Post-Graduate Syllabus & Regulations --- Department of Pali
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Colonial Indian Architecture:A Historical Overview
Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology Issn No : 1006-7930 Colonial Indian Architecture:A Historical Overview Debobrat Doley Research Scholar, Dept of History Dibrugarh University Abstract: The British era is a part of the subcontinent’s long history and their influence is and will be seen on many societal, cultural and structural aspects. India as a nation has always been warmly and enthusiastically acceptable of other cultures and ideas and this is also another reason why many changes and features during the colonial rule have not been discarded or shunned away on the pretense of false pride or nationalism. As with the Mughals, under European colonial rule, architecture became an emblem of power, designed to endorse the occupying power. Numerous European countries invaded India and created architectural styles reflective of their ancestral and adopted homes. The European colonizers created architecture that symbolized their mission of conquest, dedicated to the state or religion. The British, French, Dutch and the Portuguese were the main European powers that colonized parts of India.So the paper therefore aims to highlight the growth and development Colonial Indian Architecture with historical perspective. Keywords: Architecture, British, Colony, European, Modernism, India etc. INTRODUCTION: India has a long history of being ruled by different empires, however, the British rule stands out for more than one reason. The British governed over the subcontinent for more than three hundred years. Their rule eventually ended with the Indian Independence in 1947, but the impact that the British Raj left over the country is in many ways still hard to shake off. -
Ontology of Consciousness
Ontology of Consciousness Percipient Action edited by Helmut Wautischer A Bradford Book The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England ( 2008 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or me- chanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please e-mail [email protected] or write to Special Sales Depart- ment, The MIT Press, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142. This book was set in Stone Serif and Stone Sans on 3B2 by Asco Typesetters, Hong Kong, and was printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ontology of consciousness : percipient action / edited by Helmut Wautischer. p. cm. ‘‘A Bradford book.’’ Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-23259-3 (hardcover : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-262-73184-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Consciousness. 2. Philosophical anthropology. 3. Culture—Philosophy. 4. Neuropsychology— Philosophy. 5. Mind and body. I. Wautischer, Helmut. B105.C477O58 2008 126—dc22 2006033823 10987654321 Index Abaluya culture (Kenya), 519 as limitation of Turing machines, 362 Abba Macarius of Egypt, 166 as opportunity, 365, 371 Abhidharma in dualism, person as extension of matter, as guides to Buddhist thought and practice, 167, 454 10–13, 58 in focus of attention, 336 basic content, 58 in measurement of intervals, 315 in Asanga’s ‘‘Compendium of Abhidharma’’ in regrouping of elements, 335, 344 (Abhidharma-samuccaya), 67 in technical causality, 169, 177 in Maudgalyayana’s ‘‘On the Origin of shamanic separation from body, 145 Designations’’ Prajnapti–sastra,73 Action, 252–268. -
Buddhism and Responses to Disability, Mental Disorders and Deafness in Asia
Buddhism and Responses to Disability, Mental Disorders and Deafness in Asia. A bibliography of historical and modern texts with introduction and partial annotation, and some echoes in Western countries. [This annotated bibliography of 220 items suggests the range and major themes of how Buddhism and people influenced by Buddhism have responded to disability in Asia through two millennia, with cultural background. Titles of the materials may be skimmed through in an hour, or the titles and annotations read in a day. The works listed might take half a year to find and read.] M. Miles (compiler and annotator) West Midlands, UK. November 2013 Available at: http://www.independentliving.org/miles2014a and http://cirrie.buffalo.edu/bibliography/buddhism/index.php Some terms used in this bibliography Buddhist terms and people. Buddhism, Bouddhisme, Buddhismus, suffering, compassion, caring response, loving kindness, dharma, dukkha, evil, heaven, hell, ignorance, impermanence, kamma, karma, karuna, metta, noble truths, eightfold path, rebirth, reincarnation, soul, spirit, spirituality, transcendent, self, attachment, clinging, delusion, grasping, buddha, bodhisatta, nirvana; bhikkhu, bhikksu, bhikkhuni, samgha, sangha, monastery, refuge, sutra, sutta, bonze, friar, biwa hoshi, priest, monk, nun, alms, begging; healing, therapy, mindfulness, meditation, Gautama, Gotama, Maitreya, Shakyamuni, Siddhartha, Tathagata, Amida, Amita, Amitabha, Atisha, Avalokiteshvara, Guanyin, Kannon, Kuan-yin, Kukai, Samantabhadra, Santideva, Asoka, Bhaddiya, Khujjuttara, -
The Foundation of the Bhikkhunīsamgha
Sonderdrucke aus der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg OSKAR VON HINÜBER The Foundation of the Bhikkhunīsamgha A contribution to the Earliest History of Buddhism Originalbeitrag erschienen in: Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2007, 11 (2008), S. [3]-29 The Foundation of the Bhikkhunisanigha A Contribution to the Earliest History of Buddhism Oskar von HINÜBER The revival of the ordination of nuns in the Theravada tradition is a long-standing issue of much, sometimes heated discussion culminating in a conference on this topic held in Hamburg'. This was an opportunity to reread the Vinaya of this school in order to trace possible obstacles to, or to find opportunities for the renewal of the bhikkhunt ordination. The best way to begin such an investigation seems to be a look back in history, to turn once again to the foundation of order of nuns as related in the Cullavagga of the Theravdda-Vinaya. This well known story is related in the Vinayapitaka in the tenth and last chapter of the Cullavagga that is at the end of the Khandhaka portion followed by two chapters on the first two councils at Rajagaha and VesälT, which may be considered as some sort of appendix treating events after the death of the Buddha. It is equally well known that the structure of the Khandhaka, that is Mandvagga and Cullavagga, is determined by the life story of the Buddha 2 : At the beginning of the text the enlightenment is described. Then follows in natural order the first sermon and the description of the foundation of the bhikkhusarngha, the order of monks, together with all the rules necessary to run the ever-growing Buddhist community. -
Chronology of the Pali Canon Bimala Churn Law, Ph.D., M.A., B.L
Chronology of the Pali Canon Bimala Churn Law, Ph.D., M.A., B.L. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Researchnstitute, Poona, pp.171-201 Rhys Davids in his Buddhist India (p. 188) has given a chronological table of Buddhist literature from the time of the Buddha to the time of Asoka which is as follows:-- 1. The simple statements of Buddhist doctrine now found, in identical words, in paragraphs or verses recurring in all the books. 2. Episodes found, in identical words, in two or more of the existing books. 3. The Silas, the Parayana, the Octades, the Patimokkha. 4. The Digha, Majjhima, Anguttara, and Samyutta Nikayas. 5. The Sutta-Nipata, the Thera-and Theri-Gathas, the Udanas, and the Khuddaka Patha. 6. The Sutta Vibhanga, and Khandhkas. 7. The Jatakas and the Dhammapadas. 8. The Niddesa, the Itivuttakas and the Patisambbhida. 9. The Peta and Vimana-Vatthus, the Apadana, the Cariya-Pitaka, and the Buddha-Vamsa. 10. The Abhidhamma books; the last of which is the Katha-Vatthu, and the earliest probably the Puggala-Pannatti. This chronological table of early Buddhist; literature is too catechetical, too cut and dried, and too general to be accepted in spite of its suggestiveness as a sure guide to determination of the chronology of the Pali canonical texts. The Octades and the Patimokkha are mentioned by Rhys Davids as literary compilations representing the third stage in the order of chronology. The Pali title corresponding to his Octades is Atthakavagga, the Book of Eights. The Book of Eights, as we have it in the Mahaniddesa or in the fourth book of the Suttanipata, is composed of sixteen poetical discourses, only four of which, namely, (1.) Guhatthaka, (2) Dutthatthaka. -
Ambedkar and the Dalit Buddhist Movement in India (1950- 2000)
International Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences Volume 2 Issue 6 ǁ July 2017. www.ijahss.com Ambedkar and The Dalit Buddhist Movement in India (1950- 2000) Dr. Shaji. A Faculty Member, Department of History School of Distance Education University of Kerala, Palayam, Thiruvananthapuram Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was one of the most remarkable men of his time, and the story of his life is the story of his exceptional talent and outstanding force of character which helped him to succeed in overcoming some of the most formidable obstacles that an unjust and oppressive society has ever placed in the way of an individual. His contribution to the cause of Dalits has undoubtedly been the most significant event in 20th century India. Ambedkar was a man whose genius extended over diverse issues of human affairs. Born to Mahar parents, he would have been one of the many untouchables of his times, condemned to a life of suffering and misery, had he not doggedly overcome the oppressive circumstances of his birth to rise to pre-eminence in India‘s public life. The centre of life of Ambedkar was his devotion to the liberation of the backward classes and he struggled to find a satisfactory ideological expression for that liberation. He won the confidence of the- untouchables and became their supreme leader. To mobilise his followers he established organisations such as the Bahishkrit Hitkarni Sabha, Independent Labour Party and later All India Scheduled Caste Federation. He led a number of temple-entry Satyagrahas, organized the untouchables, established many educational institutions and propagated his views through newspapers like the 'Mooknayak', 'Bahishkrit Bharat' and 'Janata'. -
Secondary Indian Culture and Heritage
Culture: An Introduction MODULE - I Understanding Culture Notes 1 CULTURE: AN INTRODUCTION he English word ‘Culture’ is derived from the Latin term ‘cult or cultus’ meaning tilling, or cultivating or refining and worship. In sum it means cultivating and refining Ta thing to such an extent that its end product evokes our admiration and respect. This is practically the same as ‘Sanskriti’ of the Sanskrit language. The term ‘Sanskriti’ has been derived from the root ‘Kri (to do) of Sanskrit language. Three words came from this root ‘Kri; prakriti’ (basic matter or condition), ‘Sanskriti’ (refined matter or condition) and ‘vikriti’ (modified or decayed matter or condition) when ‘prakriti’ or a raw material is refined it becomes ‘Sanskriti’ and when broken or damaged it becomes ‘vikriti’. OBJECTIVES After studying this lesson you will be able to: understand the concept and meaning of culture; establish the relationship between culture and civilization; Establish the link between culture and heritage; discuss the role and impact of culture in human life. 1.1 CONCEPT OF CULTURE Culture is a way of life. The food you eat, the clothes you wear, the language you speak in and the God you worship all are aspects of culture. In very simple terms, we can say that culture is the embodiment of the way in which we think and do things. It is also the things Indian Culture and Heritage Secondary Course 1 MODULE - I Culture: An Introduction Understanding Culture that we have inherited as members of society. All the achievements of human beings as members of social groups can be called culture. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 233 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2018) On a Logical Reconstruction of the Kathavatthu Andrew Schumann University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow Rzeszow, Poland E-mail: [email protected] Abstract—The Kathavatthu is one of the treatises of the Formally: Abhidhamma Pitaka of the Pali Canon. This treatise contains many different syllogisms – first of all, modus ponens and (A B) (C D); (C D) modus tollens. It is quite unique, because the same huge —————————————— number of syllogisms involved into reasoning are contained only in the Milindapanha – another treatise of the (A B). Abhidhamma Pitaka. Usually, the authors of the Pali Canon do not appeal to pure syllogisms. In this paper, I show that Another example of correct syllogism as a modification syllogisms play rather a rhetoric role in the Kathavatthu. So, of modus tollens is logically formulated in the Kathāvatthu the author of the Kathavatthu had no excellent competence in as follows: ‗If D be denied of C, then B should have been logic because there are many sophisms among correct denied of A. But you affirmed B of A. Therefore, that B can syllogisms and in the Kathavatthu there is no requirement to be affirmed of A, but not D of C, is wrong,‘ or in the simpler give examples in syllogisms. But the latter requirement is one way: ‗If C is not D, then A is not B. But A is B. Therefore C of the principal ideas of the Indian logic to give examples for is D‘ [3]. -
Sects & Sectarianism
Sects & Sectarianism Also by Bhikkhu Sujato through Santipada A History of Mindfulness How tranquillity worsted insight in the Pali canon Beginnings There comes a time when the world ends… Bhikkhuni Vinaya Studies Research & reflections on monastic discipline for Buddhist nuns A Swift Pair of Messengers Calm and insight in the Buddha’s words Dreams of Bhaddā Sex. Murder. Betrayal. Enlightenment. The story of a Buddhist nun. White Bones Red Rot Black Snakes A Buddhist mythology of the feminine SANTIPADA is a non-profit Buddhist publisher. These and many other works are available in a variety of paper and digital formats. http://santipada.org Sects & Sectarianism The origins of Buddhist schools BHIKKHU SUJATO SANTIPADA SANTIPADA Buddhism as if life matters Originally published by The Corporate Body of the Buddha Education Foundation, Taiwan, 2007. This revised edition published in 2012 by Santipada. Copyright © Bhikkhu Sujato 2007, 2012. Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 2.5 Australia You are free to Share—to copy, distribute and transmit the work under the follow- ing conditions: Attribution. You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). No Derivative Works. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. With the understanding that: Waiver—Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Other Rights—In no way are any of the following rights affected by the license: o Your fair dealing or fair use rights; o The author’s moral rights; o Rights other persons may have either in the work itself or in how the work is used, such as publicity or privacy rights. -
Drawing Portfolio of Vernacular Furniture : Punjab As Part of the Vernacular Furniture of North West India Project
Drawing Portfolio of Vernacular Furniture : Punjab as part of the Vernacular Furniture of North West India Project Design Innovation and South Asian Decorative Craft Resource Centre Arts and Crafts Collection (DICRC), CEPT University, Trust (SADACC), Ahmedabad, India. Norwich, UK. Drawing Portfolio of Vernacular Furniture : Punjab This Drawing Portfolio is one of the outputs of the project ‘Vernacular Furniture of North-West India’, an international collaborative research project between the Design Innovation and Craft Resource Centre (DICRC), CRDF, CEPT University, India, and the South Asian Decorative Art and Crafts Collection Trust (SADACC), UK. The project is generously funded by SADACC. The Portfolio was prepared as part of the third phase of the project in Punjab. More information on the vernacular furniture of Punjab can be found in the publication, Catalogue of Vernacular Furniture: Punjab by Rishav Jain, Mansi S Rao, Ben Cartwright and Abhishek Ruikar. The research will also be presented in a forthcoming book on the Vernacular Furniture of Punjab and Haryana. Project envisioned by: Other publications in the series: Dr. Philip Millward and Jeannie Millward, Founders & Trustees, SADACC Trust Drawing Portfolios: Jay Thakkar, Associate Professor, Faculty of Design, Executive Director & Co-founder, DICRC, CRDF, CEPT Drawing Portfolio of Vernacular Furniture: Gujarat University. Drawing Portfolio of Vernacular Furniture: Rajasthan Drawing Portfolio of Vernacular Furniture: Haryana Team: Project Lead: Rishav Jain Catalogues: Drawing Lead: Daksh Dev, Isha Bodawala Catalogue of Vernacular Furniture: Gujarat Drawing Advisor: Kireet Patel Catalogue of Vernacular Furniture: Rajasthan Drawing Supervisors: Abhishek Ruikar, Radha Devpura Catalogue of Vernacular Furniture: Punjab Publication Design: Rishav Jain Catalogue of Vernacular Furniture: Haryana Photographs by DICRC and SADACC team unless specified otherwise. -
13. Indian Architecture(5.6
Indian Architecture MODULE - V Painting, Performing Arts and Architecture Notes 13 INDIAN ARCHITECTURE t times it becomes very important to be reminded that we are that civilization which has spanned atleast 4,500 years and which has left its impact on Anearly everything in our lives and society. Imagine UNESCO has listed 830 World Heritage Sites, out of which 26 are in India. This is less than six other countries. Is this not a tangible proof of the creative genius and industry of this ancient land, people, and also of the gifts bestowed on it by nature. Be it the Bhimbetka’s pre historic rock art at one end or the innumerable palaces, mosques, temples, gurudwaras, churches or tombs and sprawling cities and solemn stupas. Going through the cities of Delhi, Agra, Jaipur, Mumbai and Calcutta etc. you find many beautiful buildings. Some are monuments, palaces, temples, churches, mosques and memorials. Many of them had their foundation before Christ and many after the coming of Christ. Many generations have been a part of this architecture which stands mighty and lofty reminding us of that glorious past which has been ours. This is because art and architecture forms an important part of Indian culture. Many distinctive features that we find in the architecture today developed throughout the long period of Indian history. The earliest and most remarkable evidence of Indian architecture is found in the cities of the Harappan Civilization which boast of a unique town planning. In the post Harappan period architectural styles have been classified as Hindu, Buddhist and Jain, The medieval period saw the synthesis of Persian and indigenous styles of architecture. -
District Health Society Begusarai
DISTRICT HEALTH ACTION PLAN 2012-2013 DISTRICT HEALTH SOCIETY BEGUSARAI-1- Foreword This District Health Action Plan (DHAP) is one of the key instruments to achieve NRHM goals. This plan is based on health needs of the district and recognizing the importance of Health in the process of economic and social development and improving the quality of life of our citizens, the Government of India has resolved to launch the National Rural Health Mission to carry out necessary architectural correction in the basic health care delivery system. After a thorough situation analysis of district health scenario this document has been prepared. In the plan, it is addressing health care needs of rural poor especially women and children, the teams have analyzed the coverage of poor women and children with preventive and primitive interventions, barriers in access to health care and spread of human resources catering health needs in the district. The focus has also been given on current availability of health care infrastructure in public/NGO/private sector, availability of wide range of providers. This DHAP has been evolved through a participatory and consultative process, wherein community and other stakeholders have participated and ascertained their specific health needs in villages, problems in accessing health services, especially poor women and children at local level. The goals of the Mission are to improve the availability of and access to quality health care by people, especially for those residing in rural areas, the poor, women and children. I need to congratulate the department of Health and Family Welfare and State Health Society of Bihar for their dynamic leadership of the health sector reform programme and we look forward to a rigorous and analytic documentation of their experiences so that we can learn from them and replicate successful strategies.