Diversity 2013, 5, 557-580; doi:10.3390/d5030557 OPEN ACCESS diversity ISSN 1424-2818 www.mdpi.com/journal/diversity Article Loss of European Dry Heaths in NW Spain: A Case Study Pablo Ramil Rego 1, Manuel A. Rodríguez Guitián 1, Hugo López Castro 1, Javier Ferreiro da Costa 1,* and Castor Muñoz Sobrino 2 1 GI 1934-TB (Territorio, Biodiversidade), Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria e Desenvolvemento Rural (IBADER), Universidade de Santiago, Campus de Lugo s/n, Lugo E-27002, Spain; E-Mails:
[email protected] (P.R.R.);
[email protected] (M.A.R.G.);
[email protected] (H.L.C.) 2 Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus de Marcosende s/n, Vigo E-36310, Spain; E-Mail:
[email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
[email protected]; Tel.: +34-982-824-507; Fax: +34-982-824-508. Received: 13 May 2013; in revised form: 21 June 2013 / Accepted: 16 July 2013 / Published: 2 August 2013 Abstract: Natural habitats are continuing to deteriorate in Europe with an increasing number of wild species which are also seriously threatened. Consequently, a coherent European ecological network (Natura 2000) for conservation of natural habitats and the wild fauna and flora (Council Directive 92/43/EEC) was created. Even so, there is currently no standardized methodology for surveillance and assessment of habitats, a lack that it is particularly problematic for those habitats occupying large areas (heathlands, forests, dunes, wetlands) and which require a great deal of effort to be monitored.