NEW AND HITHERTO UNKNOWN CASTES FROM THE CANAL ZONE, PANAMA 1

By THOS. E. SNYDER Entomologist, Forest Investigations, Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture INTRODUCTION lis Banks (fig. 1) and C. longicollis Banks convinced the writer that they The agricultural development of the should be included in Holmgren's sub- -Canal Zone and the clearing of the genus Lobitermes. C. dudleyi, on the dense growth of tropical jungle for other hand, is a and sup- banana, pineapple, avocado, and cacao presses thompsonae Snyder. Neither plantations will result in the killing of Banks's figures nor his description of many colonies of species that C. dudleyi indicates require a moist habitat. The intense that the soldier has Tieat of the tropical sun will render the the anterior margin ■decaying logs, stumps, and branches of the pronotum ser- on the ground and even the soil too rate, the distinctive dry and unsuitable for them. Large character of C.thomp- areas of the Zone already have been sonae, but the writer cleared of termites by the formation of has since examined Banks's type. Gatun Lake, which flooded the land, FIG. l.—Kalotermes thereby drowning the termite colonies Interesting bio- (Lobitermes)brevicollis: in the soil. Nevertheless, termites will logical notes were ob- Mandibles of soldier, tained on the habits showing marginal always constitute a serious problem in teeth. (From draw- Panama, and damage to the woodwork of Cylindrotermes ing made by camera and contents of buildings as well as andRhynchotermes; lucida) to living vegetation must be carefully Cylindrotermes (PI. guarded against. 1, B) lives under very similar condi- The writer spent the month of Feb- tions to species of Ami termes (beau- ruary, 1924, in the Canal Zone and monti) and Leucotermes. adjacent portions of the Republic of The termite fauna of Barro Colorado Panama, where several new and strik- Island in Gatun Lake, Canal Zone, the ing termites were collected by Messrs. J. Zetek, I. Molino, and himself. Dur- ing his visit a new subgenus, Uniformi- termes, of the genus Nasutitermes Banks was found, which contains two types of soldiers of similar form or shape. Species were found in two rare American genera, namely, Cylindro- termes Holmgren from Bolivia (species, nordenskiöldi Holmgren) and Rhyncho- termes Holmgren (a subgenus of Armi- FIG. 2.—Kalotermes (Lobitermes) longicollis: Man' dxbles of soldier, showing marginal teeth. (From termes Wasmann, from South America), drawing made by camera lucida) hitherto monotypic (species, perarmatus Snyder) ; neither genus had been found site of the new tropical research sta- previously in Panama. tion, was especially rich and interest- The three species in the genus Cryp- ing; 20 species, representing 15 genera totermes Banks found in Panama in or subgenera, occurring. At present the latter part of the nineteenth cen- only 36 species of termites, represent- tury by Dudley and Beaumont, who ing 22 genera or subgenera, have been gave no definite locality records, were found in Panama but it is believed that rediscovered, and the hitherto unknown many more species occur. The out- deälated adult of Cryptotermes longicol- lying regions of the Republic of Panama lis Banks was found (fig. 2), which will have not been explored for termites be described after more material has and doubtless South American species been obtained. A study of C. brevicol- will be found there. To the writer,

i Received for publication June 25,1924—issued January, 1925.

Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. XXIX, No. 4 Washington, D. C. Aug. 15, 1924 Key No. K-139 (179) 180 Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. XXIX, No. 4

Central America is an extremely inter- driven to attack the crops and buildings esting field for biological and taxonomic of man. In the moist tropical jungle, studies of termites. subterranean termites inhabiting wood Damage by termites to the wood- on the ground are often killed by the work of buildings in the Canal Zone is intense heat of the sun in clearings for common and severe, while injury to crops. living shade and fruit trees and other As a rule termites of subterranean vegetation is serious, healthy living habit must come above or near the sur- trees being attacked and killed. The face of the ground to procure their food, Bureau of Entomology has therefore which consists of wood, vegetation, or begun a series of experiments in the roots. To solve this difficulty, these Canal Zone with wood preservative soft-bodied, blind take the treatments to prevent termite damage ground and moisture out with them. to buildings, as well as tests of insecti- Even when working in the tops of lofty cides to kill Coptotermes infesting trees they are thus "below ground." trees. J. Zetek, of this bureau, sta- For protection and moisture they tioned at Ancon, Canal Zone, and the construct earthlike carton shelter tube& writer are cooperating in this work, of excreted wood and soil cemented to- some of which, through the courtesy of gether. Occasionally these run along: the Institute fcr Research in Tropical the ground, but more often mount in America, will be conducted at the site extensive ramifications to the tops of of their station on 'Barro Colorado the trees, meandering along every Island. branch and twig, and here and there The seven new species are Kalotermes debouching into large covered chambers panamae, K. (Glyptotermes) angustus, K. which occupy half the girth of the trunk. (G.) barbouri, and K. (G.) emarginicollis, Most trees in some regions are thus in the family , and Ar- fantastically plastered over with tubes, mitermes (Armitermes) chagresi, A. galleries, chambers of earth, and carton (Rhynchotermes) perarmatus, and Nasu- nests. titermes ( Unifor miter mes) barro-colora- Hence it will be seen that wood, no densis, in the family Termitidae. matter how dry, may be attacked by A list of the known termites of the subterranean termites if there is access Canal Zone and adjacent Panama is to the wood from the soil whence they appended. The present paper will be can obtain moisture. followed shortly by a longer biological paper discussing these termites, their GEOGEAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION distribution, economic importance, and control. Termites, although widespread, are not to be found in arctic regions or above timber line on mountains. They HABITS AND HABITATS occur in the temperate regions of the Unlike ants, termites 2 are not domi- world and in the tropics and subtrop- nant insects. They seldom come above ics, where termites reach their max- ground to forage in the direct sunlight, imum development. They have not and species which do forage above the wide range of distribution of ants, ground are specially modified. The nor are there as many species of ter- deeply pigmented, sexual adults possess mites as there are of ants. eyes and are phototropic at the time The more permanent nests and more of the annual colonizing flight, known stable colonies occur in the tropics. as the "swarm"; but after the flight, Colonies in temperate regions have but which is generally of short duration, poorly defined nests and are more the deälated adults rapidly become mobile; in the tropics specialized nest thigmotropic and seek shelter in or structures are the rule. under decaying wood on the ground or SOCIAL LIFE in crevices in dead trees. Most ter- mites are blind and live hidden within Unlike colonies of ants, termite col- wood, underground, or in carton tree onies are societies of sexual and sterile nests or mound nests on the ground. castes of both sexes. The male con- Colonies occur under a great variety tinues to cohabit with the female and of habitats—in the sands near sea copulation is repeated at intervals coasts, in forests, swamps, plains, arid throughout life. Although soft-bodied deserts, fields, orchards, and cities. By and usually blind and sensitive to light, the clearing of forest land in temperate termites are the longest-lived of all regions, subterranean termites are often insects. Reproductive adults may live

2 Termites, or "white ants," are termed "comixen" or "comején" in Cuba and Spanish Cen- tral America and South America, but are termed "cupim" in Brazil. New Termitesf rom the Canal Zone Plate 1 A.—Armitermes (Rhyndiolermrs) iirranimliix: Work i» decaying log on ground in jungle. B.— Cylivdrntfrmex narden'kiöldi: Work in branch on ground in inngle. C, D.—MiroiernUi paaamaemh: Eitorior und interior views of nest within dead coconut palm tree on ground where reproductive forms were found, Largo Remo Island, Canal Zone. Photographs by Zetek and Molino. 182 Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. XXIX, No. 4 for 25 years or more. There is a well- galleries. No internal insect parasites defined division of labor among work- of termites have been found and possi- ers, soldiers, and reproductive forms; bly this is due to the fact that termites all castes are polymorphic. have no resting stage (as immobile larvse or pupse) and the young or ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE nymphs are constantly active, except for short molting periods or quiescent Termites are very destructive to the stages. crops, habitations, and other works of man and cause millions of dollars worth TREDATORS of damage. The greatest usefulness of termites is in reducing wood to A great variety of odd and specially humus and turning over and aerating adapted prey on termites. the soil. They hasten the decompo- The most interesting of these are the sition of organic matter such as dead anteaters, and America contains several trees, decaying logs, and stumps, thus species of these peculiar mammals, enriching the soil. In the tropics of the largest of which is Myrmecophaga Africa and India termites plow and tridactyla Linnaeus. Dr. W. M. Mann harrow the soil in their burrowings found another species, Cyclopes didac- underground, and vegetation taken as tylus Linnaeus, a small, golden-yellow food by termites passes through their arboreal animal, feeding on termites in bodies to enrich the soil. By their Bolivia. A larger species, Tamanduá subterranean excavations, also, the tetradactyla Linnaeus (PL 2, A, B), also soil is kept in the constant circulation arboreal, preys on termites and often so conducive to proper productiveness. rare species of termites, ants, and Without the angleworms or earth- inquilines are found in the stomachs worms, ants, and termites, the soil of these anteaters if they are killed might become barren and incapable before the stomach contents are di- of supporting human life. gested. Although the motivations in the termite colony life are hunger, sex, and DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES OF fear, there are evidences that the TERMITES AND HITHERTO UN- workers regulate the life of the colony and are the "spirit of the colony/' KNOWN CASTES OF KNOWN as Maeterlinck has so aptly termed SPECIES the guiding force of colony life in the bee. Some of the actions of the Kalotermes panamae, new species. workers, however, can not be attributed to these impulses alone, as, for example, SOLDIER.—Head yellowish-brown, the seasonal slaughter of certain types darker anteriorly, over twice as long as of reproductive forms. There is a defi- broad, broadest posteriorly, slightly nite selective process in these killings narrower anteriorly, sides parallel which apparently works out for the (slightly concave in middle), a chi- welfare of colony life. tinized projection or knob between antennal socket and postclypeus, head FOOD with very dense fairly long hairs; eye spot hyaline, elongate, suboval, Cellulose is the chief food of termites parallel to front of head, epicranial and this is obtained not only from suture on slope of front of head, where living vegetation (living trees, roots, there is a slight depression; labrum etc.) but also from dead vegetation as rounded (broadly) at apex. Gula dead trees, plants, paper, etc. Recent one-half as wide at middle as at front. investigations by Cleveland have shown Mandibles blackish, base reddish that most termites have protozoa brown, broad at base, incurved at in the intestinal tract and these act as apex; left mandible with two prom- enzymes in the digestion of this inent pointed teeth near apex and cellulose. Most termites of the family three smaller teeth nearer base; right Termitidae, however, do not have mandible with two prominent teeth protozoa in the intestinal tract although near base (fig. 3). their food is in general similar to that of Antennae yellowish, third segment other termites. castaneous, of 14 segments, with long hairs; third segment subclavate, ap- INSECT ENEMIES proximately as long as fourth and fifth segments together; last segment Ants are the greatest insect enemies slender and subelliptical. of termites and yet certain species of Pronotum yellowish, margin darker, ants are pacific toward termites and as broad as head, broader than long live in their nests, although in separate (variable in size), broadly emarginate *.äk~'' ■ A "^ ■'- ■

New Termites from the Canal Zone Plate 2 A, B.—Tamanduá teiradactyla, an arboreal American onteater, in whose stomach were found rare termites, feeding on a carton termite nest. C, D.—ArmiteTmes (Armitermes) chagresi: View of exterior and section of termitanurn 20 inches wide, of soft earth on ground near decayed log in jungle, Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone. Photographs by Zctek and Molino. 184 Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. XXIX, No 4 anteriorly, not as deeply as in K. slightly longer and broader than second marginipennis Latreille, and slightly and much longer and broader than emarginate posteriorly, anterior margin fourth; fifth longer than fourth, seg- not dentate (fig. 4), sides rounded, ments becoming longer toward apex; with dense, fairly long hairs. last segment slender, shorter and sub- Legs yellowish, tibiae slightly brown- elliptical. ish, femora swollen, pubescent. Pronotum gray-white with pale yel- Abdomen dirty whitish gray, pubes- lowish tinge, darker (brownish) on cent, with row of long hairs on tergites margins, anterior margin broadly, near base; cerci present but not roundly but shallowly emarginate (con- prominent. cave), posterior margin convex, sides MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire rounded, anterior corners rounded and soldier: 9.50-11.00 mm. Length of somewhat raised, meson ota and meta- head with mandibles: 4.60-4.80 mm. nota with very short wing pads, with Length of head to anterior margin: scattered fairly long hairs. 2.90-3.50 mm. Length of left man- dible: 1.60-1.70 mm. Length of pro- Legs white with yellowish tinge, short, notum: 1.10-1.30 mm. Length of femora slightly swollen, pubescent, pul- hind tibia: 1.30-1.40 mm. Width of villus absent. head (where widest): 1.80-2.00 mm. Abdomen dirty white with yellowish Width of pronotum: 1.80-2.20 mm. tinge, with scattered shorter hairs and a TYPE LOCALITY.—Rio Chinilla, Canal row of long hairs near base of each ter- Zone, Panama. gite, cerci short. MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire soldier: 9.5-11.5 mm. Length of head with mandibles: 5.1 mm. Length of head to anterior margin: 3.3 mm. Length of left mandible: 1.8 mm. Length of pronotum : 1.2 mm. Length of hind tibia : 1.2 mm. Width of head : 2.1-2.2 mm. Width of pronotum: 2.1-2.2 mm. PIG. S. — Kalotermes FIG. 4—Kalotermes pan- Described from a series of soldiers panamae: Mandi- amae: Dorsal view of pro- collected with nymphs at the type bles of soldier, show- notum of soldier, the an- ing marginal teeth. terior margin not dentate. locality (Taboga Island, Republic of (From drawing (From drawing made by- Panama) by the writer on February 17, made by camera camera lucida) 1924, in a decaying branch on the lucida) ground. These specimens are in the Described from six soldiers, collected collection of the United States National with nymphs in a decaying log in Museum. No winged adults were col- jungle, at the type locality, by I. lected with these soldiers. The winged Molino and T. E.Snvder on February adult was described by Nathan Banks 22, 1924. in 1918, and these are the first soldiers TYPE, SOLDIER.—Cat. No. 27266, collected, this caste being hitherto un- U. S. National Museum. known. Specimens of soldiers from Ancon Hill, Canal Zone, show variations Neotermes holmgreni Banks. in mandibular teeth, pronotum, etc. SOLDIER.—Head light castaneous Kalotermes (Glyptotermes) angustus, brown, paler posteriorly, with reddish new species. tinge anteriorly, elongate, sides slightly concave, broader anteriorly, frontal WINGED ADULT.—Head shining, dark slope with lobed epicranial suture, eye castaneous brown, lighter below the spot hyaline, elongate, parallel to eyes, longer than broad, sides parallel, frontal slope, head with scattered long with scattered long hairs; eyes black, hairs. Gula slender in middle. not round, large, slightly projecting, Mandibles black, base reddish, broad separated from lateral margin of head at base, more slender toward apex; by a distance less than half an eye incurved at apex; right mandible with diameter; ocelli hyaline, small subo val, two sharp, pointed teeth near base, close to and at an oblique angle to eye. slightly crenulate toward apex; left Antennae light brown, of 12 segments, mandible with three "molar" (double) with long hairs; segments becoming teeth with first teeth more prominent. longer and broader toward apex; Antennae light brown, paler anterior- third segment subclavate, longer than ly, not as long as mandibles, of 13 fourth but shorter than second; last segments, with long hairs; third seg- segment longest, apex appearing to be ment slightly modified, subclavate, somewhat obliquely truncated. -Aug. 15, 1924 New Termites from the Canal Zone 185

Pronotum same color as head, ante- high, sides roundly sloping to postei ior rior margin broadly, shallowly, roundly margin, where roundly emarginate, with cmarginate, sides sloping roundly to few scattered long hairs (fig. 5, a). posterior margin, where slightly emargi- Legs whitish with tinge of yellow, nate, with few scattered long hairs. femora swollen, pubescent. Abdomen Wings with costal veins brownish, no dirty gray-white, with tinge of yellow, branches between costal veins, mem- tergites with a row of long hairs near brane yellowish, coarsely punctate; fore- bases, cerci not prominent. "wing with median close to and parallel MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire to subcostal vein, cubitus slightly nearer soldier: 4.40-4.80 mm. Length of head to median than to lower margin (a with mandibles: 1.80 mm. Length of little above middle of wing), branching head to anterior margin: 1.30 mm. to apex of wing, with subbranches to Length of left mandible: 0.65 mm. iower margin. Length of pronotum: 0.45-0.50 mm. Legs light yellow-brown, pulvillus Length of hind tibia: 0.70 mm. Width present, pubescent. of head posteriorly: 0.95 mm. Width Abdomen with tergites same color as of head anteriorly: 0.90 mm. Width head, a row of long hairs at base of of pronotum: 0.95 mm. each tergite, cerci present, but not TYPE LOCALITY.—Rio Chinilla, Canal prominent. Zone, Panama. MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire Described from a series of winged winged adult: 6.00 mm. Length of adults and soldiers collected at the entire deälated adult: 3.50 mm. tvpe localitv in a decaving log on Length of head: 1.00 mm. Length of February 22," 1924, bv T. É. Snyder and pronotum: 0.50 mm. Length of I. Molino. .anterior wing: 4.30 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.70 mm. Diameter of eye (long diameter) : 0.225 mm. Width of head: 0.75 mm. Width of pronotum: 0.70 mm. Width of anterior wing: cpfctf DC 1.20 mm. i FIG. 5.—Comparative study of dorsal views of SOLDIER.—Head light castaneous pronota of soldiers of (a) Kalotermes (Glyptotermes) brown, paler posteriorly, blackish on angustus, (b) K. (G.) barbouri, and (c) K. (G.) front, which is nearly vertical, longer emarginicollis. (All from camera lucida drawings than broad, broadest posteriorly, sides made to same scale) approximately parallel, slightly concave TYPE, SOLDIER.—Cat. No. 27267, at middle, constricted at top of head an- U. S. National Museum; morphotype, teriorly, deeply bilobed medially (nar- winged adult. row V-shaped cut), rims of lobes rough- ened, tubercular, surface of head smooth, Kalotermes (Glyptotermes) barbouri, with scattered long hairs. Eye spot new species. hyaline, large, markedly projecting, DEäLATED MALE ADULT.—Head shin- suboval, and parallel to front margin ing, dark castaneous brown, lighter of head. below eyes, slightly longer than broad, Mandibles reddish brown to black- sides parallel, with fairly dense scat- ish at apex, short, stout, slender and tered long hairs; eyes black, large, incurved at apex; left mandible with slightly projecting, suboval, separated three marginal teeth, the two near from lateral margin of head by a apex approximately parallel to margin distance iess than an eye diameter; of mandible, molar near base; right ocelli hyaline, small, suboval parallel mandible with sharp-pointed project- to and close to eye. ing tooth at about middle and molar Antennae broken, yellow brown, near base. with long hairs; third segment sub- Antennae light yellow-brown, of clavate, longer than second or fourth 11 segments, segments wedge-shaped, segments; fourth shorter than second becoming longer and broader toward segment; segments becoming longer apex, with long hairs; third segment and broader toward apex. ringlike, much shorter than second and Pronotum same color as head, slightly shorter than fourth; last anterior margin shallowly roundly segment long and slender, subelliptical emarginate, sides roundly sloping to and pointed at apex. posterior margin, which is nearly Pronotum yellow-brown, darker on straight, with scattered long hairs. margins, narrow, anterior margin Wings with costal area golden broadly, roundly, fairly deeply emar- brown, membrane whitish with yellow- ginate, slightly roughened, corners ish tinge, coarsely punctate; hind wing 186 Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. XXIX, No. 4.. with median vein close to and parallel MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire with the subcostal vein, cubitus in about soldier: 4.10-4.20 mm. Length of center of wing, branching to apex of head with mandibles: 1.60-1.75 mm. wing, near base branching into a long Length of head to anterior margin: vein parallel to cubitus, and with sub- 1.20-1.30 mm. Length of left man- branches to lower border of wing. dible: 0.70 mm. Length of prono- Legs yellow, tibiae yellow-brown, tum: 0.50-0.55 mm. Length of hind pubescent. tibia: 0.55 mm. Width of head (at Abdomen wTith tergites same color widest part) : 0.85 mm. Width of pro- as head, a row of long hairs near base notum: 0.70-0.75 mm. of each tergite; cerci present but not TYPE LOCALITY.—Barro Colorado prominent. Island, Canal Zone, Panama. MEASUREMENT.—Length of entire Described from two soldiers and one deälated adult: 3.70 mm. Length of deälated adult collected with nymphs head: 0.90 mm. Length of pronotum: at the tvpe localitv by I. Molino and 0.50 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.70 T. E. Snyder on February 21, 1924, mm. Length of hind wing: 4.20 mm. in a decaying branch lying on the Diameter of eye (long diameter) : 0.225 ground in moist jungle. This species mm. Width of head (at eyes) : 0.80 wTas named in honor of Dr. Thos. mm. Width of pronotum: 0.70 mm. Barbour, of the Museum of Com- Width of hind wing: 1.15 mm. parative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. SOLDIER.—Head pale yellowish TYPE, SOLDIER.—Cat. No. 27269, brown, darker anteriorly (castaneous U. S. National Museum; morphotype,, or reddish brown), blackish on front, deälated adult. which is nearly vertical, longer than broad, broadest posteriorly, sides ap- Kalotermes (Glyptotermes) emargini- proximately parallel but slightly nar- collis, new species. rowed anteriorly, especially constricted on top of head, deeply bilobed medially, SOLDIER.—Head light castaneous with rims of lobes roughened or tuber- brown, yellow-brown on sides and pos- cular, surface of head smooth, with teriorly, reddish brown to blackish an- few scattered long hairs. Eye spot teriorly, front blackish, nearly vertical, hyaline, large, projecting, elongate, head longer than broad, broadest suboval, parallel to front of head. posteriorly, sides approximately paral- Mandibles reddish brown to black- lel, constricted on top of head ante- ish, short, stout, incurved at apex; riorly, rim elevated, front deeply left mandible with three marginal bilobed medially with a wide U-shaped molar teeth, tooth near apex with more cut, lobes not roughened, surface of pointed, projecting base; right man- head smooth, with few scattered long dible with one molar tooth near base, hairs. Eye spot hyaline, large, some- with fairly sharp, projecting base. what projecting, suboval, parallel to Antennae light yellowish brown, of front of head. 10 to 11 segments, segments becoming Mandibles blackish, base reddish longer and broader toward apex (wedge- brown, short, stout, incurved at apex; shaped), with long hairs; if 10 seg- left mandible with three pointed mar- ments, third segment longer than fourth ginal teeth; right mandible with two but shorter than second; if 11 seg- prominent pointed marginal teeth. ments (third dividing), third segment Antennae white with tinge of yellow, ringlike, shorter than second or fourth; of twelve segments, segments wedge- last segment narrow, elongate and shaped, becoming longer and broader subelliptical, pointed at apex. towrard apex, with long hairs; third Pronotum light yellow-brown, darker segment ringlike, shorter than second or on margins, anterior margin deeply fourth segments; last segment slender, roundly emarginate, corners high, sides subelliptical, pointed at apex. roundly sloping to posterior margin, Pronotum light yellow-brown, darker where nearly straight (slightly emargi- on margins, margins deeply roundly nate), with few scattered long hairs emarginate, corners high anteriorly and (fig. 5, b). roundly sloping posteriorly, with scat- Legs whitish with tinge of yellow, tered long hairs (fig. 5, c). femora slightly swollen, pubescent. Legs yellowish, femora slightly darker Abdomen dirty white with tinge of dorsally, swollen, three prominent yellow, tergites with a row of long hairs reddish brown spines on tibia of front near base, cerci present but not promi- legs at apex, with hairs; prosternai nent. processes dark (castaneous). Aug. 15, 1924 New Termites from the Canal Zone 187

Abdomen dirty gray-white with yel- at each side in center of tergite (more lowish tinge; tergites with dense short prominent than in C. striatus Hagen), hairs and a row of long hairs at base of with long hairs near base of tergites, each tergite; cerci present but not cerci not very prominent. prominent. MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire deälated male adult: 8.50 mm. Length soldier: 5.50 mm. Length of head of head: 2.15 mm. Length of prono- with mandibles: 2.50-2.60 mm. Length tum: 1.05 mm. Diameter of eye (long of head to anterior margin: 2.10- diameter) : 0.70 mm. Diameter of 2.20 mm. Length of left mandible: hind tibia: 2.60 mm. Width of head 0.90. Length of pronotum: 0.80-0.90 (at eyes): 2.15 mm. Width of prono- mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.85 mm. tum: 2.00 mm. Length of mature Width of head: 1.40-1.55 mm. Width queen: 18.50 mm. Width of abdomen of pronotum: 1.40 mm. of mature queen: 6.50 mm. TYPE LOCALITY.—Rio Chinilla, Ca- The deälated adult of C. acignathus nal Zone, Panama. is lighter colored, and larger than that of The specific name is derived from C. striatus Hagen, with larger fontanelle the emarginate pronotum of the sol- and eyes, ocellus more distant from dier; this is a larger species than K. (G.) eye, and markings on pronotum differ- pubescens Snyder of Porto Rico and the ent. The species C. acignathus has been soldier has a markedly emarginate hitherto known only from the soldier pronotum. caste from which it was described by Described from a series of soldiers Silvestri in 1903, although Nathan collected with nymphs in a decaying Banks states that the adult is similar log on the ground at the type locality to C. striatus, with a slender fontanelle. by T. 73. Snyder and I. Molino, on Described from mature, deälated February 22, 1924. males and females (kings and queens) TYPE, SOLDIER.—Cat. No. 27268, of the first form collected at Rio Tapia, U. S. National Museum. Republic of Panama, on February 7, Cornitermes acignathus Silvestri. 1924, by the writer with soldiers and workers in decayed logs on the ground DEäLATED MALE ADULT.—Lîead cas- in the jungle. Other specimens were taneous, round, with a hyaline, suboval, collected by the writer at Rio Chinilla, raised fontanelle, in a depression Canal Zone, Panama, on February 22, (larger than an ocellus) ; head with few 1924. These specimens are all de- scattered long hairs. Eye black, large posited in the collection of the United projecting, not quite round, very near States National Museum. lateral margin of head. Ocellus hya- line, large, suboval, upper rim project- Armitermes (Armitermes) chagresi, ing, separated from eye by a distance new species. about one-half the small diameter of an ocellus. SOLDIER.-—-Head light yellow, nearly Antennae yellow-brown, 15-seg- as broad as long, head and nasus not mented, with long hairs; third segment convex in profile, slightly concave at subclavate, longer than second or base of nasus, sides convex, broadest fourth segments; last segment slender, near posterior margin, narrowed an- subelliptical. teriorly; with scattered long hairs.- Pronotum same color as head, an- Nasus light yellow-brown, fairly robust, terior margin straight, posterior margin broad at base, narrowing anteriorly, emarginate, narrowing posteriorly, hya- dense short hairs at apex, not as long line ''spread-wingM-shaped markings, as head (in A. armigera Motschulsky anteriorly centering on median line, nasus is longer than head). Man- an elliptical marking at each anterior dibles slender and strongly curved, corner, and two elliptical markings with slightly outward pointing mar- near posterior margin separating from ginal tooth nearer base than apex a common base at the median line to (fig. 6). form an acute angle, diverging from the Antennae light yellow-brown, of 14 median line toward the sides; with segments, pubescent, extending far dense long hairs. beyond tip of nasus; third segment Legs yellow-brown, tibiae darker, subclavate, longer than second or elongate, slender, pubescent. fourth segments; segments becoming Abdomen with tergites castaneous, longer and broader toward apex; last two spiracular, hyaline markings about segment short, slender, subelliptical. one-third way toward median line, one Gula not much narrowed in middle. 188 Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. XXIX, No. 4

Pronotum white, tinged with yellow, closely related species or much varia- saddle-shaped, emarginate anteriorly, tion within the species. sides sloping roundly to posterior TYPE LOCALITY.—Barro Colorado margin, which is rounded, with scat- Island, Canal Zone, Panama. tered long hairs. Described from a series of soldiers Legs tinged with yellow, fairly collected with workers at the type elongate, slender, pubescent. locality bv T. E. Snvder on February Abdomen tinged with yellow, densely 21, 1924. " pubescent; cerci prominent. TYPE, SOLDIER.—Cat. No. 2735/. MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire U. S. National Museum. soldier: 5.50-5.65 mm. Length of head with nasus: 2.30-2.40 mm. GENUS ARMITERMES WASMANN Length of head with mandibles: 2.40- SUBGENUS RHYNCHOTERMES HOLMGREN 2.50 mm. Length of head to an- terior margin: 1.50 mm. Length of In 1912, Holmgren established the nasus: 0.85 mm. Length of left man- subgenus Rhynchotermes for Silvestri's dible: 1.10 mm. Length of prono- remarkable species nasutissimus from tum: 0.35 mm. Length of hind tibia: South America; this subgeneric name, 1.30 mm. Width of head (at widest derived from the Greek pvvxos (beak), point posteriorly): 1.35-1.40 mm. is very appropriate and descriptive. Width of head at anterior margin: This subgenus is monotypic. A much 0.95 mm. Width of pronotum: 0.75 more striking and longer-beaked species mm. has recently been found in Panama; the marginal teeth to the mandibles of the soldier are elongate and sharp- pointed and the anterior process on the coxa of the forelegs is more bent and hook shaped. It is a thoroughly armed species and runs about audaci- ously with its nasus or beak elevated at an angle of 45°, reminding one of an antiaircraft gun. Armitermes (Rhynchotermes) perar- matus, new species.

SOLDIER (fig. 7). Head light cas- FIG. G.—Armitermes (Ar miter mes) chagresi: Man- dibles of soldier, showing marginal teeth. (From taneous brown, middle of beak and drawing made by camera lucida) mandibles reddish brown, head short, pear-shaped, nasus very elongate, cur- . Specimens of A. (A.) chagresi Snyder ved downward and becoming gradu- were first found at Barro Colorado ally attenuated toward apex; one row Island, Canal Zone, on February 21, of hort hairs on head anteriorly. 1924, by T. E. Snyder in a carton nest Mandibles very short, bent inward or on the ground in the jungle (PI. 2, hook-shaped, inner margin near tips C, D). Formerly A. (A.) armígera not crenulate, near center of each man- Motschulsky was considered to be the dible a long, outward-curved, sharp- only species in Panama; it was de- pointed marginal tooth. scribed from Obispo and I have seen Antennae yellow-brown, elongate, the type at the Museum of Compara- slender, of 14 segments, with long tive Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.; cha- hairs; third segment subclavate, as gresi is close to neoteinicus Holmgren long as first, longer than second or and percutiens Emerson; the antennae fourth; fourth segment longer than are also different from those in armi- second; fifth segment longer than gera. Specimens of chagresi were also fourth; segments gradually becoming collected at Rio Chinilla, Canal Zone, shorter but broader toward apex; last on February 22, in a carton nest and segment subelliptical. in decaying logs; in these specimens the Pronotum light yellow-brown, darkei nasus is slightly longer and the head on margins, saddle-shaped, slightly and nasus tend toward the convex in broader than long, high and roundly nar- profile. In the genus Armitermes there row at anterior margin, where emargi- appear to be either a large number of nate, broadly rounded posteriorly. Aug. 15, 1924 New Termites from the Canal Zone 189

Legs with tinge of yellow, elongate, MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire- with scattered long, but sparse, hairs, worker: 4.1 mm. Length of head: coxa of foreleg with an elongate point 1.50 mm. Length of pronotum: 0.45 or sharp process, sometimes hook mm. Length of hind tibia: 1.50 mm. shaped and curving; two spines at apex Width of head: 1.30 mm. Width of of tibia. pronotum: 0.70 mm. Abdomen dirty gray-white, with The winged adult is unknown. tinge of yellow, with row of long hairs TYPE LOCALITY.—Rio Chinilla, Canal at base of each tergite. Zone, Panama. MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire Described from a large series of sol- soldier: 4.50-4.60 mm. Length of diers and workers collected in a de- head with nasus: 2.50-2.60 mm. cayed log on February 22, 1924, at the Length of head with mandibles: 1.20 type locality by I. Molino, J. Zetek, mm. Length of head to anterior mar- and T. E. Snyder; two colonies col- gin: 1.00 mm. Length of nasus: 1.60 lected.

FIG. 7.—Armitermes (Fhynchotermes) perarmatus, soldier: a, Dorsal view of head and prothorax, showing" long nasus and pointed marginal teeth of mandibles; &, lateral view of same, showing elongate, curved nasus, mandible, coxal spine of long foreleg, and antenna; c, dorsal view of mandibles mm. Length of left mandible: 1.05 TYPE, SOLDIER.—Cat. No. 27240' mm. Length of pronotum: 0.40 mm. U. S. National Museum. Length of hind tibia: 1.50 mm. Width BIOLOGICAL NOTES.—This termite of head (at widest portion) : 0.90-0.95 lives in bark-covered decaying logs in mm. Width of pronotum: 0.55 mm. the moist, dense jungle; it was not The soldier of A. (R.) perarmatus is found in earthlike carton nests. Some- darker colored, larger than nasutissimus times several other species of termites Silvestri, and has a longer, more aqui- inhabit the same log, as Coptotermes line head and nasus, longer mandibles, niger Snyder and Rhinotermes longidens and long, pointed marginal teeth. The Snyder. A species of Peripatus was antennae have longer segments, and also found in a log inhabited by A. (R.) the process on the coxae is longer and perarmatus (PL 1, A). more pointed. Dr. W. M. Mann found specimens WORKER.—Darker colored and larger of this termite at Sangrelaya, Hon- than that of nasutissimus; head yellow- duras, in May, 1924, under ¡Dark in a. brown, with prominent fontanelle; decayed log in the jungle. antennae with 14 segments; postclyp- A single winged male adult of a spe- eus bulging. cies of Rhynchotermes was collected 190 Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. XXIX, No. 4

flying by August Busck at Paraíso, by F. Silvestri and donated by him to Canal Zone, Panama, on April 24, 1911, the United States National Museum, and is now in the collection of the No. 47. United States National Museum. This may be Armitermes (Rhynchotermes) Nasutitermes (Obtusitermes) biformis perarmatus, as perarmatus is the only Snyder. species so far collected in Panama. DEäLATED ADULT.—Head dark A. (R.) nasutissimus Silvestri of South brown, with a reddish tinge, suboval, America appears to be different. It is fairly flat, a narrow slope toward not A. (Armitermes) armígera Mots- anterior margin, with dense, long chulsky, as it was tentatively and hairs. Fontanelle a hyaline, narrow doubtfully determined by Nathan slit in a depression on vertex at about Banks in 1918. middle of eyes. Eyes black, nearly WINGED MALE ADULT.—Head casta- round, prominent, very near lateral neous brown, longer than broad, round- margin of head; ocelli hyaline, sub- ed posteriorly, with a few scattered long oval, fairly large, inset, at an oblique hairs. Fontanelle hyaline, tinged with angle to eyes and separated from eyes yellowish, a raised round spot in a de- by a distance less than the small pression, smaller than an ocellus. Eye diameter of an ocellus. Left mandible black, large, projecting, not round; reddish-brown, first and second teeth ocelli hyaline, elongate, projecting, approximately subequal. Postclypeus close to eyes, on rim of frontal slope. yellow-brown, not prominently arched, Postclypeus lighter colored than head, length less than half the width. bilobed, projecting. Antennae yellow-brown, of thirteen Antennae yellow-brown (broken), (-f ?) segments, with long hairs; third with long hairs; third segment longer segment very short, ringlike; fourth than second or fourth; fourth slightly shorter than second; segments becom- longer than second; fifth and fourth ing longer and broader toward apex, subequal. but all more or less wedge-shaped and Pronotum yellow-brown, anterior fairly short, margin slightly elevated, nearly Pronotum of same color as head, straight, sides roundly sloping to pos- very slightly saddle-shaped, almost terior margin, which is broadly round- subcordate, anterior margin almost ed and emarginate. straight, posterior margin emarginate, Wings smoky yellow, costal veins sides rounded and sloping roundly golden yellow, margins ciliate, wing sur- to posterior margin, with dense long face hairy. Forewing with median vein hairs. nearer to cubitus than to subcosta, Wing scale nearly as long as pro- branching to apex of wing, cubitus notum. nearly in center of wing, not reaching Legs light yellow-brown, fairly apex, with 11 branches or sub-branches slender, pubescent. to margin of wing. Abdomen with tergites slightly lighter Legs yellow-brown, slender, elongate, colored than head, with dense long pubescent. hairs; cerci fairly prominent. Abdomen light yellow-brown, with a MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire row of dense long hairs at base of each deälated adult: 5.50 mm. Length of tergite; cerci fairly prominent. head: 1.00 mm. Length of pronotum: MEASUREMENTS.3—Length of entire 0.50. Length of hind tibia: 0.80 mm. winged adult: 15.00 mm. Length of Diameter of eye (long diameter) : 0.25 entire deälated adult : 7.00 mm. Length mm. Width of head (at eyes) : 0.95 of head: 1.90 mm. Length of prono- mm. Width of pronotum: 0.70 mm. tum: 0.80 mm. Length of forewing: Described from two deälated coloniz- 13.00 mm. Length of hind tibia: 2.00 ing adults (male and female) collected mm. Diameter of eye (long diameter) : in a small cavity in a decayed branch on 0.45 mm. Width of head (at eyes) : the ground at Barro Colorado Island, 1.60 mm. Width of pronotum: 1.40 Canal Zone, by J. Zetek and 1. Molino mm. Width of forewing: 4.80 mm. on August 22, 1923; they are probably a The wing is hairy, whereas that of young royal couple. 0. biformis was A. (R.) nasutissimus Silvestri is not described in 1924 from the soldier caste hairy. A. (R.) perarmatus also has alone, the type locality being Quipo, longer hind tibiae than nasutissimus. Republic of Panama; these specimens Comparison was made with a winged were not found with soldiers, but sol- male adult of nasutissimus determined diers and workers were in the branch,

3 They were made from a dry, pinned specimen. Aug. 15, 1924 New Termites from the Canal Zone 191

and are the only deälated adults of this posteriorly. Nasus elongate, slender, species that have been collected; they cylindrical, slightly upturned at apex, are deposited in the collection of the with short hairs and a few long hairs at United States National Museum. The apex. Mandibles fairly short, sharp winged adult is unknown. pointed, points turned outward. Antennae light yellow-brown, of GENUS XASUTITERMES BANKS thirteen segments, with long hairs; third segment subclavate, slender, SUBGENUS UNIFORMITERMES, longer than second or fourth segments; SUBGENUS fourth segment shorter than second; fifth longer and broader than fourth; In Panama another species of Nasuti- sixth, seventh, and eighth segments termes has been found that does not longer and broader than fifth; seg- agree with the characters of any known subgenus; this species, with others from Bolivia, intermediate between Diversi- termes Holmgren and Velocitermes Holmgren, throws considerable doubt on the validity of subgenera in Nasuti- termes. For the present, however, I prefer to adhere to the subgenera estab- lished by Holmgren and others; possi- bly this species is a Diversitermes. Uniformitermes, new subgenus. SOLDIER.—Two types of soldiers, but of somewhat the same general form, in each form head markedly constricted behind antennae. Nasus elongate, slen- der, cylindrical. Mandibles with points, sharp but not very elongate. The shape of the major soldier is somewhat similar to that of the minor soldier of Diversi- termes, while that of the minor soldier is similar to that of the intermediate soldier of Diversitermes. Outline of head of major soldier in general similar to that of the soldier of Tenuirostritermes Holmgren, pear shaped and markedly broader poste- riorly than anteriorly. In major sol- dier antennae with thirteen segments; in minor, twelve segments. Legs rela- tively short, length of hind tibia much less than length of head with nasus. Postclypeus of worker nearly as long as half its width. Small, light colored species. Nasutitermes (Uniformitermes) barro- coloradensis, new species. FIG. 8.—Nasutitermes ( Uniformitermes) barrocolo- radensis: a, Dorsal view of head and pronotum of MAJOR SOLDIER (fig. 8, a, b).— major soldier; b, lateral view of same; c, dorsal Head pale yellowish, darker at margins view of head and pronotum of minor soldier; d, and at base of nasus, nasus reddish, lateral view of same head pyriform, broadest posteriorly, gradually converging toward anterior ments becoming shorter toward apex; margin, breadth more contrasting pos- last segment slender and subelliptical. teriorly and anteriorly than in minor Pronotum yellow, darker at anterior soldier, markedly but not sharply con- margin, saddle-shaped, pith short hairs, stricted anteriorly, convex in profile broadly rounded anteriorly and pos- except for slight depression about cen- teriorly, sides slightly depressed poste- ter of head, with numerous short hairs, riorly, slightly emarginate at anterior but with few long hairs anteriorly and margin. 99181—25t 3 192 Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. XXIX, No. 4

Legs with tinge of yellow, fairly TYPE LOCALITY. — Barro Colorado elongate, slender, and with long hairs. Island, Canal Zone, Panama. Abdomen dirty gray-white with tinge Described from a large series of major of yellow, tergites with short hairs and and minor soldiers collected by T. E. a row of long hairs at base of each ter- Snyder with workers in a large colony gite; cerci fairly prominent. at the type locality on February 26, MEASUREMENTS (MAJOR SOLDIER).— 1924. Several colonies were found in Length of entire soldier: 3.1-3.3 mm. decaying logs, with bark on, near the Length of head with nasus: 1.40-1.50 site of the new Tropical Research Sta- mm. Length of head to anterior mar- tion building. gin: 0.90-1.00 mm. Length of nasus: TYPE, MAJOR SOLDIER.—Cat. No. 0.50-0.55 mm. Length of pronotum: 27270, U. S. National Museum; mor- 0.20 mm. Length of hind tibia: 1.10 photype, minor soldier. mm. Width of head (where widest Mirotermes (Mirotermes) panamaen- posteriorly): 0.70-0.80 mm. Width sis Snyder. of head anteriorly: 0.40 mm. Width of pronotum: 0.40 mm. DEäLATED ADULT (MALE OR KING).— Head light yellow-brown, lighter pos- MINOR SOLDIER (fig. 8, c, d).—Head teriorly, suboval, longer than broad, pale yellowish, darker at margins and not as broad as pronotum, with scat- at base of nasus, nasus reddish, head tered long hairs, more numerous ante- somewhat pyriform, broadest poster- riorly, postclypeus light yellow, slightly iorly, gradually converging toward an- bulging, twice as broad as long, promi- terior margin, not as great a difference nently bilobed. Eyes black, fairly in breadth posteriorly and anteriorly prominent, nearly round, separated as in major soldier, somewhat dumb- from lateral margin of head by a dis- bell shaped, markedly but not sharply tance less than their long diameter. constricted anteriorly, convex in profile Ocelli hyaline, suboval, separated from except for slight depression about cen- eyes by a distance hardly equal to the ter of head, with numerous short hairs, long diameter of an ocellus. Fonta- but with few^ long hairs anteriorly and nelle, a hyaline narrow elliptical slit posteriorly. Nasus elongate, slender, between middle of eyes. cylindrical, slightly upturned at apex, Antennae light yellow-brown, of with short hairs, a few long hairs at fifteen segments, with long hairs, be- apex. Mandibles fairly short, sharp coming longer and broader toward apex; pointed, with points turned outward. third segment very small, shorter than Antennae light yellow-brown, elon- second or fourth segments, ringlike; gate, of twelve segments, with long fourth shorter than second segment; hairs; third segment súbela vate, longer fifth ringlike, shorter than fourth; last than second but shorter than fourth; segment elongate, slender, subelliptical. fifth about as long as fourth but broader; Pronotum light yellow-brown, darker sixth longer than fifth; seventh slightly posteriorly, anterior and posterior mar- shorter than sixth; segments becoming gins nearly straight, slightly concave shorter but broader toward apex; last anteriorly and slightly emarginate pos- segment more slender, subelliptical. teriorly, sides rounded, sloping slightly Pronotum pale yellow, anterior mar- to posterior margin, with long hairs. gin darker, saddle-shaped, with short Wing scale much shorter than pro- hairs, margins broadly rounded anter- notum. iorly and posteriorly, sides slightly de- Legs light yellow-brown, slender, pressed posteriorly. with long hairs. Legs with tinge of yellow, fairly elon- Abdomen with tergites brown, darker gate, slender and with long hairs. colored than head and pronotum, with Abdomen dirty gray-white with tinge fairly long hairs, lighter anteriorly; of 3'ellow, with short hairs on tergites cerci prominent. and one row of long hairs at base of MEASUREMENTS.—Length of entire each tergite. deälated adult (mature first-form male MEASUREMENTS (MIN'OR SOLDIER).— or king) : 4.00 mm. Length of ma- Length of entire soldier: 2.75-3.00 ture, deälated queens of the first form mm. (aver. 2.90 mm.). Length of head (with distended abdomens) : 5.5-7.0 with nasus: 1.10-1.175 mm. Length mm.; average, 6.76 mm. Length of of head to anterior margin: 0.75 mm. head: 1.00 mm. Length of pronotum: Length of nasus: 0.41-0.45 mm. 0.55 mm. Length of hind tibia: 0.70 Length of pronotum: 0.15 mm. Length mm. Diameter of eye: 0.16 mm. of hind tibia: 0.90 mm. Width of Width of head (at eyes) : 0.85 mm. head (where widest posteriorly) : 0.50 Width of pronotum: 0.95 mm. Width mm. Width of head anteriorly: 0.40 of abdomen of male: 1.40 mm. Width mm. Width of pronotum: 0.25 mm. of abdomen of queens: 2.5-2.8 mm.; Winged adult unknown. average, 2.65 mm. Aug. 15, 1924 New Termites from the Canal Zone 193

King with abdomen slightly dis- 20. Armiterm,es (Armitermes) armigera tended but queens with abdomens Motschulsky markedly distended and a flat quadri- 4 21. Armitermes (Armitermes) chagresi lateral shape. Snyder Described from one male (mature, 22. Armitermes (Rhynchotermes) per- deälated, first-form adult or king) and armatus Snyder nine females (mature, deälated, first- 4 23. NasutitermescornigeraMotschiûsky form adults with distended abdomens) 4 24. Nasutitermes pilifrons Holmgren collected with soldiers and workers in 4 25. Nasutitermes ephratae Holmgren a very large colony in a decaying, 4 26. Nasutitermes columbicus Holmgren fallen coconut palm tree trunk on the ground on a slight elevation near a mangrove swamp on February 19, 1924, at Largo Remo Island, Canal Zone, by T. E. Snyder and J. Zetek. These re- productive forms were in a small (about 7 inches wide) ovoid carton nest on the side of the interior of the log (PL 1, Cand D). M. (Mirotermes) panamaensis Snyder was described in 1923 from the soldier caste alone (fig. 9), the type locality being Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone. This is the first time the sexual form or deälated adult has been col- lected; the winged form has not yet been found. The specimens are de- posited in the collection of the United States National Museum.

LIST OF TERMITES OF THE CANAL ZONE AND NEAR-BY PANAMA KALOTERMITIDAE; (100)

1. Kalotermes tabogae Snyder 2. Kalotermes marginipennis Lat- reille 3. Kalotermes panamae Snyder 4. Neotermes holmgreni Banks 4 5. Kalotermes (Lobitermes) brevicollis Banks 6. Cryptotermes dudleyi Banks (Cryp- totermes thompsonae Snyder) 7. Kalotermes (Lobitermes) longicollis Banks 8. Kalotermes (Glypiotermes)angustus Snyder FIG. 9.—Mirotermes (Mirotermes) panamaensis: 4 9. Kalotermes (Glyptoiermes) emargi- Dorsal view of head and pronotum of soldier nicollis Snyder 4 4 27, Nasutitermes ( U n if o rmitermes) 10. Kalotermes (Glyptotermes) barbouri barro color adensis Snyder Snyder 28. Nasutitermes (Subulitermes) zeteki RHINOTERMITIDAE: (5) Snyder 4 4 11. Coptotermes niger Snyder 29. Nasutitermes (Obtusilermes) bi - 4 12. Leucotermes tennis H agen formis Snyder 13. Leucotermes convexinotatus Snyder 30. Anoplotermes gracilis Snyder 4 31. Anoplotermes parrus Snyder 14. Prorhinotermes molinoi Snyder 4 15. Rhinotcrmes longidens Snyder 32. Eutermes debilis ïïeer^arboreus Emerson TERMITIDAE : (21) [ 33. Eutermes cxiguus Hagen 4 16. CylindrotermesnordenskiöldiVlolm- 34. Mirotermes (Mirotermes) hispa- gren niolae Banks 17. Amitermes médius Banks 35. Mirotermes (Mirotermes) pana- 4 18. Amitermes beaumonti Banks maensis Snyder 4 19. Cornitermes acignaihus Silvestri : 36. Orthognathotermes wheeleri Snyder

4 Occurring on Barro Colorado Island, C. Z., the site of the Panama laboratory of the Institute for Research in Tropical America; there occur here twenty spec'\es and fifteen genera or subgenera.