrental

Analysis of the weekly housing rental payments of households in the City of Glen Eira compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of households paying high rental payments ($400 per week or more), and a smaller proportion of households with low rental payments (less than $150 per week). Overall, 29.9% of households were paying high rental payments, and 8.3% were paying low payments, compared with 21.7% and 11.7% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the housing rental payments of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of $450 $549 (10.8% compared to 7.6%)

• A larger percentage of $400 $424 (6.6% compared to 4.9%)

• A larger percentage of $375 $399 (6.2% compared to 4.6%)

• A larger percentage of $550 $649 (4.4% compared to 3.1%) Households in housing stress Households with housing costs of 30 per cent or more of gross income as a percentage of all households.

Household costs of 30% or more of gross income 2006 2011 CoS 19.9% 23.3% CoGE 18.0% 21.4% SMR 19.7% 22.7% Victoria 17.7% 20.4% Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from Community Indicators Victoria) http://www.communityindicators.net.au/files/instant_atlas_wellbeing/map.html?select=10310 Households with housing costs of 30 per cent or more of gross income, as a percentage of all households, based on place of usual residence 2006 (by Local Government Area, by Census Collection District). Each cell on the below maps is a Census Collection District and represents approximately 220 households. Pockets of mortgage stress can be seen by areas shaded in darker colours. CoGE appears to have greater clusters of mortgage stress compared to CoS. Households in housing stress: City of Stonnington

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 (accessed from community atlas)

Households in housing stress: City of Glen Eira

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 (accessed from community atlas) Public housing stock Total Office of Housing dwellings

Semi Rooming LGA Separate Medium Flat, Flat, Movable Community detached house Other Total 201011 house density lowrise highrise units owned house rooms CoS 22 16 175 638 753 3 93 4 57 1,761 CoGE 67 19 281 243 0 1 24 1 81 730 SMR 4,387 587 4,167 4,029 1,542 411 17 888 1,587 17,615 Source: Department of Human Services, Summary of Housing Assistance Programs 201011, accessed 1 March 2013 http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/aboutthedepartment/documentsandresources/reportspublications/summaryofhousingassistanceprograms In comparing the figures above to data from 2006, major changes include: • An increase in semidetached houses in CoS from 3 to 16. • An increase in rooming house rooms in CoS from 51 to 93. • A decrease in movable units in CoGE from 15 to 1. • A decrease in separate houses in CoGE from 79 to 67. The data indicates that the CoS has a substantially larger number of public housing in comparison to the CoGE, with the majority of these being located in highrise flats (which are not within the CCHS catchment). Rooming houses Rooming houses, CoGE, 2008 Rooming houses, CoS, 2008 Type of Type of rooming Number of rooming Number of house properties Number of bedrooms house properties Number of bedrooms Registered Registered private private 2 46 9 114 rooming rooming houses houses

Registered Registered community community 1 24 2 24 rooming rooming houses houses Total 3 70 Total 11 138

Source: Melbourne Affordable Housing Needs Website (http://www.imrhai.com.au/) In 2008, CoS has a substantially higher number of rooming houses (11) and beds (138) compared to CoGE (3 and 70 respectively). CCHS only services registered community rooming houses. Supported Residential Services As of January 2013, there were 159 operational SRS registered with the Department of Health. The size of these facilities range from as small as 5 people, up to 80 people. Below are the registered services in City of Stonnington and City of Glen Eira and the number of beds they have.

Supported Residential Services – facilities by bedrooms, Supported Residential Services – facilities by bedrooms,

CoS, 2013 CoGE, 2013 Facility Number of beds Facility Number of beds Balmoral* 25 Caulfield House 30

Hollydale Lodge* 21 Caulfield Manor 31 Sheridan Hall – Malvern 45 Finchley Court 20

Glenhuntley Terrace 48

Kiah* 21 Sheridan Hall – Caulfield 40 Total 91 Total 190

* Pension only services which are serviced by Caulfield Community Health Service (CCHS) Source: Department of Health Victoria, Supported Residential Services Register, accessed 28 Jan 2013 http://www.health.vic.gov.au/srs/facilities.htm

EDUCATION The Year of Schooling data is a useful indicator of socioeconomic status of an area. With other indicators, such as proficiency in English, the data informs planners and decisionmakers as to people's ability to access services. Combined with educational qualifications it also allows assessment of the skill base of the population. Educational qualifications are one of the most important indicators of socioeconomic status. With other data sources, such as income and occupation, educational qualifications help to evaluate the economic opportunities and socioeconomic status of an area. Highest level of education completed Highest level of education completed (school and postschool): City of Stonnington

Highest qualification achieved City of Stonnington (persons aged 15 years and over) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Usual Place of Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Bachelor or Higher degree 35,001 43.2 23.6 29,177 37.5 19.6 +5,824 Advanced Diploma or Diploma 7,946 9.8 8.8 7,243 9.3 7.7 +703 Vocational 6,020 7.4 15.0 5,818 7.5 14.2 +202 No qualifications 23,220 28.7 42.4 24,305 31.2 45.8 1,085 Not Stated 8,780 10.8 10.3 11,356 14.6 12.8 2,576 Total 80,967 100.0 100.0 77,899 100.0 100.0 +3,068

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/qualifications Analysis of the qualifications of the population in CoS in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of people holding higher formal qualifications (Bachelor or higher degree or Advanced Diploma or Diploma) and a smaller proportion of people with Vocational or no formal qualifications. Overall, 60.4 per cent of the population held educational qualifications, and 28.7 per cent had no qualifications, compared with 47.4 per cent and 42.4 per cent respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the qualifications held by the population in CoS and Greater Melbourne were: • a larger percentage of people with Bachelor or Higher degrees (43.2% compared to 23.6%) • a smaller percentage of people with Vocational qualifications (7.4% compared to 15.0%) • a smaller percentage of people with no qualifications (28.7% compared to 42.4%). The largest changes in the qualifications of the population in CoS between 2006 and 2011 were in those with: • Bachelor or higher degrees (+5,824 persons) • no qualifications (1,085 persons).

Highest level of education completed (school and postschool): City of Glen Eira

Highest qualification achieved City of Glen Eira (persons aged 15 years and over) 2011 2006

Change Greater Greater Usual Place of Residence number % number % 2006 to Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Bachelor or Higher degree 38,353 35.7 23.6 30,719 30.0 19.6 +7,634 Advanced Diploma or Diploma 10,621 9.9 8.8 9,071 8.9 7.7 +1,550 Vocational 11,359 10.6 15.0 10,966 10.7 14.2 +393 No qualifications 36,610 34.1 42.4 37,706 36.8 45.8 1,096 Not Stated 10,427 9.7 10.3 13,920 13.6 12.8 3,493 Total 107,370 100.0 100.0 102,382 100.0 100.0 +4,988 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/qualifications Analysis of the qualifications of the population in the CoGE in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of people holding higher formal qualifications (Bachelor or higher degree or Advanced Diploma or Diploma) and a smaller proportion of people with Vocational or no formal qualifications. Overall, 56.2 per cent of the population held educational qualifications, and 34.1 per cent had no qualifications, compared with 47.4 per cent and 42.4 per cent respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the qualifications held by the population in the CoGE and Greater Melbourne were: • a larger percentage of people with Bachelor or Higher degrees (35.7% compared to 23.6%) • a smaller percentage of people with Vocational qualifications (10.6% compared to 15.0%) • a smaller percentage of people with No qualifications (34.1% compared to 42.4%). The largest changes in the qualifications in the CoGE population between 2006 and 2011 were in those with : • Bachelor or higher degrees (+7,634 persons) • Advanced Diploma or Diploma (+1,550 persons). Highest level of school completed Highest level of school completed: City of Stonnington

City of Stonnington 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Level of schooling Number % Number % 2006 to 2011 Melbourne Melbourne Year 8 or below 2,339 2.9 6.4 2,776 3.6 7.8 437 Year 9 or equivalent 1,806 2.2 5.5 1,848 2.4 6.2 42 Year 10 or equivalent 4,670 5.8 12.9 5,093 6.5 14.1 423 Year 11 or equivalent 5,695 7 11.5 6,236 8 12.6 541 Year 12 or equivalent 59,081 73 54.6 52,525 67.4 48.4 +6,556 Did not go to school 444 0.5 1.2 437 0.6 1.3 +7 Not stated 6,932 8.6 7.9 8,987 11.5 9.7 2,055 Total persons aged 15+ 80,967 100 100 77,902 100 100 +3,065 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/schooling Of the highest level of schooling attained by the population in CoS in 2006 compared to Greater melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of people who had left school at an early level (Year 10 or less) and a larger proportion of people who completed Year 12 or equivalent.

Overall, 10.9 per cent of the population left school at Year 10 or below, and 73.0 per cent went on to complete Year 12 or equivalent, compared with 24.8 per cent and 54.6 per cent respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the level of schooling attained by the population in CoS and Greater Melbourne were: • a larger percentage of people who left school at Year 12 or equivalent (73.0% compared to 54.6%) • a smaller percentage of people who left school at Year 10 or equivalent (5.8% compared to 12.9%) • a smaller percentage of people who left school at Year 11 or equivalent (7.0% compared to 11.5%) • a smaller percentage of people who left school at Year 8 or below (2.9% compared to 6.4%). Highest level of school completed: City of Glen Eira

City of Glen Eira 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Level of schooling Number % Number % 2006 to 2011 Melbourne Melbourne Year 8 or below 5,025 4.7 6.4 5,815 5.7 7.8 790 Year 9 or equivalent 3,644 3.4 5.5 4,029 3.9 6.2 385 Year 10 or equivalent 9,099 8.5 12.9 10,043 9.8 14.1 944 Year 11 or equivalent 9,721 9.1 11.5 10,197 10.0 12.6 476 Year 12 or equivalent 71,618 66.7 54.6 60,985 59.6 48.4 +10,633 Did not go to school 675 0.6 1.2 706 0.7 1.3 31 Not stated 7,590 7.1 7.9 10,605 10.4 9.7 3,015 Total persons aged 15+ 107,372 100.0 100.0 102,380 100.0 100.0 +4,992 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/schooling Analysis of the highest level of schooling attained by the population in the CoGE in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a smaller proportion of people who had left school at an early level (Year 11 or less) but a larger proportion of people who completed Year 12 or equivalent. Overall, 16.6 per cent of the population left school at Year 10 or below, and 66.7 per cent went on to complete Year 12 or equivalent, compared with 24.8 per cent and 54.6 per cent respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the level of schooling attained by the CoGE and Greater Melbourne were: • a larger percentage of people who left school at Year 12 or equivalent (66.7% compared to 54.6%) • a smaller percentage of people who left school at Year 10 or equivalent (8.5% compared to 12.9%) • a smaller percentage of people who left school at Year 11 or equivalent (9.1% compared to 11.5%) • a smaller percentage of people who left school at Year 9 or equivalent (3.4% compared to 5.5%). Disengaged youth (not in education or employment) The activities of young people who have left school have been sourced from customised 2006 Census tables obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (please note 2011 census data was not yet available). These data describe the level of engagement in work and study activities of 15–19 yearolds who are not attending school. This population can be categorised into three major groups: fully engaged school leavers are defined as those who are involved in work and/or nonschool study (including university, TAFE and vocational training) on a fulltime basis; disengaged school leavers are defined as those who are not involved in any work or study activities at all; and the remaining school leavers are defined as partly engaged. The percentage of fully engaged and disengaged school leavers are presented below.

Area Engaged % Disengaged %

CoS 84.4 7.2

CoGE 81.3 8.4

SMR 71.6 15.3

Victoria 71.9 15.4

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 (accessed through Community Indicators Victoria) http://www.communityindicators.net.au/files/instant_atlas_wellbeing/map.html Both CoS and CoGE have lower rates of disengaged youth compared to SMR and Victoria.

LABOUR FORCE STATUS Employment and unemployment rates Derived from the census question, ‘Last week did the person have a full-time or part-time job of any kind?’ and relates only to persons aged 15 years or more. The employment status of the population is an important indicator of the socioeconomic status of an area. It represents the share of the population that is employed fulltime, parttime or unemployed, as well as changes over time in the labour force. Employment status: City of Stonnington

City of Stonnington 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Usual Place of Residence Number % Number % 2006 to 2011 Melbourne Melbourne Employed 50,933 95.6 94.5 47,137 95.9 94.7 +3,796 Employed fulltime 34,371 64.5 60.1 31,478 64 61 +2,893 Employed parttime 15,803 29.7 32.3 14,742 30 31 +1,061 Hours worked not stated 759 1.4 2.1 917 1.9 2.7 158 Unemployed 2,351 4.4 5.5 2,010 4.1 5.3 +341 Looking for fulltime work 1,228 2.3 3.1 1,068 2.2 3.2 +160 Looking for parttime work 1,123 2.1 2.4 942 1.9 2.1 +181 Total Labour Force 53,284 100 100 49,147 100 100 +4,137 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/employmentstatus Labour Force status: City of Stonnington

City of Stonnington 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Usual Place of Residence Number % Number % 2006 to 2011 Melbourne Melbourne Total Labour force 53,284 65.8 62.5 49,147 63.1 61.2 +4,137 Not in the labour force 22,082 27.3 32.2 21,428 27.5 32.4 +654 Labour force status not stated 5,599 6.9 5.3 7,327 9.4 6.5 1,728 Total persons aged 15+ 80,965 100 100 77,902 100 100 +3,063 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/employmentstatus The size of CoS’s labour force in 2011 was 53,284 persons, of which 15,803 were employed parttime (29.7 per cent) and 34,371 were fulltime workers (64.5 per cent). Analysis of the employment status of the population in CoS in 2011 compared to the MSD shows that there was a similar proportion in employment and a similar proportion unemployed. Overall, 95.6 per cent of the labour force was employed (65.8 per cent of the population aged 15+), and 4.4 per cent unemployed, compared with 94.5 per cent and 5.5 per cent respectively for the MSD. Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people employed in CoS showed an increase of 3,796 persons and the number unemployed showed an increase of 341 persons. Analysis of the labour force participation rate of the population in CoS in 2006 shows that there was a larger proportion in the labour force (65.8 per cent) compared with the MSD (62.5 per cent). Employment status: City of Glen Eira

City of Glen Eira 2011 2006 Change Greater 2006 to Usual Place of Residence Number % Greater Melbourne Number % Melbourne 2011

Employed 66,047 95.4 94.5 60,403 95.9 94.7 +5,644 Employed fulltime 41,132 59.4 60.1 38,162 60.6 61 +2,970 Employed parttime 23,644 34.1 32.3 20,805 33 31 +2,839 Hours worked not stated 1,271 1.8 2.1 1,436 2.3 2.7 165 Unemployed 3,217 4.6 5.5 2,567 4.1 5.3 +650 Looking for fulltime work 1,685 2.4 3.1 1,391 2.2 3.2 +294 Looking for parttime work 1,532 2.2 2.4 1,176 1.9 2.1 +356 Total Labour Force 69,264 100 100 62,970 100 100 +6,294 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011, 2006. http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/employment status Labour Force status: City of Glen Eira

City of Glen Eira 2011 2006 Change 2006 to Usual Place of Residence Number % Greater Melbourne Number % Greater Melbourne 2011 Total Labour force 69,264 64.5 62.5 62,970 61.5 61.2 +6,294 Not in the labour force 32,901 30.6 32.2 31,780 31 32.4 +1,121 Labour force status not stated 5,206 4.8 5.3 7,630 7.5 6.5 2,424 Total persons aged 15+ 107,371 100 100 102,380 100 100 +4,991 Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Census of Population and Housing, 2011, 2006. http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/employment status The size of the CoGE’s labour force in 2011 was 69,264 persons, of which 23,644 were employed parttime (34.1 per cent) and 41,132 were fulltime workers (59.4 per cent). Analysis of the employment status of the population in the CoGE in 2011 compared to the MSD shows that there was a similar proportion in employment and a similar proportion unemployed. Overall, 95.4 per cent of the labour force was employed and 4.6 per cent unemployed compared with 94.5 per cent and 5.5 per cent respectively for the MSD. Between 2006 and 2011, the number of people employed in the CoGE showed an increase of 5,644 persons and the number unemployed showed an increase of 650 persons. The labour force participation rate refers to the proportion of the population over 15 years of age that was employed or actively looking for work. ‘The labour force is a fundamental input to domestic production. Its size and composition are therefore crucial factors in economic growth. From the viewpoint of social development, earnings from paid work are a major influence on levels of economic wellbeing.’ (Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Social Trends 1995). Analysis of the labour force participation rate of the population in the CoGE in 2011 shows that there was a slightly higher proportion in the labour force (64.5 per cent) compared with the MSD (62.5 per cent). Between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Glen Eira the number of people in the labour force showed an increase of 6,294 persons, or 10.0%. Occupation The occupation data identifies the occupations in which the residents of an area work (this may be within the residing area or elsewhere). The occupational structure of the work force is an important indicator of the characteristics of the labour force. With other indicators, such as educational qualifications and income, occupation is a key component of evaluating the socioeconomic status and skill base of an area. Occupation: City of Stonnington City of Stonnington 2011 2006 Change 2006 to Place of Usual Residence Number % Greater Number % Greater 2011

Melbourne Melbourne Managers 9,337 18.3 12.5 8,556 18.2 12.5 +781 Professionals 19,887 39.1 24.1 17,706 37.6 22.5 +2,181 Technicians and Trades Workers 3,222 6.3 13.4 2,960 6.3 13.6 +262 Community and Personal Service Workers 3,850 7.6 8.9 3,417 7.2 8.2 +433 Clerical and Administrative Workers 6,895 13.5 15.3 6,747 14.3 15.9 +148 Sales Workers 4,465 8.8 9.7 4,580 9.7 10.2 115 Machinery Operators And Drivers 615 1.2 5.9 687 1.5 6.4 72 Labourers 1,499 2.9 8 1,508 3.2 8.7 9 Inadequately described 1,157 2.3 2.3 976 2.1 2 +181 Total employed persons aged 15+ 50,927 100 100 47,137 100 100 +3,790 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/occupations An analysis of the jobs held by the resident population in City of Stonnington in 2011 shows the three most popular occupations were:

• Professionals (19,887 people or 39.1%)

• Managers (9,337 people or 18.3%)

• Clerical and Administrative Workers (6,895 people or 13.5%) In combination these three occupations accounted for 36,119 people in total or 70.9% of the employed resident population. In comparison, Greater Melbourne employed 24.1% in Professionals; 12.5% in Managers; and 15.3% in Clerical and Administrative Workers (51.9% total employed population). The major differences between the jobs held by the population of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of persons employed as Professionals (39.1% compared to 24.1%)

• A larger percentage of persons employed as Managers (18.3% compared to 12.5%)

• A smaller percentage of persons employed as Technicians and Trades Workers (6.3% compared to 13.4%)

• A smaller percentage of persons employed as Labourers (2.9% compared to 8.0%) The number of employed people in the City of Stonnington increased by 3,790 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the occupations of residents between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Stonnington were for those employed as:

• Professionals (+2,181 persons)

• Managers (+781 persons)

• Community and Personal Service Workers (+433 persons)

• Technicians and Trades Workers (+262 persons) Occupation: City of Glen Eira City of Glen Eira 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater 2006 to Usual Place of Residence Number % Number % Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Managers 9,923 15 12.5 8,857 14.7 12.5 +1,066 Professionals 21,973 33.3 24.1 19,205 31.8 22.5 +2,768 Technicians and Trades Workers 6,380 9.7 13.4 6,069 10 13.6 +311

Community and Personal Service Workers 5,287 8 8.9 4,479 7.4 8.2 +808 Clerical and Administrative Workers 10,023 15.2 15.3 9,566 15.8 15.9 +457 Sales Workers 6,323 9.6 9.7 6,268 10.4 10.2 +55 Machinery Operators And Drivers 1,629 2.5 5.9 1,842 3 6.4 213 Labourers 2,972 4.5 8 3,028 5 8.7 56 Inadequately described 1,536 2.3 2.3 1,088 1.8 2 +448 Total employed persons aged 15+ 66,046 100 100 60,402 100 100 +5,644 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/occupations An analysis of the jobs held by the resident population in City of Glen Eira in 2011 shows the three most popular occupations were:

• Professionals (21,973 people or 33.3%)

• Clerical and Administrative Workers (10,023 people or 15.2%)

• Managers (9,923 people or 15.0%) In combination these three occupations accounted for 41,919 people in total or 63.5% of the employed resident population. In comparison, Greater Melbourne employed 24.1% in Professionals; 15.3% in Clerical and Administrative Workers; and 12.5% in Managers (51.9% total employed population). The major differences between the jobs held by the population of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of persons employed as Professionals (33.3% compared to 24.1%)

• A larger percentage of persons employed as Managers (15.0% compared to 12.5%)

• A smaller percentage of persons employed as Technicians and Trades Workers (9.7% compared to 13.4%)

• A smaller percentage of persons employed as Labourers (4.5% compared to 8.0%) The number of employed people in City of Glen Eira increased by 5,644 between 2006 and 2011.The largest changes in the occupations of residents between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Glen Eira were for those employed as:

• Professionals (+2,768 persons)

• Managers (+1,066 persons)

• Community and Personal Service Workers (+808 persons)

• Clerical and Administrative Workers (+457 persons)

Income Benefit recipients

2009 data shows CoS has below Victorian average rates for all Centrelink payments with the biggest discrepancy being the single parenting payment: (CoS – 27 vs Victoria – 100). CoGE has below Victoria average for all Centrelink payments, excluding the aged pension. The biggest discrepancy was the single parenting payment: (CoGE – 44 vs Victoria – 100). CoS has substantially less housing deemed affordable (one per cent) for those receiving Centrelink payments alone when compared to Victoria (25 per cent) across a range of situations. Income support The following data shows the various income support received as percentage of the total population eligible for the support as of June 2009:

Income support, June 2009 CoS CoGE Melbourne Victoria Aged pensioners 41.5% 59.1% 70.9% 71.9% Disability support pensioners 2.5% 3.2% 5.0% 5.0% Female sole parent pensioners 1.0% 2.0% 4.2% 4.8% People receiving an unemployment benefit 2.0% 2.2% 3.5% 3.9%

People receiving an unemployment benefit longterm 1.1% 1.3% 2.3% 2.5% People aged 1524 receiving an unemployment benefit 1.5% 1.9% 3.7% 4.4% Lowincome, welfare dependent families (with children) 2.7% 4.2% 8.6% 9.0% Children in lowincome, welfare dependent families 6.5% 8.7% 18.6% 19.6% Health care card holders 4.6% 5.8% 8.5% 9.1% Pensioner concession card holders 10.3% 15.3% 17.7% 19.5% Total centrelink concession card holders 12.9% 17.6% 21.9% 23.8% Source: Social Atlas of Australia: Victoria, accessed 4 March 2013 http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasof australia%3astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_published2012.html Analysis of the data above shows the CoS and CoGE has lower rates of all income support from Centrelink compared to Melbourne and Victoria rates. Household income Derived from the census question, ‘What is the total of all wages/salaries, government benefits, pensions, allowances and other income the person usually receives?’ This is the gross amount and relates only to persons aged 15 years or more. Household income is one of the most important indicators of socioeconomic status. With other data sources, such as Educational Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to evaluate the economic opportunities and socio economic status of an area. Weekly household income: City of Stonnington Enumerated Data 2011 Weekly income Number % Greater Melbourne Negative Income/Nil Income 917 2.3 1.7 $1$199 632 1.6 1.6 $200$299 878 2.2 2.4 $300$399 1,596 4.0 5.3 $400$599 2,195 5.5 8.1 $600$799 2,201 5.5 7.7 $800$999 2,290 5.8 7.5 $1000$1249 2,586 6.5 8.0 $1250$1499 2,704 6.8 7.4 $1500$1999 4,017 10.1 11.7 $2000$2499 2,721 6.8 8.6 $2500$2999 5,205 13.1 8.4 $3000$3499 2,622 6.6 4.9 $3500$3999 1,481 3.7 2.4 $4000$4999 1,373 3.5 2.0 $5000 or more 2,107 5.3 1.8 Not stated 4,256 10.7 10.6 Total households 39,781 100.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/householdincome Analysis of household income levels in the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) and a lower proportion of low income households (those earning less than $600 per week). Overall, 32.1% of the households earned a high income, and 15.6% were low income households, compared with 19.4% and 19.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the household incomes of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of households who earned $2500$2999 (13.1% compared to 8.4%)

• A larger percentage of households who earned $3000$3499 (6.6% compared to 4.9%)

• A larger percentage of households who earned $3500$3999 (3.7% compared to 2.4%)

• A smaller percentage of households who earned $400$599 (5.5% compared to 8.1%) Weekly household income: City of Glen Eira Enumerated Data 2011 Weekly income Number % Greater Melbourne Negative Income/Nil Income 1,034 2.1 1.7 $1$199 788 1.6 1.6 $200$299 1,149 2.3 2.4 $300$399 2,640 5.2 5.3 $400$599 3,816 7.6 8.1 $600$799 3,405 6.8 7.7 $800$999 3,574 7.1 7.5 $1000$1249 3,631 7.2 8.0 $1250$1499 3,436 6.8 7.4 $1500$1999 5,335 10.6 11.7 $2000$2499 3,889 7.7 8.6 $2500$2999 5,059 10.1 8.4 $3000$3499 3,226 6.4 4.9 $3500$3999 1,617 3.2 2.4 $4000$4999 1,441 2.9 2.0 $5000 or more 1,330 2.6 1.8 Not stated 4,933 9.8 10.6 Total households 50,303 100.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/householdincome Analysis of household income levels in the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a larger proportion of high income households (those earning $2,500 per week or more) and a similar proportion of low income households (those earning less than $600 per week). Overall, 25.2% of the households earned a high income, and 18.7% were low income households, compared with 19.4% and 19.2% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the household incomes of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of households who earned $2500$2999 (10.1% compared to 8.4%)

• A larger percentage of households who earned $3000$3499 (6.4% compared to 4.9%)

• A smaller percentage of households who earned $1500$1999 (10.6% compared to 11.7%) Individual income Individual income is an indicator of socioeconomic status. With other data sources, such as household income, Educational Qualifications and Occupation, it helps to evaluate the economic opportunities and socioeconomic status of an area. Weekly individual income: City of Stonnington City of Stonnington 2011 Usual place of residence Number % Greater Melbourne Negative Income/ Nil income 6,775 8.4 9.4 $1$199 4,333 5.4 7.8 $200$299 4,919 6.1 9.8 $300$399 4,900 6.1 8.9 $400$599 6,169 7.6 10.8 $600$799 6,495 8.0 10.2 $800$999 6,407 7.9 8.5 $1000$1249 7,142 8.8 8.3 $1250$1499 5,911 7.3 5.8 $1500$1999 7,330 9.1 6.4 $2000 or more 13,359 16.5 6.5 Not stated 7,223 8.9 7.7

Total persons aged 15+ 80,963 100.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/individualincome Analysis of individual income levels in the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of persons earning a high income (those earning $1,500 per week or more) and a lower proportion of low income persons (those earning less than $400 per week). Overall, 25.6% of the population earned a high income, and 25.8% earned a low income, compared with 12.9% and 35.8% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the City of Stonnington's individual incomes and Greater Melbourne's individual incomes were:

• A larger percentage of persons who earned $2000 or more (16.5% compared to 6.5%)

• A larger percentage of persons who earned $1500$1999 (9.1% compared to 6.4%)

• A larger percentage of persons who earned $1250$1499 (7.3% compared to 5.8%)

• A smaller percentage of persons who earned $200$299 (6.1% compared to 9.8%) Weekly individual income: City of Glen Eira City of Glen Eira 2011 Usual place of residence Number % Greater Melbourne Negative Income/ Nil income 10,180 9.5 9.4 $1$199 7,511 7.0 7.8 $200$299 8,309 7.7 9.8 $300$399 8,759 8.2 8.9 $400$599 11,132 10.4 10.8 $600$799 9,912 9.2 10.2 $800$999 8,660 8.1 8.5 $1000$1249 8,866 8.3 8.3 $1250$1499 6,929 6.5 5.8 $1500$1999 8,429 7.9 6.4 $2000 or more 11,000 10.2 6.5 Not stated 7,683 7.2 7.7 Total persons aged 15+ 107,370 100.0 100.0 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/individualincome Analysis of individual income levels in the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of persons earning a high income (those earning $1,500 per week or more) and a lower proportion of low income persons (those earning less than $400 per week). Overall, 18.1% of the population earned a high income, and 32.4% earned a low income, compared with 12.9% and 35.8% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the City of Glen Eira's individual incomes and Greater Melbourne's individual incomes were:

• A larger percentage of persons who earned $2000 or more (10.2% compared to 6.5%)

• A larger percentage of persons who earned $1500$1999 (7.9% compared to 6.4%)

• A smaller percentage of persons who earned $200$299 (7.7% compared to 9.8%)

• A smaller percentage of persons who earned $600$799 (9.2% compared to 10.2%)

Disability Persons with a need for assistance This population is defined as people who need assistance in their daytoday lives with any or all of the following activities – selfcare, body movements or communication – because of a disability, longterm health condition, or old age. Persons under the age of 40 (including infants) are only included if their stated reason for need for assistance was something other than ‘old or young age’. Persons with a need for assistance: City of Stonnington City of Stonnington 2011 2006 Change % of total Greater % of total Greater Usual Place of Residence Number Number 2006 to 2011 age group Melbourne age group Melbourne 0 to 4 30 0.7 1.0 24 0.5 0.8 +6 5 to 9 63 1.5 2.5 48 1.3 2.0 +15 10 to 19 84 1.1 2.0 78 0.9 1.5 +6 20 to 59 539 0.9 2.0 529 0.9 1.8 +10 60 to 64 138 2.9 6.1 122 2.9 5.6 +16 65 to 69 146 4.0 7.8 183 5.3 6.9 37 70 to 74 248 7.9 11.6 241 9.0 10.7 +7 75 to 79 345 14.5 18.7 351 13.6 16.9 6 80 to 84 475 22.5 28.9 441 20.9 27.9 +34 85 and over 948 43.9 48.4 772 38.8 46.9 +176 Total persons needing assistance 3,016 3.2 4.5 2,789 3.1 4.0 +227 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/assistance Analysis of the need for assistance of persons in the City of Stonnington compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of persons who reported needing assistance with core activities. Overall, 3.2% of the population reported needing assistance with core activities, compared with 4.5% for Greater Melbourne. The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance in the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 80 to 84 (22.5% compared to 28.9%)

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 85 and over (43.9% compared to 48.4%)

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 75 to 79 (14.5% compared to 18.7%)

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 65 to 69 (4.0% compared to 7.8%) The major difference in the age groups reporting a need for assistance between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Stonnington was in the age group:

• 85 and over (+176 persons) Persons with a need for assistance: City of Glen Eira City of Glen Eira 2011 2006 Change % of total Greater % of total Greater Usual Place of Residence Number Number 2006 to 2011 age group Melbourne age group Melbourne 0 to 4 54 0.6 1.0 59 0.8 0.8 5 5 to 9 141 1.8 2.5 120 1.7 2.0 +21 10 to 19 215 1.5 2.0 160 1.2 1.5 +55 20 to 59 950 1.3 2.0 930 1.3 1.8 +20 60 to 64 271 4.0 6.1 207 4.2 5.6 +64 65 to 69 262 5.8 7.8 245 5.8 6.9 +17

70 to 74 412 10.8 11.6 338 8.7 10.7 +74 75 to 79 553 16.3 18.7 571 13.2 16.9 18 80 to 84 883 25.5 28.9 935 23.9 27.9 52 85 and over 1,833 44.9 48.4 1,376 40.7 46.9 +457 Total persons needing assistance 5,574 4.3 4.5 4,941 4.0 4.0 +633 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/assistance Analysis of the need for assistance of persons in the City of Glen Eira compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a similar proportion of persons who reported needing assistance with core activities. Overall, 4.3% of the population reported needing assistance with core activities, compared with 4.5% for Greater Melbourne. The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance in the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 85 and over (44.9% compared to 48.4%)

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 80 to 84 (25.5% compared to 28.9%)

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 75 to 79 (16.3% compared to 18.7%)

• A smaller percentage of persons aged 60 to 64 (4.0% compared to 6.1%) The major differences in the age groups reporting a need for assistance between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Glen Eira were in the age groups:

• 85 and over (+457 persons)

• 70 to 74 (+74 persons)

• 60 to 64 (+64 persons)

• 10 to 19 (+55 persons) Persons providing assistance to a person with a disability Derived from the Census question, ‘In the last two weeks did the person spend time providing unpaid care, help or assistance to family members or others because of a disability, a longterm illness or problems related to old age?’ Unpaid assistance: City of Stonnington Place of Usual Residence 2011 2006 Change 2006 Assistance to a person with a disability, Greater Greater Number % Number % to 2011 long term illness or old age Melbourne Melbourne Provided unpaid assistance 7,942 9.8 10.9 7,349 9.4 10.0 +593 No unpaid assistance provided 65,824 81.3 81.1 61,152 78.5 79.9 +4,672 Not stated 7,200 8.9 8.0 9,401 12.1 10.0 2,201 Total persons aged 15+ 80,966 100.0 100.0 77,902 100.0 100.0 +3,064 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/unpaid care Analysis of the unpaid care provided by the population in the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of persons who provided unpaid care either to family members or others. Overall, 9.8% of the population provided unpaid care, compared with 10.9% for Greater Melbourne

The number of people who provided unpaid assistance to a person with a disability, long term illness or old age in the City of Stonnington increased by 593 people between 2006 and 2011. Unpaid assistance: City of Glen Eira Place of Usual Residence 2011 2006 Change 2006 Assistance to a person with a disability, Greater Greater Number % Number % to 2011 long term illness or old age Melbourne Melbourne Provided unpaid assistance 12,401 11.5 10.9 10,704 10.5 10.0 +1,697 No unpaid assistance provided 87,340 81.3 81.1 80,726 78.8 79.9 +6,614 Not stated 7,633 7.1 8.0 10,950 10.7 10.0 3,317 Total persons aged 15+ 107,374 100.0 100.0 102,380 100.0 100.0 +4,994 Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/unpaidcare Analysis of the unpaid care provided by the population in the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a higher proportion of persons who provided unpaid care either to family members or others. Overall, 11.5% of the population provided unpaid care, compared with 10.9% for Greater Melbourne. The number of people who provided unpaid assistance to a person with a disability, long term illness or old age in the City of Glen Eira increased by 1,697 people between 2006 and 2011. Children and adults with a disability The following data is based on analysis of a specially commissioned data cube of Victorian data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 'Disability, Ageing and Carers' (Cat: 4430.0) and the 'Victoria in Future' (VIF) 2004, population and household projections for the period 2001–2051 published by the Department of Sustainability and the Environment (DSE). Other sources of disability data analysis include the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Totals derived by applying the ABS 2003 disability rates (profound and severe) by age group for Victoria to the DSE population estimates for 30 June 2006. The LGA estimates are intended as a guide only. The ABS disability rates used are statistically reliable at a statewideVictorian level but not at a local/LGA level. The VIF LGA estimates also carry various caveats with regard to data accuracy. The ABS disability rates used are: 0–4 (3.1 per cent); 5–14 (4.7 per cent); 15–24 (2.3 per cent); 25–34 (2.3 per cent); 35–44 (3.7 per cent); 45–54 (5.5 per cent); 55–64 (6.4 per cent). Some totals may not add exactly due to rounding to whole numbers based on decimal percentages used. In most age cohorts the CoS has average or below average numbers of children and adults with a disability while CoGE has slightly above average numbers. Children and adults with a profound or severe disability (Southern Metro)

All children and adults with a disability (Southern Metro)

Source: Association for Children with a Disability, ‘Disability Counts 2006 – A statistical profile of children and young adults with a disability living in Victoria’ http://www.acd.org.au/advocacy/disabilitycounts.htm

COMMUNITY WELLBEING VicHealth Indicators Survey The VicHealth Indicators Survey is a Victorian community wellbeing survey which focuses on the social determinants of health. The survey is based on core questions related to individual and community health and wellbeing, critical to inform decisions about public health priorities. The survey compliments other Victorian population health surveys such as the Victorian Government’s Victorian Population Health Survey (VPHS) and when combined, these two data sets enable local government planners to gain a comprehensive picture of health and wellbeing in Victoria. The chart below shows how the indicators of health and wellbeing for the Cities of Stonnington and Glen Eira compare to the Victorian average. Crude rates, also known as nonstandardised rates, have been presented here to help inform localised planning. Crude rates are not appropriate for comparison between LGA’s, as estimates have not been agestandardised and therefore differences may be due, at least in part, to differing age profiles. Values are percentages unless stated otherwise.

INDICATOR CoS CoGE VIC Wellbeing Subjective wellbeing (range 0 100) 77.7 78.3 77.5 Alcohol Purchased alcohol in the last 7 days 45.9 ˜ 38.4 36.3 7 day $ spend on packaged liquor (of those purchasing) + 61.0 50.0 45.0 7 day $ spend at a licensed premises (of those purchasing) + 67.0 43.0 ˜ 45.0 Work, life and time Long commute (≥ 5 days per week)^ 3.4 ˚ 9.5 ˜ 11.6 Inadequate sleep (<7 hours per weekday) 25.6 29.0 31.5 Lack time for friends / family 28.8 26.8 27.4 Time pressure 51.6 ˜ 44.3 41.3 Adequate worklife balance^ 50.9 55.5 53.1 Healthy eating and sedentary behaviour Shares a meal with family (≥5 days per week) 54.7 ˜ 59.0 66.3 Sedentary behaviour (sitting ≥ 7 hours per day) 35.4 40.7 32.6 Daily soft drink consumption 9.5 ˚ 10.2 12.4 Green space and safety Visit to green space (≥ once per week) 63.2 # 58.8 50.7 Perceptions of safety – walking alone during day 96.9 98.3 97.0 Perceptions of safety – walking alone during night* 80.4 # 75.3 70.3 Community engagement Volunteering (≥ once per month)* 35.6 33.9 34.3 Participation in citizen engagement (in the last year) 54.4 46.9 50.5 Arts and new media Attended arts activities or events (in the last 3 months) 80.2 # 79.1 # 63.6 Made or created art or crafts (in the last 3 months) 44.9 # 37.5 34.9 Internet access at home 94.1 # 91.0 88.8 Social networking used to organise time with friends / family 40.2 34.2 35.1 Social attitudes that influence health Community acceptance of diverse cultures 66.4 # 66.2 # 50.6 Prepared to intervene in a situation of domestic violence 94.8 92.5 93.1 Smoking policy Support for smoking ban in outside dining areas 72.0 72.9 69.8

Legend # LGA value significantly more favourable than Victorian average ˜ LGA value significantly less favourable than Victorian average ˚ Sampling variability high, use with caution (relative standard error 25 – 50%) + Reported as $ for those purchasing this type of alcohol ^ Question only asked of participants who were employed * Cannot be compared to 2008 Victorian Population Health Survey as data was not collected in the same manner Details of questions can be found at: www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/indicators Source: VicHealth Indicators Survey 2011, accessed 28 February 2013 http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au/Research/VicHealth Indicators/LGAProfiles.aspx Areas where Stonnington results were significantly more favourable that the Victorian average include: • Visited a green space at least weekly in the previous three months • Felt safe walking in their local area alone at night • Attended arts activities or events in the previous three months • Make their own arts and crafts in the past three months • Have internet access at home • Be accepting of diverse culture Areas where Stonnington results were significantly less favourable that the Victorian average include: • Have purchased alcohol in the previous week • Indicate time pressure • Share a meal with family equal to or more than five times per week Areas where Glen Eira results were significantly more favourable that the Victorian average include: • Attended arts activities or events in the previous three months • Be accepting of diverse culture Community Indicators Victoria Community Indicators Victoria (CIV) is a collaborative project with a range of partners from the community, government and academia and is hosted by The McCaughey Centre at the University of Melbourne with primary funding from VicHealth. CIV is the extension of the Victorian Community Indicators Project which ran from January 2005 until July 2006. CIV is guided by a framework of community wellbeing and includes indicators on social, economic, environmental, cultural and democratic domains. The indicators included in CIV have been compiled from a range of sources. The indicators provided below are ones which differ from those presented in the above VicHealth Indicators Survey or are not available in the LGA summary tables provided by VicHealth.

INDICATOR CoS CoGE SMR VIC Selfreported health – % reporting excellent or very good (2007) 62.1% 56.6% 55.0% 54.3%

Feeling part of the community – rating between 1 and 100 (2011) 71.6 73.7 71 72.3

Social support % who can definitely get help from friends, family or 94.4% 90.4% 91.3% 91.7% neighbours when needed (2008)

INDICATOR CoS CoGE SMR VIC

Transport limitations % reporting daytoday transport was limited or 28.7% 17.7% 24.5% 23.7% restricted in the past 12 months (2011)

Food security % reporting they had run out of food and could not 2.8% 7.2% 6.9% 6.0% afford more in the past 12 month (2007)

Waste water recycling % reporting collecting waste water from 34% 34.7% 38.7% 41.3% washing machines, shower or sinks (2011)

Household waste recycling % of household waste recycled (200910) 42% 34% n/a 44%

Source: Community Indicators Victoria, Wellbeing Reports LGA Profiles, accessed 28 February 2013 http://www.communityindicators.net.au/lga_profiles Analysis of the data shows • Stonnington reported more favourable rates of selfreported health, access to social support and food security compared to the SMR and Victoria • Glen Eira reported more favourable rates of transport limitations and household waste recycling, however had less favourable rates of food security that the SMR and Victoria SEIFA – socio-economic index for areas The ABS produces four different SEIFA, which enables study of different aspects of relative area disadvantage. The ABS broadly defines socioeconomic advantage and disadvantage in terms of people’s access to materials and social resources and their ability to participate in society. The Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage (IRSD), one of the four SEIFA indexes, was calculated using measures of disadvantage collected in the 2011 Census of Population and Housing (see for details). Mapping the IRSD provides a smallarea picture of where comparatively disadvantaged and less disadvantaged places are located. The ABS Technical Paper – Socio Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) 2011 provides the following notes: A SEIFA score is created using information about people and households in a particular area. This score is standardised against a mean of 1000 with a standard deviation of 100. This means that the average SEIFA score will be 1000 and the middle twothirds of SEIFA scores will fall between 900 and 1100 (approximately). (Refer to the Glossary for more on standardisation). To determine the SEIFA rank , all the areas are ordered from lowest score to highest score. The area with the lowest score is given a rank of 1 (representing the most disadvantaged area), the area with the secondlowest score is given a rank of two and so on, up to the area with the highest score which is given the highest rank. Deciles divide a distribution into ten equal groups. In the case of SEIFA, the distribution of scores is divided into ten equal groups. The lowest scoring 10 per cent of areas are given a decile number of 1, the secondlowest 10 per cent of areas are given a decile number of two and so on, up to the highest 10 per cent of areas which are given a decile number of 10. Percentiles divide a distribution into 100 equal groups. In the case of SEIFA, the distribution of scores is divided into 100 equal groups. The lowest scoring one per cent of areas are given a percentile number of 1, the second lowest one per cent of areas are given a percentile number of two and so on, up to the highest one per cent of areas which are given a percentile number of 100. SEIFA percentiles are provided to allow users to create their own groupings, such as quartiles.

Source: ABS Technical Paper Socio Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) 2011, ABS, available at http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/22CEDA8038AF7A0DCA257B3B00116E34/$File/2033.0.55.001%20seifa%202 011%20technical%20paper.pdf accessed April 2012.

SEIFA – IRSD CoS – score 1084 (of 1126) CoGE – score 1069 2011 Ranking within Rank Decile Percentile Rank Decile Percentile Australia 545 (of 565) 10 97 531 10 94

Ranking with Rank Decile Percentile Rank Decile Percentile Victoria 77 (of 80) 10 96 75 10 93 Minimum score for Maximum score for Minimum score for Maximum score for Range 1 statistical area level statistical area level statistical area level statistical area level 535 1167 971 1156

Source: Socio Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) Data Cube 2011, ABS, available at http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/B5ECEDA72600ED4DCA257B43000EA086/$File/2033.0.55.001%20lga%20ind exes.xls accessed April 2013. The top and bottom 3 IRDS indexes in the City of Stonnington small areas and benchmark areas which fall within the CCHS catchment include: • Kooyong had the highest index of 1128.8 followed Malvern (South) with 1118.0 and Malvern with 1103.7 • The lowest index was Malvern East (Chadstone Activity Centre) with 1056.4, followed by South Ward with 1072.6 and City of Stonnington with 1083.7 Significant IRDS indexes in the City of Glen Eira small areas and benchmark areas which fall within the CCHS catchment include: • Caulfield South had the highest index of 1092.0, followed by Caulfield North – Caulfield East with 1089.9 and Elsternwick – Gardenvale with 1078.7 • The lowest index was Glen Huntley with 1046.6, followed by Carnegie with 1056.5 and Ormond with 1065.9 As can be seen from the above table, both CoGE and CoS rank among the least disadvantaged areas when taking into consideration their rank, decile and percentile scores. However, as the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare’s report Australia’s Health 2008 notes: • IRSD reflects the overall or average level of disadvantage of the population of an area: it does not show how individuals living in the same area differ from each other in their SES (Krieger et al. 1997). Being an average, the score is also likely to reduce the apparent differences between area groups (Glover et al. 2004a). Thus, it is important to also look at the SEIFA maps by SA1 on the following page in order to view the ‘pockets of disadvantage’ which exist within the CCHS catchment. Socioeconomic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) 2

1 Indicates the extent of inequality in the LGA

Source: ABS Maps Socio Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) 2011, Google earth, available at http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/2033.0.55.001 accessed April 2013

General population health Ambulatory care sensitive conditions Ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) are those for which hospitalisation is thought to be avoidable with the application of public health interventions and early disease management, usually delivered in ambulatory setting such as primary care. High rates of hospital admissions for ACSCs may provide indirect evidence of problems with patient access to primary healthcare, inadequate skills and resources, or disconnection with specialist services 3. Notes: • Data presented is for the financial year 1 July 2011 to 30 June 2012, consistent with the release of hospitalisation data in Victoria. • Age standardised rates are based on 2011 population data. • The top ten ACSCs are included for each LGA and Victoria.

Stonnington Glen Eira Victoria Std Rate per 1,000 Std Rate per 1,000 Std Rate per 1,000 Condition Condition Condition persons persons persons Diabetes Diabetes Diabetes complications 4.79 complications 7.34 complications 8.26 Dental conditions 3.72 Pyelonephritis 2.84 Pyelonephritis 3.02 Pyelonephritis 2.06 Dental conditions 2.62 Dental conditions 2.98 Chronic Obstructive Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Congestive cardiac Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 1.95 failure 2.16 (COPD) 2.89 Chronic Obstructive Congestive cardiac Pulmonary Disease Congestive cardiac failure 1.62 (COPD) 2.03 failure 2.58 Iron deficiency Iron deficiency Cellulitis 1.51 anaemia 2.00 anaemia 2.01 Asthma 1.43 Cellulitis 1.45 Asthma 1.88 Iron deficiency anaemia 1.41 Asthma 1.44 Cellulitis 1.84 Ear, nose and throat Ear, nose and throat Ear, nose and throat infections 1.23 infections 1.20 infections 1.69 Convulsions and Convulsions and Convulsions and epilepsy 0.94 epilepsy 1.07 epilepsy 1.47 Source: Victorian Health Information Surveillance System (VHISS), DHS, available at https://hns.dhs.vic.gov.au/3netapps/vhisspublicsite/ViewContent.aspx?TopicID=1&SubTopicID=10 accessed December 2012. Dental conditions in CoS have risen over previous years to be consistently higher that the Victorian average. There is one ACSC in the CCHS catchment above the Victorian average (based on rate per 1,000 persons). • Dental conditions in CoS, is at a rate of 3.72 per 1,000 persons (Victorian average = 2.98). This rate has fluctuated over time (2006/07 = 3.69, 2009/10 = 3.26), however has remained above the Victorian average over these time periods (2006/07 = 2.75, 2009/10 = 3.03). Previously (2009/10), Iron Deficiency Anaemia was higher than the state average in CoGE (1.77 compared to 1.68), however recent data indicates a drop below the state rate.

3 https://hns.dhs.vic.gov.au/3netapps/vhisspublicsite/ViewContent.aspx?TopicID=1&SubTopicID=10

Avoidable mortality Avoidable mortality (AM) is a simple and practical populationbased method of counting untimely and unnecessary deaths from diseases for which effective public health and medical interventions are available. An excess of deaths due to preventable causes should suggest shortcomings in the healthcare system that warrant further attention 4. Notes: • Data presented is for the five year period 2002–2006. Five years of data has been aggregated for all analyses to reduce yeartoyear variability in deaths, and the width of confidence intervals for areas with small populations. Data are presented by calendar year (1 Jan to 31 Dec), consistent with the release of mortality data by the ABS. • Age standardised rates are based on 2006 population data. • The top ten avoidable mortalities are included for each LGA. The top 12 avoidable mortalities are provided for Victoria (as relevant comparators for CoGE and CoS).

Stonnington Glen Eira Victoria Std Rate per Std Rate per Std Rate per Condition 100,000 Condition 100,000 Condition 100,000 persons persons persons Ischaemic heart disease 22.43 Ischaemic heart disease 26.73 Ischaemic heart disease 31.13 Lung cancer 15.3 Lung cancer 23.74 Lung cancer 21.31 Breast cancer 11.1 Colorectal cancer 12.35 Colorectal cancer 12.36 Suicide 9.35 Suicide 9.38 Suicide 10.95 Colorectal cancer 8.81 Breast cancer 9.38 Breast cancer 9.37 Chronic obstructive Stroke 4.6 Diabetes 8.94 pulmonary disease 7.79 Skin cancers 4.21 Stroke 7.45 Diabetes 7.32 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 3.87 Poisoning 4.98 Road traffic injury 6.89 Chronic obstructive Road traffic injury 3.84 pulmonary disease 4.74 Stroke 6.39

Diabetes 3.57 Skin cancers 4.41 Alcoholrelated conditions 4.26 Poisoning 3.79 Skin cancer 3.78 Source: Victorian Health Information Surveillance System (VHISS), DHS, available at https://hns.dhs.vic.gov.au/3netapps/vhisspublicsite/ReportParameter.aspx?ReportID=28&TopicID=1&SubtopicID=16 accessed December 2012 Conditions that had higher rates of avoidable mortality in the CoGE and CoS compared to Victorian average include: • City of Glen Eira − Lung cancer at a rate of 23.74 per 100,000 persons (Victorian rate = 21.31) − Diabetes at a rate of 8.94 per 100,000 persons (Victorian rate = 7.32) − Stroke at a rate of 7.45 per 100,000 persons (Victorian rate = 6.39) − Poisoning at a rate of 4.98 per 100,000 persons (Victorian rate = 3.79) − Skin cancers at a rate of 4.41 per 100,000 persons (Victorian rate = 3.78)

• City of Stonnington − Breast cancer at a rate of 11.1 per 100,000 persons (Victorian rate = 9.37) − Skin cancers at a rate of 4.21 per 100,000 persons (Victorian rate = 3.78) Ischaemic heart disease and lung cancer continue to have the highest rates of AM in both LGAs and Victoria There have been a number of changes to AM in CoGE and CoS, when comparing previous data (20012005) to most recent data (20022006). • Avoidable mortality for lung cancer and skin cancer in CoGE is now higher than the Victorian average. • In CoS, avoidable mortality for alcoholrelated conditions is now lower than the Victorian average. Std Rate per 100,000 persons (2001–05) Std Rate per 100,000 persons (2002–06) Condition CoS Victoria CoS Victoria Alcoholrelated conditions 4.38 3.95 3.54 4.26

Std Rate per 100,000 persons (2001–05) Std Rate per 100,000 persons (2002–06) Condition CoGE Victoria CoGE Victoria Lung cancer 21.3 21.34 23.74 21.31 Skin cancer 3.66 3.75 4.41 3.78 Life expectancy Life expectancy at birth (LEB) is the average number of years an individual of a given age is expected to live (at time of birth), if current mortality rates continue to apply. The following life expectancy rates refer to data from 2007.

Male life expectancy at birth (LEB) by PCP and LGA 19972001 19992003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Vic 77.4 78.1 79.4 79.8 80.0 80.3 SMR 77.7 78.6 79.9* 80.3 80.3 80.8 ISEPICH 80.7 81.2 81.0 82.5* CoS 79.0 80.1 80.6 81.1 81.3 81.9 CoGE 78.6 78.9 79.4 79.7 80.2 81.2* Female life expectancy at birth (LEB) by PCP and LGA 19972001 19992003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Vic 82.7 83.3 84.1 84.3 84.3 84.4 SMR 82.8 83.5* 84.4 84.2 84.4 84.5 ISEPICH 85.8 85.9 85.0 85.3 CoS 83.2 84.4 84.9 85.6 85.7 85.8 CoGE 83.8 84.7 85.1 85.2 85.4 85.6 Those coloured green are significantly higher than the Victorian LEB for the corresponding year * indicates the LEB is significantly higher than the estimate in the pervious period

Source: Victorian Health Information Surveillance System (VHISS), DHS, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/692FC89A8245CFF8CA25787F001D8712/$FILE/le_tables_charts2007.xls accessed December 2012 . The average life expectancy for males and females in the CoGE and CoS was significantly higher than the Victorian average from 1997 to 2007 (with the exception of females in CoS in the period of 19972001). When ranked against all other LGAs in Victoria (79 LGAs) on life expectancy at birth from 2003–2007, both CoS and CoGE rank in the top eight.

LEB 2007 ranked by LGA (top 10 out of 79 LGAs) Males Females 1 Melbourne Melbourne 2 Nillumbik Surf Coast

3 Boroondara Stonnington 4 Stonnington Monash 5 Manningham Boroondara 6 Monash Moonee Valley 7 Whitehorse Manningham 8 Glen Eira Glen Eira 9 Surf Coast Whitehorse 10 Bayside Bayside

Source: Victorian Health Information Surveillance System (VHISS), DHS, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/le0307.htm accessed December 2012. Life expectancy (LE) is the average number of years an individual of a given age is expected to live, if current mortality rates continue to apply. The average life expectancy for males and females in the CoGE and CoS at ages 60 and 65 were significantly higher than the Victorian average. The following life expectancy rates at ages 60 and 65 refer to data from 2007.

Male life expectancy (LE) at 2007 LE at age 60 Ranking LE at age 65 Ranking Vic 23.4 19.2 SMR 23.7 2 (of 8) 19.7 2 (of 8) ISEPICH 25.1 1 (of 31) 20.9 1 (of 31) CoS 24.5 4 (of 79) 20.3 3 (of 79) CoGE 23.9 11 (of 79) 19.7 9 (of 79) Female life expectancy (LE) at 2007 LE at age 60 Ranking LE at age 65 Ranking Vic 26.5 22.1 SMR 26.7 2 (of 8) 22.3 2 (of 8) ISEPICH 27.4 4 (of 31) 23.0 2 (of 31) CoS 27.9 4 (of 79) 23.4 4 (of 79) CoGE 27.9 5 (of 79) 23.6 3 (of 79) Those coloured green are significantly higher than the Victorian LEB for the corresponding year

Source: Victorian Health Information Surveillance System (VHISS), DHS, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/692FC89A8245CFF8CA25787F001D8712/$FILE/le_tables_charts2007.xls accessed December 2012 . Sexually transmissible infections While CoGE has slightly higher rates of STIs per population (1,000 Estimated Residential Population [ERP]) compared with state and regional averages, CoS has significantly higher rates of infection. • The rate of chlamydia per 1,000 ERP in CoS is 5.43, compared to 3.39 in CoGE, 3.82 across the SMR and 5.15 across Victoria. • The rate of gonococcal infection per 1,000 ERP in CoS is 1.42, almost three times the Victorian rate (0.46). This is compared with 0.59 in CoGE and 0.42 across the SMR. • The rate of syphilis (infectious) per 1,000 ERP in CoS is 0.36, more than four times the Victorian rate (0.08), compared with a rate of 0.12 in CoGE and 0.08 across the SMR. • The rate of syphilis (other) per 1,000 ERP in CoS is 0.21, almost double the Victorian (0.13) and SMR (0.11) rates, compared with a rate of 0.09 in CoGE.

2011 Annual total ERP2010 5 Chlamydia Gonococcal Infection Syphilis – infectious Syphilis – other /1,000 /1,000 /1,000 /1,000 # # # # Region/ LGA ERP ERP ERP ERP

Victoria 3,595,560 18,504 5.15 1672 0.46 285 0.08 470 0.13 SMR 1,242,657 4,746 3.82 518 0.42 96 0.08 137 0.11

CoS 100,351 545 5.43 142 1.42 36 0.36 21 0.21 CoGE 137,712 467 3.39 81 0.59 17 0.12 12 0.09 Source: Department of Health Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance (LGA summary report), available at http://ideas.health.vic.gov.au/surveillance/tabulatedsummaries.asp In the period 20092011, the incidence of chlamydia and gonoccoal infections has been steadily increasing across Victoria and the SMR (including CoGE), while the incidence of infectious syphilis rising and other syphilis remaining stable.

Number of reported cases Chlamydia Gonococcal Infection Syphilis – infectious Syphilis – other 2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011 2009 2010 2011 Victoria 13,422 15,907 18,504 1,382 1,577 1,672 372 260 285 425 489 470 SMR 3487 4156 4746 450 505 518 126 90 96 137 122 137 CoS 473 558 545 108 153 142 39 30 36 18 18 21 CoGE 356 438 467 76 80 81 24 12 17 13 16 12 Source: Department of Health Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Surveillance (LGA summary report), available at http://ideas.health.vic.gov.au/surveillance/tabulatedsummaries.asp BoD – DALY The DALY is a measure of the disease burden in a population combining the loss of years of life due to premature mortality and the loss of healthy years of life due to disease or injury. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of healthy life. The DALY is a socalled health gap measure. This means that the burden of disease is measured as the gap between the current health status of the population and an ideal where everyone lives into old age; free of disease or injury. The term disability is used quite broadly; in this sense; to include all departures from complete health due to disease or injury. The following data refers to data from 2001.

% of % of STONNINGTON GLEN EIRA % of DALYs VICTORIA DALYs DALYs Ischaemic heart Ischaemic heart disease 9.4 Ischaemic heart disease 10.4 9.3 disease Stroke 5.7 Dementia 6.2 Stroke 5.2 Dementia 5.4 Stroke 6.1 Depression 4.8 Depression 4.1 Depression 3.5 Dementia 4.3 Diabetes mellitus – Cancer lung 3.2 Cancer lung 3.3 4.1 NIDDM Cancer breast 2.9 Cancer colon/rectum 3.0 Cancer lung 3.5 Cancer colon/rectum 2.9 Cancer breast 2.9 COPD (emphysema 3.1

5 Department of Health Southern Metropolitan Health Status , December 2010, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/regions/southern/downloads/healthstatus.pdf

and chronic bronchitis) COPD (emphysema and COPD (emphysema and chronic 2.6 2.7 Cancer colon/rectum 2.8 chronic bronchitis) bronchitis) Diabetes mellitus – NIDDM 2.5 Diabetes mellitus – NIDDM 2.5 Asthma 2.6 Hearing loss 2.4 Hearing loss 2.4 Cancer breast 2.5 Generalised anxiety disorder 2.1 Hearing loss 2.2

Source: Victorian Health Information Surveillance System (VHISS), DHS, 2001 https://hns.dhs.vic.gov.au/3netapps/vhisspublicsite/ViewContent.aspx?TopicID=1 Both LGAs had similar percentages of DALYs compared to Victoria, with the following conditions having slight increases. City of Glen Eira • Dementia (6.2 v 4.8) • Ischaemic heart disease (10.4 v 9.3) • Cancer colon/rectum (3.0 v 2.8) • Cancer breast (2.9 v 2.5) • Stroke (6.1 v 5.2) • Hearing loss (2.4 v 2.2) City of Stonnington • Dementia (5.4 v 4.3) • Stroke (5.7 v 5.2) • Cancer breast (2.9 v 2.5) • Hearing loss (2.4 v 2.2) • Cancer colon/rectum (2.9 v 2.8) Analysis of the data shows: • Ischaemic heart disease was the highest DALY for all areas • Asthma was not noted in DALYs for CoS and CoGE, however is the ninth highest in Victoria • CoS has generalised anxiety disorder in the top 10, which did not feature in statistics for CoGE or Victoria

Chronic diseases and risk factors Modelled estimates of the prevalence of certain chronic diseases have been synthetically predicted from the 200708 National Health Survey (NHS), conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The data presented does not represent information collected in data sets, but are estimates of the expected level of health indicators which are linked to the estimated residential population of an area at the corresponding time period. This is based on selfreported data regarding diagnosis of certain conditions. Information is presented in a number of ways: • The predicted number of people with a condition • Agestandardised ratios (ASR) per 100 population, which allows for differences in age structures of the populations to be taken into consideration • Standardised ratios (SR), which allow for direct comparison with a respective standard population (Australia – SR 100). An SR of 110 in an area means the standardised ration is 10% higher in the area than expected from the Australian rates, and an SR of 85 means the ratio is 15% lower in the area than expected from the Australian rates It should be noted that only the areas of City of Stonnington – Malvern and City of Glen Eira – Caulfield are within the CCHS catchment. Other areas have been presented to allow for comparison of results. All information for the follow section has been sourced from the Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocal governmentarea_published2012.html accessed April 2013 Type 2 diabetes Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have similar, if not slightly lower ratios (agestandardised and non age standardised) of type 2 diabetes compared to Victoria and the SMR.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 180,243 3.4 97 SMR 14,152 3.2 96 CoS 2,884 3.0 88 Malvern 1,420 3.0 92 Prahran 1,464 3.0 89 CoGE 4,390 3.2 94 Caulfield 2,572 3.1 94 South 1,818 3.3 100 Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013 High cholesterol Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have similar ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of high cholesterol compared to Victoria and the SMR, however the rates for these areas should be interpreted with caution due to a higher level of prediction error.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 284,371 5.4 97 SMR 23,623 5.4 96

CoS* 4,868 5.1 90 Malvern* 2,456 5.1 92 Prahran* 2,412 5.0 89 CoGE* 7,264 5.4 96 Caulfield* 4,289 5.3 94 South* 2,974 5.6 100 *Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability

Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013 People with mental and behavioural problems In determining if people suffered from mental and behaviour problems, selfreport information without determining diagnosis was used. Therefore the information could therefore be based on selfdiagnosis rather than diagnosis by a health professional. Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have similar ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of males and females with mental and behavioural problems compared to the SMR, and lower ratios compared to Victoria. It appears that females in all areas have higher ratios of mental and behaviour problems compared to males. Of those presented the area which appears to have the lowest ratio is males in the CoS – Malvern area (which is in the CCHS catchment). However this result should be interpreted with caution due to the possible prediction error/reliability.

MALES FEMALES Number ASR (per 100 SR Number ASR (per 100 SR population) population) Victoria 257,746 9.9 98 Victoria 309,046 11.6 98 SMR 17,769 8.8 87 SMR 23,550 11.0 93 CoS 4,270 8.7 87 CoS 5,766 11.0 93 Malvern* 1,886 8.1 81 Malvern 2,625 10.4 88 Prahran* 2,384 9.3 92 Prahran 3,142 11.5 97 CoGE 5,685 8.7 87 CoGE 7,453 11.0 93 Caulfield* 3,549 8.7 86 Caulfield 4,645 11.0 93 South* 2,136 8.7 87 South 2,808 10.9 92 * Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 915,371 17.3 108 SMR 74,656 16.6 104 CoS 15,411 15.7 98 Malvern 7,694 15.9 99 Prahran 7,717 15.5 97 CoGE 22,526 16.2 101 Caulfield 13,403 15.9 99 South 9,122 16.5 103 Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013

Hypertensive disease Hypertensive disease is included as a subcategory to circulatory system diseases. Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have lower ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) compared to the SMR and Victoria, with the CoGE Caulfield having the lowest ratios. However these results should be interpreted with caution due to the possible prediction error/reliability.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 544,640 10.3 112 SMR 43,165 9.6 104 CoS 8,963 9.2 100 Malvern* 4,481 9.3 101 Prahran* 4,481 9.2 100 CoGE 12,239 8.8 96 Caulfield* 7,249 8.7 94 South* 4,990 9.0 97 * Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 1,442,803 27.3 103 SMR 107,621 25.7 96 CoS 25,572 25.6 96 Malvern 12,339 25.6 96 Prahran 13,234 25.7 96 CoGE 33,968 25.4 95 Caulfield 20,842 25.2 95 South 13,127 25.8 97 Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013 Asthma Asthma is included as a subcategory to respiratory system diseases. Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have lower ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of asthma compared Victoria and similar ratios to the SMR. CoGE Caulfield has the lowest ASR of 8.2 per 100 population (ASR) and the lowest SR of 85, which is 15% lower than expected from the Australian ratio.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 479,498 9.1 94 SMR 36,381 8.7 90 CoS 8,339 8.6 89 Malvern 4,148 8.7 89 Prahran 4,192 8.6 89 CoGE 11,166 8.4 87 Caulfield 6,682 8.2 85 South* 4,485 8.8 90

* Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 118,482 2.2 96 SMR 9,016 2.0 88 CoS 1,930 1.9 83 Malvern 923 1.9 82 Prahran 1,007 2.0 84 CoGE 2,764 2.0 85 Caulfield 1,630 1.9 83 South 1,135 2.1 89 Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013 Musculoskeletal system diseases Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have similar ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of musculoskeletal system diseases compared to the SMR, and slightly lower ratios than Victoria. The CoS has the lowest ratios of the areas presented.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 1,574,682 29.8 99 SMR 125,589 28.8 96 CoS 28,018 28.0 93 Malvern 13,527 27.9 93 Prahran 14,491 28.0 93 CoGE 38,993 28.5 95 Caulfield 23,510 28.1 93 South 15,484 29.2 97 Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013 Arthritis Arthritis is included as a subcategory to musculoskeletal system diseases. The CoS appears to have lower ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of arthritis compared to CoGE, SMR and Victoria. CoS – Prahran has the lowest ASR of 12.5 per 100 population and lowest SR of 84, being 16% lower than expected from the Australian ratio. The CoGE appears to have similar ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of arthritis compared the SMR, and slightly lower ratios compared to Victoria. Within the CoGE the Caulfield area (which is in the CCHS catchment) has the lowest ratios.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population)

Victoria 769,689 14.6 98 SMR 60,893 13.6 92 CoS 12,363 12.7 85 Malvern 6,188 12.8 86 Prahran 6,175 12.5 84 CoGE 18,510 13.4 90 Caulfield 10,843 13.0 88 South 7,667 14.1 95 Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013 Females with osteoporosis Females with osteoporosis are included as a subcategory to musculoskeletal system diseases. Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have similar ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of females with ostoporosis compared to the SMR, and slightly higher ratios than Victoria. Of the areas presented, the CoS – Prahan has the highest ASR of 5.7 per 100 population and highest SR of 108, being 8% higher than expected from the Australian ratio

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 130,757 4.9 91 SMR 12,674 5.2 97 CoS 2,832 5.5 102 Malvern 1,357 5.2 97 Prahran 1,475 5.7 108 CoGE 4,011 5.3 99 Caulfield 2,467 5.4 102 South 1,544 5.0 94 Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernmentarea_ published2012.html accessed April 2013

Health and lifestyle The Victorian Population Health Survey (VPHS) is an annual statewide survey that the Department of Health undertakes to collect information on the health of the adult Victorian population (18 years or older). The 2008 VPHS was the first time that the sample size has been expanded to allow detailed analysis at the local government area level. The 2012 VPHS will also present information at the LGA level; however will not be released until late 2013. The data below represents the 2008 LGA data as well as updated regional data from 2010 (which did not go down to the LGA level).

Source: Victorian Population Health Survey 2008 Glen Eira City Selected Findings, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/GlenEira Source: Victorian Population Health Survey 2008 Stonnington City Selected Findings, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/Stonnington Source: Victorian Population Health Survey 2008 Southern Metropolitan Region Selected Findings Selected Findings, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/8F4839550943B7A8CA257981007B4721/$FILE/southern.pdf Source: Victorian Population Health Survey 2010 Southern Metropolitan Region Selected Findings Selected Findings, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/SouthernMetropolitanRegion:SelectedfindingsVPHS2010 Overweight and obesity Being overweight or obese is an important risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, certain cancers, sleep apnoea and osteoarthritis. It is typically measured by calculating a person’s Body Mass Index (BMI), which is their weight in relation to their height. 2008 data at the LGA level shows: City of Stonnington • 47.0% of males in CoS were overweight (similar to Victoria at 39.9% and SMR at 39.5%) • 7.0% of males in CoS and were obese (lower than Victoria at 17.3% and SMR at 15.1%) • 16.7% females in CoS were overweight (lower than Victoria at 23.4% and SMR at 22.0%) • 9.2 % females in CoS were obese (lower than Victoria at 16.1% and SMR at 14.9%) • Males were more likely to be overweight compared to females

Source: Victorian Population Health Survey 2008 Stonnington City Selected Findings, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/Stonnington City of Glen Eira • 38.4% of males in CoGE were overweight (similar to Victoria at 39.9% and SMR at 39.5%) • 16.3% males in CoGE were obese (similar to Victoria at 17.3% and SMR at 15.1%)

• 24.3% females in CoGE were overweight (similar to Victoria at 23.4% and SMR at 22.0%)

• 9.1 % females in CoGE were obese (lower than Victoria at 16.1% and SMR at 14.9%)

Source: Victorian Population Health Survey 2008 Glen Eira City Selected Findings, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/GlenEira Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • The percentage of obese males in the SMR has increased by 6.2% (larger that the Victorian increase of 1.2%) • Males in the SMR were more likely to be overweight compared with females • The percentage of obese females in the SMR decreased by 2.1% (larger than the Victorian reduction of 0.9%)

Males Underweight Normal Weight Overwight Obese 2008 2010 2008 2010 2008 2010 2008 2010 CoS 47.0 7.0 CoGE 38.4 16.3 SMR 0.8* ** 40.3 33.3 39.5 39.0 15.1 21.3 Victoria 0.9 0.6* 38.6 34.2 39.9 41.0 17.3 18.5

Females Underweight Normal Weight Overwight Obese 2008 2010 2008 2010 2008 2010 2008 2010 CoS 16.7 9.2 CoGE 24.3 9.1 SMR 3.8 4.2 51.3 47.2 22.0 24.5 14.9 12.8 Victoria 3.6 2.8 48.1 45.3 23.4 25.7 16.1 15.2 Source: Victorian Population Health Survey 2010 Southern Metropolitan Region Selected Findings Selected Findings, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/SouthernMetropolitanRegion:SelectedfindingsVPHS2010 Fruit & vegetable consumption The data collected and presented below refers to the 2003 ‘Dietary Guidelines for Adults’ which recommends 5 serves of vegetables and 2 serves of fruit per day for adults (19 years+) and 4 serves of vegetables and 3 serves of fruit for those aged 1218. It should be noted that in 2013 new Australian Dietary Guidelines were released which include slight differences in the fruit and vegetable guidelines for adults. 2008 data at the LGA level shows: City of Stonnington: • 4.6% of males in CoS met the dietary guidelines for vegetable consumption (similar to Victoria at 5.0% and SMR at 3.6%)

• 44.3% of males in CoS met the dietary guidelines for fruit consumption (similar to Victoria at 41.0% and SMR at 42.2%) • 11.0% females in CoS met the dietary guidelines for vegetable consumption (similar to Victoria at 10.7% and SMR at 8.3%) • 61.1% females in CoS met the dietary guidelines for fruit consumption (higher than Victoria at 53.5% and SMR at 53.5%) • Females were more likely to meet the dietary guidelines for consumption for fruit and combined fruit and vegetables compared with males

City of Glen Eira • 4.3% of males in CoGE met the dietary guidelines for vegetable consumption (similar to Victoria at 5.0% and SMR at 3.6%) • 39.9% of males in CoGE met the dietary guidelines for fruit consumption (similar to Victoria at 41.0% and SMR at 42.2%) • 6.9% females in CoGE met the dietary guidelines for vegetable consumption (similar to Victoria at 10.7% and SMR at 8.3%) • 56.7% females in CoGE met the dietary guidelines for fruit consumption (similar to Victoria at 53.5% and SMR at 53.5%) • Females were more likely to meet the dietary guidelines for consumption for fruit compared with males in CoGE

Males Fruit Guideline Vegetable Guideline 2008 2010 2008 2010 CoS 44.3% 4.6% CoGE 39.9% 4.3% SMR 42.2% 43.9% 3.6% 4.4% Victoria 41.0% 45.1% 5.0% 5.2%

Females Fruit Guideline Vegetable Guideline 2008 2010 2008 2010 CoS 61.1% 11.0% CoGE 56.7% 6.9% SMR 55.5% 54.3% 8.3% 9.3% Victoria 53.5% 54.4% 10.7% 10.0% Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • The rates of males in the SMR meeting the fruit guidelines and the vegetable guidelines rose slightly, as did the Victorian rates • The percentage of females in the SMR meeting the vegetable guideline rose by 1% (while the Victorian rate dropped by 0.7%) • The percentage of females in the SMR meeting the fruit guideline dropped by 1.2% (while the Victorian rate rose by 0.9%) • Females in the SMR are more likely to meet the dietary guidelines for fruit and vegetable consumption than males Physical activity The data collected and presented below refers to the 1999 National Physical Activity Guidelines for Australians, which recommends at least 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise on most, preferably all days. Therefore those who met guidelines completed at least 150 minutes and 5 or more sessions per week. 2008 data at the LGA level shows: City of Stonnington: • 67.7% of males in CoS met the physical activity guidelines (similar to Victoria at 61.0% and SMR at 61.3%) • 68.7% of females in CoS met the physical activity guidelines (higher than Victoria at 59.7% and SMR at 61.5%)

City of Glen Eira: • 65.4% of males in CoGE met the physical activity guidelines (similar to Victoria at 61.0% and SMR at 61.3%) • 61.6% of females in CoGE met the physical activity guidelines (similar to Victoria at 59.7% and SMR at 61.5%) • The percentage of females in CoGE classified as being sedentary (2.0 per cent) was lower than Victorian females (5.4 per cent)

Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 64% of males and 57.7% of females in the SMR met the physical activity guidelines (similar to Victoria at 61.2% and 57.1%) Alcohol consumption The Australian Alcohol Guidelines (2001) 6 specify the risks of short and long–term alcohol–related harm by level of alcohol consumption in males and females. The guidelines identify two main patterns for harmful consumption: • excessive alcohol intake on a particular occasion; and • consistent highlevel intake over months and years. The alcohol guidelines were updated in 2009 to reflect more recent research and evidence, however the statistics below refer to the limits set in the 2001 guidelines (as these were in place at the time the study was conducted). 2008 data at the LGA level shows: City of Stonnington: • The patterns of alcohol consumption were similar between CoS and Victoria for males • 17.3% of females in CoS who consumed alcohol at least monthly at a risky or high risk level for short term harm was higher than Victorian females (10.4%) • 9.5% of females in CoS were classified as abstainers from alcohol, which was lower than Victorian females (23.0%)

6 NHMRC (National Health and Medical Research Council) 2001

City of Glen Eira: • The patterns of alcohol consumption were similar between CoGE and Victoria for females. • 49.8% of males in CoGE consumed alcohol at a low risk level for shortterm harm, which was higher than Victorian males (33.3%) • There were no other differences in patterns of alcohol consumption between CoGE and Victoria overall or between males and females in the City

Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 29.4% of males and 39.0% of females in the SMR consumed alcohol at a low risk level for shortterm harm (similar to Victoria at 32.9% for males and 38.6% for females) • 55.0% of males and 37.6% of females consumed alcohol at risky or high risk levels for shortterm harm (similar to Victoria at 51.9% for males and 38.2% for females) • Females in the SMR were more likely to abstain from alcohol consumption (22.9%) as opposed to males (14.7%) – similar to Victoria with 22.6% for females and 14.7% for males

Smoking status Current smokers are defined as those who smoke daily or occasionally. 2008 data at the LGA level shows: City of Stonnington: • 14.6% of males in CoS were current smokers (similar to Victoria at 21.4% and SMR at 19.0%) • 10.7% of females in CoS were current smokers (lower than Victoria at 16.9% and SMR at 17.5%)

City of Glen Eira: • 18.3% of males in CoGE were current smokers (similar to Victoria at 21.4% and SMR at 19.0%) • 11.5% of females in CoGE were current smokers (lower than Victoria at 16.9% and SMR at 17.5%)

Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 21.9% of males and 13.0% of females in the SMR are current smokers (similar to Victoria with 17.8% males and 15.8% females) Psychological distress Poor mental health is a significant risk factor for poor health outcomes. The Kessler 10 (K10) scale is a set of ten questions designed to categorise the level of psychological distress over a four week period. 2008 data at the LGA level shows: City of Stonnington: • 66.5% of males in CoS were classified as having a low level of psychological distress (similar to Victoria at 65.3% and SMR at 66.8%) • 69.2% of females in CoS were classified as having a low level of psychological distress (higher than Victoria at 59.7% and SMR at 62.1%)

City of Glen Eira: • 72.2% of males in CoS were classified as having a low level of psychological distress (similar to Victoria at 65.3% and SMR at 66.8%) • 59.2% of females in CoS were classified as having a low level of psychological distress (similar to Victoria at 59.7% and SMR at 62.1%) • Females in CoGE appear to have slightly higher levels of moderate or high distress levels compared to males.

Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 68.1% of males and 61.3% of females in the SMR experienced low levels of psychological distress (similar to Victoria with 68.9% males and 59.9% females) • 7.7% of males and 7.9% of females in the SMR experienced high levels of psychological distress (similar to Victoria with 6.9% males and 9.0% females) Self-rated health status Selfreported health status has been shown to be a reliable predictor of illhealth, future health care use and premature mortality, independent of other medical, behavioural or psychosocial risk factors 7. When asked about their health, 2008 data at the LGA level showed: • 60.1% of male adults in CoS rated their health as ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’, significantly higher than Victoria (41.4%) and the SMR (44.8%) and similar to CoGE (43.9%) • 26.2% of male adults in CoS and 34% of male adults in SMR rated their health as ‘good’, significantly less that Victoria (39.2%)

7 http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/downloads/2008_ch03.pdf

• 54.2% of female adults in CoS rated their health as ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’, significantly higher than Victoria (45.9%) and similar to CoGE (53.5%) and the SMR (48.4%) • 12.2% of female adults in CoS rated their health as ‘fair/poor’, significantly less that Victoria (17.5%) and similar to CoGE (16.1%) and SMR (15.9%) • 46.7% of all persons in the SMR reported their health as ‘excellent’ or ‘very good’, significantly higher than Victoria (43.7%) • 34.7% of all persons in the SMR reported their health as ‘good’, significantly lower than Victoria (37.8%) Selfreported health, males Excellent/ Very good Good Fair/Poor Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 41.4 40.0 42.7 39.2 37.9 40.6 19.2 18.2 20.2 SMR 44.8 41.9 47.7 34 31.2 36.9 20.8 18.5 23.3 CoS 60.1 51.1 68.4 26.2 18.9 35.0 13.8 9.1 20.2 CoGE 43.9 36.1 52.1 36.6 28.6 45.4 18.3 12.6 25.9 Selfreported health, females Excellent/ Very good Good Fair/Poor Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 45.9 44.8 46.9 36.4 35.4 37.5 17.5 16.7 18.3 SMR 48.4 46.0 50.7 35.5 33.3 37.8 15.9 14.2 17.7 CoS 54.2 48.0 60.2 33.6 27.8 39.9 12.2 8.8 16.7 CoGE 53.5 46.4 60.4 30.2 24.2 37.0 16.1 11.6 22.0 Source: VPHS 2008: Selected findings – 3. Selfreported health & selected health conditions, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/downloads/2008_ch03.pdf and accessed June2011 Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 45.0% of males and 50.0% of females in the SMR reported their health as excellent or very good (similar to Victoria with 45.2% males and 46.8% females) Health checks The 2008 and 2010 survey collected information about health checks from males and females aged 18 years and over. In particular, the survey asked about blood pressure checks, cholesterol checks and diabetes or high blood sugar (glucose) level checks in the past two years. Blood pressure 2008 data at the LGA level shows: • 80.2% of adults aged 1849 years in CoS had received a blood pressure check in the past two years, significantly higher than Victoria (70.6%) and the SMR (70.5%) and similar to CoGE (72.3%) • Adults aged 50+ years had similar rates of blood pressure checks across the region • 86.1% of all people in CoS had received a blood pressure check in the past two years, significantly higher than Victoria (79.5%) the SMR (79.5%) and CoGE (79.7%)

• Adult males and females in the SMR had similar rates of blood pressure checks in the past two years to the Victorian average, however females were significantly more likely to have received a blood pressure check than males in both the SMR and Victoria Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 78.8% of males and 82.8% of females in the SMR had their blood pressure checked in the past 2 years, which was similar to the 2008 rates

Blood pressure check in past two years (18yrs +), 2008 Male Female Total Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 75.6 74.4 76.8 83.5 82.6 84.3 79.5 78.8 80.3 SMR 75.8 73.2 78.3 83.3 81.3 85.1 79.5 77.8 81.1 Blood pressure check in past two years (18yrs +), by age group by LGA 2008 Age group 18–49yrs 50+ Total Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 70.6 69.4 71.7 93.1 92.6 93.6 79.5 78.8 80.3 SMR 70.5 67.9 73.0 93.1 91.8 94.3 79.5 77.8 81.1 CoS 80.2 73.1 85.9 95 91.9 97.0 86.1 81.6 89.6 CoGE 72.3 64.7 78.8 91 86.3 94.2 79.7 74.8 83.9 Source: VPHS 2008: Selected findings – 2. Health and Lifestyle: Part 2, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/downloads/2008_ch02_02.pdf Cholesterol checks 2008 data at the LGA level shows: • 44.4% of adults aged 18–49 years in CoS had cholesterol checks, similar to Victoria (39.7%) and the SMR (40.4%) • 78.6% of adults aged 50+ years in CoS had cholesterol checks, similar to Victoria (81.9%) and the SMR (81.8%) • 34.8% of adults aged 18–49 years in CoGE had cholesterol checks, similar to Victoria (39.7%) and the SMR (40.4%) • 80.4% of adults aged 50+ years in CoGE had cholesterol checks, similar to Victoria (81.9%) and the SMR (81.8%) Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 65.8% of males and 54.5% of females in the SMR had their cholesterol checked in the past 2 years, which was similar to Victorian rates (61.5% for males and 55.6% for females).

Blood test for cholesterol in past two years (18yrs +), 2008 Area/ Region/ LGA Male Female Total % 95% CI % 95% CI % 95% CI

LL UL LL UL LL UL Victoria 57.9 56.7 59.0 55.2 54.3 56.2 56.5 55.7 57.2 SMR 59.2 56.6 61.7 54.7 52.6 56.8 56.8 55.2 58.4 Blood test for cholesterol in past two years (18yrs +) by age group by LGA 2008

Age group 18–49yrs 50+ Total Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 39.7 38.6 40.8 81.9 81.1 82.7 56.5 55.7 57.2 SMR 40.4 37.9 42.8 81.8 79.9 83.5 56.8 55.2 58.4 CoS 44.4 37.1 52.0 78.6 72.1 83.9 58.0 52.8 63.0 CoGE 34.8 28.8 41.3 80.4 74.3 85.4 52.9 48.5 57.3 Source: VPHS 2008: Selected findings – 2. Health and Lifestyle: Part 2, available at http://docs.health.vic.gov.au/docs/doc/CE9E6A069C589170CA257868007AEEB5/$FILE/2008ch0202.pdf Glucose checks • In 2008, adult males and females in the SMR had lower rates of testing for diabetes or blood glucose (in the past two years) compared to the Victorian average, however by 2010, the rates for both males and females has increased to be above the state average (although not significantly) • In 2008, adults aged 18–49 years in CoS had similar rates of testing for diabetes or blood glucose than Victorian or SMR averages (40.1% compared to 39.1% in Victoria and 38.7% in SMR), however those aged 50 years or above had lower than average rates of testing (67% compared to 72.1% in Victoria and 70.6% in SMR). • In 2008, CoGE adults across all age groups had slightly lower rates of testing for diabetes or blood glucose than Victorian or SMR averages (47.9% compared to 52.2% in Victoria and 51.4% in SMR). Key 2010 data at the regional level shows: • 58.0% of males and 55.7% of females in the SMR had a diabetes or blood glucose test in the past 2 years, which was similar to Victorian rates (53.9% for males and 54.6% for females).

Test for diabetes or blood glucose check in past two years (18yrs +), 2008 and 2010 Male Female Total Area/ Region/ LGA 2008 % 2010 % 2008 % 2010 % 2008 % 2010 % Victoria 51.2 (50.0 52.4) 53.9 (51.6 56.2) 53.4 (52.4 54.4) 54.6 (52.7 56.5) 52.2 (51.5 53.0) 54.2 (52.7 – 56.5) SMR 50.9 (48.3 53.6) 58.0 (52.8 62.9) 52.0 (49.8 54.2) 55.7 (51.4 60.0) 51.4 (49.6 53.1) Test for diabetes or blood glucose check in past two years (18yrs +), by age group by LGA 2008

Age group 18–49yrs 50+ Total Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 39.1 38.0 40.3 72.1 71.2 73.0 52.2 51.5 53.0 SMR 38.7 36.2 41.2 70.6 68.4 72.7 51.4 49.6 53.1 CoS 40.1 33.0 47.7 67 59.8 73.5 50.8 45.6 56.0

CoGE 33.2 27.1 39.9 70.2 63.3 76.3 47.9 43.3 52.6 *Note on the data: Disaggregated data by sex is unavailable at an LGA level

Source: VPHS 2008: Selected findings – 2. Health and Lifestyle: Part 2, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/downloads/2008_ch02_02.pdf and accessed June2011 Bowel cancer test In 2008 and 2010, males and females 50 years and over in the SMR had similar rates of testing for bowel cancer (in the past two years) compared to the Victorian average. • In 2008 in CoS, adults 50 years and over had significantly higher rates of testing for bowel cancer than Victorian or SMR averages (31.7% compared to 29.4% in Victoria and 29.2% in SMR) • In 2008 in CoGE, adults 50 years and over had slignificantly higher rates of testing for bowel cancer than Victorian or SMR averages (30.4% compared to 29.4% in Victoria and 29.2% in SMR)

Test to detect bowel cancer in past two years (50yrs +), 2008 and 2010 Male Female Total Area/ Region/ LGA

2008 % 2010 % 2008 % 2010 % 2008 % 2010 % Victoria 33.5 (31.9 35.0) 38.8 (36.1 41.5) 25.6 (24.4 26.7) 34.6 (32.5 36.8) 29.4 (28.4 – 30.3) 36.5 (34.8 – 38.2) SMR 33.5 (30.1 37.1) 36.0 (29.9 42.5) 25.3 (22.8 27.9) 35.7 (30.6 41.0) 29.2 (27.1 – 31.4) CoS 31.7 (25.4 – 38.8) CoGE 30.4 (24.3 – 37.2) *Note on the data: Disaggregated data by sex is unavailable at an LGA level. Disaggregated data by age is unavailable.

Source: VPHS 2008: Selected findings – 2. Health and Lifestyle: Part 2, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/downloads/2008_ch02_02.pdf and accessed June2011 Breast screening • In 2008, females aged 5069 years in CoGE (81.4%) had significantly higher rates of mammograms compared to the Victorian average (75.9%) • In 2008, females aged 5069 years in CoS (76.5%) and the SMR (75.0%) had similar rates of mammograms to the Victorian average (75.9%)

Had a mammogram in past two years females aged 50–69 yrs, by LGA 2008 Yes No Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 75.9 74.5 77.2 23.6 22.2 24.9 SMR 75 71.7 78.0 24.3 21.3 27.6 CoS 76.5 65.5 84.8 23.5 15.2 34.5 CoGE 81.4 71.2 88.6 17.8 10.7 28.0 Source: VPHS 2008: Selected findings – 2. Health and Lifestyle: Part 2, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/downloads/2008_ch02_02.pdf and accessed June 2011

Cervical screening • In 2008, females aged 2069 years in CoS (76.3%) and CoGE (72.8%) had higher rates of Pap smears complete to the Victorian average (71.1%) and SMR average (71.7%)

Had a pap smear in past two years females aged 20–69 yrs, by LGA 2008 Yes No Area/ Region/ LGA 95% CI 95% CI % LL UL % LL UL Victoria 71.1 70.0 72.2 28.4 27.3 29.5 SMR 71.7 69.3 74.1 27.8 25.5 30.3 CoS 76.3 69.7 81.9 23.5 18.0 30.2 CoGE 72.8 65.9 78.7 25.3 19.6 32.1 Source: VPHS 2008: Selected findings – 2. Health and Lifestyle: Part 2, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/healthstatus/downloads/2008_ch02_02.pdf and accessed June2011 The Victorian Cervical Cytology Registry (VCCR) is a statebased registry that records Pap tests conducted in Victoria. Laboratories provide the VCCR with data on all Pap tests taken in Victoria, unless a woman chooses not to participate. The VCCR provides a more accurate assessment of Pap tests (compared with the Victorian Population Health Survey) and indicates that screening rates of women aged 2069 years who have had at least one Pap smear in the past two years are lower than that reported in the 2008 VPHS. Despite this, the geographical trends are similar to the VPHS, with both CoGE and CoS having higher screening rates than the regional average. • For all reporting periods between 2007 and 2011, both the CoGE and the CoS have had significantly higher rates of screening compared to the Southern Metropolitan Region • For all reporting periods between 2007 and 2011, screening rates for CoGE, CoS and SMR have all fallen, with CoS reporting the smallest reduction of 2.8%

Region/ Local 2007–2008 2008–2009 2009–2010 201011 Government Area % screened (95% CI) % screened (95% CI) % screened (95% CI) % screened (95% CI)

SMR 63.9 (63.8–64.1) 63.1 (62.9–63.2) 62.5% (62.4%62.7%) 60.5% (60.3%60.6%) CoS 68.3 (67.8–68.8) 67.6 (67.1–68.2) 67.3% (66.8%67.9%) 65.5% (65.0%66.0%) CoGE 66.4 (65.9–66.8) 66.2 (65.8–66.7) 66.1% (65.7%66.6%) 63.1% (62.6%63.6%) *State total unavailable. Source: Victorian Cervical Cytology Registry, Statistical Report 2011 http://www.vccr.org/stats.html accessed 19 April 2013

Access to services Modelled estimates of a range of social dimensions have been synthetically predicted from the 2010 General Social Survey (GSS) conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. This survey includes a number of questions which aims to assess community strength, both in terms of its positive aspects and negative effects. The data presented does not represent information collected in data sets, but are estimates of the expected social dimensions which are linked to the estimated residential population of an area at the corresponding time period. Information is presented in a number of ways: • The predicted number of people with a condition • Agestandardised ratios (ASR) per 100 population, which allows for differences in age structures of the populations to be taken into consideration • Standardised ratios (SR), which allow for direct comparison with a respective standard population (Australia – SR 100). An SR of 110 in an area means the standardised ration is 10% higher in the area than expected from the Australian rates, and an SR of 85 means the ratio is 15% lower in the area than expected from the Australian rates It should be noted that only the areas of City of Stonnington – Malvern and City of Glen Eira – Caulfield are within the CCHS catchment. Other areas have been presented to allow for comparison of results. All information for the follow section has been sourced from the Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocal governmentarea_published2012.html accessed April 2013 Financial barriers Persons aged 18 years and over who delayed medical consultation because they could not afford it Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have slightly lower ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of persons over 18 who delayed medical consultations because they could not afford it compared to Victoria and the SMR. Interpretation of results at a level smaller than LGA is not recommended due to high levels of prediction error.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 620,050 14.4 101 SMR 39,497 11.8 83 CoS* 7,546 8.8 62 Malvern** 3,207 8.1 57 Prahran** 4,339 9.3 66 CoGE* 11,009 10.2 72 Caulfield** 6,198 9.1 64 South* 4,811 12.1 85 *Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability ** Prediction is considered too unreliable for general use

Persons aged 18 years and over who delayed purchasing prescribed medication because they could not afford it Both the CoS and the CoGE appear to have lower ratios (agestandardised and non agestandardised) of persons over 18 who delayed purchasing prescribed medication because they could not afford it compared to Victoria and the SMR. Interpretation of results at a level smaller than LGA is not recommended due to high levels of prediction error.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 479,268 11.1 101 SMR 28,850 8.6 78 CoS* 5,732 6.7 61 Malvern** 2,418 6.1 56 Prahran** 3,314 7.2 65 CoGE* 7,540 7.0 63 Caulfield** 4,721 6.9 63 South** 2,819 7.0 64 *Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability ** Prediction is considered too unreliable for general use

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 192,029 4.4 109 SMR 13,549 3.9 96 CoS* 3,069 3.5 85 Malvern** 1,384 3.4 83 Prahran** 1,685 3.5 86 CoGE* 4,401 3.9 96 Caulfield** 2,626 3.7 91 South** 1,775 4.3 105 *Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability ** Prediction is considered too unreliable for general use

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 1,202,260 27.9 94 SMR 86,986 25.8 87

CoS* 22,218 26.3 89 Malvern* 10,115 26.0 88 Prahran* 12,103 26.5 89 CoGE* 28,037 26.0 87 Caulfield* 17,696 26.2 88 South* 10,341 25.6 86 *Predictions should be used with caution due to level of predication error/reliability

Service data utilisation GP availability and utilisation rates GPs LGA EFT/1000 population Stonnington (C) 2.06 Glen Eira (C) 1.26 Victoria 1.09

Source: DHS, 2006 Analysis of the above table indicates that both LGAs have a higher proportion of GPs compared to Victorian average. GP services The following information uses data from the Department of Health and Ageing 2009/10 and ABS Estimated Resident Population 2010 and is reported in the Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area report, produced by Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012. It should be noted that only the areas of City of Stonnington – Malvern and City of Glen Eira – Caulfield are within the CCHS catchment. Other areas have been presented to allow for comparison of results. Total GP services (MBS & DVA), 2009/10 Residents in Stonnington appear to have lower ratios (agestandardised and standard ratios) of GP services compared to the Victoria and the SMR. Glen Eira ratios are similar to SMR levels.

Number ASR (per 100,000 SR population) Victoria 29,748,672 539,074.4 100 SMR 2,215,623 494,616.7 92 CoS 463,011 458,901.7 85 Malvern 217,891 440,638.4 82 Prahran 245,120 476,456.0 88 CoGE 714,120 503,327.7 93 Caulfield 433,107 502,482.2 93 South 281,013 504,636.4 94 Source: Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernment area_published2012.html accessed April 2013 Total services by GPs for enhanced primary care items 2009/10 This data includes MBS item numbers: 700746, 749, 757759, 762, 765, 768, 771773, 775, 778779, 900, 903, 2710, 27122713 Residents in Stonnington appear to have lower ratios (agestandardised and standard ratios) of GP services for enhanced primary care items compared to Victoria and the SMR and much lower than the ratios for Australia wide. Glen Eira ratios are similar to SMR levels.

Number ASR (per 100,00 SR population) Victoria 129,188 2,299.1 89 SMR 10,587 2,042.4 79 CoS 1,763 1,716.2 67 Malvern 868 1,649.8 64 Prahran 859 1,786.1 69 CoGE 3,393 2,016.0 78 Caulfield 1,848 1,914.3 74

South 1,544 2,152.8 84 Source: Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernment area_published2012.html accessed April 2013 Annual health assessments by GPs persons aged 75 years and over, 2009/10 Residents in Stonnington appear to have much lower ratios (agestandardised and standard ratios) of annual health assessments by GP for persons aged 75 and over compared to Victoria and the SMR. Glen Eira ratios are similar to SMR and Victoria levels.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 63,916 18,001.2 92 SMR 6,107 17,721.3 90 CoS 798 11,665.5 59 Malvern 449 13,081.0 67 Prahran 348 10,237.6 52 CoGE 1,939 17,178.9 87 Caulfield 1,015 15,983.4 81 South 923 18,719.1 95 Source: Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernment area_published2012.html accessed April 2013 Better Access Care Program The Better Access initiative provides better access to mental health practitioners through Medicare and aims to improve treatment and management of mental illness within the community. GPs are encouraged to work more closely and collaboratively with psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, registered psychologists and appropriately trained social workers and occupational therapists (Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing, 2013). Preparation of Mental Health Care Plans by GPs 2009/10 Residents in Glen Eira appear to have higher ratios (agestandardised and standard ratios) of preparation of mental health care plans by GPs compared to Australia, Victoria and the SMR. Residents in Stonnington appear to have similar ratios to the SMR and Victoria, with those in the Prahran area (outside of the CCHS catchment) having the highest rates of plans prepared.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 498,786 9,030.3 113 SMR 39,982 9,277.8 117 CoS 10,014 9,418.1 118.4 Malvern 4,020 8,090.2 102 Prahran 5,994 10,583.0 133 CoGE 14,379 10,389.2 130.6 Caulfield 9,129 10,572.8 133 South 5,250 10,084.6 127 Source: Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernment area_published2012.html accessed April 2013 Further information on numbers and ratios of services utilised through the Better Care program can be found at the 2012 Social Health Atlas of Australia. This includes numbers and ratios for: • Psychiatrists

• Psychologists (general and clinical) • Social Workers • Occupational Therapists Private health insurance A modelled estimate of the number of people aged 15 and over with private health insurance in 2007/08 has been synthetically predicted from the 2007/08 National Health Survey (NHS). Private health insurance was defined as “cover additional to that provided under Medicare, offered by private health organisations registered under the National Health Act to reimburse all or part of the cost of hospital and/or ancillary services”. Residents in Stonnington and Glen Eira appear to have much higher ratios (agestandardised and standard ratios) of private health insurance cover compared to Victoria and the SMR. Those in the Malvern area (within the CCHS catchment) have the highest ratios with 71.4% of the population predicted to have private health insurance.

Number ASR (per 100 SR population) Victoria 2,045,860 47.9 102 SMR 214,686 62.7 134 CoS 56,701 68.9 147 Malvern 27,990 71.4 152 Prahran 28,710 66.6 142 CoGE 70.961 65.5 140 Caulfield 44,144 65.6 140 South 26,839 65.3 139 Source: Social Health Atlas of Australia: Statistical Local Area and Local Government Area, Public Health Information Development Unit, 2012, available from http://www.publichealth.gov.au/data/socialhealthatlasofaustralia%3Astatisticallocalareaandlocalgovernment area_published2012.html accessed April 2013 Bulk billing Medicare bulk billing data is based on the date the claim was processed by Medicare Australia. Only health services receiving a Medicare benefit rebate appear in Medicare data sets. These statistics relate to nonreferred general practitioner attendances that were rendered on a feeforservice basis and exclude Practice Nurse items. Electorate level data should be considered as estimates only. Allocations of services are based on the reported postal address postcodes of patients. Therefore, some data will not accurately reflect the address of where the patient actually resides.

2010 – 2011

% of Services Total Electorate services bulk billed services bulk billed

Higgins 372,747 630,858 59.10

Goldstein 410,073 683,646 60.0

Hotham 627,713 781,887 80.3

VICTORIA 23,878,610 30,194,169 79.1 Source: Department of Human Services (based on Medicare Benefits Scheme Bulk Billing Net Statistics 1 July 2010 – 30 June 2011) http://www.humanservices.gov.au/spw/corporate/publicationsandresources/factsandfigures/electoratedata/resources/2011/medicare benefitsschemebulkbillingnetstatistics1july201030june2011.pdf

CoS and CoGE come under the Higgins electorate. Hotham (Carnegie/East Bentleigh) and Goldstein (Caulfield, Elsternwick, Ormond and Gardenvale) incorporate a small part of CoGE LGA. Hotham predominately includes suburbs in Kingston and Greater Dandenong. From 2005 to 20102011 all electorates experienced a minor increase in the percentage of bulk billed services with the greatest difference being 2.8% for Hotham. The exception to this was Higgins, which had a minor decrease from 59.3% in 2005 to 59.1% in 20102011. However, overall in Victoria there was an increase in the percentage of bulk billed services from 72.3% in 2005 to 79.1% in 20102011. Mental health 2005–2006 mental health services – client residential profile by services type As a percentage of all mental health services provided in the SMR: • CoGE had the 2 nd highest number of clients and 3 rd highest number of contacts for Child Adolescent Mental Health Service and 4 th highest number of clients and contacts for Aged Mental Health Service

CAMHS Adult MHS Aged MHS All MHS

No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of No. of Clients Contacts Clients Contacts Clients Contacts Clients Contacts LGA Glen Eira (C) 278 5,933 656 26,191 204 5,149 1,138 37,273 Port Phillip (C) 108 2,370 1,044 44,148 142 6,095 1,294 52,613 CoS (C) 105 2,383 657 26,197 100 3,724 862 32,304 Bayside (C) 203 5,249 407 17,155 192 4,087 802 26,491 Kingston (C) 268 6,645 738 30,209 267 6,097 1,273 42,951 Cardinia (S) 66 2,757 204 3,615 41 1,244 311 7,616 Casey (C) 338 10,523 805 24,461 151 4,076 1,294 39,060 Greater Dandenong (C) 124 3,473 814 28,159 181 7,394 1,119 39,026 Frankston (C) 243 4,607 1,152 46,750 249 7,521 1,644 58,878 Mornington Peninsula (S) 191 5,219 901 34,465 313 9,744 1,405 49,428 not recorded 5 186 115 2,832 2 6 122 3,024 Total 1,929 49,345 7,493 284,182 1,842 55,137 11,264 388,664 Source: Mental Health Branch, DHS Alcohol and other drugs treatment services The following data refers to a report generated by the Drugs Policy and Services Branch of the Victorian Department of Human Services. The purpose of this report is to provide Alcohol and Drug Treatment services information for use in funding, management, planning, monitoring, evaluation or improvement of service provision. The below data highlights the huge difference in the number of drug and alcohol clients in the City of Port Phillip and CoS compared to the CoGE and Melbourne. The data also provides an overview of the average age of clients and the lengths of their course of treatment (COT 8) and completed course of treatment (EOC 9).

8 COT = Course of treatment (A period of service provision between a client and alcohol and drug worker(s), with specified dates of commencement and cessation.)

9 EOC = A completed course of treatment undertaken by a client, where at least one significant agreed treatment goal is achieved under the care of an alcohol and drug worker

The data also provides a useful breakdown of different drug types, the number of clients seen and the length of days clients have been treated for.

Source: ADIS Agency Report 2007–08, Southern Metro, Inner South CHS 20080718 Analysis shows that of the local government areas reviewed, the City of Port Phillip had the highest number of clients and treatment (105 and 132 respectively), followed by the CoS (40 and 47), CoGE (9 and 10) and Melbourne (8 and 9). The data highlights that the most common drugs that clients received treatment for were alcohol (51), heroin (36), cannabis (21), amphetamines (19) and opioid analgesics (17). Victorian home and community care service provision by region

DHS REGION SMR Statewide

Target population 10 106,490 450,197

Number of hours provided per 1000 people in Average number of clients per quarter per Service Type regional HACC target population 1000 people in HACC target population

Nursing 2,346 2,613 50 66 Allied Health 984 942 83 75 Delivered Meals 6,120 7,537 33 43 Home Care 5,349 5,555 137 135 Property Maintenance 387 634 29 37 Personal Care 2,824 2,618 33 30 Home & Community Respite 1,661 1,735 14 15 Overnight Respite 15 26 0 0 Volunteer Coordination (volunteerism) 558 1,693 8 19 Planned Activity Group (Core) 3,584 5,258 19 33 Planned Activity Group (High) 3,320 3,638 14 16 Source: Performance Data from HACC quarterly Minimum Data Set Collection 2005–06; Coordinated & Home Care Unit, R&RHACS, DHS, December 2006

10 Target population is defined as the number of people of all ages living at home, who have a moderate, severe or profound disability

The majority of HACC service provision in the SMR in 200506 is delivered meals, home care, planned activity group (core) and planned activity group (high). Aged Care Assessment Service (ACAS) data The core objective of the Aged Care Assessment Program (ACAP) is to comprehensively assess the needs of frail older people and to facilitate access to available services appropriate to their care needs. The program also promotes the coordination of aged care and other support services to improve the appropriateness and range of services available to frail and older people.

2003–2004 2004–2005 LGA measure, ACAS – % LGA measure, Assessments LGA measure, ACAS ACAS clients per referred for LGA measure, ACAS – % Assessments 2004 eligible 1,000 eligible residential clients per 1,000 referred for LGA population 1 population placement eligible pop's residential placement Stonnington 9,536 98 38.0 85.1 34 Glen Eira 15,693 110 33.2 96.0 28 SMR 115,606 100 44.3 86.3 45 Metropolitan 326,512 98 38.3 83.3 35 Melbourne Victoria 479,728 98 38.9 85.6 35

Source: MDS v2 database, ACAS Evaluation Unit, Lincoln Centre for Ageing and Community Care Research, La Trobe University The above table indicates that the CoGE has a higher number of ACAS clients per 1,000 eligible populations (110) when compared to the SMR (100), Melbourne (98) and Victoria (98). CoGE has a lower percentage of assessments for referred resident placement (33.2 per cent) compared to the SMR (44.3 per cent), Metropolitan Melbourne (38.3 per cent) and Victoria (38.9 per cent).

Child and family health and wellbeing Maternal and child health service indicators Between 20112012 there were 18,606 birth notifications in the SMR, 1,059 in CoS and 1,725 in CoGE. • The percentage of participation in key MCH visits (4 months, 12 months and two years) was consistently higher in CoGE and CoS than the regional average, with the exception of visits at 4 months for those in CoS (91.5% compared to 93.6%) • The percentage of babies fully breastfed at three months was also higher in CoS (64.8%) and CoGE (62.%) than the regional average (53.0%). • Total ATSI participation rate was higher in CoS (73.9%) than the regional average (51.3%), and lower in CoGE (40.0%)

% participation in key ages and % fully Total ATSI participation No. of birth Region/ LGA stages visit breastfed at 3 rate (active ATSI as % of notifications 4 mths 12 mths 2 years months total ATSI cards) SMR 18,606 93.6 83.5 74.1 53.0 51.3 CoS 1,059 91.5 88.5 78.8 64.8 73.9 CoGE 1,725 98.4 91.7 81.4 62.4 40.0 Source: Maternal & Child Health Services Annual Report 2011–2012, run date 17 October 2012 http://www.eduweb.vic.gov.au/edulibrary/public/earlychildhood/mch/report11annualsouthern.pdf When compared with the previous data from 201011: • Birth notifications have increased in the SMR (from 18,130 to 18,606) and in CoS (1,014 to 1,059) but have decreased slightly in CoGE (1,833 to 1,725). • The percentage of participation in key MCH visits at 4 months and 12 months has fallen across the SMR and in CoGE and CoS, while visits at two years have increased across all areas. • The percentage of babies fully breastfed at three months has remained constant across all areas (SMR from 53.3% to 53.0%, CoGE from 64.1% to 64.8% but and CoS from 62.2% to 62.4%). • ATSI participation rates have remained consistent across the region (51.8% to 51.3%) but have fallen greatly in CoGE (60.0% to 40.0%) and risen greatly in CoS (from 64.0% to 73.9%). Childhood immunisation rates The Australian Childhood Immunisation Register Coverage Report (31 March 2011) indicates that: • At age 12 to 15 months, 89.78 per cent of children in CoS and 91.42 per cent of children in CoGE had been fully immunised. This is slightly lower than the regional average of 92.35 per cent and Victorian average of 92.33 per cent. • At age 24 to 27 months, 91.64 per cent of children in CoS had been fully immunised, which is lower than the regional average of 93.43 per cent and Victorian average of 93.53 per cent. In contrast, a higher percentage of children in CoGE had been fully immunised (93.79 per cent) compared with the regional and state averages. • At age 60 to 63 months, 88.61 per cent of children in CoS had been fully immunised, which is the same as the regional average of 88.61 per cent and lower than the Victorian average of 90.95 per cent. Once again, a higher percentage of children in CoGE had been fully immunised (91.67 per cent) compared with state and regional averages.

% Fully immunised (12–15 State/Region/ LGA % Fully immunised (24–27 months) % Fully immunised (60–63 months) months) Victoria 92.33 93.53 90.95 SMR 92.35 93.43 88.61 CoS 89.78 91.64 88.61 CoGE 91.42 93.79 91.67 Source: Australian Childhood Immunisation Register – Coverage Report, State Summary by Age Group, processing date 31March 2011 Australian Early Development Index (AEDI) The AEDI is a measure of how young children are developing in different communities. Based on the scores from a teachercompleted checklist, the AEDI measures five areas, or domains, of early childhood development: • Physical health and wellbeing • Social competence • Emotional maturity • Language and cognitive skills (schoolbased) • Communication skills and general knowledge Based on the results of AEDI Community profiles (2012) 11 , children in the Cities of Glen Eira and Stonnington score consistently higher (and are at lower risk) than their counterparts in Victoria and Australia. In particular: • 79.5% of children in CoS and 74.3% of children in CoGE scored above the 50 th percentile on language and cognitive skills compared to 60.9% across Australia and 64.6% in Victoria. • 72.2% of children in CoGE and 70.3% of children in CoS scored above the 50 th percentile on communication skills and general knowledge compared to 56.0% across Australia and 60.7% in Victoria. • 10.4% of children in CoS and 12.6% of children in CoGE were vulnerable on one or more domains compared to 22.0% across Australia and 19.5% in Victoria. The following significant changes the proportion of children developmentally vulnerable in various domains has occurred over 2009 to 2012: Physical health and wellbeing: 4.3% reduction in CoS Social competence: 5.1% reduction in CoS and 1.1% reduction in CoGE Emotional maturity: 2.1% reduction in CoS Language and cognitive skills: no significant changes Communication skills and general knowledge: 3.1% reduction in CoS

11 In 2012 the AEDI was completed nationwide with 289,973 children surveyed representing 96.5% of children enrolled to start full time formal school (http://maps.aedi.org.au/profiles/vic/static/reports/22310.pdf )

Children in Stonnington Median Developmentally Developmentally Score (%) vulnerable (%) at risk (%) On track (%) Between the Between the 10th 25th and Above the Below the 10th and 25th 50th 50th percentile percentile percentile percentile

Physical health and wellbeing Australia 9.6 9.3 13.4 19.5 57.8 Victoria 10.0 7.8 11.1 18.7 62.5 CoS 10.0 3.3 10.2 21.7 64.8 CoGE 10.0 4.8 8.3 18.8 68.1 Social competence Australia 9.2 9.3 14.3 21.9 54.6 Victoria 9.4 8.1 13.3 21.5 57.1 CoS 9.8 2.8 11.1 19.8 66.3 CoGE 9.6 4.3 11.4 19.8 64.4 Emotional maturity Australia 8.7 7.6 14.2 24.2 53.9 Victoria 8.8 7.2 13.5 23.3 56.1 CoS 9.2 5.0 9.3 20.3 65.5 CoGE 9.0 5.8 10.6 23.0 60.7 Language and cognitive skills Australia 9.6 6.8 10.6 21.7 60.9 Victoria 9.6 6.1 9.9 19.4 64.6 CoS 9.6 1.7 5.4 13.4 79.5 CoGE 9.6 2.5 6.0 17.2 74.3 Communication skills and general knowledge Australia 9.4 9.0 16.3 18.7 56.0 Victoria 9.4 8.0 14.6 16.7 60.7 CoS 10.0 2.8 11.1 15.8 70.3 CoGE 10.0 4.1 10.7 13.0 72.2

Children vulnerable on 1 Children vulnerable on 2 or or more domains (%) more domains (%) Australia 22.0 10.8 Victoria 19.5 9.5 CoS 10.4 3.5 CoGE 12.6 5.4 Source: AEDI Community Profile 2012– Glen Eira , available at http://reports.aedi.org.au/communityprofile/vic/2012/22310.pdf and AEDI Community Profile 2012 – Stonnington , available at http://reports.aedi.org.au/communityprofile/vic/2012/26350.pdf

Other Data Community safety Crime rates Crime statistics are produced annually by Victoria Police. Summaries of offences are reported per 100,000 population to enable comparisons across different areas. In 201112, the City of Glen Eira had much lower rates of crime against the person (406) and crime against property (2,927) than the Southern Metropolitan Region (977 and 4,484) and the Victorian State average (984 and 4,797). In 201112, the City of Stonnington had similar rates of crime against the person (991) compared to the Southern Metropolitan Region (977) and the Victorian State average (984), however had much larger rates of crime against property (6,222 compared to 4,484 and 4,797).

Southern Metro 201112 Crime per 100,000 population CoS CoGE State average Region Crime against the person 991 406 977 984

Crime against property 6222 2927 4484 4797 Source: Community Indicators– Glen Eira, available at http://www.communityindicators.net.au/wellbeing_reports/glen_eira and Community Indicators – Stonnington, available at http://www.communityindicators.net.au/wellbeing_reports/stonnington For information on Perceptions of Safety, please see ‘Community Indicators Victoria’ data on page 60. Family violence incidents This data set provides a count of family violence incidents recorded by police, by LGA. Rates for 2009–2010 were calculated using 2009 ERP figures. The figures were extracted from the LEAP database on 18 July 2010. Due to the variation in population size by LGA, it is best to use the rate of incidents per 1,000 ERP for comparing areas; the numbers can be used to show annual changes over time. In comparison to the SMR (7.2), the rate of family violence incidents per 1,000 ERP is lower in both CoGE (3.7) and CoS (4.89).

Rate/1,000 ERP, LGA 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2008–09 2009–10 ERP 2009 12 2009–10 SMR 7,582 7,128 7,364 7,124 7,617 8,897* 9,400* 1,305,685 7.2 CoS 516 428 446 442 374 499 482 99,110 4.89 CoGE 484 417 463 548 522 570 505 136,354 3.70 Source: Melbourne Access Point, SMR (based on Victoria Police data, 2002–07) and Victoria Police 2009/10 Crime Statistics, data extracted from LEAP on 18 July 2010 **Note on the data: The incident numbers for SMR were not provided for 2008/9 and 2009/10 and were calculated by adding incidents across all LGAs in the region. This method of calculation may not be consistent with previous years, and may distort trends over time.

12 Department of Health Southern Metropolitan Health Status , December 2010, available at http://www.health.vic.gov.au/regions/southern/downloads/healthstatus.pdf

Gaming Compared to the Victorian average, in 2011/12, CoS had lower numbers of EGMs and net EGM expenditure per adult while CoGE exceeded the state average on both EGMs per 1,000 adults and net EGM spend per adult. • Victorian average of 6.00 EGM per adult and net EGM spend of $602 • CoS – 3.39 machines per 1,000 adults and a net EGM spend of $270 • CoGE – 6.97 machines per 1,000 adults and a net EGM spend of $669

CoS CoGE Victoria Venues: 2011/12 7 12 511 EGMs: 2011/12 295 774 26,778 EGMs per 1,000 Adults: 2011/12 3.39 6.97 6.00 Net EGM expenditure per adult $270 $669 $602 Source: Victorian Commission for Gambling and Liquor Regulation, Regional Statistics, available from: http://www.vcgr.vic.gov.au/CA256F800017E8D4/research/1DE2731698205E68CA2577810018AFE3?OpenDocument Transport Motor vehicle ownership

Car ownership City of Stonnington (vehicles per household) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Enumerated data number % number % 2006 to 2011 Melbourne Melbourne No vehicles 6,393 15.2 9.0 5,933 14.6 9.4 +460 1 vehicle 17,092 40.6 33.9 15,658 38.5 33.4 +1,434 2 vehicles 11,688 27.7 35.5 11,308 27.8 35.1 +380 3 vehicles or more 3,540 8.4 15.4 3,292 8.1 14.3 +248 Not stated 3,437 8.2 6.3 4,469 11.0 7.8 1,032 Total 42,150 100.0 100.0 40,660 100.0 100.0 +1,490

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 20011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/car ownership Analysis of the car ownership of the households in the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that 76.7% of the households owned at least one car, while 15.2% did not, compared with 84.8% and 9.0% respectively in Greater Melbourne. Of those that owned at least one vehicle, there was a larger proportion who owned just one car; a smaller proportion who owned two cars; and a smaller proportion who owned three cars or more. Overall, 40.6% of the households owned one car; 27.7% owned two cars; and 8.4% owned three cars or more, compared with 33.9%; 35.5% and 15.4% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest changes in the household car ownership in the City of Stonnington between 2006 and 2011 were:

• 1 motor vehicle (+1,434 households)

• No motor vehicles (+460 households)

• 2 motor vehicles (+380 households)

• 3 or more motor vehicles (+248 households)

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Car ownership City of Glen Eira (vehicles per household) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater Enumerated data number % number % 2006 to 2011 Melbourne Melbourne No vehicles 5,339 10.3 9.0 5,482 10.9 9.4 143 1 vehicle 20,035 38.6 33.9 19,035 37.8 33.4 +1,000 2 vehicles 17,873 34.4 35.5 16,606 33.0 35.1 +1,267 3 vehicles or more 5,663 10.9 15.4 5,121 10.2 14.3 +542

Not stated 2,992 5.8 6.3 4,152 8.2 7.8 1,160 Total 51,902 100.0 100.0 50,396 100.0 100.0 +1,506

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/car ownership Analysis of the car ownership of the households in the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that 83.9% of the households owned at least one car, while 10.3% did not, compared with 84.8% and 9.0% respectively in Greater Melbourne. Of those that owned at least one vehicle, there was a larger proportion who owned just one car; a smaller proportion who owned two cars; and a smaller proportion who owned three cars or more. Overall, 38.6% of the households owned one car; 34.4% owned two cars; and 10.9% owned three cars or more, compared with 33.9%; 35.5% and 15.4% respectively for Greater Melbourne. The largest changes in the household car ownership in the City of Glen Eira between 2006 and 2011 were:

• 2 motor vehicles (+1,267 households)

• 1 motor vehicle (+1,000 households)

• 3 or more motor vehicles (+542 households)

• No motor vehicles (143 households) Road traffic casualty accidents This data set provides data on road traffic accidents involving casualties by LGA for 2011, broken down into fatal, serious and other injury. The data counts accidents, not individuals and classified according to the most serious injury type. Note that accidents on LGA borders are counted in the totals for both LGAs. The fatal and serious accidents per 1,000 ERP has been calculated using the 2011 census ERP data as provided on profile.id.

Fatal and serious Serious Total casualty LGA Fatal Other injury 2011 ERP accidents per injury accidents 1,000 ERP Stonnington 2 (<1%) 88 (22%) 302 (77%) 392 99,118 0.91 Glen Eira 2 (<1%) 97 (31%) 209 (68%) 308 137,566 0.72 Metropolitan Southeast Region 66 (1%) 1,444 (29%) 3,478 (70%) 4,988 Source: VicRoads CrashStats data, accessed 20 January 2013, available from: http://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/Home/SafetyAndRules/AboutRoadSafety/StatisticsAndResearch/CrashStats.htm The CoS (0.91) has a higher rate of fatal and serious injury accidents in comparison to the CoGE (0.72) and a greater number of other injury accidents. Method of travel to work Derived from the Census question: 'How did the person get to work on Tuesday, 9 August 2011?' and refers to persons aged 15 years and over

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Travel to work City of Stonnington (includes multimode journeys) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater 2006 to Enumerated data number % number % Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Train 9,380 18.5 10.0 7,460 15.9 8.5 +1,920 Bus 653 1.3 1.5 516 1.1 1.2 +137 Tram or Ferry 2,927 5.8 2.3 2,358 5.0 2.0 +569 Taxi 167 0.3 0.2 155 0.3 0.2 +12 Car – as driver 23,311 46.0 60.6 22,697 48.5 61.2 +614 Car – as passenger 1,410 2.8 4.3 1,402 3.0 4.7 +8 Truck 88 0.2 0.7 89 0.2 0.9 1 Motorbike 257 0.5 0.4 207 0.4 0.5 +50 Bicycle 1,221 2.4 1.3 864 1.8 1.1 +357 Walked only 3,165 6.2 2.9 2,918 6.2 3.0 +247 Other 564 1.1 1.0 470 1.0 0.9 +94 Worked at home 2,663 5.3 3.7 2,516 5.4 3.7 +147 Did not go to work 4,342 8.6 9.4 4,488 9.6 10.2 146 Not stated 545 1.1 1.6 658 1.4 1.9 113 Total employed persons aged 15+ 50,693 100.0 100.0 46,798 100.0 100.0 +3,895

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/travelto work In 2011, there were 12,960 people who caught public transport to work (train, bus, tram or ferry) in City of Stonnington, compared with 25,066 who drove in private vehicles (car – as driver, car – as passenger, motorbike, or truck). Analysis of the method of travel to work of the residents in the City of Stonnington in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that 25.6% used public transport, while 49.4% used a private vehicle, compared with 13.8% and 66.1% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the method of travel to work of the City of Stonnington and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of persons who travelled by train (18.5% compared to 10.0%)

• A larger percentage of persons who travelled by tram or ferry (5.8% compared to 2.3%)

• A larger percentage of persons who walked only (6.2% compared to 2.9%)

• A larger percentage of persons who worked at home (5.3% compared to 3.7%) The number of employed people in City of Stonnington increased by 3,895 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the method of travel to work by resident population in the City of Stonnington between 2006 and 2011 were for those nominated:

• Train (+1,920 persons)

• Car as driver (+614 persons)

• Tram or Ferry (+569 persons)

• Bicycle (+357 persons)

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Travel to work City of Glen Eira (includes multimode journeys) 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater 2006 to Enumerated data number % number % Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Train 11,620 17.8 10.0 8,943 15.0 8.5 +2,677 Bus 744 1.1 1.5 614 1.0 1.2 +130 Tram or Ferry 906 1.4 2.3 815 1.4 2.0 +91 Taxi 118 0.2 0.2 117 0.2 0.2 +1 Car – as driver 36,494 55.8 60.6 34,282 57.6 61.2 +2,212 Car – as passenger 2,084 3.2 4.3 2,132 3.6 4.7 48 Truck 264 0.4 0.7 309 0.5 0.9 45 Motorbike 292 0.4 0.4 267 0.4 0.5 +25 Bicycle 916 1.4 1.3 742 1.2 1.1 +174 Walked only 1,469 2.2 2.9 1,438 2.4 3.0 +31 Other 567 0.9 1.0 455 0.8 0.9 +112 Worked at home 2,951 4.5 3.7 2,630 4.4 3.7 +321 Did not go to work 6,095 9.3 9.4 5,843 9.8 10.2 +252 Not stated 842 1.3 1.6 950 1.6 1.9 108 Total employed persons aged 15+ 65,362 100.0 100.0 59,537 100.0 100.0 +5,825

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/traveltowork In 2011, there were 13,270 people who caught public transport to work (train, bus, tram or ferry) in City of Glen Eira, compared with 39,134 who drove in private vehicles (car – as driver, car – as passenger, motorbike, or truck). Analysis of the method of travel to work of the residents in the City of Glen Eira in 2011 compared to Greater Melbourne shows that 20.3% used public transport, while 59.9% used a private vehicle, compared with 13.8% and 66.1% respectively in Greater Melbourne. The major differences between the method of travel to work of the City of Glen Eira and Greater Melbourne were:

• A larger percentage of persons who travelled by train (17.8% compared to 10.0%)

• A smaller percentage of persons who travelled by car (as driver) (55.8% compared to 60.6%)

• A smaller percentage of persons who travelled by car (as a passenger) (3.2% compared to

• 4.3%) The number of employed people in City of Glen Eira increased by 5,825 between 2006 and 2011. The largest changes in the method of travel to work by resident population in the City of Glen Eira between 2006 and 2011 were for those nominated:

• Train (+2,677 persons)

• Car as driver (+2,212 persons)

• Worked at home (+321 persons)

• Did not go to work (+252 persons) Survey of travel attitudes and behaviours The following data is based on market segmentation research conducted on behalf of the Department of Transport, telephone sample of 5009 respondents across metropolitan Melbourne, June 2006.

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Analysis of the below table shows that CoS residents were much more likely to use public transport in order to travel to work, social activities/special events or for personal business/shopping than the Melbourne metro average. Coincidently, they are less likely to use private motor vehicles or to be nonusers of public transport.

Melbourne CoS CoGE Indicator metro % of weekly travel to work by public transport 49.4 25.4 27.3

% of weekly travel to formal education or study by public transport *13 54.0 53.9 % of weekly travel for shopping and personal business by public transport 30.0 18.4 17.9 % of weekly travel for social activities and special events by public transport 39.4 28.0 23.2 % of people who are high frequency public transport users (5 times a week or more) 25.0 16.2 16.5 % of people who are low frequency public transport users (between once a month and 4 times 48.0 45.8 38.1 a week) % of people who are nonusers of public transport (less than once a month) 27.0 38.0 45.4 % of people who think that car parking at their nearest train station is inadequate 53.6 51.9 48.7 % of people who generally have access to a vehicle they can drive 76.3 84.8 81.3 % of people who had reduced private motor vehicle use in the previous 12 months 29.5 27.9 27.1 % of people who are using private motor vehicles less because of rising petrol prices 30.0 76.1 50.8 % of people who are using private motor vehicles less because of environmental concerns 2.7 7.6 6.5 % of people who are using private motor vehicles less for reasons of health or fitness 9.9 17.1 14.4

Source: Department of Transport, Victorian Transport Statistics Portal, http://www1.transport.vic.gov.au/VTSP/homepage.html?id=1 Internet connection Dwelling Internet Connection: City of Stonnington Connection Type 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater 2006 to Enumerated data number % number % Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Total internet connection 33,504 79.5 76.4 26,228 64.5 61.0 +7,276 Broadband connection 30,124 71.5 70.0 19,564 48.1 42.7 +10,560 Dialup connection 1,038 2.5 2.7 6,396 15.7 17.8 5,358 Other connection 2,342 5.6 3.7 268 0.7 0.5 +2,074 No internet connection 5,135 12.2 16.8 10,214 25.1 31.5 5,079 Not stated 3,515 8.3 6.8 4,220 10.4 7.5 705 Total households 42,154 100.0 100.0 40,662 100.0 100.0 +1,492

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/stonnington/internet connection Analysis of the type of internet connection of households in the City of Stonnington compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of households with either no internet connection or a dial up connection, and a higher proportion of households with broadband connectivity. Overall 14.6% of households had no internet connection or a dial up connection, and 71.5% had broadband connectivity, compared with 19.5% and 70.0% respectively in Greater Melbourne. Between 2006 and 2011 the number of households with an internet connection increased by 7,276. The largest changes in the internet connectivity in the City of Stonnington, between 2006 and 2011 were:

13 Sample size less than 30

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• Broadband connection (+10,560 households) • Total internet connection (+7,276 households) • Dialup connection (5,358 households)

Dwelling Internet Connection: City of Glen Eira Connection Type 2011 2006 Change Greater Greater 2006 to Enumerated data number % number % Melbourne Melbourne 2011 Total internet connection 40,572 78.2 76.4 32,015 63.5 61.0 +8,557 Broadband connection 37,548 72.3 70.0 23,924 47.5 42.7 +13,624 Dialup connection 1,267 2.4 2.7 7,839 15.6 17.8 6,572 Other connection 1,757 3.4 3.7 252 0.5 0.5 +1,505 No internet connection 8,139 15.7 16.8 14,399 28.6 31.5 6,260 Not stated 3,188 6.1 6.8 3,981 7.9 7.5 793 Total households 51,899 100.0 100.0 50,395 100.0 100.0 +1,504

Source: ABS, Census of Population and Housing, 2006 and 2011 (accessed from profile id) http://profile.id.com.au/gleneira/internet connection Analysis of the type of internet connection of households in the City of Glen Eira compared to Greater Melbourne shows that there was a lower proportion of households with either no internet connection or a dial up connection, and a higher proportion of households with broadband connectivity. Overall 18.1% of households had no internet connection or a dial up connection, and 72.3% had broadband connectivity, compared with 19.5% and 70.0% respectively in Greater Melbourne. Between 2006 and 2011 the number of households with an internet connection increased by 8,557. The largest changes in the internet connectivity in the City of Glen Eira, between 2006 and 2011 were: • Broadband connection (+13,624 households) • Total internet connection (+8,557 households) • Dialup connection (6,572 households)

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