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North Lake Samish Road Bridge No. 107 Replacement – Type, Size, & Location (TS&L) Study Report

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North Lake Samish Road Bridge No. 107 Replacement – Type, Size, & Location (TS&L) Study Report North Lake Samish Road Bridge No. 107 Replacement – Type, Size, & Location (TS&L) Study Report Prepared for: Whatcom County Public Works - Engineering August 2017 By: TranTech Engineering, LLC EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The existing North Lake Samish Road Bridge No. 107 is a five-span, 250’ long timber structure built in 1963. The bridge consists of wood glulam girders with timber piles and caps. This bridge provides access across the north end of Lake Samish and has an ADT of approximately 885. During the previous bridge inspection, there were areas of wood rot found in the tops of the girders. A new load rating required that the bridge be severely weight restricted, to the point that school buses and fire district vehicles could not use the bridge. To address the bridge’s deteriorated conditions, a temporary traffic modification is set in place that restricts the bridge center span to one lane. The County recently selected TranTech to prepare a final Type, Size, & Location (TS&L) report to investigate different viable bridge replacement alternatives and to recommend an alternative with the most desired attributes for advancement to full design. Based on input from the County, public outreach, and engineering activities associated with work elements described in this report, three viable bridge replacement alternatives were investigated. The studied alternatives are: Alternative 1 – Straight alignment with pre-stressed concrete girders Alternative 2A – Curved alignment with pre-stressed concrete girders Alternative 2B – Curved alignment with steel girders During three public outreach meetings, different aesthetic bridge components such as: look-out platforms, aesthetic fascia, and illumination were presented to the community and key stakeholders for consideration. The results presented in this report leads to the conclusion that Alternative 2A best meets the criteria set forth by Whatcom County. This alternative was chosen over Alternative 1 because it was the overwhelming public favorite option and possesses the ability to satisfy the minimum design speed at the south approach without extensive fill/encroachment into the lake. The latter reduces costs and permitting challenges. The design team’s recommendation is to advance Alternative 2A through final PS&E phase. i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction .....................................................................................................1 2. Type, Size, & Location (TS&L) Study ..........................................................2 2.1 Surveying & Mapping ..........................................................................2 2.2 Geotechnical Investigations ..................................................................3 2.3 Permitting & Cultural Resources ..........................................................4 2.4 Hydrology .............................................................................................4 2.5 Utility Coordination ..............................................................................5 2.6 Public Involvement ..............................................................................5 2.7 Roadway Design ...................................................................................7 2.8 Structural Design ..................................................................................8 2.9 Constructability and Cost Estimation ...................................................9 2.10 TS&L Alternatives Comparison ..........................................................10 3. Concluding Remarks and Recommendations .............................................11 Appendices A Survey Map B Geotechnical Investigations Memo C Environmental Permitting Memo D Cultural Resources Memo E Hydrology & Geomorphology Memo F Utility Coordination Memo G Public Involvement Memo H Roadway Alignment & Profile Preliminary Plans I Bridge Alternatives Plans J Bridge Alternatives Opinion of Cost ii 1. INTRODUCTION The existing North Lake Samish Road Bridge No. 107 is a five-span, 250’ long timber structure built in 1963. The bridge consists of wood glulam girders with timber piles and caps. This bridge provides access across the north end of Lake Samish and has an ADT of approximately 885. During the previous bridge inspection, there were areas of wood rot found in the tops of the girders. A new load rating required that the bridge be severely weight restricted, to the point that school buses and fire district vehicles could not use the bridge. To address the bridge’s deteriorated conditions, a temporary traffic modification is set in place that restricts the bridge center span to one lane. This measure was implemented in March of 2016 and allows school bus and fire department traffic to utilize the structure during development of a replacement bridge. The County has recently selected TranTech to prepare a final Type, Size, & Location (TS&L) report to investigate different viable bridge replacement alternatives and to recommend an alternative with the most desired attributes for advancement to full design. The TS&L Report includes the following components and meets the general format of Section 2.1.5 of the WSDOT Bridge Design Manual (BDM): A. Right-of-way/easement investigation, record of survey, site topographic survey and base map preparation B. Geotechnical investigation C. Hydrologic and hydraulic analysis and design D. Environmental permitting E. Traffic and transportation impact analysis F. Identification of approximately three preliminary replacement design options and preparation of supporting documentation and life cycle costs; G. Facilitation of community meetings, including: a. Preparation of artistic rendering exhibits for design options b. Presentation of design options c. Gathering and compiling public comment All the work abides to the current versions of the following codes; Whatcom County Development Standards, AASHTO LRFD, and the WSDOT Bridge Design Manual (BDM). 1 2. TYPE, SIZE & LOCATION (TS&L) STUDY In preparing this TS&L study report, many design team members in various engineering disciplines provided contributions to support this effort. In the following, a summary of these engineering activities is provided while detailed reports are provided as the appendices to this report. 2.1 SURVEYING & MAPPING This activity is performed by Wilson Engineering, Inc (Wilson) with results provided to TranTech’s team. A plan displaying the topo survey of the bridge site is presented in Appendix A. In preparing this topo map Wilson’s survey team performed the following activities: Setting/recovering durable survey control, proximate to the project site, fixed to the NAD83/11 WA State Plane (North Zone) Coordinate System, and the NAVD88 vertical datum, using local WSDOT control documentation and including descriptions on base map. The area limits of topographic survey is 650 linear feet centered on the existing bridge, along N. Lake Samish Drive, with a width of about 100 feet, again centered on the existing bridge. In general, the topo is developed in cross sections on 25 feet stationing and includes center line roadway, edges of pavement, edge of shoulders, top of banks, toe of banks, grade brakes ordinary high water, 100-year flood level, and lake bottom. The areas behind the existing abutments where new abutments are located are most critical locations and are the areas where the topography varies the most. The survey of this area is therefore denser. The Surveying includes all soil boring locations. Captured the existing bridge features including; bridge deck corners, guard rails, and abutments. Bathymetric survey is on a nominal 25’ o.c. stationing, extending the full width of the water surface. Data is gathered along a line at each side adjacent to the existing bridge Stationing layout will be from south to north as per existing plans. The survey includes locating utilities to the best practical manner and locating wetlands within project limits. All wetland flagging was provided by the County staff and then captured by the survey team. The character and extents of the existing rights-of-way have been captured, based upon available information of record as well as unrecorded documents and title reports provided to Wilson by Whatcom County Public Works, within the project limits. Survey team contacted the 1-800-LOCATE, no-cost utility-marking service, and captured the resulting utility marking indicators set by same. 2 2.2 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS This work element is performed by TranTech’s geotechnical engineering team member Aspect, Inc. A detailed technical memo on this topic is provided in Appendix B. Aspect coordinated and executed a geotechnical engineering investigation consisting of four geotechnical exploration borings along the bridge. The borings were drilled using a truck-mounted drill rig, employing the rotary wash method. Two of the borings were drilled on land at the north and south abutments, and two borings were advanced through 10- or 12-inch diameter core-holes in the bridge deck. To the maximum extent possible, the borings were located between or outside of the active wheel path. The rotary wash drilling method involves pumping a slurry of potable water and soil down a hollow drilling rod to a rotating drill bit, which together break up and loosen soil/weak bedrock. These “cuttings” are returned via the slurry to the surface, where the solids are screened out in a “mud-tub” and transferred into steel drums for offsite disposal (by Aspect’s drilling subcontractor). In the over-water
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