Direct and Indirect Drivers of Moss Community Structure, Function, and Associated Microfauna Across a Successional Gradient
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Economic and Ethnic Uses of Bryophytes
Economic and Ethnic Uses of Bryophytes Janice M. Glime Introduction Several attempts have been made to persuade geologists to use bryophytes for mineral prospecting. A general lack of commercial value, small size, and R. R. Brooks (1972) recommended bryophytes as guides inconspicuous place in the ecosystem have made the to mineralization, and D. C. Smith (1976) subsequently bryophytes appear to be of no use to most people. found good correlation between metal distribution in However, Stone Age people living in what is now mosses and that of stream sediments. Smith felt that Germany once collected the moss Neckera crispa bryophytes could solve three difficulties that are often (G. Grosse-Brauckmann 1979). Other scattered bits of associated with stream sediment sampling: shortage of evidence suggest a variety of uses by various cultures sediments, shortage of water for wet sieving, and shortage around the world (J. M. Glime and D. Saxena 1991). of time for adequate sampling of areas with difficult Now, contemporary plant scientists are considering access. By using bryophytes as mineral concentrators, bryophytes as sources of genes for modifying crop plants samples from numerous small streams in an area could to withstand the physiological stresses of the modern be pooled to provide sufficient material for analysis. world. This is ironic since numerous secondary compounds Subsequently, H. T. Shacklette (1984) suggested using make bryophytes unpalatable to most discriminating tastes, bryophytes for aquatic prospecting. With the exception and their nutritional value is questionable. of copper mosses (K. G. Limpricht [1885–]1890–1903, vol. 3), there is little evidence of there being good species to serve as indicators for specific minerals. -
Ecosites and Communities of Forested Rangelands
Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems Ecosites and Communities of Forested Rangelands Jeff Thorpe and Bob Godwin Saskatchewan Research Council 2008 Funding for this publication provided by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada's Greencover Canada Program Ecosites and Communities of Forested Rangelands ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This project was coordinated by the Saskatchewan Forest Centre (SFC), with major funding support from Agriculture and Agri-food Canada’s Greencover Canada Program. Additional funding supporting was received from: • Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture (SA) • Forest Service Branch, Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment (SE) • Parks Service Branch, Saskatchewan Ministry of Tourism, Parks, Culture, and Sport (STPCS) • Saskatchewan Research Council (SRC) Todd Jorgenson (SA) and Al Foster (SA) helped with planning and coordination of the project, and Larry White (SFC) dealt with financial administration. Michael McLaughlan (SE), Rob Wright (SE) and Bill Houston (PFRA) provided access to vegetation plot data. SA staff, including Todd Jorgenson, Al Foster, and numerous summer students, and PFRA staff (Jenny Calow and Michelle Graham) contributed significant time to field data collection. A major part of the fieldwork was done by SRC subcontractors Wade Sumners, Chet Neufeld, and Randy Reddekopp. John Hudson (independent botanist) helped to identify plant collections. Charlene Hudym (SRC) prepared the report. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the advice and example provided by Gerry Ehlert and Barry Adams of Alberta Sustainable Resource -
Additive Partitioning of Testate Amoeba Species Diversity Across Habitat
1 Published in European Journal of Protistology 51, 42-52, 2015 which should be used for any reference to this work Additive partitioning of testate amoeba species diversity across habitat hierarchy within the pristine southern taiga landscape (Pechora-Ilych Biosphere Reserve, Russia) a,∗ a b,c Andrey N. Tsyganov , Alexander A. Komarov , Edward A.D. Mitchell , d e e a Satoshi Shimano , Olga V. Smirnova , Alexey A. Aleynikov , Yuri A. Mazei aDepartment of Zoology and Ecology, Penza State University, Krasnaya str. 40, 440026 Penza, Russia bLaboratory of Soil Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, rue Emile Argand 11, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland cJardin Botanique de Neuchâtel, Pertuis-du-Sault 56-58, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland dScience Research Center, Hosei University, 2-17-1 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, 102-8160 Tokyo, Japan eLaboratory of Structural and Functional Organisation of Forest Ecosystems, Center for Problems of Ecology and Productivity of Forests, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya str. 84/32, 117997 Moscow, Russia Abstract In order to better understand the distribution patterns of terrestrial eukaryotic microbes and the factors governing them, we studied the diversity partitioning of soil testate amoebae across levels of spatially nested habitat hierarchy in the largest European old-growth dark coniferous forest (Pechora-Ilych Biosphere Reserve; Komi Republic, Russia). The variation in testate amoeba species richness and assemblage structure was analysed in 87 samples from six biotopes in six vegetation types using an additive partitioning procedure and principal component analyses. The 80 taxa recorded represent the highest value of species richness for soil testate amoebae reported for taiga soils so far. -
Documenting Calcareous Habitats of High Conservation Value In
DOCUMENTING CALCAREOUS HABITATS OF HIGH CONSERVATION VALUE IN NORTHERN RIVER VALLEYS David Mazerolle, Sean Blaney, Colin Chapman, Alain Belliveau and Tom Neily March 31, 2019 A report to the New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund by the Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Centre P.O. Box 6416, Sackville, NB, E4L 1C6 www.accdc.com 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding for this project was entirely provided by the New Brunswick Wildlife Trust Fund and Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Atlantic Ecosystems Initiatives funding program. The Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Centre appreciates the opportunity to have carried out surveys in these biologically diverse and provincially significant sites. 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY River valleys are especially diverse portions of any landscape because of their diversity of moisture, exposure and disturbance regimes. In highly altered landscapes, river valleys also often retain the most natural communities because of inherent difficulties in farming, logging and settling their steep slopes and flood-prone bottomlands. Because soils with higher pH values (i.e. alkaline, basic or calcareous soils) are generally much more fertile than acidic ones and often support species- rich communities, river valleys underlain by alkaline bedrock often constitute particularly significant reservoirs of biodiversity. In New Brunswick, high-pH habitats (including alkaline bedrock outcrops, cliffs, fens and swamps) represent a small portion of the provincial land area, often occurring as small islands within a predominantly acidic landscape. These habitats support many of the province’s rarest vascular plant, lichen and bryophyte species and represent areas of high conservation significance. Due to lack of connectivity and relative isolation, species of conservation concern found in these habitats may be at greater risk of local extirpation due to human disturbance or stochastic events, as recruitment and recolonization from other populations is unlikely. -
Digital Compilation of Vegetation Types of the Mackenzie Valley Transportation Corridor
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA OPEN FILE 1614 Digital Compilation of Vegetation Types of the Mackenzie Valley Transportation Corridor J.F. Wright, C. Duchesne and M.M. Côté 2003 ©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2002 Available from Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8 J.F. Wright, C. Duchesne and M.M. Côté 2003: Digital compilation of vegetation types of the Mackenzie Valley Transportation Corridor; Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 1614, 1 CD-ROM. Open files are products that have not gone through the GSC formal publication process. ABSTRACT The vegetation maps were originally prepared by the Forest Management Institute of the Canadian Forestry Service for the Environmental-Social Program of the Task Force on Northern Oil Development. They were subsequently digitized by Natural Resources Canada (Geological Survey of Canada) for use in a ground thermal modeling project. Secondary benefit of digitizing the 1974 paper maps was data preservation to a digital format easily accessible in a Geographic Information System. The data represent a broad classification of the vegetation in the Mackenzie Valley Transportation Corridor, which stretches along the Mackenzie River, Northwest Territories, from the Alberta border to the Beaufort Sea (10° of latitude). Included in the dataset are information on species composition, and canopy height and density of the forest cover. Landform modifiers are also included for areas of tundra vegetation. The vegetation was interpreted from black and white panchromatic aerial photographs taken between 1970 and 1972. Additional infrared colour photography was taken in 1971 and 1972 to cover a small portion of the area. -
===Краткие Сообщения ======Distribution Patterns of Ptilium Crista-Castrensis (Bryophyta, Hypnaceae) in the East European Plain and Eastern Fennoscandia
Nature Conservation Research. Заповедная наука 2019. 4(1): 93–98 https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2019.007 =========== SHORT COMMUNICATIONS ========== ============ КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ ============ DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF PTILIUM CRISTA-CASTRENSIS (BRYOPHYTA, HYPNACEAE) IN THE EAST EUROPEAN PLAIN AND EASTERN FENNOSCANDIA Sergey Yu. Popov*, Yulia A. Makukha Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received: 04.06.2018. Revised: 12.01.2019. Accepted: 15.01.2019. Ptilium crista-castrensis is one of the most common moss species in the forest zone. It is dominant in the moss layer of the blueberry and cowberry forests. At least with low abundance, it occurs almost in every forest type and mires. In addition, it is a component of the moss layer in tundra. We compiled the published annotated lists of regional bryophyte floras into a generalised dataset. We then created a map of the P. crista-castrensis model range using the kriging method. We included data from 179 locations, with data points in 39 Protected Areas. We determined climatic preferences of the species by comparing the species occurrence and climatic factors on locations. The com- parison of the created model map with the map of vegetation zones allowed us to analyse the spatial distribution of P. crista-castrensis. We could demonstrate a sharp decrease of P. crista-castrensis abundance at the borders of the forest and steppe zones. By the range boundaries, this moss is a rarely occurring species, where it grows exclusively in limited pine forest patches. This species is completely lacking in the steppe zone. Its abundance has maximal values in the northern taiga subzone considered as the climatic optimum of P. -
Size-Mediated Tree Transpiration Along Soil Drainage Gradients in a Boreal Black Spruce Forest Wildfire Chronosequence
Tree Physiology 32, 599–611 doi:10.1093/treephys/tps021 Research paper Size-mediated tree transpiration along soil drainage gradients in a boreal black spruce forest wildfire chronosequence J.L. Angstmann1,3, B.E. Ewers1 and H. Kwon2 Downloaded from 1Department of Botany, Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82072, USA; 2Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea; 3Corresponding author ([email protected]) Received September 23, 2011; accepted February 24, 2012; published online April 25, 2012; handling Editor Nathan Phillips http://treephys.oxfordjournals.org/ Boreal forests are crucial to climate change predictions because of their large land area and ability to sequester and store carbon, which is controlled by water availability. Heterogeneity of these forests is predicted to increase with climate change through more frequent wildfires, warmer, longer growing seasons and potential drainage of forested wetlands. This study aims at quantifying controls over tree transpiration with drainage condition, stand age and species in a central Canadian black spruce boreal forest. Heat dissipation sensors were installed in 2007 and data were collected through 2008 on 118 trees (69 Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. (black spruce), 25 Populus tremuloides Michx. (trembling aspen), 19 Pinus banksiana Lamb. (jack pine), 3 Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch (tamarack) and 2 Salix spp. (willow)) at four at University of Wyoming Libraries on June 27, 2016 stand ages (18, 43, 77 and 157 years old) each containing a well- and poorly-drained stand. Transpiration estimates from sap flux were expressed per unit xylem area, JS, per unit ground area, EC and per unit leaf area, EL, using sapwood (AS) and leaf (AL) area calculated from stand- and species-specific allometry. -
Glossary of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology for Alaska
U. S. Department of the Interior BLM-Alaska Technical Report to Bureau of Land Management BLM/AK/TR-84/1 O December' 1984 reprinted October.·2001 Alaska State Office 222 West 7th Avenue, #13 Anchorage, Alaska 99513 Glossary of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology for Alaska Herman W. Gabriel and Stephen S. Talbot The Authors HERMAN w. GABRIEL is an ecologist with the USDI Bureau of Land Management, Alaska State Office in Anchorage, Alaskao He holds a B.S. degree from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and a Ph.D from the University of Montanao From 1956 to 1961 he was a forest inventory specialist with the USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Regiono In 1966-67 he served as an inventory expert with UN-FAO in Ecuador. Dra Gabriel moved to Alaska in 1971 where his interest in the description and classification of vegetation has continued. STEPHEN Sa TALBOT was, when work began on this glossary, an ecologist with the USDI Bureau of Land Management, Alaska State Office. He holds a B.A. degree from Bates College, an M.Ao from the University of Massachusetts, and a Ph.D from the University of Alberta. His experience with northern vegetation includes three years as a research scientist with the Canadian Forestry Service in the Northwest Territories before moving to Alaska in 1978 as a botanist with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. or. Talbot is now a general biologist with the USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Anchorage, where he is conducting baseline studies of the vegetation of national wildlife refuges. ' . Glossary of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology for Alaska Herman W. -
Hygrohypnum (Amblystegiaceae, Bryopsida) in the Iberian Peninsula
Cryptogamie, Bryologie, 2007, 28 (2): 109-143 © 2007 Adac. Tous droits réservés Hygrohypnum (Amblystegiaceae, Bryopsida) in the Iberian Peninsula Gisela OLIVÁN a*, Esther FUERTES b and Margarita ACÓN c a Departamento de Biología Vegetal I, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain ([email protected]) b Departamento de Biología Vegetal I, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain ([email protected]) c Departamento de Biología (Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain ([email protected]) Abstract – The genus Hygrohypnum Lindb. is studied for the Iberian Peninsula, based mainly on herbarium specimens kept in BM, PC, S and the main Iberian herbaria. Eight species of Hygrohypnum occur in the Iberian Peninsula: Hygrohypnum cochlearifolium , H. duriusculum , H. eugyrium , H. luridum , H. molle, H. ochraceum , H. smithii and H. styria- cum . Of these, H. eugyrium and H. cochlearifolium are considered to be extinct in the Iberian Peninsula. Hygrohypnum alpestre and H. polare are definitively excluded from the Iberian bryophyte flora, since its occurrence at present or in the past could not be confirmed. Only the occurrence of Hygrohypnum ochraceum has been confirmed for Portugal. Keys, descriptions, illustrations, SEM photographs and distribution maps of the species of Hygrohypnum in the Iberian Peninsula are provided. Hygrohypnum /Amblystegiaceae / Iberian Peninsula / flora / taxonomy / distribution INTRODUCTION Taxonomic history of Hygrohypnum The generic name Hygrohypnum was introduced by Lindberg (1872) to replace the illegitimate name Limnobium used by Schimper (1853), who was the first to treat the genus as separate from the broadly conceived Hypnum Hedw. -
Field Guide to the Moss Genera in New Jersey by Keith Bowman
Field Guide to the Moss Genera in New Jersey With Coefficient of Conservation and Indicator Status Keith Bowman, PhD 10/20/2017 Acknowledgements There are many individuals that have been essential to this project. Dr. Eric Karlin compiled the initial annotated list of New Jersey moss taxa. Second, I would like to recognize the contributions of the many northeastern bryologists that aided in the development of the initial coefficient of conservation values included in this guide including Dr. Richard Andrus, Dr. Barbara Andreas, Dr. Terry O’Brien, Dr. Scott Schuette, and Dr. Sean Robinson. I would also like to acknowledge the valuable photographic contributions from Kathleen S. Walz, Dr. Robert Klips, and Dr. Michael Lüth. Funding for this project was provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2, State Wetlands Protection Development Grant, Section 104(B)(3); CFDA No. 66.461, CD97225809. Recommended Citation: Bowman, Keith. 2017. Field Guide to the Moss Genera in New Jersey With Coefficient of Conservation and Indicator Status. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, New Jersey Forest Service, Office of Natural Lands Management, Trenton, NJ, 08625. Submitted to United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 2, State Wetlands Protection Development Grant, Section 104(B)(3); CFDA No. 66.461, CD97225809. i Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Descriptions -
G3.A Picea Taiga Woodland
European Red List of Habitats - Forests Habitat Group G3.A Picea taiga woodland Summary This habitat comprises mesic to herb-rich woodland on mineral soils through the boreal and boreonemoral zones, often dominated by Picea abies but sometimes by Pinus sylvestris or Betula pendula or mixtures of these trees. Broadleaved trees can also occur and though, under natural conditions, forest succession will lead to the development of a Picea forest, the proportions of tree species are nowadays largely regulated by forestry. The soils are usually podzolic with mor humus but sometimes more mesic with mull and the associated shrubs, dwarf shrubs, herbs and bryophytes all reflect these differences as well as the regional climate. Many of the threats relate to forestry: cuttings, removal of dead and dying trees, thinning of tree layer, lack of natural stand dynamics and soil amelioration are likely to lead to forests with an even stand structure, shortage of old trees, missing deadwood and deadwood continuum as well as to simplified tree species composition. In the northern parts of Fennoscandia and in Latvia overgrazing is a threat and in Norway infrastructure development. In the future climate change is likely to influence this habitat. Conservation measures can include establishing protected areas/sites for succession, restoring/improving forest habitats and adaptation of forest management. Synthesis The habitat is assessed as Least Concern (LC) under criterion A1 (decline in quantity) in both EU28 and EU28+, as there has been a small increase in its quantity over the last 50 years. The area of the habitat is currently stable or increasing in the Nordic countries, but declining in the Baltic countries. -
Patterns of Bryophyte Succession in a 160-Year Chronosequence in Deciduous and Coniferous Forests of Boreal Alaska Mélanie Jean, Heather D
1021 ARTICLE Patterns of bryophyte succession in a 160-year chronosequence in deciduous and coniferous forests of boreal Alaska Mélanie Jean, Heather D. Alexander, Michelle C. Mack, and Jill F. Johnstone Abstract: Bryophytes are dominant components of boreal forest understories and play a large role in regulating soil microcli- mate and nutrient cycling. Therefore, shifts in bryophyte communities have the potential to affect boreal forests’ ecosystem processes. We investigated how bryophyte communities varied in 83 forest stands in interior Alaska that ranged in age (since fire) from 8 to 163 years and had canopies dominated by deciduous broadleaf (Populus tremuloides Michx. or Betula neoalaskana Sarg.) or coniferous trees (Picea mariana Mill B.S.P.). In each stand, we measured bryophyte community composition, along with environ- mental variables (e.g., organic layer depth, leaf litter cover, moisture). Bryophyte communities were initially similar in deciduous vs. coniferous forests but diverged in older stands in association with changes in organic layer depth and leaf litter cover. Our data suggest two tipping points in bryophyte succession: one at the disappearance of early colonizing taxa 20 years after fire and another at 40 years after fire, which corresponds to canopy closure and differential leaf litter inputs in mature deciduous and coniferous canopies. Our results enhance understanding of the processes that shape compositional patterns and ecosystem services of bryophytes in relation to stand age, canopy composition, and changing disturbances such as fire that may trigger changes in canopy composition. Key words: boreal forest, succession, moss, chronosequence, leaf litter, canopy effects, fire, bryophyte. Résumé : Les bryophytes sont des éléments dominants du sous-bois de la forêt boréale et jouent un grand rôle dans la régulation du recyclage des nutriments et du microclimat dans le sol.