Ecosystem-Based Solutions: Working with Nature to Adapt to Climate Change

Yabanex Batista Senior Policy Advisor The Nature Conservancy Green Week June 3rd, 2010

Photo credits: (top) Mark Godfrey; (Bottom) Jez O'Hare; Scott Warren Presentation Outline

Adaptation Case Studies and Examples

• Ecosystem-based adaptation

• Islands take action: Conservation, Climate Change and Sustainable Livelihoods

• Water Funds and Climate Change: Where does water come from? EcosystemEcosystem Based Adaptation

Ecosystem-based adaptation, which integrates the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services into an overall adaptation strategy, can be cost-effective and generate social, economic and cultural co- benefits and contribute to the conservation of biodiversity.

Report of the Second Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on Biodiversity and Climate Change (CBD AHTEG) CBD Technical Series No. 41 Islands Take Action: Conservation, Climate Change and Sustainable Livelihoods

Coral Triangle Initiative

Caribbean Challenge Micronesia Challenge Kimbe Bay

Philippines

Malaysia

Indonesia Bismarck Sea Kimbe Bay

Papua New Guinea Timor L’este Solomon Islands Savu Sea SST projections to 2100 Developing Resilient MPAs

Effective Management

Threat Abatement Strong Recruitment Adaptive Strategies Enhanced Recovery

Representation and Replication

Habitat Types Risk Spreading Multiples

Critical Areas Refuges Secure Sources Spawning Aggregations of Seed

Connectivity

Transport Replenishment Kimbe Bay (PNG): Designing a resilient MPA Network Inshore and offshore reef systems of different kinds

East and west sides of the bay

Connectivity - by the size and spacing of the MPAs Stepping stones across the Pacific

Pacific Island Challenges Hawaii Coral Triangle Palmyra

Micronesia E Tropical Pacific WaterWater FundsFunds andand ClimateClimate Change:Change: WhereWhere doesdoes waterwater comescomes from?from? FreshwaterFreshwater andand ProtectedProtected Areas:Areas: NorthernNorthern AndesAndes

Protected areas in Colombia: 10% of territory 50% Colombians indirectly receive water from PAs 20% of hydroelectric power

Protected areas in Ecuador: 19% of territory 50% Ecuadorians indirectly receive water from PAs 60% of hydroelectric power

Protected areas in Peru: 16 PAs provide water for 2.7 million people Value of US$81 million 60% of hydroelectric power comes from rivers in 6 PAs Value of US$320 million WaterWater FundFund ModelModel

Users Providers

$ Water $ Fund

Water users Fund Watershed capitalize the fund protected

% of profits from the water company, Financial electricity revenue company Conservation + programs + and projects Additional Donor Catalyst resources Grants of projects QuitoQuito WaterWater FundFund (FONAG)(FONAG)

• 2 million residents Importance • Condor Bioreserve: 2.5 million acres, exceptional biodiversity, including 760 bird species; 28 rivers

• 2000: $21,000 start-up Fund Progress • 2008: $6,000,000

• 2008: provided $700,000 for conservation in Conservation watersheds: park guards, environmental education, Progress sustainable livelihoods.

• EMPAAQ (Quito’s water agency); Quito Electric Partners Company; TNC; USAID; Swiss Development Corporation; National beer company; Tesalia Springs Co.

http://www.fonag.org.ec Why water funds can be a win-win-win adaptation strategy? Water Funds Multiple Benefits: Conservation, Social, Economic Adaptation

Maintain regular water supply • Conserving ecosystems that are biologically adapted to store and regulate water release

Maintain Integrity and Resilience of the ecosystems and watershed system • PA and landscape focus – improved connectivity, threat abatement (cattle ranching), soil stabilization

Enhance people’s resilience to change • Best management practices on productive systems (soil stability- fertility-water retention, etc) • Income diversification Why water funds can be a win-win-win adaptation strategy?

Water Funds Multiple Benefits: Conservation, Social, Economic Adaptation

Economic Benefits Cost-effectiveness (ex. sedimentation costs) Ensuring viability of economic development (ex. sugarcane industry)

Multi-sectoral Governance Structure • Decision-making board that includes representatives from multiple user groups of water resources • Long term mechanism – good framework to work on climate change Water fund-EBA Proof of Concept “Agua para La Vida Fund”

East Cauca Valley near Cali, Colombia Watersheds: Tuluá-Morales, Nima, Amaime, Bolo, Desbaratado, Frayle, Guabas, Palo and Zabaletas en el Departamento del Valle del Cauca (cuenca del Magdalena River watershed) – Las Hermosas National Park © David Wachenfeld / Tirggerfish Images ThankThank You!You!

Yabanex Batista, Senior Policy Advisor The Nature Conservancy [email protected] Forests and Sustainable Livelihoods Berau Forest Carbon Program (Indonesia

Delivering Practical Solutions to Support Development of a National REDD Program

Indonesia Copenhagen Accord Pledge: Reduce emissions by 26% by 2020 from business as usual scenario Indonesia Why Berau? The opportunity of REDD

•A real sustainable development pathway •Getting decentralization right •Multi-stakeholder agreements on land use •Equitable incentives Land use in Berau

Timber Concessions: ~780k ha

Oil Palm Plantations: ~189k ha

Mining Concessions: ~185k ha

Timber Plantations: ~229 ha

Protection Forests: ~361k ha Partnering for effective management Finding the right roles Neigboring CommunitiesDistrictDonors: USAID, communitiesAUSAID,NORAD, ProvinceADB? Land managers Companies: Berau Investors CentralpopulationNatural forest concessions Government Forestry,Technical: TNC, Timber plantations Forests DNPI.NeighboringICRAF, Winrock, Other stakeholders OilEnvironmentdistrictsU.Mulawarman, palm Agriculture,Sekala, World MiningEducation, University Mining, Queensland Planning, Support Finance REDD Strategies Baseline Strategy 1 Strategy 2 Strategy 3 Strategy 4 Timber Concessions: Reduced Impact Historic Performance Logging / Certification Period 1 Oil Palm Plantations: Better siting decisions; land swaps

Protection Forests: Protected Area Management, Sustainable Funding

Spatial planning Information for Decision-making Governance & Enforcement Berau as a microcosm of Indonesia

Need for a sustainable development pathway Data and processes needed to clarify land use decision- making Financial, legal, institutional arrangements needed for REDD Market-based REDD funding unlikely in near-term

Tackling challenges at district scale provides experience base critical to reaching national scale