THE CRAB SHDER SUBGENUS 580 {E80} IN THE UNiTED STATES AND CANADA
‘E‘Aesis for the Degree of A1. 3. MECHEGAN STATE UNEVERSETY NORMAA ERA ALATNECK 1970 .441... ‘4.“ All 1 M; , LIBRAR :2" W V'H '{S‘s Michigan State University
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ABSTRACT
THE CRAB SPIDER SUBGENUS §1_3_9_ (£139) IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
By
Norman Ira Platnick
Species of the crab spider subgenus E22 (Ebo) are delimited on the basis of the structure of the external genitalia and accessory reproductive organs: the pedipalps of the male and the epigynum and spermathecae of the female. Coloration patterns also provide excellent diagnostic characters. A generic description and diagnosis, as well as discussions of the relationships between Ebo (Ebo) and Ebo (Titanebo)
and between Ebo and the other North American crab spider genera are provided. A key to species, species descriptions, illustrations of genitalic structures, and maps are given to facilitate identification.
Redescriptions are provided for Ebo (Ebo) latithorax Keyserling,
Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis Gertsch,and the male of Ebo (Ebo) merkeli Schick.
Four new species and the female of Ebo (Ebo) merkeli Schick are
described for the first time. Type specimens of the new species have been deposited in the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. THE CRAB SPIDER SUBGENUS EBO (EBO)
IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
By
Norman Ira Platnick
A THESIS
Submitted to
Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
Department of Zoology
1970 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to thank the following persons and institutions for the contributions they made to the work: the Department of Zoology at
Michigan State University for providing travel funds for an examination of type specimens; and Drs. H. W. Levi and J. A. L. Cooke, of the
Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University and the American
Museum of Natural History, New York City, respectively, for the hospitality afforded me while at those institutions.
The Museum of Comparative Zoology (Dr. H. W. Levi), the American
Museum of Natural History (Drs. J. A. L. Cooke, W. J. Gertsch, and the late Wilton Ivie), the University of Utah (Dr. T. F. Lorenz), Dr. J. A.
Beatty, P. R. Craig, Dr. C. D. Dondale, Dr. W. D. Fronk, Dr. W. B. Peck,
Dr. V. D. Roth, Dr. R. X. Schick, and Dr. B. R. Vogel either loaned or donated specimens; their assistance is greatfully acknowledged.
Finally, I would like to thank the members of my committee --
Dr. T. W. Porter, Dr. M. M. Hensley, Dr. R. L. Fischer, and especially
Dr. R. J. Sauer, without whose help this project would have neither been begun or finished.
ii TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .
METHODS . .
SYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS
KEY TO SPECIES .
SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS .
Ebo (Ebo) latithorax Keyserling . . . . .
Ebo (Ebo) iviei new species ......
Ebo (Ebo) evansae new species ...... 10
Ebo (Ebo) merkeli Schick ...... 12
Ebo (Ebo) contrastus new species . . . . 14
Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis Gertsch ...... 15
Ebo (Ebo) punctatus new Species . . . l7
SUMMARY . . . 18
BIBLIOGRAPHY . 19
iii LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Species View Page
Male Palps
1. Ebo (Ebo) latithorax ventral 20-21
2. Ebo (Ebo) latithorax retrolateral 20-21
3. Ebo (Ebo) iviei ventral 20-21
4. Ebo (Ebo) iviei retrolateral 20-21
5. Ebo (Ebo) evansae ventral 20-21
6. Ebo (Ebo) evansae retrolateral 20-21
7. Ebo (Ebo) merkeli ventral 20-21
8. Ebo (Ebo) merkeli retrolateral 20-21
9. Ebo (Ebo) contrastus ventral 20-21
10. Ebo (Ebo) contrastus retrolateral 20-21
11. Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis ventral 20-21
l2. Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis retrolateral 20-21
13. Ebo (Ebo) punctatus ventral 20-21
14. Ebo (Ebo) punctatus retrolateral 20-21
Female Spermathecae
15. Ebo (EbO) latithorax dorsal 20-21
16. Ebo (EbO) iviei dorsal 20-21
17. Ebo (EbO) evansae dorsal 20-21
18. Ebo (EbO) merkeli dorsal 20-21
iv Figure Species View Page
Female Spermathecae, cont.
19. Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis dorsal 20-21
20. Ebo (Ebo) punctatus dorsal 20-21
Distribution Maps
21. Ebo (Ebo) latithorax 22-23
22. Ebo (Ebo) iviei 24-25
Ebo (Ebo) contrastus
23. Ebo (Ebo) evansae 26-27
24. Ebo (Ebo) merkeli 28-29
25. Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis 30-31
Ebo (Ebo) punctatus
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this paper is to facilitate identification of spiders in the subgenus Ebg_(§bg) in the United States and Canada. To this end, keys, descriptions and illustrations have been provided, and descriptions have been limited to those aspects of morphology important in species delimitation.
METHODS
The criteria for species delimitation include the genitalia and accessory reproductive organs, particularly of the male; the majority of specimens can also be distinguished by characteristics of coloration.
Quantitative data on the body length, length and width of the cephalothorax, and length of the second femur are included. All measurements were made from a dorsal view with a standard ocular micrometer; structures were measured from one tip of sclerotization to the other. An attempt was made to measure twenty-five individuals of each sex for each species. If fewer than ten specimens were measured, only the range is given; if more, the mean and standard deviation.
Since there have never been any nomenclatural difficulties with the species described here, literature citations are restricted to the original descriptions and later papers clarifying the subgeneric position of species; more complete literature references can be obtained from Bonnet (1945-1961), Roewer (1942-1954), and Vogel (1967).
No literature records were used in the construction of the distribution maps or the locality citations unless they could be authenticated by a specimen.
Types of the new species have been deposited in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. Common anatomical terms used in the descriptions may be defined by reference to Kaston (1948) and Schick (1965).
SYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS
Ebo Keyserling, 1884
Ebo Keyserling, 1884, Verhandl. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. 33: 678. Type
species by monotypy Ebo latithorax Keyserling, 1884.
Titanebo Gertsch, 1933, Amer. Mus. Novitates 636: 10-11. Type species
by original designation Titanebo macyi Gertsch, 1933. Synonymy by
Schick, 1965, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 129: 73.
Cephalothorax: wider than long, flattened, narrowed anteriorly to approximately one-third its width; carapace orange-brown with lighter ocular and median areas and lateral dark markings or pale yellow with scattered dark circular spots or pale yellow without markings. Eyes: median ocular area slightly broader than long, wider posteriorly; anterior medians largest, others subequal in size; both rows slightly recurved; medians of both rows closer to laterals than to each other.
Abdomen: rounded or elongate, widest behind middle; pale yellow, typically with dark cardiac mark anteriorly at middorsal line and lateral dark stripes posteriorly, but often covered with irregular markings, with scattered dark circular spots, or without markings; venter pale yellow. Legs: I, III, and IV subequal in length, leg II approximately twice as long; light orange-brown, sometimes with one or more dark stripes on legs I, III, and IV, or with irregular dark fleckings.
GENITALIA: tibia of male palpus longer than wide, bearing one prolateral spine, a retrolateral apophysis (typically finely serrate or with two or more distinguishable teeth), and in Ebo (Titanebo) a
cusplike ventral apophysis; embolus flattened, basally arched, arising prolaterally, of variable length; outline of reservoir of receptaculum seminis visible through tegulum; epigynum unsclerotized with an indistinct medial atrium and bilateral rounded plates, openings in epigastric furrow; spermathecae slender to broad, smooth, usually close together, each with intromittent duct in Ebo (EBB) or elaborated intromittent division in Ebo (Titanebo), and, in Ebo (Ebo), a minute
unsclerotized fertilization tube connecting spermathecae and ducts.
DIAGNOSIS: Egg can be separated from all other Nearctic Thomisidae by the subequal length of legs I, III, and IV and the exceptionally long second pair of legs.
RELATIONSHIPS: Egg can be distinguished from the misumenoid genera by the similar lengths of legs I, III, and IV, and from the
Thanatini (Apollophanes, Thanatus, Tibellus, and related genera) by the
posterior eye row being only slightly recurved. Philodromus and
Rhysodromus are the genera which are most closely related to Ebo. In
addition to the leg length differences, Ebo can be separated from Philodromus by the posterior median eyes being closer to the posterior
laterals than to the anterior laterals, or these eyes being equidistant, and from most Philodromus and Rhysodromus by the anterior median eyes
being larger than the anterior laterals.
SUBGENERA: Two subgenera of Ebo have been recognized. The species in Ebo (Titanebo) are larger (males averaging approximately
4.0 mm, females 4.5 mm, in length) and have a clypeus which is higher than the distance between the anterior median eyes, dense scopulae on the tarsi, prolateral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I and II, and a ventral tibial apophysis on the male palpus. The species in gbg_(§bg) are smaller (males averaging approximately 2.2 mm, females 2.8 mm, in length), have a clypeus which is lower than the distance between the anterior median eyes, and lack dense scopulae on the tarsi, prolateral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I and II, and a ventral tibial apophysis on the male palpus.
KEY TO SPECIES1
l. Metatarsi I, III, and IV with at least one dark stripe the
entire length of the segment ...... 2 l'. Metatarsi I, III, and IV without a dark stripe the entire
length of the segment ...... 9
2. Males ...... 3
2 ' 0 Females O O O O O O I O O O O O O O O O O I O O O O O O O O I O 6
1 Females of g, contrastus are unknown. Spermathecae are highly variable; when identifying females, priority should be given to characteristics of coloration. For the purposes of this key, a stripe is defined as a narrow, distinct, dark, longitudinal line of cuticular coloration (not to be confused with a row of dark spines) that covers the entire length of a segment. Abdomen with at least some dark maculations ...... 4
3'. Abdomen without any dark maculations ...... 5
Palp segments with reddish-brown flecking; middle 100p of
reservoir far from descending loop (Figure l); retrolateral
tibial apophysis as in Figure 2 ...... latithorax Keyserling
4'. Palp segments with a middorsal reddish-brown stripe; middle loop
of reservoir nearer descending loop (Figure 3); retrolateral
tibial apophysis as in Figure 4 ...... 1312; new species
Patellae and tibiae I, III, and IV with one dark stripe; palp
segments immaculate; middle loop of reservoir touching descending
loop (Figure 7); retrolateral tibial apOphysis as in Figure 8 . .
...... merkeli Schick
5‘. Patellae and tibiae I, III, and IV with three dark stripes; palp
segments with three dark stripes; middle loop of reservoir close
to, but not touching descending loop (Figure 5); retrolateral
tibial apophysis as in Figure 6 ...... evansae new species
Abdomen without any dark maculations; patellae and tibiae with
three dark stripes; palp segments with three dark stripes;
spermathecae variable, but usually as in Figure 17 ......
...... evansae new species
Abdomen with at least some dark maculations; patellae and tibiae
with one dark stripe; palp segments with one dark stripe,
irregular flecking, or without markings; spermathecae not as in
Figure 17 ...... 7
Palp segments usually with reddish-brown flecking; spermathecae
wide (Figure 15) ...... latithorax Keyserling Palp segments with one dark stripe or without markings;
spermathecae not as in Figure 15 ...... 8
Palp segments with a middorsal stripe; sternum usually bordered
with brown; spermathecae as in Figure 16 . . . 3319i new species
Palp segments without markings; sternum without brown border;
spermathecae as in Figure 18 ...... merkeli Schick
Males ...... 10
Females ...... ll
10. Abdomen rounded; middle loop of reservoir near descending loop
(Figure 9) O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O contrastus new speCieS
10'. Abdomen elongated; middle loop of reservoir not near descending
loop (Figures 11 and 13) ...... ll
11. Carapace usually with dark network of reticulations; legs usually
flecked; embolus long (Figures 11 and 12); spermathecae as in
Figure 19; wide ranging ...... pepinensis Gertsch
11'. Carapace pale yellow with scattered dark circular markings; legs
pale yellow; embolus short (Figures 13 and 14); spermathecae as
in Figure 20; known only from the south central states
(Figure 25) ...... punctatus new species
SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS
Ebo (Ebo) latithorax Keyserling
(Figures 1, 2, 15, 21)
Ebo latithorax Keyserling, 1884, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. 33: 678.
MALE. Total length 2.27 i 0.14 mm; cephalothorax 1.07 i 0.08 mm long and 1.19 t 0.07 mm wide; femur II 1.99 r 0.20 mm long (24 specimens). Carapace orange-brown, front and ocular area pale yellow,
lateral areas with dark reddish-brown fleckings, often in a network of reticulations. Legs pale yellow with irregular reddish—brown
fleckings; all segments but tarsi of I, III, and IV with dorsal reddish-brown longitudinal stripe. Dorsum of abdomen covered with reddish-brown fleckings, cardiac mark and posterior chevron pattern vaguely discernible; venter pale yellow.
Palpal femur, patella, and tibia flecked with red; retrolateral apophysis arrow-shaped (Figure 2). Middle loop of reservoir far from descending loop; embolus short and thin (Figure 1).
FEMALE. Total length 2.82 r 0.25 mm; cephalothorax 1.11 r 0.10 mm
long and 1.31 i 0.09 mm wide; Femur II 2.00 t 0.18 mm long (25
specimens). Coloration as in male; palp with up to three segments
flecked irregularly with red, rarely without markings.
Epigynum typical for the genus. Spermathecal width approximately
three times that of ducts; receptacles very narrowly separated (Figure
15).
TYPE. Holotype female from Richmond, Virginia was deposited in
the Marx collection (currently housed at the American Museum of Natural
History, New York City), but is not presently with that collection; presumed lost.
LOCALITIES. Arkansas: Sumpter, Bradley Co. Connecticut: Monroe,
Norwalk, Fairfield Co.; Mt. Carmel, New Haven Co. District gf Columbia:
Washington Georgia: Savannah, Chatham Co. Illinois: Carbondale,
Jackson Co. Massachusetts: Chatham, Barnstable Co.; Medford, Pepperell, Middlesex Co.; Franklin Park, Norfolk Co. Michigan: Niles,
Berrien Co.; Albion, Calhoun Co.; Ypsilanti, Washtenaw Co. Missouri:
Columbia, Boone Co.; Warrensburg, Johnson Co.; Rolla, Phelps Co.
Nebraska: Grand Island, Hall Co.; Lincoln, Lancaster Co. New Jersey:
Closter, Ramsey, Bergen Co.; Jamesburg, Middlesex Co.; Bass River State
Forest, Lakehurst, Ocean Co. Ngw_zg£k: Crow Hill, Onondaga Co.; Cold
Spring Harbor, Putnam Co.; Staten Island, Richmond Co.; Greenport,
Orient Beach, Southhold, Long Island, Suffolk Co.; Ithaca, Tompkins Co.
North Carolina: Durham, Durham Co. Pennsylvania: Rector, Westmoreland
Co. Rhode Island: Providence, Providence Co. South Carolina:
Greenville, Greenville Co. Tgxag: Sherman, Grayson Co.; Houston,
Harris Co.
RANGE. New England to Georgia, west to Texas and Nebraska
(Figure 21).
COMMENTS AND DIAGNOSIS. Ebo (Ebo) latithorax is most similar to
. 12333 new species. Although specimens from the western range of lm ‘E. 11321 show a distinctive abdominal pattern, in the eastern area of
sympatry with E, latithorax the coloration is almost identical. Males
can readily be distinguished by the differences in the retrolateral
tibial ap0physis (compare Figures 2 and 4). Females are more difficult
to separate; the best characteristic is the relative width of the
spermathecae (compare Figures 15 and 16).
Mature males of E. latithorax have been collected from mid March
through late June; mature females from mid April through mid August.
Specimens have been obtained by sifting, from pitfall traps in fields
and at field-forest junctions, under logs and in leaves in both
coniferous and deciduous forests, and in houses. Ebo (Ebo) iviei new species
(Figures 3, 4, 16, 22)
MALE. Total length 2.04 i 0.14 mm; cephalothorax 0.94 t 0.06 mm long and 1.06 t 0.08 mm wide; femur II 1.70 t 0.11 mm long (12 specimens). Carapace pale yellow, lateral areas with margins and network of reticulations reddish-brown, median area bordered with reddish-brown. Legs pale yellow with irregular reddish-brown fleckings; patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and sometimes femora I, III, and
IV with dark dorsal longitudinal stripe. Dorsum of abdomen pale yellow with cardiac mark and two pairs of lateral spots in brown in western specimens, sometimes covered with reddish-brown fleckings in eastern specimens; venter pale yellow.
Palpal femur, patella, and tibia with reddish-brown fleckings; at least patella with dark dorsal longitudinal stripe; retrolateral apOphysis sharply pointed (Figure 4). Middle loop of reservoir far from descending loop; embolus short and thickened (Figure 3).
FEMALE. Total length 2.78 t 0.42 mm; cephalothorax 1.05 t 0.07 mm long and 1.20 t 0.10 mm wide; femur II 1.76 t 0.16 mm long (20 specimens). Coloration as in male; palp segments with reddish-brown fleckings, usually at least femur with a dark dorsal longitudinal stripe.
Epigynum typical for the genus. Spermathecal width less than twice that of ducts; receptacles widely separated, at least at base
(Figure 16).
TYPES. Holotype male and allotype female from Utah (five miles west of Salt Lake City Airport, W112°5':N40°50', May 1938, Wilton Ivie) 10
deposited in the American Museum of Natural History, New York City.
Four paratype males from the type locality, same date.
LOCALITIES. Connecticut: New Canaan, Norwalk, Fairfield Co.;
Portland, Middlesex Co.; Seymour, New Haven Co. Idaho: Fruitland,
Payette, Payette Co. Massachusetts: Wellfleet, Barnstable Co.;
Holliston, Middlesex Co. Michigan: Albion, Calhoun Co.; Bath, Clinton
Co. New Jersey: Ramsey, Bergen Co. New York: Lake Sebago Interstate
Park North Dakota: Bottineau Co. Oregon: Ontario, Malheur Co.
Utah: Salt Lake City, Salt Lake Co. Canada: Alberta: Fawcett.
RANGE. New England to Oregon, south to Utah and north to Alberta
(Figure 22).
COMMENTS. Ebo (Ebo) iviei is most similar to E. latithorax
Keyserling, but may be distinguished by the characters discussed under
the latter species. Mature males of E, iyigi have been collected from
late April through early June; mature females from late April through
late August. Specimens have been taken in marshes and by pitfall traps
in other moist areas.
The species is named in honor of the late Wilton Ivie, who
collected the series from Utah and first recognized the species as new.
Ebo (Ebo) evansae new Species
(Figures 5, 6, 17, 23)
MALE. Total length 2.15 t 0.23 mm; cephalothorax 0.98 t 0.07 mm
long and 1.14 i 0.07 mm wide; femur II 1.94 t 0.11 mm long (13
specimens). Carapace pale yellow with thin reddish-brown stripe 11
between median eyes. Legs pale yellow, usually with prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral dark longitudinal stripes on femora, patellae, and tibiae and with dorsal stripe alone on metatarsi and tarsi.
Abdomen pale white with no markings.
Palpal femur, patella, and tibia usually with prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral stripes, dorsal stripe always present; retrolateral apophysis notched anterioventrally (Figure 6). Middle loop of reservoir close to, but not touching, descending loop; embolus long
(Figure 5).
FEMALE. Total length 2.86 i 0.28 mm; cephalothorax 1.15 t 0.11 mm long and 1.33 t 0.10 mm wide; femur II 2.06 t 0.20 mm long (25 specimens). Coloration of body and palp as in male.
Epigynum typical for the genus. Spermathecal width approximately twice that of ducts; receptacles widely separated, at least at base
(Figure 17).
TYPES. Holotype male and allotype female from Utah (Dry Canyon,
Salt Lake City, Wlll°50':N40°46', 1 May 1940, Wilton Ivie) deposited in the American Museum of Natural History, New York City.
LOCALITIES. Arizona: Phoenix, Maricopa Co.; Santa Rita Mountains,
Santa Cruz Co. California: Santa Monica, Los Angelos Co.; Laguna
Beach, Orange Co.; Little Peco Creek, San Luis Obispo Co. Colorado:
Colorado Springs, El Paso Co. ldghg: Mesa, Adams Co. Oklahoma:
Sapulpa, Creek Co.; Milburn, Johnston Co.; McLain Co.; Stillwater,
Payne Co. Oregon: Ontario, Malheur Co.; Umatilla, Umatilla Co. Tgxagz
Big Bend National Park, Brewster Co. HEEE‘ Logan, Cache Co.; Butler- ville, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake Co. Wyoming: Riverton, Fremont Co.
Mexico: Jalisco: Mazamitla; Rio Frio. 12
RANGE. Oregon to California, east to Oklahoma and south to
Mexico (Figure 23).
COMMENTS AND DIAGNOSIS. Ebo (Ebo) evansae is most closely related
to E, merkeli Schick, but may be easily distinguished by the presence
of three longitudinal stripes, rather than one, on the legs. Also, the
females of E, merkeli have scattered dark circular markings on the
carapace and abdomen, while E, evansae females lack these markings.
Males can be separated by the distance between the descending and middle loop of the reservoir: in E, evansae they are close but not
touching; in E, merkeli they overlap.
Mature males 0f.§- evansae have been collected from early April
through early November; mature females from mid April through mid
January. Specimens have been obtained under dry prairie grass and
trash at elevations up to 9700 feet, as well as in ant mounds and
houses.
The species is named in honor of Mrs. Dana Evans, Dept. of Biology,
Concord College, Athens, W. Va.
Ebo (Ebo) merkeli Schick
(Figures 7, 8, 18, 24)
Ebo (Ebo) merkeli Schick, 1965, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 129: 86.
MALE. Total length l.88—2.06 mm; cephalothorax 0.75-0.89 mm long
and 0.87-1.09 mm wide; femur II 1.88-2.18 mm long (2 specimens).
Carapace pale yellow, without markings. Legs pale yellow with dark
dorsal longitudinal stripe on patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi I, III,
and IV. Abdomen pale white, with no markings. 13
Palp segments pale yellow with no markings; retrolateral tibial apophysis with sharp ventral point (Figure 8). Middle loop of reservoir touching descending loop; embolus short, thickened (Figure 7).
FEMALE. Total length 2.05-2.74 mm; cephalothorax 0.89-1.09 mm long and 1.00-1.22 mm wide; femure II 1.92-2.72 mm long (5 specimens).
Coloration as in male, except that carapace and dorsum of abdomen have scattered dark circular markings.
Epigynum typical for the genus. Spermathecal width less than twice that of ducts (Figure 18).
TYPE. Holotype male from California (Borrego Valley, San Diego
County, 12 October 1957, D. E. Merkel) is in the American Museum of
Natural History, New York City.
LOCALITIES. Arizona: Silver Creek, Cochise Co.; Littlefield,
Mohave Co.; Yuma, Yuma Co. California: Yosemite National Park,
Mariposa Co.; Borrego Valley, San Diego Co. Texas: Del Rio, Val Verdy
Co. Utah: Salt Lake City, Salt Lake Co.
RANGE. California and Utah east to Texas (Figure 24).
COMMENTS. Ebo (Ebo) merkeli is most similar to E. evansae new
species, but may be distinguished by the characters discussed under the latter species. It is important to note that females of E, merkeli have never been taken with males and that those females here assigned to the species (the records from Texas, Arizona, and southern
California) may actually represent a different species. In view, however, of their zoogeographical relationship and extremely close morphology, it seems best to unite them until further information is obtainable. 14
Mature males of E, merkeli have been taken in July and October; mature females from February through August. Specimens have been taken in damp grass, gardens, and houses.
Ebo (Ebo) contrastus new species
(Figures 9, 10, 22)
MALE. Total length 1.72-2.16 mm; cephalothorax 0.78-0.94 mm long and 1.01-1.10 mm wide; femur II 1.65-2.22 mm long (5 specimens).
Carapace pale yellow with dark anterolateral spots, posterolateral stripes, and network of reticulations. Legs pale yellow with dark dorsal spots distally on femora, proximally on tibiae and metatarsi; patellae and tibiae (but not metatarsi) with dark middorsal stripes.
Dorsum of abdomen pale yellow with dusky anterolateral corners, cardiac mark, and lateral margins; middorsum with row of white spots; posterior with indistinct chevron pattern; venter pale yellow.
Palp segments pale yellow with dark dorsal spot on tibia distally; retrolateral apophysis small, unmodified (Figure 10). Middle loop of reservoir close to, but not touching descending loop; embolus long
(Figure 9).
FEMALE. Unknown (see below).
TYPE. Holotype male from Florida (Tall Timbers Research Station,
Leon County, 23-31 July 1968, E. V. Komarek) deposited in the American
Museum of Natural History, New York City. Four paratype males from the type locality but with the following dates: 16-23 July, 1968; 1-6 Aug.,
1968 (2 specimens); 16-21 Aug., 1968.
LOCALITIES. Known only from the type locality (see below). 15
RANGE. Florida (Figure 22).
COMMENTS AND DIAGNOSIS. Ebo (Ebo) contrastus resembles the
previously discussed species in body shape but agrees with the more
elongate E, pepinensis Gertsch and E. punctatus new species in lacking
a metatarsal stripe the length of the segment. A female from Edinburg,
Texas, may possibly represent the female of this species, but until
larger population samples of both sexes are collected from intervening
ranges it seems best to leave the female undescribed.
Mature males of E. contrastus have been taken in July and August,
by vacuum.
Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis Gertsch
(Figures 11, 12, 19, 25)
Ebo pepinensis Gertsch, 1933, Amer. MUS. Nov. 637: l.
Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis Gertsch, Schick, 1965, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.
129: 84.
MALE. Total length 2.52 i 0.28 mm; cephalothorax 1.08 t 0.13 mm
long and 1.25 t 0.13 mm wide; femur II 2.41 r 0.30 mm long (25
Specimens). Carapace orange-brown with dark fleckings, sometimes with
thin pale stripe at border. Legs with irregular reddish-brown
fleckings. Abdominal coloration variable, ranging from pale white to
grey, usually with darker cardiac mark and posterolateral stripes.
Palpal femur, patella, and tibia irregularly flecked, retrolateral
apophysis blunt, wide, and finely serrate (Figure 12). Middle loop of
reservoir far from descending loop; embolus long (Figure 11). l6
FEMALE. Total length 4.17 i 0.68 mm; cephalothorax 1.29 t 0.12 mm long and 1.51 r 0.16 mm wide; femur II 2.47 i 0.25 mm long (25 specimens). Coloration as in male.
Epigynum typical for the genus. Spermathecae as in Figure 19 and heavily sclerotized.
TYPES. Holotype and paratype males from Minnesota (Wacouta Beach,
Lake Pepin, Wabasha County, 15 May 1932, W. J. Gertsch) are in the
American Museum of Natural History, New York City. Additional paratype males are in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University.
LOCALITIES. California: Richmond, Contra Costa Co.; Fresno,
Fresno Co.; Owens Lake, Inyo Co.; Benton, Mono Co.; Laguna Beach,
Orange Co.; Lake Tahoe, Placer Co.; Julian, Oceanside, San Diego Co.;
Pismo Beach, San Luis Obispo Co.; Carpenteria, Santa Barbara, Santa
Maria, Santa Barbara Co.; McArthur, Shasta Co.; Suisan City, Solano Co.;
Mt. Whitney, Tulare Co.; Oxnard Beach, Ventura Co.; Davis, Yolo Co.;
San Nicholas Island Colorado: Rocky Mountain National Park, Grand
Park Co.; Gothic, Gunnison Co.; Grand Junction, Mesa Co.; Loveland Pass,
Summit Co. EEQEQ: Notus, Canyon Co.; Burley, Cassia Co.; Fruitland,
Payette Co.; Weiser, Washington Co. Illinois: Waukegan, Lake Co.
Kansas: Wellington, Sumner Co. Michigan: Whitefish Point, Chippewa
Co.; Marquette, Marquette Co. Minnesota: Lake Pepin, Wabasha Co.;
Stillwater, Washington Co. Montana: Glacier National Park, Lewis Co.
Nevada: Lovelock, Pershing Co. Oregon: Mann's Lake, Harney Co. llg§g§: Texline, Dallam Co.; Buffalo Lakes, Lubbock Co.; Novarro Co.;
Amarillo, Potter Co. .HEEEF Price, Carbon Co.; Greenriver, Huntington,
San Rafael River, Emery Co.; Escalante, Garfield Co.; Moab, Grand Co.;
Kanab, Kane Co.; Saltair, Salt Lake City, Salt Lake Co.; Park City,
Summit Co.; Utah Lake, Utah Co. Washington: Olympia, Thurston Co.
17
wyoming: Laramie, Albany Co.; Greybull, Big Horn Co.; Rock Springs,
Sweetwater Co. Canada: Alberta: Elkwater; British Columbia:
Vancouver Island; Ontario: Batchewana; Saskatchewan: Regina.
RANGE. Throughout the midwest and west (Figure 25).
COMMENTS AND DIAGNOSIS. Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis is most similar to
E, punctatus new Species, but can be distinguished by coloration
(E. punctatus has dark circular markings much like those of E, merkeli
Schick, while E. pepinensis lacks these markings) and by the genitalic differences mentioned in the key. E, pepinensis and E, punctatus share
an elongated abdominal Shape which separates them from all other
Species of the subgenus in our area.
Mature males of E, pepinensis have been collected from early
April through mid November; mature females from early March through
late September. Specimens have been obtained from pitfall traps, in
grass, and under debris in fields and rangelands at elevations up to 12,500 feet.
Ebo (Ebo) punctatus new Species
(Figures 13, 14, 20, 25)
MALE. Total length 2.08-2.22 mm; cephalothorax 0.96-1.07 mm long
and 1.04-1.24 mm wide; femur II 2.24-2.80 mm long (4 specimens).
Carapace pale yellow with randomly scattered dark circular markings.
Legs pale yellow. Abdomen pale yellow with randomly scattered dark
circular markings on dorsum.
Palpal segments pale yellow. Retrolateral tibial apophysis blunt,
wide, and finely serrate (Figure 14). Middle loop of reservoir far
from descending loop; embolus short (Figure 13). l8
FEMALE. Total length 3.10-4.56 mm; cephalothorax 1.22-1.45 mm long and 1.40-1.60 mm wide; femur II 2.59-2.99 mm long (5 specimens).
Coloration as in male, except that legs may bear fleckings and cardiac mark may be present on abdomen.
Epigynum typical for the genus. Spermathecae as in Figure 20 and lightly sclerotized.
TYPES. Holotype male and allotype female from Oklahoma
(Stillwater, Payne County, no date, C. Bailey) deposited in the
American Museum of Natural History, New York City.
LOCALITIES. Arkansas: Washington Co. Kansas: Kingman, Kingman
Co. New Mexico: Carlsbad Caverns, Eddy Co. Oklahoma: Stillwater,
Payne Co. Texas: Dallas, Dallas Co.; Sherman, Grayson Co.; Waco,
McLennan Co.; Sinton, San Patricio Co.
RANGE. South central states (Figure 25).
COMMENTS. Ebo (Ebo) punctatus is most Similar to E. pepinensis
Gertsch, but may be distinguished from it by the characters discussed under the latter Species. Mature males have been collected from late
May through mid September; mature females from mid May through mid
October. Specimens have been taken in alfalfa and sorghum fields, at the edge of forests, and from a bat chamber in the Carlsbad Caverns.
SUMMARY
There are seven Species belonging to the subgenus E22.(EEQ) in the
United States and Canada, four of which are herein described as new; the female of a fifth is described for the first time. These species can be distinguished by their external genitalia and accessory reproductive organs and by their coloration. 19
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bonnet, P. 1945-1961. Bibliographia Araneorum I-III. Toulouse. 832 pp. (I); 5058 pp. (II); 591 pp. (III).
Kaston, B. J. 1948. Spiders of Connecticut. Bull. Conn. Geol. Nat. Hist. Survey 70:1-874.
Roewer, C. 1942-1954. Katalog der Araneae I-II. Bremen. 1040 pp. (1); 1751 pp. (II).
Schick, R. X. 1965. Crab spiders of California (Araneida, Thomisidae). Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 129:1-180.
Vogel, B. R. 1967. A list of new North American Spiders 1940-1966. Mem. Ag, Ent. Soc. 23:1-167. Figure Species View
Male Palps
1. Ebo (Ebo) latithorax ventral
2. Ebo (EbO) latithorax retrolateral
Ebo (EbO) iviei ventral
Ebo (Ebo) iviei retrolateral
Ebo (E130) evansae ventral
Ebo (Ebo) evansae retrolateral
Ebo (Ebo) merkeli ventral
Ebo (Ebo) merkeli retrolateral
Ebo (EbO) contrastus ventral
10. Ebo (Ebo) contrastus retrolateral
11. Ebo (EbO) pepinensis ventral
12. Ebo (E130) pepinensis retrolateral
13. Ebo (EbO) punctatus ventral
14. Ebo (Ebo) punctatus retrolateral
Female Spermathecae
15. Ebo (Ebo) latithorax dorsal
16. Ebo (Ebo) iviei dorsal
17. Ebo (E130) evansae dorsal
18. Ebo (E130) merkeli dorsal
19. Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis dorsal
20. Ebo (Ebo) punctatus dorsal
22
Figure 21.
DISTRIBUTION MAP
. Ebo (Ebo) latithorax Keyserling
23
9 A ' Figure 21.
x“- /
O
- O
O O
24
Figure 22.
DISTRIBUTION MAP
. Ebo (Ebo) iviei new species
‘ Ebo (Ebo) contrastus new species
25
26
Figure 23 .
DISTRIBUTION MAP
. Ebo (Ebo) evansae new species
28
Figure 24.
DISTRIBUTION MAP
. Ebo (Ebo) merkeli Schick
30
Figure 25 .
DISTRIBUTION MAP
. Ebo (Ebo) pepinensis Gertsch
‘ Ebo (Ebo) punctatus new species
31
Figure 25.
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