DOCSLIB.ORG

5.2 Clause and Noun Host Type (CNH-Type) Constructions

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
5.2 Clause and Noun Host Type (CNH-Type) Constructions UC Berkeley Dissertations, Department of Linguistics Title Grammar and Semantics of Adnominal Clauses in Japanese Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/81h604rt Author Matsumoto, Yoshiko Publication Date 1989 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Grammar and Semantics of Adnominal Clauses in Japanese By Yoshiko Matsumoto MA. (University of Tsukuba, Japan) 1979 M A (University of California) 1982 CJPhil. (University of California) 1987 DISSERTATION Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in LINGUISTICS in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA at BERKELEY Approved: DOCTORAL DEGREE CONFERRED ********* illfii **6at**bi»etM*********** Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Grammar and Semantics of Adnominal Clauses in Japanese Copyright ©1988 Yoshiko Matsumoto Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Grammar and Semantics of Adnominal Clauses in Japanese by Yoshiko Matsumoto A bstract One crucial but rarely emphasized characteristic of Japanese noun modification by adnominal clause (e.g. relative clauses, noun complement clauses) is that the semantic function of the head noun with respect to the predicate in the modifying clause is not explicitly indicated. Despite the difficulties that this creates for any purely syntactic or structural analysis, the role of semantics and pragmatics has received little attention. This study focuses on the construal of Japanese adnominal clauses, and has as purpose (1) to demonstrate that a purely syntactic analysis modelled on analyses of English relative clauses cannot account for Japanese Noun-Modifying Construc­ tions (NMCs), (2) to show that semantics and pragmatics play a crucial role in the construal of clausal NMCs in Japanese, and (3) to suggest a framework that can account for a wide range of naturally-occurring NMCs. The proposed framework involves both semantic frames evoked by linguistic clues given in the constructions and construers’ expectations based on their world-view. In the proposed framework, NMCs are classified into three groups depending on which constituent functions as the host for the purpose of the semantic integration of the clause and the head noun. The three types are the Clause Host (CH) TYPE, the N oun Host (NH) TYPE, and the CLAUSE AND Noun Host (CNH) TYPE; these can be illustrated by the examples (1) (CH) [[tabeta] mise] ‘ate shop5, (NH) [[tabeta] hanasi]ia.te story5, (3) (CNH) [[tabeta] kaeri] ‘ate return’ ((1) ‘the shop (at which)( ) ate ( ), (2) ‘the story (that) ( ) ate ( )’, (3) ‘the way back (from) eating’). The CH-type includes what have usually been called “relative clauses”, but also includes a "wider range of examples than previous analyses have attempted to treat. 1 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. This study reveals characteristic features of Japanese that cannot be treated without reference to semantics and pragmatics; the existence of such features argues strongly for the formulation of linguistic theories in which syntax, semantics and pragmatics all have their proper place. 2 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. For number sequence only ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. C ontents 1 Introduction 1 2 Background of the Study 14 2.1 Syntactic Studies ............................................................................................ 15 2.1.1 Transformational Grammar based Accounts ................................. 15 2.1.2 Functional Syntax Accounts ............................................................. 17 2.2 Descriptive Approach ......................................................................................23 3 Construal of Noun Modifying Constructions: Description and Frame­ work 30 3.1 Construal and the Variety of Constructions ................................................ 30 3.1.1 “Relative Clause” and “Relative-like” Constructions .....................30 3.1.2 Other types of noun modifying constructions .................................. 42 3.2 Frame semantics and a framework for the present stu d y ..........................45 3.2.1 Frames and related concepts .............................................................46 3.2.2 A framework for the present s t u d y ................................................ 48 4 Analysis of Noun Modifying Constructions I: CH type 56 4.1 “Straightforward” Constructions ................................................................... 57 4.1.1 “Straightforward” Constructions .......................................................57 4.1.2 Superficially “Straightforward” Constructions 1 ...........................62 4.1.3 Superficially “Straightforward” Constructions 2 .......................... 67 4.1.4 Complexity of C onstrual ................................................................... 7S 4.2 Other Possible Relationships between Noun and Clause .......................... 86 4.2.1 Condition anu Consequence .............................................................87 4.2.2 Purpose and R equisite .................................................................... 109 4.2.3 Simultaneity of A ction/Event/State .............................................. 113 4.2.4 Simple Temporal Sequence..............................................................115 4.2.5 “Topic” and “Comment” ................................................................ 1 IS 4.2.6 Part and W hole .................................................................................122 4.2.7 S u m m ary ..........................................................................................125 4.3 Summary and Conclusions on the CH ty p e .............................................. 129 iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. 5 Analysis of Noun Modifying Constructions II: NH-type and CNH- type 136 5.1 Noun Host type Constructions .....................................................................136 5.1.1 Speech Act Nouns as H ead...............................................................137 5.1.2 Nouns of Thoughts and Feelings as H e a d ..................................... 146 5.1.3 Proposition-taking nouns, etc. as H ead .........................................149 5.2 Clause and Noun Host Type (CNH-type) Constructions ......................... 154 5.2.1 Relational Nouns as H e a d .............................................................. 154 5.2.2 Quasi-Relational Nouns as H ead .....................................................164 5.2.3 Nouns of Perception as H ead ........................................................... 166 6 Conclusion 175 6.1 Summary .......................................................................................................175 6.2 Implications and Conclusions .................................................................... 179 6.2.1 Characteristics of Japanese .............................................................. 179 6.2.2 Conclusion .......................................................................................... 183 Bibliography 187 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Acknowledgement I am greatly indebted to the members of the dissertation committee: Robin T. Lakoff, Chaxles J. Fillmore, and Haruo Aoki. Robin Lakoff has been my advisor for several yeaxs in my graduate work, and has taught me, through her enthusiasm and clear-minded insights, what we do in linguistics. Her teaching and encouragement at different stages have had a deter­ mining influence on me, academically and otherwise. My deep gratitude goes to Chaxles Fillmore, who has been most kind in spending innumerable hours, listening and talking to me, since the day I began to form my first naive ideas on the subject of this dissertation. I leaxnt greatly from his thoughtful approach to linguistic facts and theories. I am most privileged to have had these two great teachers as advisors for this dissertation. I also would like to express my sincere thanks to Haruo Aoki for his insightful advice, which was always given when most needed. I have greatly benefited from the intellectual and moral support at many stages of my writing and thinking about this dissertation from Pamela Downing, Mark Gawron, Orin Gensler, Haxtmut Haberland, Jorge Hankamer, Paul Kay, Senko Maynard, Shigeko Okamoto, Ellen Prince, John R. Seaxle, Eve Sweetser, Polly Szatrowski, Hideo Teramura, Nigel Ward, Karl Zimmer, and from the people who have paxticipated in the Japanese Linguistics Workshop at U.C. Berkeley; espe­ cially, Yoko Hasegawa, Masataka Ishikawa, Ryoji Kasai, Tatsuo Miyajima, Yoshi- hisa Miyakawa, Yuko Mogami, Matthew Rispoli, Meryl Siegal, Seiko Yamaguchi, and Ghizuko Yoshikawa. Orin Gensler’s efforts to improve the style of the disserta­ tion have been heroic and invaluable to me. I would like also to express my gratitude for the support given by The University of California through the George C. and Helen N. Pardee Scholarship in 1987-88. Although it would not be customary in Japan to thank one’s own family in public, I should like to thank my family, my parents and sister in Japan, for their
Load more

Recommended publications
  • UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Syntax & Information Structure: The Grammar of English Inversions Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sv7q1pm Author Samko, Bern Publication Date 2016 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ SYNTAX & INFORMATION STRUCTURE: THE GRAMMAR OF ENGLISH INVERSIONS A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in LINGUISTICS by Bern Samko June 2016 The Dissertation of Bern Samko is approved: Professor Jim McCloskey, chair Associate Professor Pranav Anand Associate Professor Line Mikkelsen Assistant Professor Maziar Toosarvandani Tyrus Miller Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright © by Bern Samko 2016 Contents Acknowledgments x 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Thequestions ............................... 1 1.1.1 Summaryofresults ........................ 2 1.2 Syntax................................... 6 1.3 InformationStructure . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 1.3.1 Topic ............................... 8 1.3.2 Focus ............................... 11 1.3.3 Givenness............................. 13 1.3.4 The distinctness of information structural notions . ....... 14 1.3.5 TheQUD ............................. 17 1.4 The relationship between syntax and information structure ....... 19 1.5 Thephenomena .............................. 25 1.5.1
    [Show full text]
  • On the Question of Topics in Topic Prominent Interlanguage
    On the Question of Topics in Topic Prominent Interlanguage Marie Fellbaum Korpi Linguistics Program The Australian National University Canberra 2000 [email protected] Abstract For twenty-five years, interlanguage researchers have accepted an early period of topic prominence in the language of a native speaker of Hmong learning English (Huebner 1983). The study was based on Li and Thompson's Typology of Subject-Prominent and Topic Prominent language types. Since Huebner only examined properties of topic prominent languages without also looking for evidence of subject, I revisit the study and show evidence for subjecthood from grammatical relations, semantic functions, and properties of behavior and control. An investigation of one of the properties, namely that topics control co-referential constituent deletion, suggests instead evidence for subject in serial verb constructions. After finding evidence for at least three properties of subject as a basic subject-predicate construction in the interlanguage, I propose an alternative analysis that the learner’s early interlanguage must be re-classified as both subject and topic prominent. Keywords Interlanguage, SLA, Subject, Topic Prominence I would like to thank participants of an ANU/RSPAS 2005 seminar and ALS2005 and for their comments on an earlier version, Anthony Diller, Wayan Arka, and two anonymous ALS reviewers for their comments. 2/16 On the Question of Topics in Topic Prominent Interlanguage 1.0 Introduction The notion of an early stage of topic prominence in interlanguage, the language system of learners as they develop from their first/native language (L1) to the language they are attempting to acquire, the target language (TL), was first proposed by Huebner in 1983.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 12 Expletive Pronouns
    Hardegree, Compositional Semantics, Chapter 12: Expletive Pronouns 1 of 36 Chapter 12 Expletive Pronouns 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 2 2. Overview ........................................................................................................................... 2 3. Expletive-There .................................................................................................................. 2 4. Fundamental Proposal: Expletive-There is an Anaphoric Pronoun ..................................... 3 5. How do we Read ‘be’ in ‘There be’? ................................................................................. 3 6. What is the Point of There? ................................................................................................ 6 7. Looney Examples of Topic-Comment ............................................................................... 7 8. Junction-Simplification Revisited ...................................................................................... 7 9. Other Anaphoric Uses of There.......................................................................................... 8 10. Relative-There ................................................................................................................... 9 11. Expletive-it ......................................................................................................................... 9 12. "It" is Raining .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Pragmatics and Grammar: Motivation and Control Robert A
    Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session Volume 32 Article 3 1988 Pragmatics and grammar: Motivation and control Robert A. Dooley SIL-UND Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/sil-work-papers Recommended Citation Dooley, Robert A. (1988) "Pragmatics and grammar: Motivation and control," Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session: Vol. 32 , Article 3. DOI: 10.31356/silwp.vol32.03 Available at: https://commons.und.edu/sil-work-papers/vol32/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session by an authorized editor of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PRAGMATICS AND GRAIUIAR.: HOTIVATIOII AND OOIITROL Robert A. Dooley 1 Introduction 2 Pragmatics in relation to semantics and syntax 2.1 Early definitions of pragmatics 2.2 The interface between pragmatics and semantics 2.3 The interface between pragmatics and syntax 2.4 Externally motivated phenomena encoded by grammar 2.5 Types of interaction between grammar and pragmatics 3 Pragmatic phenomena with little or no grammaticalization 3.1 Mbya hearsay particle 3.2 Wayampi main clause word order 4 Pragmatic phenomena with partial grammaticalization 4.1 Mbya future marker 4.2 Hixkaryana hearsay particle 4.3 Hixkaryana afterthought elements 5 Pragmatic phenomena with more or less complete grammaticalization 5.1 English WR-clefts 5.2 Dutch auxiliary placement 6 Concluding remarks I Introduction Much of what has been done as "pragmatics" has dealt with utterance interpretation, that is, with the influence of context on meaning.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix 1 Type-Shifting
    Appendix 1 Type-Shifting Since a formal exposition of type-shifting theory is beyond the scope of this dissertation, I offer here only a brief sketch of the principle components, as presented in Partee 1987.1 The general motivation is roughly that Montague's ‘one category: one type’ restriction can be loosened to allow a single syntactic category to correspond to a family of semantic types. Partee suggests that the traditional distinction between referential, predicative, and quantificational noun phrases can be captured formally by allowing noun phrases to be interpreted, respectively, as individuals (type e), predicates (type <e,t>), or generalized quantifiers (type <<e,t>,t>). She suggests specifically that particular types of referring expression can receive the translations shown in (i): (i) NP TRANSLATION TYPE a. John MG: λP[P(j)] <<e,t>,t> je b. hen MG: λP[P(xn)] <<e,t>,t> xn e c. every man MG: λP[∀x[man'(x) → P(x)]] <<e,t>,t> d. the man MG: λP[∃x[∀y[man'(y) ↔ y = x] & <<e,t>,t> P(x)]] i. ιx[man'(x)] e ii. λx[man'(x) & ∀y[man'(y) ↔ y = x] <e,t> e. a man MG: λP[∃x[man'(x) & P(x)]] <<e,t>,t> i. man' <e,t> ii. Kamp-Heim: xi e cond: man'(xi), xi “new” f. dogs2 i. Chierchia: ∧dog' e ii. Carlson, in effect: λP[P ∧dog')] <<e,t>,t> iii. dog' <e,t> 1See especially Partee and Rooth 1983 on type-shifting and the semantics of noun phrase coordination, and Partee 1986 on type-shifting and the semantics of pseudoclefts.
    [Show full text]
  • Contrastive Topic, Contrastive Focus, Alternatives, and Scalar Implicatures
    Contrastive Topic, Contrastive Focus, Alternatives, and Scalar Implicatures Chungmin Lee Abstract This chapter attempts to establish Contrastive Topic (CT) and Con- trastive Focus (CF) in relation to how their alternatives are evoked via their focal components involved and Question under Discussion (QUD) in discourse. CT, as part of Potential Topic, is claimed to generate conventional scalar implicature, not cancellable. CT but not ‘list CT’ has unresolved sub-questions. CF is shown to occur via alternative question (ALT-Q), which has the exhaustivity condition that exactly one disjunct holds. CT and CF constructions are cross-linguistically wit- nessed. CF, in parallelism with ALT-Q, may shed some light on the problematic exceptions to suspension of scalar implicatures in DE contexts such as antecedents of conditionals, and similar problems as well. Keywords Contrastive topic ⋅ Contrastive focus ⋅ Potential topic ⋅ QUD ⋅ Conventional scalar implicature ⋅ Alternative question (ALT-Q) ⋅ Exhaustivity 1 Contrastive Topic Sentential utterances in discourse are structured to optimize the exchange of information. Several dimensions of information structure have been identified by various authors: Topic and Focus, Topic and Comment, Topic (=Link), Tail and Focus, and finally Contrastive Topic and Contrastive Focus. As for topic-comment, the speaker of a sentence identifies something to talk about as a topic, and then I would like to express my gratitude to Manfred Krifka for his comments on and improvement of style of part of an earlier version and an anonymous reviewer at ESSLLI 2013 for his/her comments on the workshop abstract. I also thank the series editor’s (Marcel den Dikken) comments on style.
    [Show full text]
  • Charles J. Fillmore
    Obituary Charles J. Fillmore Dan Jurafsky Stanford University Charles J. Fillmore died at his home in San Francisco on February 13, 2014, of brain cancer. He was 84 years old. Fillmore was one of the world’s pre-eminent scholars of lexical meaning and its relationship with context, grammar, corpora, and computation, and his work had an enormous impact on computational linguistics. His early theoret- ical work in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s on case grammar and then frame semantics significantly influenced computational linguistics, AI, and knowledge representation. More recent work in the last two decades on FrameNet, a computational lexicon and annotated corpus, influenced corpus linguistics and computational lexicography, and led to modern natural language understanding tasks like semantic role labeling. Fillmore was born and raised in St. Paul, Minnesota, and studied linguistics at the University of Minnesota. As an undergraduate he worked on a pre-computational Latin corpus linguistics project, alphabetizing index cards and building concordances. During his service in the Army in the early 1950s he was stationed for three years in Japan. After his service he became the first US soldier to be discharged locally in Japan, and stayed for three years studying Japanese. He supported himself by teaching English, pioneering a way to make ends meet that afterwards became popular with generations of young Americans abroad. In 1957 he moved back to the United States to attend graduate school at the University of Michigan. At Michigan, Fillmore worked on phonetics, phonology, and syntax, first in the American Structuralist tradition of developing what were called “discovery proce- dures” for linguistic analysis, algorithms for inducing phones or parts of speech.
    [Show full text]
  • Topic Structures in Chinese Author(S): Xu Liejiong and D
    Linguistic Society of America Topic Structures in Chinese Author(s): Xu Liejiong and D. Terence Langendoen Source: Language, Vol. 61, No. 1 (Mar., 1985), pp. 1-27 Published by: Linguistic Society of America Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/413419 Accessed: 11/05/2009 22:37 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=lsa. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Linguistic Society of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Language. http://www.jstor.org TOPIC STRUCTURES IN CHINESE Xu LIEJIONG D.
    [Show full text]
  • Assigning Roles to Constituents of Sentences
    , " CHAPTER 19 Mechanisms of Sentence Processing: Assigning Roles to Constituents of Sentences J. L. McCLELLAND and A. H. KAWAMOTO MUL TIPLE CONSTRAINTS ON ROLE ASSIGNMENT Like many natural cognitive processes , the process of sentence comprehension involves the simultaneous consIderation of a large number of different sources of information. In this chapter, we con- sider one aspect of sentence comprehension: the assignment of the constituents of a sentence to the correct thematic case roles. Case role assignment is not , of ' course , all there is to comprehension, but it reflects one important aspect of the comprehension process, namely, the specification of who did what to whom. Case role assignment is not at all a trivial matter either, as we can see by considering some sentences and the case roles we assign to their constituents. We begin with several sentences using the verb break: (I) The boy broke the window. (2) The rock broke the window. (3) The window broke. (4) The boy broke the window with the rock. (5) The boy broke the window with the curtain. We can see that the assignment of case roles here is quite complex. The first noun phrase (NP) of the sentence can be the Agent (Sen- tences 1 , 4, and 5), the Instrument (Sentence 2), or the Patient 19. SENTENCE PROCESSING 273 (Sentence 3). The NP in the prepositional phrase (PP) could' be the Instrument (Sentence 4), or it could be a Modifier of the second NP as it is in at least one reading of Sentence 5. Another example again brings out the ambiguity of the role assignment of with-NPs: (6) The boy ate the pasta with the sauce.
    [Show full text]
  • The Logical Linguistics
    International Journal of Latest Research in Humanities and Social Science (IJLRHSS) Volume 01 - Issue 11, www.ijlrhss.com || PP. 10-48 The Logical Linguistics: Logic of Phonemes and Morae Contained in Speech Sound Stream and the Logic of Dichotomy and Dualism equipped in Neurons and Mobile Neurons Inside the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Ventricular System Interacting for the Unconscious Grammatical Processing and Constitute Meaning of Concepts. (A Molecular Level Bio-linguistic Approach) Kumon “Kimiaki” TOKUMARU Independent Researcher Abstract: This is an interdisciplinary integration on the origins of modern human language as well as the in- brain linguistic processing mechanism. In accordance with the OSI Reference Model, the author divides the entire linguistic procedure into logical layer activities inside the speaker‟s and listener‟s brains, and the physical layer phenomena, i.e. the speech sound stream or equivalent coded signals such as texts, broadcasting, telecommunications and bit data. The entire study started in 2007, when the author visitedthe Klasies River Mouth (KRM) Caves in South Africafor the first time, the oldest modern human site in the world.The archaeological excavation in 1967- 68 (Singer Wymer 1982) confirmed that (anatomically) modern humanshad lived inside the caves duringthe period120 – 60 Ka (thousand years ago), which overlaps with the timing of language acquisition, 75 Ka (Shima 2004). Following this first visitIstarted an interdisciplinary investigation into linguistic evolution and the in- brain processing mechanism of language through reading various books and articles. The idea that the human language is digital was obtained unexpectedly. The Naked-Mole Rats (Heterocephalus glaber) are eusocial and altruistic. They live underground tunnel in tropical savanna of East Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Exaptation, Grammaticalization, and Reanalysis
    Heiko Narrog Tohoku University Exaptation, Grammaticalization, and Reanalysis Abstract The goal of this paper is to argue that exaptation, as introduced into the study of language change by Lass (1990, 1997), in specific functional domains, is a limited alternative to grammaticalization. Exaptation, similarly to grammaticalization, leads to the formation of grammatical elements. Like grammaticalization, exaptation is based on the mechanism of reanalysis. It decisively differs from grammaticalization, however, as it implies change in the opposite direction, namely from material absorbed in the lexicon back to grammatical material. Two sets of data are presented as evidence for the replicability of this process. One involves the occurrence of exaptation across languages in a specific semantic domain, namely, the evolution of morphological causatives out of lexical verb patterns. The other data pertain to recurrent processes of exaptation in one language, namely in Japanese, where exaptation figures in the development of various morphological categories. In all cases of exaptation, reanalysis is crucially involved. This serves to show that reanalysis may be more fundamental to grammatical change than both grammaticalization and exaptation. Furthermore, it allows for change both with the usual directionality of grammaticalization and against it. 1. Introduction Even detractors of grammaticalization theory do not seriously challenge the fact that in the majority of cases the morphosyntactic and semantic development of grammatical material follows the paths outlined in the standard literature on grammaticalization. The two following California Linguistic Notes Volume XXXII No. 1 Winter, 2007 2 issues, however, potentially pose a critical challenge to the validity of the theory. First, there is the question of the theoretical status of grammaticalization as a coherent and unique concept.
    [Show full text]
  • <Strong><Em>English Grammar for Students of Japanese
    UCLA Issues in Applied Linguistics Title English Grammar for Students of Japanese (The Study Guide for Those Learning Japanese) by Mutsuko Endo Hudson. Ann Arbor: The Olivia and Hill Press, 1994 vii + 204 pp. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/29p5w1zb Journal Issues in Applied Linguistics, 5(2) ISSN 1050-4273 Author Mishina, Satomi Publication Date 1994-12-30 DOI 10.5070/L452005194 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California English Grammar for Students of Japanese (The Study Guide for Those Learning Japanese) by Mutsuko Endo Hudson. Ann Arbor: The Olivia and Hill Press, 1994 vii + 204 pp. Reviewed by Satomi Mishina University of California, Los Angeles English Grammar for Students ofJapanese provides a concise explanation of the key concepts and terminology of English and Japanese grammar. The title of this book may be somewhat misleading, since Hudson does not necessarily emphasize the grammar of English, but rather affords equal emphasis to the grammars of both English and Japanese. The description of English grammar and the contrastive presentation of the two grammar systems are intended to help students learning Japanese to understand its basic grammatical notions in hght of the grammar of their own native language, which, the author assumes, faciUtates the understanding of a foreign language grammar. The grammar points are addressed in separate chapters in the following basic order: parts of speech (e.g., nouns, verbs), inflections, various sentence level phenomena (e.g., subject, topic), sentence type (e.g., affirmative vs. negative, declarative vs. interrogative), tense (e.g., present tense, past tense), voice (e.g., active, passive), and types of clauses (e.g., conditional clauses, relative clauses).
    [Show full text]