The Boreal Forests of Scotland
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Roots for Further Growth
ROOTS FOR AN ECONOMIC STRATEGY FOR SCOTLAND’S FURTHER FOREST & TIMBER TECHNOLOGIES SECTOR TO GROWTH 2030. GROWING SCOTLAND’S WOOD-BASED BIOECONOMY THROUGH INVESTMENT & INNOVATION ROOTS FOR FURTHER GROWTH GROWING SCOTLAND’S WOOD-BASED BIOECONOMY THROUGH INVESTMENT & INNOVATION 01 03 Foreword 05 Executive Summary 07 1. Introduction 11 2. What We Have Achieved So Far. 14 3. Our Vision 21 4. Strategic Priorities 23 Maximising the Economic Outputs of Scotland’s Forest & Fibre Resource 26 Improving the Safety & Efficiency of the Wood Fibre Supply Chain 27 Expanding Our Markets & Adding Value 31 Developing a Workforce with Skills for the Future 32 Understanding and Communicating the Forest & Wood-based Industries Contribution to Scotland’s Economy 33 5. Action Plan for 2019-2021 02 FOREWORD I am delighted to endorse “Roots for Further Growth”, This sector has invested heavily over the last 10 years an ambitious and forward thinking strategy for inclusive to achieve world class wood processing facilities and economic growth in Scotland’s Forest and Timber has created additional jobs in response to forecasts of Technologies sector. increased wood fibre availability until 2030. The Scottish Government has a current annual target of 10,000 ha This is a sector that spans from tree nurseries, growing of new woodland which is set to increase in stages to productive sustainably managed forests, forest tourism, 15,000 ha a year by 2024-2025. This will not only increase timber harvesting, transport, downstream wood sequestered carbon but provide the sector with additional processing, primary manufacturing and woody biomass wood fibre feedstock for further growth beyond 2030. -
Scots Pine Forest
Teacher information 1: The Scots Pine Forest What are native Caledonian pine forests? Native Caledonian pine forest contain Scots pine and a range of other trees, including junipers, birches, willows, and rowan and, in some areas, aspens. Many of the oldest trees in Scotland are found in native pinewoods. As the largest and longest lived tree in the Caledonian forest the Scots pine is a keystone species in the ecosystem, forming the backbone of which many other species depend. Scots pine trees over 200 years old are known as 'grannies', but they are young compared to one veteran pine in a remote part of Glen Loyne that was found to be over 550 years old. Native Caledonian pinewoods are more than just trees. They are home to a wide range of species that are found in similar habitat in Scandinavia and other parts of northern Europe and Russia. Despite this wide distribution, the Scots pine forests in Scotland are unique and distinct from those elsewhere because of the absence of any other native conifers. Native pinewoods have also provided a wide range of products that were used in everyday life in rural Scotland. Timber was used to build houses; berries, fungi and animals living in the pinewood provided food; and fir-candles were cut from the heart of old trees to provide early lighting. More recently, native pinewoods provided timber during the First and Second World Wars when imports to Britain were interrupted. How much native Caledonian pinewood is there in Britain? After the last Ice Age, Scotland’s ‘rainforest’ covered thousands of square kilometres in the Scottish Highlands. -
Woodland Trust – Russ Jobson
Woodland Trust Scotland Who we are and what we do 1 The Woodland Trust The UK's largest woodland conservation charity We've over 500,000 members and supporters and more than 1,000 sites, covering over 26,000 hectares, UK wide. We protect and campaign on behalf of this country’s woods, plant trees, and restore ancient woodland for the benefit of wildlife and people. Our vision is a UK rich in native woods and trees, for people and wildlife. A UK rich in native woods and trees, for people and wildlife Protect woodland - fighting to protect native woodland especially irreplaceable ancient woodland, which is under threat from tree diseases, climate change and development, believing that there should be no further loss of ancient woodland for any reason. Restore woodland - leading the restoration of ancient woodland and the re-creation of native wooded landscapes, believing that all damaged ancient woodland should be restored. Create woodland - championing the need for native woodland expansion to double the area of native woodland we have now. Native Woodland Creation Woodland Cover Forest Research estimates area of woodland in the UK on 31 March 2019 is: 3.19 million ha - 13% of the total land area in the UK, Of this 1, 457, 000ha (46%) is in Scotland. Equates 1, 072, 000ha (73.5%) conifer 385, 000ha (26.5%) broadleaves. *The Native Woodland Survey of Scotland estimated that there was 311,153ha of native woodland This equated to 22.5% of the total woodland area or 4.0% of the land area of Scotland. -
Scotland's Forestry Strategy 2019
Scotland’s Forestry Strategy 2019 - 29 Strategic Environmental Assessment Environmental Report September 2018 Report prepared by: Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 13 1.1 Purpose of this Environmental Report ...................................................... 13 1.2 SEA activities to date ................................................................................ 13 2 The Forestry Strategy 2019-29 context and overview ............................... 15 2.1 Main policy principles / common themes................................................... 15 2.2 Forestry and Land Management (Scotland) Act (2018) ............................ 16 2.3 Outline and objectives of the Forestry Strategy 2019-29 .......................... 16 2.4 Sustainable Forest Management .............................................................. 18 2.5 The UK Forestry Standard – the benchmark for sustainable practice ....... 18 2.6 The Wider Regulatory Framework ............................................................ 19 2.7 Relationship with other relevant plans, programmes and strategies (PPS) ........................................................................................................ 21 3 Environmental baseline ............................................................................. 23 3.2 Environmental issues relevant to the strategy ........................................... 27 3.3 Likely evolution of the environment without implementation -
Nennius' Historia Brittonum
Nennius’ ‘Historia Brittonum’ Translated by Rev. W. Gunn & J. A. Giles For convenience, this text has been assembled and composed into this PDF document by Camelot On-line. Please visit us on-line at: http://www.heroofcamelot.com/ The Historia Brittonum Table of Contents Acknowledgements....................................................................................................................................4 Preface........................................................................................................................................................5 I. THE PROLOGUE..................................................................................................................................6 1.............................................................................................................................................................6 2.............................................................................................................................................................7 II. THE APOLOGY OF NENNIUS...........................................................................................................7 3.............................................................................................................................................................7 III. THE HISTORY ...................................................................................................................................8 4,5..........................................................................................................................................................8 -
Economic and Ethnic Uses of Bryophytes
Economic and Ethnic Uses of Bryophytes Janice M. Glime Introduction Several attempts have been made to persuade geologists to use bryophytes for mineral prospecting. A general lack of commercial value, small size, and R. R. Brooks (1972) recommended bryophytes as guides inconspicuous place in the ecosystem have made the to mineralization, and D. C. Smith (1976) subsequently bryophytes appear to be of no use to most people. found good correlation between metal distribution in However, Stone Age people living in what is now mosses and that of stream sediments. Smith felt that Germany once collected the moss Neckera crispa bryophytes could solve three difficulties that are often (G. Grosse-Brauckmann 1979). Other scattered bits of associated with stream sediment sampling: shortage of evidence suggest a variety of uses by various cultures sediments, shortage of water for wet sieving, and shortage around the world (J. M. Glime and D. Saxena 1991). of time for adequate sampling of areas with difficult Now, contemporary plant scientists are considering access. By using bryophytes as mineral concentrators, bryophytes as sources of genes for modifying crop plants samples from numerous small streams in an area could to withstand the physiological stresses of the modern be pooled to provide sufficient material for analysis. world. This is ironic since numerous secondary compounds Subsequently, H. T. Shacklette (1984) suggested using make bryophytes unpalatable to most discriminating tastes, bryophytes for aquatic prospecting. With the exception and their nutritional value is questionable. of copper mosses (K. G. Limpricht [1885–]1890–1903, vol. 3), there is little evidence of there being good species to serve as indicators for specific minerals. -
STANDARD DATA FORM for Sites Within the ‘UK National Site Network of European Sites’
STANDARD DATA FORM for sites within the ‘UK national site network of European sites’ Special Protection Areas (SPAs) are classified and Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) are designated under: • the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 (as amended) in England and Wales (including the adjacent territorial sea) and to a limited extent in Scotland (reserved matters) and Northern Ireland (excepted matters); • the Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations 1994 (as amended) in Scotland; • the Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1995 (as amended) in Northern Ireland; and • the Conservation of Offshore Marine Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 (as amended) in the UK offshore area. Each SAC or SPA (forming part of the UK national site network of European sites) has its own Standard Data Form containing site-specific information. The information provided here generally follows the same documenting format for SACs and SPAs, as set out in the Official Journal of the European Union recording the Commission Implementing Decision of 11 July 2011 (2011/484/EU). Please note that these forms contain a number of codes, all of which are explained either within the data forms themselves or in the end notes. More general information on SPAs and SACs in the UK is available from the SPA homepage and SAC homepage on the JNCC website. These webpages also provide links to Standard Data Forms for all SAC and SPA sites in the UK. https://jncc.gov.uk/ 1 NATURA 2000 - STANDARD DATA FORM For Special Protection Areas (SPA), Proposed Sites for Community Importance (pSCI), Sites of Community Importance (SCI) and for Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) SITE UK9006011 SITENAME Lindisfarne TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. -
Forest Research Annual Report and Accounts 2007-2008
Annual Report and Accounts 2007–2008 The Research Agency HC 717 of the Forestry Commission Forest Research Annual Report and Accounts 2007–2008 Together with the Comptroller and Auditor General’s Report on the Accounts Presented to Parliament in pursuance of Section 45 of the Forestry Act 1967 and Section 5 of the Exchequer and Audit Departments Act 1921 Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 17 July 2008 Edinburgh: The Stationery Office HC 717 £18.55 The Research Agency of the Forestry Commission Annual Report and Accounts 2007–2008 Forest Research | 1 Enquiries relating to this publication should be addressed to: Forest Research Alice Holt Lodge Farnham Surrey GU10 4LH T: 01420 22255 E: [email protected] Contact this address if you would like to request this document in large print or other format and for information on language translations. © Crown Copyright 2008 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and other departmental or agency logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. For any other use of this material please write to Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU or e-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978 010295211 7 2 | Forest Research Annual Report and Accounts 2007–2008 Contents Chief Executive’s Introduction . -
The Story of Abernethy National Nature Reserve
Scotland’s National Nature Reserves For more information about Abernethy - Dell Woods National Nature Reserve please contact: East Highland Reserves Manager, Scottish Natural Heritage, Achantoul, Aviemore, Inverness-shire, PH22 1QD Tel: 01479 810477 Fax: 01479 811363 Email: [email protected] The Story of Abernethy- Dell Woods National Nature Reserve The Story of Abernethy - Dell Woods National Nature Reserve Foreword Abernethy National Nature Reserve (NNR) lies on the southern fringes of the village of Nethybridge, in the Cairngorms National Park. It covers most of Abernethy Forest, a remnant of an ancient Scots pine forest that once covered much of the Scottish Highlands and extends high into the Cairngorm Mountains. The pines we see here today are the descendants of the first pines to arrive in the area 8,800 years ago, after the last ice age. These forests are ideal habitat for a vast number of plant and animal species, some of which only live within Scotland and rely upon the Caledonian forests for their survival. The forest of Abernethy NNR is home to some of the most charismatic mammals and birds of Scotland including pine marten, red squirrel, capercaillie, osprey, Scottish crossbill and crested tit. It is also host to an array of flowers characteristic of native pinewoods, including twinflower, intermediate wintergreen and creeping lady’s tresses. Scotland’s NNRs are special places for nature, where many of the best examples of Scotland’s wildlife are protected. Whilst nature always comes first on NNRs, they also offer special opportunities for people to enjoy and find out about the richness of our natural heritage. -
8 Aberdeenshire Forestry and Woodland Strategy
ABERDEENSHIRE FORESTRY AND WOODLAND STRATEGY APRIL 2017 Page Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………. 2 Part 1: Introducing the Strategy……………………………………………………. 3 Why does Aberdeenshire need a Forestry and Woodland Strategy?................ 3 What status does the Aberdeenshire Forestry and Woodland Strategy hold?.................................................................................................................. 3 What approach does the Aberdeenshire Forestry and Woodland Strategy take?................................................................................................... 5 Part 2: Forestry and Woodlands in Aberdeenshire………………………………. 6 Part 3: Key policies and processes that have influenced the Strategy………... 8 Part 4: Themes - issues and opportunities……………………………………….. 9 Theme 1: Climate Change and Tree Health……………………………………… 10 Theme 2: Timber and Business Development…………………………………… 12 Theme 3: Communities, Development, Access and Health…………………….. 14 Theme 4: Environment, Landscape and Historic Assets………………………... 16 Part 5: Mapping of preferred areas for new woodland creation………………… 18 Part 6: Taking action………………………………………………………………… 20 Appendix 1: Further Information on the Mapping of Preferred Areas for New Woodland Creation……………………………………………………………. 21 – 1 – Executive Summary The Aberdeenshire Forestry and Woodland Strategy 2017 (‘the Strategy’) is one of a series of Supplementary Guidance documents prepared to support the Aberdeenshire Local Development Plan 2017. It provides further information on the relevant -
The Caledonian Forest!
Native Forest in the Highlands ! - the Caledonian Forest! Alan Watson Featherstone" Executive Director, Trees for Life" Forestry in the Highlands Conference What is (or was) the Caledonian Forest?! Forestry in the Highlands Conference What is (or was) the Caledonian Forest?! A massive expanse of dense pinewood…? Forestry in the Highlands Conference What is (or was) the Caledonian Forest?! …of which only a few scattered derelict remnants survive? Forestry in the Highlands Conference Changing perspectives on the forest! "A variety of woodland types within * the forest – not just pines "" " "Greater component of broadleaved * trees" " * "Varied age structure" " * "The forest is a whole community, of fungi, plants, insects, birds & animals" "" * "The forest is dynamic, changing over time, and from area to area" Forestry in the Highlands Conference A range of woodland types in the forest! The Atlantic oakwoods, such as this in Ariundle Away from the west coast, narrow gorges with NNR, are a bryophyte-rich temperate rainforest cascading rivers, such as this is Glen Moriston, component of the Caledonian Forest! create similar a rainforest micro-climate! Forestry in the Highlands Conference Riparian and floodplain woodlands! Alder and birches in riparian woodland along Alder trees in the floodplain of the! a burn in Glen Affric! River Moriston! Forestry in the Highlands Conference Treeline and montane scrub communities! Krummholz pines and juniper at ! Reindeer lichen, juniper & birches at 500 Creag Fiaclach in the Cairngorms! metres on an island on the Hilton Estate! Forestry in the Highlands Conference Bog woodland and clearings in the forest! This natural clearing in the forest at Dundreggan is formed by an area of boggy ground, which is the habitat for the strawberry spider (Araneus alsine)! Stunted pine in an area of bog woodland ! in Glen Affric! Forestry in the Highlands Conference Diversity of tree species in the Forest! Oak and hazel growing amongst pine and birch Aspens in autumn in Glen Affric. -
Scotland's Forestry Strategy 2019–2029
Scotland’s Forestry Strategy 2019–2029 A Consultation Draft September 2018 Ministerial foreword to consultation The management of forests, woodlands and trees in Scotland over the last one hundred years is a significant success story. But it is a success that too few people have recognised. As Cabinet Secretary responsible for forestry, I have great optimism and ambition for this economically and environmentally crucial land-use. I am particularly pleased that within a year of taking office, the Forestry and Land Management (Scotland) Act 2018 was passed – the first forestry Act passed by the Scottish Parliament. The Act sets the framework for completing the devolution of forestry to Scotland. This Forestry Strategy is an essential element in supporting delivery of that framework and is a clear commitment in this year’s Programme for Government. It will set out our forestry ambitions and our long-term strategic approach to modern, productive, sustainable forestry. Forestry today is much changed. The practices of 50 years ago have been replaced by the internationally recognised principles of sustainable forest management. These principles, which underpin every aspect of forestry in Scotland, are also challenging the dated concept of ‘competing’ land interests and are helping to build a culture of complementary land management to get the best from our land. This is very much at the heart of our long-term vision for forestry. It is a vision that aims to inspire and stimulate action in a shared national endeavour, to sustainably grow and manage this valuable resource - to make the most of it, to protect it and to enhance it such that it meets our needs and the needs of the Scottish people in future.