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Fritillaria Camschatcensis Joshua Lynn Hort 5051 April, 25 2007 Fritillaria camschatcensis Joshua Lynn Hort 5051 April, 25 2007 http://magnar.aspaker.no/Fritillaria%20camschatcensis.jpg Classification Family Liliaceae Monocots Alternate or whorled leaves Flower parts in three’s (or multiples) with a single pistil Underground storage organ Genus Fritillaria • Temperate northern hemisphere • Few-scaled bulb or solid bulb with rice-like QuickTime™ and a bulblets TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. • Nodding, bell-shaped flowers • 3 petals + 3 sepals that often look similar Fritillaria imperialis http://www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/boga/html/Fritillaria_imperialis_Foto5.html Species camschatcensis Kamchatka lily, riceroot, black lily, Mission Bells Perennial bulb 8-24 inches tall Leaves: 1-3 whorls of 5- 10 leaves, lanceolate Flowers: 1-8, pendant, green-brown-purple often spotted with yellow in May-July Yellow and double flowered variety Malodorous flowers http://plants.thompson-morgan.com/uk/en/product/7585/1?RA=tiscali Range Kodiak Island and costal Alaska British Colombia Rare in western QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor Washington and are needed to see this picture. Oregon Also found in Japan and Siberia Flora of North America http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=8341&flora_id=1 Habitat Uncommon in the wild Moist areas: dislikes hot and dry Open meadows Tidal flats Coniferous bogs Elevation: costal to 5,000ft Tolerates shade Considered USDA Zone 4 hardy Ethnobotany http://www.nawwal.org/~mrgoff/photojournal/2003/sum/08 Also called Indian Rice -09blacklilybulb.html Common name refers to the small bulblets that were dug in the spring or fall Boiled and mashed into a paste Dried and stored for winter use Overnight soaking removes bitter taste Mentioned in Captain Cook’s notes as being boiled and eaten like potatoes Seed Propagation Direct sow in the fall for germination the following spring Suggests stratification requirement 6 wk+ stratification and may take 2 years to germinate Seed Germination Experiment Treatments: Direct Sow 24hr 500ppm GA soak 24hr 1000ppm GA soak 6 wk. stratification at 40F 24hr 500ppm GA + 6 wk. stratification 24hr 1000ppm GA + 6 wk. stratification Results No germination as of April 26 Vegetative Propagation Bulblets Scaling Micropropagation (Tissue Culture) Has been done with other Fritillaria species such as F. imperialis. Breeding and Selection Color A yellow and double-flowered cultivars exist Degree of speckling on flowers Fragrance or lack of Consistent flowering, flower numbers and flower size Said to be “shy-flowering” Height Can vary from 8-24 inches Flower faster from seed Floriculture Uses Herbaceous Perennial USDA Zone 4-8(?) Specialty Cut Flower Fritillaria generally make good cut flowers Unique color Malodorous Flowering potted plant Could be forced Herbaceous Perennial Traits Shade tolerant Salt tolerant Tolerant of wet soils Unique flower color Flowers early summer Heat tolerant? Likely requires shade outside the native range Market Appeal Not well known http://www.ahs.org/publications/heat_zone_map.htm Flower color Production Bulbs require cold treatment No photoperiod requirement Acidic medium pH about 6.0 Prefers cool temperatures Container 6” pot Timing Around the time it would naturally flower Production could be staggered to provide and extended period of blooming plants for sale Production Schedule: Total Time of Weeks of 27 Weeks Cooling 15 Weeks at 40-45º Emergence 1 week at 60°F, no light required Emergence to Visible Bud Highly temperature dependent 5 weeks at 65°F day, 55°F night Dissect to perform leaf counts and measure leaf unfolding rates Visible Bud to Market Stage Highly temperature dependent Market Stage is swollen flower buds showing color 6 weeks at 65°F day, 55°F night Production Parameters Light Natural daylength without supplemental light Shade cloth during later stages Nutrition 100-200ppm N CLF Height Control DIF, Dip and PGR would require experimentation A-rest used on lilies PGR application would occur during the leaf unfolding stage Cooling Temperatures In F. imperialis 9 weeks at 48°F produced shorter plants than 3 weeks Fungicide treatment of bulb before cooling Pests and diseases unknown Production Timetable for Minnesota Shipping Date Remove From Cooler June 1 March 1 June 15 March 15 July 1 April 1 References Fritillaria camschatcensis, 2003. Washington State DNR. http://www.dnr.wa.gov/nhp/refdesk/fguide/pdf/fricam.pdf Indian Rice, 2007. USDA http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=FRCA5 Jeffers-Brown, M and Pratt, K. 1997. The Gardener’s Guide to Growing Frittilaries. Timber Press. Portland, OR. Phillips, R. and Rix, M. 2002. The Botanical Garden II: Perennials and Annuals. Firefly Books Ltd. Ontario, Canada. Smith, T.M. 2003. Production of Hybrid Lilies as Pot Plants. Umass Extension http://www.umass.edu/umext/floriculture/fact_sheets/specific_crops/lily.html van Leeuwen, P.J., Trompert, J.P.T. and van der Weijden, J.A. 2002. THE FORCING OF FRITILLARIA IMPERIALIS L. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 570:165-169 van Leeuwen, P.J. and Dop, A.J. 1990. Effects of Storage, Cooling and Greenhouse Conditions on Anemone blanda, Fritillaria meleagris and Oxalis adenophylla for Use as a Pot Plant. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 266: 101-107. .
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