Pattern of Aorto-Iliac Occlusion
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Evaluation of Artery Visualizations for Heart Disease Diagnosis
Evaluation of Artery Visualizations for Heart Disease Diagnosis Michelle A. Borkin, Student Member, IEEE, Krzysztof Z. Gajos, Amanda Peters, Dimitrios Mitsouras, Simone Melchionna, Frank J. Rybicki, Charles L. Feldman, and Hanspeter Pfister, Senior Member, IEEE Fig. 1. Left: Traditional 2D projection (A) of a single artery, and 3D representation (C) of a right coronary artery tree with a rainbow color map. Right: 2D tree diagram representation (B) and equivalent 3D representation (D) of a left coronary artery tree with a diverging color map. Abstract—Heart disease is the number one killer in the United States, and finding indicators of the disease at an early stage is critical for treatment and prevention. In this paper we evaluate visualization techniques that enable the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. A key physical quantity of medical interest is endothelial shear stress (ESS). Low ESS has been associated with sites of lesion formation and rapid progression of disease in the coronary arteries. Having effective visualizations of a patient’s ESS data is vital for the quick and thorough non-invasive evaluation by a cardiologist. We present a task taxonomy for hemodynamics based on a formative user study with domain experts. Based on the results of this study we developed HemoVis, an interactive visualization application for heart disease diagnosis that uses a novel 2D tree diagram representation of coronary artery trees. We present the results of a formal quantitative user study with domain experts that evaluates the effect of 2D versus 3D artery representations and of color maps on identifying regions of low ESS. We show statistically significant results demonstrating that our 2D visualizations are more accurate and efficient than 3D representations, and that a perceptually appropriate color map leads to fewer diagnostic mistakes than a rainbow color map. -
PERIPHERAL VASCULATURE Average Vessel Diameter
PERIPHERAL VASCULATURE Average Vessel Diameter A Trio of Technologies. Peripheral Embolization Solutions A Single Solution. Fathom™ Steerable Guidewires Total Hypotube Tip Proximal/ UPN Length (cm) Length (cm) Length (cm) Distal O.D. Hepatic, Gastro-Intestinal and Splenic Vasculature 24 8-10 mm Common Iliac Artery 39 2-4 mm Internal Pudendal Artery M00150 900 0 140 10 10 cm .016 in 25 6-8 mm External Iliac Artery 40 2-4 mm Middle Rectal M00150 901 0 140 20 20 cm .016 in 26 4-6 mm Internal Iliac Artery 41 2-4 mm Obturator Artery M00150 910 0 180 10 10 cm .016 in 27 5-8 mm Renal Vein 42 2-4 mm Inferior Vesical Artery 28 43 M00150 911 0 180 20 20 cm .016 in 15-25 mm Vena Cava 2-4 mm Superficial Epigastric Artery 29 44 M00150 811 0 200 10 10 cm pre-shaped .014 in 6-8 mm Superior Mesenteric Artery 5-8 mm Femoral Artery 30 3-5 mm Inferior Mesenteric Artery 45 2-4 mm External Pudendal Artery M00150 810 0 200 10 10 cm .014 in 31 1-3 mm Intestinal Arteries M00150 814 0 300 10 10 cm .014 in 32 Male 2-4 mm Superior Rectal Artery A M00150 815 0 300 10 10 cm .014 in 33 1-3 mm Testicular Arteries 1-3 mm Middle Sacral Artery B 1-3 mm Testicular Veins 34 2-4 mm Inferior Epigastric Artery Direxion™ Torqueable Microcatheters 35 2-4 mm Iliolumbar Artery Female 36 2-4 mm Lateral Sacral Artery C 1-3 mm Ovarian Arteries Usable 37 D UPN Tip Shape RO Markers 3-5 mm Superior Gluteal Artery 1-3 mm Ovarian Veins Length (cm) 38 2-4 mm Inferior Gluteal Artery E 2-4 mm Uterine Artery M001195200 105 Straight 1 M001195210 130 Straight 1 M001195220 155 Straight 1 Pelvic -
Surgical Anatomy of the Common Iliac Veins During Para-Aortic and Pelvic Lymphadenectomy for Gynecologic Cancer
Original Article J Gynecol Oncol Vol. 25, No. 1:64-69 http://dx.doi.org/10.3802/jgo.2014.25.1.64 pISSN 2005-0380·eISSN 2005-0399 Surgical anatomy of the common iliac veins during para-aortic and pelvic lymphadenectomy for gynecologic cancer Kazuyoshi Kato, Shinichi Tate, Kyoko Nishikimi, Makio Shozu Department of Gynecology, Chiba University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan See accompanying editorial by Lee on page 1. Objective: Compression of the left common iliac vein between the right common iliac artery and the vertebrae is known to be associated with the occurrence of left iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In this study, we described the variability in vascular anatomy of the common iliac veins and evaluated the relationship between the degree of iliac vein compression and the presence of DVT using the data from surgeries for gynecologic cancer. Methods: The anatomical variations and the degrees of iliac vein compression were determined in 119 patients who underwent systematic para-aortic and pelvic lymphadenectomy during surgery for primary gynecologic cancer. Their medical records were reviewed with respect to patient-, disease-, and surgery-related data. Results: The degrees of common iliac vein compression were classified into three grades: grade A (n=28, 23.5%), with a calculated percentage of 0%-25% compression; grade B (n=47, 39.5%), with a calculated percentage of 26%-50% compression; and grade C (n=44, 37%), with a calculated percentage of more than 50% compression. Seven patients (5.9%) had common iliac veins with anomalous anatomies; three were divided into small caliber vessels, two with a flattened structure, and two had double inferior vena cavae. -
Multiple Variations of Branches of Abdominal Aorta Salve V M , Ratanprabha C
KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL JOURNAL Multiple Variations of Branches of Abdominal Aorta Salve V M , Ratanprabha C Dept.Of Anatomy ABSTRACT: Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute Of Medical The Abdominal aorta and its major branches supply oxygenated blood to nearly Sciences & Reasearch Foundation, all the organs in the abdominal cavity. During routine dissection (January 2009) of a middle aged male cadaver at Dr. PSIMS, Gannavaram, Krishna Dist. (INDIA), Chinnaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, the following variations of branches of abdominal aorta were found. The coeliac Krishna District, A.P. India trunk gave off three branches. The first branch was left inferior phrenic artery which arose directly from coeliac trunk. The second branch bifurcates into left gastric artery and accessory hepatic artery for left lobe of liver. The second branch gave off splenic artery and common hepatic artery. The right testicular artery took its origin from right aberrant renal artery. This variation was associated with the presence CORRESPONDING of bilateral aberrant renal arteries for lower poles of both kidneys arising from abdominal aorta and aberrant renal arteries bilateral for upper poles originating Dr Vishal M. Salve from the renal arteries. Anatomical variation of testicular arteries is reported to be 4.7 %. Apart from creating hazards during abdominal surgery, vascular variation can Associate Professor also become a technical problem for infusion therapy and chemoembolisation of neoplasm in the liver. Dept.Of Anatomy KEY WORDS Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute Of Medical Sciences & Reasearch Foundation, Abdominal aorta, celiac trunk, aberrant renal arteries, accessory hepatic artery, inferior phrenic artery, splenic artery. Chinnaoutpalli, Gannavaram Mandal, Krishna District, A.P, India E-mail: [email protected] Citation Salve V M, Ratanprabha C. -
Transection of Common Iliac Arteries and Veins Bilaterally a Survival After Bilateral Temporary Arterial Shunts and a Unique Postoperative Complication
European Journal of Trauma Case Study Transection of Common Iliac Arteries and Veins Bilaterally A Survival after Bilateral Temporary Arterial Shunts and a Unique Postoperative Complication Eric J. Kuncir, Demetrios Demetriades1 Abstract Case Study This is an unusual case report of a victim of a single J.M., a 23-year-old Hispanic male, sustained a single gunshot wound with transection of all four common gunshot wound to the left flank at about the mid axillary iliac vessels. The patient developed preoperative car- line at the level of the umbilicus. Los Angeles County diac arrest for which he underwent a successful resus- Paramedics responded quickly to the scene, and the citative thoracotomy. The iliac veins were managed by patient was unresponsive and had no obtainable vital ligation and the iliac arteries were stented as part of signs during transport. The patient arrived in the trauma damage control. The patient developed delayed acute room at LAC + USC 7 min later. Primary survey anuria due to ureteric obstruction secondary to bilater- revealed agonal respirations, a faintly palpable carotid al infected false iliac artery aneurysms. Reoperation pulse, and Glasgow Coma Score of 4. There was no visi- with ligation of the arteries and extra-anatomic ble active bleeding from a single wound to the left flank. axillofemoral and femorofemoral bypass was success- The patient was intubated by rapid sequence induction ful. The patient survived with weakness of the lower and was taken directly to the operating room (OR) extremities. without any investigation. He lost pulses during trans- port and a resuscitative left thoracotomy simultaneous Key Words with a midline laparotomy were performed in the OR 15 Iliac vessels · Damage control · False aneurysms min after initial arrival to the hospital. -
Anatomy of the Visceral Branches of the Iliac Arteries in Newborns
MOJ Anatomy & Physiology Research Article Open Access Anatomy of the visceral branches of the iliac arteries in newborns Abstract Volume 6 Issue 2 - 2019 The arising of the branches of the internal iliac artery is very variable and exceeds in this 1 2 feature the arterial system of any other area of the human body. In the literature, there is Valchkevich Dzmitry, Valchkevich Aksana enough information about the anatomy of the branches of the iliac arteries in adults, but 1Department of normal anatomy, Grodno State Medical only a few research studies on children’s material. The material of our investigation was University, Belarus 23 cadavers of newborns without pathology of vascular system. Significant variability of 2Department of clinical laboratory diagnostic, Grodno State iliac arteries of newborns was established; the presence of asymmetry in their structure was Medical University, Belarus shown. The dependence of the anatomy of the iliac arteries of newborns on the sex was revealed. Compared with adults, the iliac arteries of newborns and children have different Correspondence: Valchkevich Dzmitry, Department structure, which should be taken into account during surgical operations. of anatomy, Grodno State Medical University, Belarus, Tel +375297814545, Email Keywords: variant anatomy, arteries of the pelvis, sex differences, correlation, newborn Received: March 31, 2019 | Published: April 26, 2019 Introduction morgue. Two halves of each cadaver’s pelvis was involved in research, so 46 specimens were used in total: 18 halves were taken from boy’s Diseases of the cardiovascular system are one of the leading cadavers (9 left and 9 right) and 27 ones from the girls cadavers (14 problems of modern medicine. -
Anomalous Retro-Psoas Iliac Artery Is an Extremely Rare Congenital Iliolumbar Vascular ( Anomaly
J Korean Soc Radiol 2020;81(6):1511-1516 Case Report https://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2020.0002 pISSN 1738-2637 / eISSN 2288-2928 Received January 4, 2020 Revised February 15, 2020 Accepted April 9, 2020 Anomalous Retro-Psoas Iliac *Corresponding author Youngjun Kim, MD Department of Radiology, Artery: A Case Report Presbyterian Medical Center, 365 Seowon-ro, Wansan-gu, 허리근뒤 이상 온엉덩동맥: 증례 보고 Jeonju 54987, Korea. Tel 82-63-230-8006 Beum Jin Kim, MD , Youngjun Kim, MD* Fax 82-63-230-8387 E-mail [email protected] Department of Radiology, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribu- tion Non-Commercial License The anomalous retro-psoas iliac artery is an extremely rare congenital iliolumbar vascular (https://creativecommons.org/ anomaly. A 51-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with worsening right licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial lower extremity pain and weakness for 3 months. CT angiography of the right lower extremity use, distribution, and reproduc- showed no evidence of stenosis in the lower extremity arteries and the incidental finding of an tion in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. anomalous right retro-psoas iliac artery. Herein, we report a rare case of anomalous retro-pso- as iliac artery. Surgeons and clinicians need to be aware of this rare congenital anomaly to avoid severe complications during pelvic or orthopedic surgery. ORCID iDs Beum Jin Kim Index terms Iliac Artery; Congenital Abnormalities; Cardiovascular Abnormalities https:// orcid.org/0000-0002-9111-5617 Youngjun Kim https:// orcid.org/0000-0003-4638-9229 INTRODUCTION The anomalous retro-psoas iliac artery is an extremely rare congenital iliolumbar vascular anomaly (1-5). -
Case Report-Iliac Artery.Pdf
Internal iliac artery variations Rev Arg de Anat Clin; 2012, 4 (1): 25-28 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Case report VARIATIONS IN THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY IN AN ADULT MALE – A CASE REPORT Satheesha Nayak B*, Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla, Narendra Pamidi, Raghu Jetti Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal University, Manipal, Udupi District, Karnataka State, India RESUMEN INTRODUCTION Variaciones en el patrón de ramificación de la arteria ilíaca interna son ocasionalmente encontradas en las Internal iliac artery is one of the terminal disecciones cadavéricas y las cirugías. Algunas de las branches of the common iliac artery. It supplies variaciones son de importancia quirúrgica y clínica e the organs of the pelvis and the proximal part of ignorarlas podría derivar en alarmantes sangrados the thigh, the gluteal region and the perineum. A durante las prácticas quirúrgicas. Evaluamos las number of complications can be caused when the variantes en el patrón de la arteria ilíaca interna en un cadáver masculino. La división de la arteria ilíaca artery or its branches are damaged during interna dio origen a las arterias rectal media y surgery. The complications include buttock obturatriz. La arteria vesical superior tenía su origen claudication, sexual dysfunction, colon ischemia, en la arteria obturatriz. La división posterior de la and distal spinal cord infarction and gluteal arteria ilíaca interna dio lugar a las arterias iliolumbar, necrosis. Normally the artery divides into anterior sacra lateral, glútea superior y pudenda interna. La and posterior divisions. The anterior division in arteria glútea inferior estaba ausente. males gives superior vesical, inferior vesical, Palabras clave: Arteria ilíaca interna; vasos pélvicos; middle rectal, obturator, internal pudendal and arteria glútea inferior; arteria obturatriz; arteria vesical inferior gluteal arteries. -
Abdominal Aorta - Bilateral Arterial Variations
Original Research Article Abdominal aorta - Bilateral arterial variations K Satheesh Naik1*, M Gurushanthaiah2 1Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy, Viswabharathi Medical College and General Hospital, Penchikalapadu, Kurnool, Andhrapradesh, INDIA. 2Professor, Department of Anatomy, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, INDIA Email: [email protected] Abstract Background: The abdominal aorta is an important artery in various abdominal surgeries. Hence, the aim of this study was to observe the variations in the branching pattern of abdominal aorta in cadavers. Material and Methods: We Dissected 40 cadavers of both the sex for Medical under graduates and came across the variations in branching pattern of abdominal aorta in about 3 male cadavers, bilaterally and variations were photographed. Results: In Laparoscopic surgeries and kidney transplantation Variations in the branching pattern of the aorta was clinically important. We observed bilateral accessory renal arteries arising from abdominal aorta; coeliac trunk gives rise to a common arterial trunk, which divides into left inferior phrenic and Left middle suprarenal arteries. Left superior suprarenal artery was arising from left inferior phrenic artery and left inferior suprarenal artery normally arising from left renal artery. We also studied the right inferior phrenic artery arising from abdominal aorta below the origin of coeliac trunk, and gives rise to right superior suprarenal artery. Right inferior suprarenal artery was arising from right accessory renal artery; right middle suprarenal artery was absent. We also observed Right gonadal artery was arising from ventral surface of abdominal aorta and left gonadal artery was arising from right accessory renal artery. Conclusion: The knowledge of arterial variations in radio diagnostic interventions and legating blood vessels in abdominal surgeries is useful for the surgeons. -
Major Arteries of the Body Doctors Notes Notes/Extra Explanation Please View Our Editing File Before Studying This Lecture to Check for Any Changes
Color Code Important Major Arteries of the Body Doctors Notes Notes/Extra explanation Please view our Editing File before studying this lecture to check for any changes. Objectives At the end of the lecture, the student should be able to: ✓Define the word ‘artery’ and understand the general principles of the arterial system. ✓Define arterial anastomosis and describe its significance. ✓Define end arteries and give examples. ✓Describe the aorta and its divisions & list the branches from each part. ✓List major arteries and their distribution in the head & neck, thorax, abdomen and upper & lower extremities. ✓List main pulse points. Arteries o Arteries carry blood from the heart to the body. o All arteries, carry oxygenated blood, o EXCEPT the PULMONARY ARTERY (and the umbilical artery in the fetus) which carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. (basically whatever brings blood ( with or without O2 )is vein , and what takes blood away from heart ( with or without O2 ) is artery. General Principles Of Arteries o The flow of blood depends on the pumping action of the heart. o Arteries have ELASTIC WALL containing NO VALVES. unlike veins which need valves to keep the flow against gravity. o The branches of arteries supplying adjacent areas normally ANASTOMOSE with one another freely (especially in places where we need a rich blood supply) providing backup routes for blood to flow if one artery is blocked, e.g. arteries of limbs. o The arteries whose terminal branches do not anastomose with branches of adjacent arteries are called “END ARTERIES”. End arteries are of two types: • Anatomic (True) End Artery: When NO anastomosis exists, e.g. -
Arterial Variations of the Subclavian-Axillary Arterial Tree: Its Association with the Supply of the Rotator Cuff Muscles
Int. J. Morphol., 32(4):1436-1443, 2014. Arterial Variations of the Subclavian-Axillary Arterial Tree: Its Association with the Supply of the Rotator Cuff Muscles Variaciones Arteriales del Árbol Arterial Subclavio-Axilar. Su Asociación con la Irrigación del Manguito de los Rotadores N. Naidoo*; L. Lazarus*; B. Z. De Gama*; N. O. Ajayi* & K. S. Satyapal* NAIDOO, N.; LAZARUS, L.; DE GAMA, B. Z.; AJAYI, N. O. & SATYAPAL, K. S. Arterial variations of the subclavian-axillary arterial tree: Its association with the supply of the rotator cuff muscles. Int. J. Morphol., 32(4):1436-1443, 2014. SUMMARY: The subclavian-axillary arterial tree is responsible for the arterial supply to the rotator cuff muscles as well as other shoulder muscles. This study comprised the bilateral dissection of the shoulder and upper arm region in thirty-one adult and nineteen fetal cadaveric specimens. The variable origins and branching patterns of the axillary, subscapular, circumflex scapular, thoracodorsal, posterior circumflex humeral and suprascapular arteries identified in this study corroborated the findings of previous studies. In addition, unique variations that are unreported in the literature were also observed. The precise anatomy of the arterial distribution to the rotator cuff muscles is important to the surgeon and radiologist. It will aid proper interpretation of radiographic images and avoid injury to this area during surgical procedures. KEY WORDS: Subclavian-axillary arterial tree; Variations; Supply; Rotator cuff muscles. INTRODUCTION Standard anatomical textbooks divide the axillary identified by Saralaya et al. (2008) to arise as a large artery into three parts using its relation to the pectoralis minor collateral branch from the first part of the axillary artery muscle (Salopek et al., 2007). -
Journal of Neurology Research Review & Reports
Journal of Neurology Research Review & Reports Case Report Open Access Bilateral Tortuous Upper Limb Arterial Tree and Their Clinical Significance Alka Bhingardeo Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar ABSTRACT The detailed knowledge about the possible anatomical variations of upper limb arteries is vital for the reparative surgery of the region. Brachial artery is the main artery of upper limb; it is a continuation of axillary artery from the lower border of teres major muscle. During routine cadaveric dissection, we found bilateral tortuous brachial artery which was superficial as well as tortuous throughout its course. It is called superficial as it was superficial to the median nerve. At the neck of radius, it was divided into two terminal branches radial and ulnar arteries which were also tortuous. Tortuosity of the radial artery was more near the flexor retinaculum. When observed, the continuation of ulnar artery as superficial palmar arch also showed tortuosity throughout, including its branches. Being superficial such brachial artery can be more prone to trauma. Tortuous radial artery is one of the causes of access failure in trans-radial approach of coronary interventions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case where entire post axillary upper limb arterial system is tortuous bilaterally. So knowledge of such tortuous upper limb arterial tree is important for cardiologist, radiologist, plastic surgeons and orthopedic surgeons. *Corresponding author Alka Bhingardeo, Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India, Mob: 8080096151, Email: [email protected] Received: November 08, 2020; Accepted: November 16, 2020; Published: November 21, 2020 Keywords: Radial Artery, Superficial Brachial Artery, Tortuous, Brachial Artery Ulnar Artery, Upper Limb The brachial artery commenced from the axillary artery at the lower border of teres major muscle.