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Modern Japanese Grammar A Practical Guide Naomi H. McGloin, Mutsuko Endo Hudson, Fumiko Nazikian, Tomomi Kakegawa, Sarah Butler

Writing system

Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9780203856628.ch3 Naomi H. McGloin, Mutsuko Endo Hudson, Fumiko Nazikian, Tomomi Kakegawa Published online on: 04 Oct 2013

How to cite :- Naomi H. McGloin, Mutsuko Endo Hudson, Fumiko Nazikian, Tomomi Kakegawa. 04 Oct 2013, Writing system from: Modern Japanese Grammar, A Practical Guide Routledge Accessed on: 28 Sep 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9780203856628.ch3

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12 ゃ (ya), are writtenwithnormalsounds sizei-rowsymbolsofthe symbols object). The The soundandthesymboldonotmatchforparticleswa(topic),e(‘to’),o(direct names alsoappearinhiragana,aswellkanjionsigns. ゆっくり (e.g. parts inflected location), Katakana Hiragana of diacritic devices forvoiced and p Katakana areasetof46phoneticsymbols,vowelelongation symbol(ー),andacouple expressions, and tomake a soundor wordstandoutfromtherest. to represent sounds(onomatopoeia), to express special nuances of words,including slang Katakana isusedmainly for loanwords(especially those fromcountries other than China), hiragana. symbols arebased,butnotall ofthem.Katakanasymbolslookangular, comparedtothecurvy symbols arebasedonthe same kanjiasthoseonwhichthecorrespondinghiragana with similar sounds; e.g.阿→ア(a),加カ(ka), 奴→ヌ (nu),保ホ(ho).Somekatakana ボ (bo),ポ(po). They werecreated by taking a fragment of kanji(Chinesecharacters) (ho). They are chiefly used for particles (e.g. particles for used chiefly are They (ho). 加→か (ka),奴ぬ(nu),保ほ ated from the cursive styleofkanji(Chinesecharacters) with similar sounds; e.g.安→あ(a), and Hiragana areasetof46phonetic symbols, plusacoupleofdiacritic devices forvoiced Four typesofwritingsystemareusedinJapanese:hiragana, Writing system 3 degree, CC Appendix I p きゃ りょ wife Tsumatoshite UNdehataraiteimasu. waFuransugonotsuuyaku 妻はフランス語の通訳としてUNで働いています。 ( Kj (My) wife works (Lit. is working)fortheUNasaFrenchinterpreter. wifeworks(Lit. (My) sounds; e.g. H: roomaji. A very general description of each type follows the example sentence below. ゅ (yu),orょyo).

hiragana; Kt:katakanaKj:kanjiR:roomaji)

yukkuri topic France-language ’s interpreter as UNatwork-ingis H

ryo kya Kt (po). They were cre- ぽ(po). あ (a),か(ka),が(ga),ぬ(nu),ほ(ho),ぼ(bo), (ri+small (ki+small ‘slowly’), and auxiliaries (見ている

は (ha), Kj

yo) 行った ya) へ (he),andを(originallywo)areusedrespectively. Palatal

H

sounds; e.g.ア(a),カ(ka),ガ(ga),ヌ(nu),ホ(ho), itta Kj

,’ ‘go-past,’ ぴょ しゅ H

R

若い pyo shu H

(shi+small (pi+small ie iru mite Kj aoi hiragana chart,followedbysmall

katakana, ‘young-nonpast’), adverbs (e.g. H

H ‘is seeing’). Train station yo) yu) kanji and,toalesser で de for

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13 Roomaji Kanji to write the names of pop artists (JUJU, Superfly), bands (e.g. GReeeeN, HY, SMAP), and HY,SMAP), GReeeeN, (e.g. bands Superfly), (JUJU, songs (e.g.Love)inromaji (or English). artists pop of names the write to (for common more names and more station becoming is lady’), it Recently, names. ‘office brand OL some and CD, foreigners’benefit), BBC, (e.g. acronyms for mainly used is Roomaji even forthesamewords.Somepeople like to usekanji,whileothersdonot. words forwhichtheydonotyetknowthekanji. Among adults,thereareindividualpreferences dren’s booksarewritteninhiragana,anditiscommonforchildren to usehiraganawrite daily use’),whichchildrenlearnduringtheirnineyearsofcompulsoryeducation. Young chil one needstoknowalittle over 2,000characters (called works (Lit. is working) forthe UNas a French (language) interpreter.’ wife To ‘(My) be literate in Japanese, section, this in example first the in ‘working’) ‘interpreter,’(in ‘language,’‘work’ sixth century. They areusedfornounsandsubstantive parts ofverbsandadjectives; e.g. ‘wife,’ Kanji small Palatal sounds arewritten with normal size not existinhiragana. To accommodate foreign sounds,somecombinations of katakanahavebeendevisedthatdo Roomaji ( CC Appendix II リョ キャ モノとコトは使い方が違う。‘Mono’ to‘koto’ watsukaikatagachigau. キツイ ヒロシマ ウォ アメリカ ゴツン ティ ファ トゥ デュ ャ (ya), are logographic (word-representing) characters borrowed from Chinese since the fifth or fifth the since Chinese from borrowed characters (word-representing) logographic are ( R C oman alphabet)

wo (u ti (te fa (fu tu (to dyu (de hinese characters) ( ‘difficult, harsh’ (special meaning; originally ‘tight’) originally meaning; (special harsh’ ‘difficult, kitsui gotsun ‘thump!’ ュ (yu),orョyo). R ryo kya Hiroshima ‘Hiroshima’ (astheinternationally recognized city) Amerika ‘America’ + oman alphabet) + + + small small small small (ri+small (ki+small + small i): u): a): o): ティーバッグ yu): ‘fighting spirit’ ‘fighting ファイトfaito ウォーター トゥー yo) ya) デュース

tuu ‘two’ (orツー Mono (‘thing’)andkotoareuseddifferently. ワンワン コンピュータ（ー） wootaa ‘water’ (orウオーター tii baggu‘tea bag’ dyuusu ピョ シュ i-row symbolsofthe

‘deuce’ (orジュース

wanwan pyo shu tsuu) jooyoo kanji‘Chinesecharacters for (shi+small (pi+small ‘bowwow’ konpyuuta(a) katakana chart, followed by yo) yu) juusu uootaa) ‘computer’ ) 3.4 -