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Tese Paola Lupianhes Dallâ´Occo UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” unesp INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS – RIO CLARO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS (ÁREA DE ZOOLOGIA) TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: ACHELATA E POLYCHELIDA) NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO PAOLA LUPIANHES DALL´OCCO Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Câmpus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). Junho - 2010 PAOLA LUPIANHES DALL’ OCCO TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: ACHELATA E POLYCHELIDA) NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). ORIENTADOR: Dr. Gustavo Augusto Schmidt de Melo Rio Claro 2010 Dall´Occo, Paola Lupianhes Taxonomia e Distribuição das Lagostas (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata e Polychelida) no Oceano Atlântico/ Paola Lupianhes Dall´Occo. Rio Claro: [s.n.], 2010. 432 f. : figs., gráfs., tabs. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro. Orientador: Gustavo Augusto Schmidt de Melo 1. Lagostas. 2. Achelata. 3. Polychelida. 4. Sistemática. 5. Biogeografia. 6. Oceano Atlântico. PAOLA LUPIANHES DALL’ OCCO TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: ACHELATA E POLYCHELIDA) NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia). Comissão Examinadora Dr. Gustavo A. Schmidt de Melo Dra. Cristiana Silveira Serejo Dr. Valter José Cobo Dr. Paulo Ricardo Nucci Dra. Ana Luiza Brossi Garcia Rio Claro, 09 de junho de 2010 DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 3 Aos meus pais, Marcina e Roberto DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 4 “Isto não é o fim. Não é sequer o princípio do fim. Mas é talvez, o fim do princípio.” Winston Churchill DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 5 AGRADECIMENTOS DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 6 Ao meu orientador, Dr. Gustavo Augusto Schmidt de Melo, pela imensa generosidade em compartilhar seus conhecimentos, pelo continuado incentivo e aconselhamentos dados nesta importante etapa. Ao Prof. Dr. Gustavo Augusto Schmidt de Melo Filho, a quem devo meu ingresso na Carcinologia, por seus ensinamentos, apoio, oportunidades e confiança. Ao Dr. Shane Ahyong (National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research) por seus esclarecimentos e gentileza no envio de trabalhos. Ao Dr. Raphael Lemaitre (National Museum of Natural History - Smithsonian), à Dra. Cristiana Serejo (Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro), ao Dr. Petrônio Alves Coelho Filho (Universidade Federal de Alagoas), André Moreira de Assis e Marlene Hoffmann (Museu Professor Mello Leitão) pelo empréstimo de material. A todos os que dão vida e a vida ao Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP): Ao Dr. Marcos Siqueira Tavares, curador do Laboratório de Carcinologia; às bibliotecárias, “Santa” Dione Seripierri a quem agradeço pela fundamental ajuda e amizade, à Marta Lúcia Zamana e Cláudia Alves de Melo pela extraordinária competência, disponibilidade e simpatia, que permitiu a obtenção das referências necessárias à realização do presente trabalho. Ao Rodrigo pelo auxílio na elaboração dos mapas distribucionais e na editoração das figuras e a todos os colegas e funcionários. Ao corpo docente do Programa de Pós-Graduação do Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Campus de Rio Claro que contribuiu com dedicação para minha formação. Ao incentivo financeiro oferecido pela Secretaria da Educação do Governo do Estado de São Paulo, para o Programa Bolsa Doutorado. DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 7 A todos os meus colegas professores, aos que tenho o prazer da companhia diária e àqueles cujas lembranças me trazem uma imensa saudade, pelos exemplos de perseverança e amor pela profissão e aos meus alunos e ex-alunos por tornarem os dias de trabalho desafiadores e muito divertidos. Aos queridos amigos e familiares que de alguma maneira acompanharam este trabalho e souberam compreender minhas ausências, em especial a Luciane Faccini por sua incrível sensibilidade e amizade sincera. Aos meus pais pelo carinho, apoio, estímulo e ensinamentos que não podem ser encontrados em livros e para quem meus agradecimentos sempre serão poucos. Amo vocês! DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 8 RESUMO DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 9 O presente estudo aborda aspectos sistemáticos e biogeográficos das lagostas pertencentes as infraordens Achelata Scholtz & Richter, 1995 e Polychelida De Haan, 1841 que ocorrem no Oceano Atlântico. Constituindo um relevante recurso ecológico, comercial e científico, são encontradas em uma grande variedade de habitats e profundidades desde a região intertidal até a região abissal, ultrapassando os 5000m. De acordo com os dados obtidos através da literatura e da análise de exemplares provenientes de coleções carcinológicas nacionais e internacionais a fauna de lagostas (Achelata e Polychelida) do Oceano Atlântico é composta por 50 espécies, distribuídas em 3 famílias, 3 subfamílias e 18 gêneros. Para os táxons são fornecidas diagnoses e chaves de identificação, sendo que o tratamento formal de cada espécie inclui sinonímia, tipo(s), localidade-tipo, descrição, tamanho, coloração, hábitat, distribuição geográfica, observações, mapa de distribuição e ilustrações. O estudo biogeográfico realizado caracteriza e discute os padrões distribucionais encontrados, juntamente, com os fatores abióticos que influenciam na distribuição das espécies. São ainda analisados os graus de valência ecológica das espécies em relação aos tipos de substratos ocupados e gradientes batimétricos. Palavras chave: Lagostas. Crustacea. Decapoda. Achelata. Polychelida. Sistemática. Biogeografia. Oceano Atlântico. DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 10 ABSTRACT DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 11 This study addresses aspects of the systematics and biogeography of lobsters belonging to the infraorders Achelata Scholtz & Richter, 1995 and Polychelida De Haan, 1841 that occur in the Atlantic Ocean. Constituting an important ecological, commercial, and scientific resource, these lobsters are found in a wide variety of habitats and depths from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone below 5000 m. According to published information and the analysis of specimens from carcinological collections within and outside Brazil, the lobster fauna (Achelata and Polychelida) in the Atlantic Ocean is composed of 50 species, belonging to 3 families, 3 subfamilies, and 18 genera. For the taxa, diagnoses and identification keys are provided. The formal treatment of each species includes the synonymy, type(s), type-locality, description, size, coloration, habitat, geographical distribution, notes, distribution map, and illustrations. The biogeographical study conducted characterizes and discusses the distributional patterns, along with the abiotic factors that influence the distributions of the species. The degrees of ecological valence of the species in relation to the types of substrates occupied and the bathymetric gradients are also analyzed. Key words: Lobsters. Crustacea. Decapoda. Achelata. Polychelida. Systematics. Biogeography. Atlantic Ocean. DALL´OCCO, P. L. TAXONOMIA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DAS LAGOSTAS NO OCEANO ATLÂNTICO 12 SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO......................................................................................................15 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS..................................................................................... 25 RESULTADOS......................................................................................................36 Chave para infraordens da subordem Pleocyemata..............................................38 Infraordem Achelata............................................................................................40 Superfamília Palinuroidea...................................................................................41 Chave para as famílias da superfamília Palinuroidea............................................41 Família Palinuridae .............................................................................................42 Chave para os gêneros da família Palinuridae......................................................43 Gênero Jasus.......................................................................................................45 Chave para as espécies do gênero Jasus.............................................................47 Jasus lalandii....................................................................................................48 Jasus tristani.....................................................................................................53 Gênero Justitia.....................................................................................................58 Justitia longimanus...........................................................................................59
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