Classical Images – Greek (The Python at Delphi) Draco

Classical images – Greek (the python at Delphi) Draco

Paris, Musée du Louvre Apollo shooting the Python with tripod Apollo sitting on Omphalos and between with tripod about to shoot the silver stater from Croton Python, who rises up before him c. 425-350 BC Attic black -figure on white ground Python wrapped around omphalos lekythos, c. 6th c BC 1 Classical images – Greek (Cadmus and the Ismenian dragon) Draco

Paris, Musée du Louvre Boston, MFA Cadmus, Harmonia and the Ismenian dragon Cadmus, and the Ismenian dragon Chalcidian black-figure amphora, 6th C B.C Campanian red-figure hydria, 4th C BC credit: www. theoi.com (attr. to the Whiteface-Frignano Painter) c. 345-335 BC inv 69.1142 (credit: www. theoi.com)

2 Classical images – Greek (Cadmus and the Ismenian dragon) Draco

New York. Metropolitan Museum Location? Cadmus, and the Ismenian dragon Cadmus, and the Ismenian dragon Attic red-figure kalyx crater S. Italian, red-figure hydria c. 450 BC (inv. 07.286.66) credit: www.theoi.com credit: www.theoi.com

3 Classical images – Greek (Cadmus and the Ismenian dragon) Draco

Paris, Musée du Louvre Cadmus, Harmonia and the Ismenian dragon Paestan red-figure krater, 4th C BC 4 Classical images – Greek (Medea and her dragon-chariot) Draco

Cleveland Museum of Art Dragon-chariot of Medea Lucanian red-figure krater, c. 370 C BC 5 credit (top) :theoi.com Classical images – Greek (Medea and her dragon-chariot) Draco

Source? Munich, Staatliche Antikensammlungen Dragon-chariot of Medea Apulian red-figure krater, c. 330-310 BC credit: vroma (Barbara F. McManus) 6 Classical images – Greek (Medea and her dragon-chariot) Draco

Herakleion Museum Dragon-chariot of Medea Red-figure krater credit: www.theoi.com

7 Classical images – Greek (Triptolemos and his snake-chariot) Draco

Los Angeles, Getty Museum London, British Museum Triptolemos in his snake-chariot (with Demeter and Triptolemus in his chariot Persephon Athenian red-figure footed skyphos, c 5th C BC Attic red-figure footed dinos (attr to the Syleus painter), c inv. : 89.AE.73 470 BC inv. : 89.AE.73

8 Classical images – Greek (Triptolemos and his snake-chariot) Draco

Eleusis, Archaeological Museum Paris, Musée du Louvre Triptolemos in snake-chariot with Persephone with torches Triptolemos in snake-chariot with Demeter and Persephone early 4C BC Attic cup attr to Aberdeen painter, c. 490=470 BC inv. 6516 credit: Tumblr (lion of chaeronea) credit: www.maicar.com

9 Classical images – Greek (Triptolemos and his snake-chariot) Draco

Drawing after attic bell krater from Cumae Credit: www.tout-sur-le-lynx-boreal.wifeo.com

Oxford, Ashmolean Museum The dragon cart of Triptolemos (from Le Normand III, 46 E)

10 Classical images – Greek (Colchion dragon) Draco

Rome, Vatican Museum Bearded Colchion dragon disgorging Jason with Athena to the right and Golden Fleece behind Attic red-figure cup by Douris, c. 470 BC credit: www. theoi.com

11 Classical images – Greek (dragons on shields) Draco

Death of Troilus Attic red-figure cup by Oltos c. 510 BC

Hydria by the Antimenes Painter

12 Classical images – Roman (Triptolemos and his snake-chariot) Draco

Vienna Kunsthistorisches Museum Paris, Musée du Louvre ‘Disk of Aquileia’ with Triptolemos in snake- Triptolemos in snake-chariot with Demeter and Persephone chariot about to deliver gifts Roman sarophagus, c. 2nd C AD credit: Tumblr (hellenismo) credit: Wikimedia (Mbtz)

13 Classical images – Roman (Triptolemos and his snake-chariot) Draco

Triptolemus/ Alexander wearing the elephant scalp and riding a serpent biga billon tetradrachm of Hadrian minted in Alexandria, 136-137 AD credit: www.alexanderstomb.com

Triptolemus in chariot drawn by winged Same reverse, struck under Caracalla serpents on reverse of coin struck by (provincial Moesia inferior) GORDIAN III, 238-244. AE36 of Nysa, Lydia. 198-217 14 credit: elo gallery.com credit: www.vilmanumismatics.com Classical images – Roman Draco

Libya, Tripoli Museum Bearded snakes on medusa relief Late Roman

15 Classical images – Roman Draco

Los Angeles County Museum of Art Snake of ‘Hope Hygeia’ Italy (Ostia?), 2nd C copy after Greek original of c. 360 Bc inv. Hearst Collection (50.33.23) 16 Classical images – Roman Draco

Paris, Musée du Louvre Naples, Museo nazionale Fresco from Pompeii, Lararium in the House of the Vetii with From Alfonso de Franciscis, Bacco ad il Vesuvio, Pater familias and 2 Lares and a serpent (agathodémone) that 1963, pl. Lxxxii drinks the offerings 17 Classical images – Roman Draco

Source? Constanƫa, Archaeological Museum (Romania) credit: Tumblr (this ivy house) Glycon from Tomis, 2nd C AD credit: Wikimedia ( CristianChrita)

18 Classical images – Early Christian Draco

Vatican City, St Peter’s Chair

19 Classical globes Draco

Naples, Farnese Atlas Bentley’s Manilius © Petr Hadrava n.b. – snake, head in profile

Paris, Kugel Globe Mainz globe (drawing © Kunzl) 20 n.b. – snake n.b. – snake, head in profile, with ears

Germanicus mss Draco

I. = z stemma

Leiden, Univbibl Boulogne-sur-Mer, Bibl. Mun. Bern, Burgerbibl, Voss lat 4° 79 Ms 188 Ms 88 n.b. – snake in profile with beard and crest same n.b. – same

vs. planisphere vs. planisphere 21 Germanicus mss Draco II and III. = O stemma (O1 or ν ) II. III.

Basle, OBU Aberystwyth, NLW vs. planisphere Ms AN.IV . 18 Ms 735 C n.b. – snake with dragon’s head in n.b. – snake, head in profile, red beard, crest and profile flame

vs. planisphere vs. schema vs. hemisphere 22 n.b. – snake similar to planisphere Germanicus mss Draco

IV. = O stemma (O2 or μ ) Va. = O stemma (O2 or μ = Siciliensis)

Cologny, Bib Bodmer NY, Pierpont Morgan Libr Cod lat 7 Ms M 389 n.b. – snake with ears same

Vb.

Madrid, Bib nac Vatican, BAV Ms 19 (16) Barb lat 76 23 n.b. – snake with beard and crest n.b. -- same

Germanicus mss = ‘Siciliensis’ Draco

VI.

London BL Egerton 1050 n.b. – snake with crest

VII. = fragmentum ... repertum in Sicilia

? ?

London BL Naples, Bib naz Add 15819 XIV D 37 24 n.b. – snake

Germanicus mss ( = ‘Siciliensis’) Draco VIIIa.

Madrid Bib Nac Vatican, BAV Vienna, Schottenstift Ms 8282 Barb lat 77 Ms 51 n.b. – snake with crest

VIIIb. VIIIc. IX.

Vatican,BAV Florence, Bibl Laurenziana Montpellier Urb lat 1358 Plut 89 sup 43 Ms H 452 25 n.b. – dragon-faced snake

Ps-Eratosthenes Draco

Hemispheres – similar

Vatican BAV, Vat grec 1087 planisphere – no beard n.b. – bearded snake with tongue 26 Cicero Draco

missing from manuscript missing from manuscript

London, BL London, BL London, BL Harley 647 Harley 647 – planisphere Harley 2506

missing from manuscript missing from manuscript missing from manuscript

London, BL London, BL Gottweig, Cotton ms Tib B.V., pars 1 Cotton Ms Tib C. 1 Stiftsbibl Ms 7 27

Revised Aratus Latinus Draco

Dresden, Landesbibl. Paris BN Prague, Univbibl Ms D C 183 – Lat 12957 Ms IX. C. 6 (1717) n.b. – snake, view of top of head n.b. – similar n.b. – head in profile, bears different

missing from ms?

Dresden – winter hemisphere Paris – winter hemisphere Prague – winter hemisphere 28 n.b. – snake same

Revised Aratus Latinus Draco

Ia.

St Gallen, Stiftsbibl hemispheres Ms 902 n.b. – snake with dragon’s head

St Gallen, Stiftsbibl Ms 250 hemispheres 29 same

Revised Aratus Latinus Draco

Ib.

missing in manuscript

Gottweig, Stiftsbibl. on hemisphere Ms 7 (146)

missing in manuscript missing in manuscript

Siena, Bib com on hemisphere Ms L. IV. 25 30

Revised Aratus Latinus Draco

I. (distant relative)

image missing from manuscript

Paris BN Munich, Staatsbibl. Vatican, BAV n.a. 1614 Clm 560 Reg lat 1324 n.b. – snake with dragon’s head n.b. – snake with dorsal ridges, animal face

image missing from manuscript

hemispheres hemispheres hemispheres 31

Revised Aratus Latinus Draco

II.

Cologne, Dombibliothek Ms 83.11

32 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Draco

Oxford, Bodleian Padua, Bibl Antoniona Laud misc 644 Ms Anton 27 n.b. – snake with dog-head, alone n.b. – snake alone

Venice, Bibl Marciana Draco inter arctos as part of Paris BN Ms VIII, 22 zodiac rota lat. 14754 n.b. – two-legged, fire-breathing dragon n.b. – close to Oxford ms

33 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Draco

Ia.

Dijon Draco inter arctos as part of zodiac rota Bib mun, Ms 488 n.b. – snake with dragon head, beard, tongue

34 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Draco

IIa.

Paris, BN Paris, BN Lat 5543 Lat 5239 n.b. – snake with dragon’s head, beard, tongue similar 35 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Draco

IIb.

Klosterneuburg, Vatican, BAV Zwettl, Stiftskirche Stiftskirche, Ms 685 Vat lat 643 Ms 296 n.b. – winged dragon with 2 legs, tongue similar configuration. but with snake head and no closer to Klosterneuberg wings or legs 36 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Draco

III.

Laon Rouen, Bib mun, Ms 422 Bibl mun, 26 n.b. – snake with ears, tongue similar, but with wings and crest

37 ps-Bede, De signis caeli Draco

Singletons

missing from manuscript missing from manuscript

Amiens Durham, Cathedral Libr Bibl mun, Ms 222 Hunter 100

Freiburg-im-Bresgau Montecassino, Badia, Ms 3 Ms 35 38 n.b. – snake, head upside-down n.b. – snake De ordine ac positione Draco

Ia.

Berlin, Staatsbibl, Berlin planisphere Ms lat 130 (Phill 1832) n.b.– crest, beard, tongue

Monza, Bib capit winter hemisphere Madrid, Bib Nac Ms F. 9/176 (246) Ms 3307 same similar, but more normative 39 De ordine ac positione Draco Ib.

Vatican BAV, Vat lat 645 n.b. – beard and crest

II.

Munich, Staatsbibl. planisphere Vienna, ONB Ms clm 210 Vindob 387 40 n.b. – snake with duck’s beak same

De ordine ac positione Draco

III.

Austin TX, Harry Ransom Draco in rota Paris BN St Petersburg, Nat Libr Univ of Texas, Ms 29 lat n.a. 1614 Ms Q v IX, no 2 n.b. – beard crest and flame/tongue similar

IV.

Paris BN Vatican BAV, lat 12117 Reg lat 309 41 De ordine ac positione Draco

Los Angeles, Getty Mus Paris BN, Ludwig XII, 5 lat 8663 n.B – dragon- headed snake with ‘flame’ n.b. – different orientation

Singletons

missing from manuscript

Vienna, ONB Reykjavik Vindob 12600 Ms 1812 42 n.b. – vertical snake with beard, crest, tongue Hyginus Draco

Ia.

S Paul im Lavantthal Florence, Bibl Laurenziana Leiden, Univ-blbl Ms 16/1 (XXV. 4. 20 Ms Plut 29.30 Voss 8°18 n.b. – snake with nose same, but bears different n.b. – bear on remnant of draco?

Ib.

Wolfenbüttel, Herz Aug London BL Ms 18. 16. Aug 4° Arundel 339 43 n.b. – vertical with crest and beard same

Hyginus Draco Ic. (singleton) II. (singleton)

Vienna ONB Leiden Univ-bibl Vindob 51 Voss lat 4° 92 n.b. – sname n.b. – dragon with 2 legs and head at end of tail

III.

Leiden Univ-bibl Vatican BAV Vat Reg lat 123 -- planisphere Voss lat 8° 15 Reg lat 123 n.b. – reversed 44 n.b. – bears and crest same

Hyginus Draco IV.

Oxford, Bodleian Libr Oxford, Bodleian Libr Bodley 614 Digby 83 (SC 1684) n.b. – dragon’s head; in circle with Booyes same

V. (singleton)

Baltimore, Walters Art Gallery Ms 734 n.b. – dragon’s head, circle held by hand of Bootes 45

Hyginus Draco

VI. (singleton) VI- related: German Star Books (‘secundum Hyginum’)

? ?

Berlin, Staatsbibl. Lyon, Bib mun, Pal des Lyon, Bib mun Munich, Staatsbibl Ms 8° 44 (Rose 962) Arts 45 Ms 172 Germ 595 n.b. – snake n.b. – snake with ears

Munich, Staatsbibl Vatican BAV Vatican BAV Wolfenbüttel Herz Aug Clm 59 Pal.lat. 1369 Pal.lat. 1389 Guelf 81 24 Aug 1 snake same as Germ 595 same 46

Hyginus Draco

VII. (singleton) VIII. (singleton)

London BL, Munich, Staatsbibl. Roy Ms 13. A. XI Clm 10270 n.b. – dragon-headed snake n.b. – dragon-headed snake

47 Hyginus Draco IXa.

missing from manuscript

Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Mus Florence, BN Milan, Bibl. Ambrosiana Oxford, Bodleian Libr Ms 260 Magl XI. 141 T. 47 sup Can. class lat 179 n.b. - dragon-headed snake same same

Siena, Bib com Vatican, BAV Vatican, BAV Verona, Bibl capitolare Ms L. VI. 25 Vat lat 3109 Vat lat 3109 Ms CCLXI 48 same winged dragon winged dragon same

Hyginus Draco

IXb. IXc.

Oxford, Bodleian Library Milan, Bibl Trivulziana Vatican, BAV Florence, BNC Can misc 46 N. 690 (E 83) Vat lat 3110 Magl XI. 114,1 n.b. – dragon-headed snake same similar same

49 Hyginus Draco IXd. (distant singleton) IXe.

Florence, Bibl Laurenziana Pavia, Bibl Univ Vatican., BAV Ashburnam 1148 Aldini 490 Urb lat 1358 n.b. – dragon-headed snake same same

IXf. IXg.

New York, Public Library Freiberg, Andreas-Möller-Bibl. Florence, Bib Naz Spencer Ms 28 Cl XI 4o 9 Plut 89, sup 43 n.b. – same, bur reversed same 50 Hyginus Draco

X. (singleton) XI. (singleton)

Vatican, BAV Cortona, Lib del Comune Chigi H. IV. 20 Ms 184 (256) n.b. – dragon-headed snake with Z-shaped body n.b. – dragon-headed snake

51 Hyginus Draco

? missing from manuscript missing from manuscript

Cambrai, Bibl Mun. Cambridge, Trinity College Leiden, Univ.-bibl. Ms 933 (832) Ms R 15 32 Gronovius 21

52 Hyginus Draco

Venice: Ratdolt, 1482

cf Michael Scot Vienna ÖNB Vindob 3111 same

53 Basinio da Parma Draco

Ia. Ib.

Rimini, Cassa di Risparmio Cambridge, CUL (London Sotheby’s sale 1992) Dd IV 64 n.b. – dragon-headed snake same IIa.

Oxford, Bodleian Libr Parma, Bib Palatina, Venice, Bibl Marciana Bodley 646 Parm 1008 XII, 194 (4148) n.b. – head from top same same 54

Basinio da Parma Draco

IIb.

Parma, Bibl Palatina Rome Bibl Casanatense Munich, BSB Parm 27 Ms 4059 Clm 15743 n.b. – dragon-headed snake same, Greek label same

55 Basinio da Parma Draco

III. IV.

Bologna, Bibl Com London, Wellcome Coll Ms 173 Ms 122 n.b. – dragon-headed snake same V. VI.

Ravenna, Bib Classense Florence, Bibl Marucelliana Ms 120 Ms C. CCLI 56 n.b. – horizontal on page cf. Ratdolt/ Michael Scot

Basinio da Parma Draco

? ?

Krakow, Padua, Bibl. Universitaria Rps BJ 3706 Cod 983

57 Michael Scot Draco

N Italian Group – Ia.

Munich, Staatsbibl Oxford, Bodleian Libr Clm 10268 Bodley Ms 266 n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon headed snake and 2) same two-legged winged dragon

Re: Draco inter arctos = Et probantur secundum fabulas poetarum commorari inter plicaturas Draconis longissimi sine alis et pedibus ad instar serpentis. (ed. Ackermann 2009, p. 168).

Re: Draco = Quidam vero sumunt istum Draconem pro mari magno, dicentes,anguillam esse piscem magnum et, quod quando simul iungetur, finietur mundus. ( Ackermann 2009, p. 174)

58 Michael Scot Draco

N Italian Group – Ib.

Vatican, BAV St Petersburg, Nat Libr Vat lat 4087 A Ms lat F V IX, no. 1 n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon headed snake and 2) two-legged striped dragon

59 Michael Scot Draco

N Italian Group – Ic. N Italian Group – Id. N Italian Group – Ie.

Vienna, ONB Warsaw, BN, Vindob 3394 B Baw 46 n.b. – depicted only once, seen from top of head

Padua, Bibl Seminario Cod. 48 n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon headed snake and 2) two-legged segmented and winged dragon 60 Michael Scot Draco

Venetian Group – IIa. Venetian Group – IIb.

missing from manuscript

London BL London, Wellcome Coll Milan, Ambrosiana Add 41600 Ms I 90 sup n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon headed headed snake with ridged backbone snake and 2) two-legged dragon and 2) two-legged segmented dragon 61

Michael Scot Draco Bohemian Group – IIIa.

Vienna, ONB Vienna, ONB Vindob 2352 Vindob 2378 n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon headed snake and 2) two- same, note twists in body 62 legged dragon

Michael Scot Draco Bohemian – IIIa. Bohemian – IIIb.

? ?

Prague NK, Paris BN Ms III. C. 2 lat 7408A

Michael Scot Draco

Bohemian – IIIc. Bohemian – IIId.

only zodiac signs

Cambridge, MA Vienna, ONB Harvard, Houghton Vindob 5442 Libr., Typ 43 n.b. – depicted only once

64 Michael Scot Draco

? ?

Edinburgh, Royal Observatory Florence, BNC Ms Cr 3. 23 Magl. XXII, 22

Klosterneuburg, Augustiner Ch-Stift, Krakow, Bibl Jagiellonska Ms CCI 125 Rps 573 n.b. – depicted only once, twists in body 65 Michael Scot Draco

Seville, Bibl Columbina Prague, Narodni Knihova Ms. 7.7.1 Ms XXXVI A 3 n.b. – depicted only once as 2-legged, winged dragon with twists in body n.b. – depicted only once as snake

66 Michael Scot Draco German mss – IVa.

Darmstadt, Hess Hochschulbibl. Ms 266 Berlin, Staatsbibl n.b. – depicted twice, both as winged dragon Ms germ fol 244 n.b. – only one image, snake with ears, head seen from top

Salzburg, Studienbibl Vatican, BAV 2 G 8/13 Pal lat 1370 67 depicted twice, same as above same

Michael Scot Draco

German mss – IVa.

Paris, BN Allem 106 depicted twice, first one without wings

68 Michael Scot Draco

German mss – IVb.

Wolfenbüttel, Herz Aug Bibl Tubingen Univ-bibl. Ms Guelph 29 14 Aug 4° Ms d 2 n.b. – depicted twice, first one without wings

paranetelltona schema 69 Michael Scot – German version Draco

? ? ?

Coburg, Bayerisches Landesbibl. Edinburgh, Royal Observatory Libr. Freiburg, Univ-bibl. Ms 5 Ms Cr 4 6 Ms 458

? ? ?

Heidelberg Univ-bibl. Karlsruhe, Badische Landesbibl. Nürnberg, Germanisches Nationalmus. Pal germ 832 Ms K 2790 Ms 7082 70

Michael Scot - derived Draco

Venice: Ratdolt, 1482 Bartolommeo da Parma

Metz, Bibl mun Ms 287

Cambridge, Emmanuel College Ms 70 n.b. – depicted twice = snake; winged, 71 2-legged dragon Michael Scot - derived Draco

Fazio degli Uberti

Paris, BN, Modena, Bibl Estense Ital 81 Ital 483 (α. P. 47) n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon headed snake n.b. – depicted twice: 1) dragon headed snake and 2) two-legged dragon with twists in body and 2) two-legged dragon with twists in body 72

Michael Scot - derived Draco Guido Bonatti

London, BL Arundel Ms 66 n.b. – depicted only once as 2-legged dragon 73 Michael Scot - derived Draco

Ludovicus de Angulo

St Gallen, Vadianische Libr Florence, Bibl. Riccardiana Madrid, BN Ms 427 Ms 3011 Ms 9267 n.b. – depicted only once as dragon-headed snake n.b. – similar, head from top closer to St Gallen

74 Michael Scot - derived Draco Ludovicus de Angulo

Paris BN Paris BN Paris BN Lat 6561 Fr 612 Lat 7344 n.b. – similar, smaller bear towards head n.b. – rotated 180o

75 Lambertus, Liber Floridus Draco

Hague Hague Paris, BN Chantilly, Petit Château Ms 72.A Ms 128 C Lat 8865 Ms 724 (1596) n.b. – same

? ?

Leiden, Univ-bibl Ghent Paris, BN Wolfenbüttel, WDB, Ms 1° 31 Ms 92 Lat 9675 Ms Gud lat 1

76 Domenico d’Arezzo Draco

Vatican BAV Madrid, BN Val Lat 3121 Ms 1983 n.b. – Z-shaped dragon-headed snake with twists in body same

77 Domenico d’Arezzo Draco

? missing from manuscript

Fermo, Bibl. Com. Florence, Bibl. Laurenziana London, Lambeth Palace Ms 4 Aedil 170 Ms 35 n.b. – Z-shaped dragon-headed snake with twists in body

78 Matteo Palmieri, Città di Virtù Draco

Florence, Bibl Laurenziana detail from planisphere Plut 40 53 n.b. – dragon-headed snake

79 Eastern Globes Draco

Florence,Mus delle Scienze, no. 2712 Paris globe GA 325 dated 1025 AD n.b. – no twists in body

Smithsonian Mus, no 72-3085 BM – Malcolm globe 80 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Istanbul, Süleymaniye Libr Doha, Mus of Islamic Art Ms Fatih Kütüphanesi 3422 Ms 2. 1998. SO (= Sotheby’s 1998, lot 34) 1125/26 AD; Mārdin dated April 1125 AD; Baghdād

81 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Istanbul, Topkapī Sarayī Oxford, Bodleian Libr Ahmet II 3493 Huntington Ms 212 1130-31 AD, Mayyafariqin, SE Turkey 1170/71 AD; Mosul

82 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Oxford, Bodleian Libr Berlin, Staatsbibl. Ms Marsh 144 Ms qu or 704 1009-1010 AD; Shiraz (?), Iran c. 1203

83 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Vatican, BAV Berlin, Staatsbibl. Ross 1033 Landberg 71 1224 AD, Ceuta (?) N Africa Aug/Sept 1233; Mosul

84 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Istanbul, Suleymanie Libr Ayasofia 2595 1249-50 AD; Alamut (?) Iran

85 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Paris BN Paris BN Arabe 2488 Arabe 2489 mid-13th C, Ceuta (?) N Africa 1266-67 AD; Syria?

86 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

? ?

London BL Cairo, National Libr Oxford, Bodleian Libr Or 5323 Ms Dar al-Kutub miqãt 390 Pococke 257 1260-80; Maragha (?), NW Iran 1300 AD 1303/04; Aleppo n.b. –

87 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Escorial NY, Metropolitan Mus Ms 915 Ms Rogers Fund 1913 20 March 1364 AD c. 1400, Samarkand

88 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Paris BN Bologna, Bibl. Univ Ms arabe 5036 Ms 2953 c. 1430-40, Samarkand 8 Oct 1500 AD

89 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Dublin, Chester Beatty Libr Paris BN Ms Ar 4119 Arabe 2490 1504/05 AD 1516/17 AD

90 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

Paris BN Paris BN Arabe 2492 Arabe 2491 18th C 1770 AD

91 non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

? ? ?

Dublin, Chester Beatty Libr London BL Istanbul, Perter Pasa Libr Ms Ar 4222 Add ms 7488 Ms 375 16th C; Iran 16th C 16th C

Copenhagen, Kong. Bibl. Ms arabe 83 25 May 1602 AD; Medina; copied from copy dated 1013/14 92 AD believed to be al-Sufi’s own copy non-Latin Eastern mss (al-Sufi, Kitāb suwar al-kawākib al-ṯābita) Draco

St Petersburg, Inst Or Studs Princeton, Univ Libr Paris BN Ms n.s. 191 Ms Garrett 2259 Yehuda Arabe 6528 16th C; Istanbul ? al-Sufi, dated 3 Jan 1607 India, 1643-44

93 non-Latin Eastern mss – al-Sufi translations, etc. Draco

al-Sufi, at-Tusi transl???

Tehran, Riza ‘Abbasi Libr Ms M. 570 Ibn-al-Sufi (son) 94 1159-60 AD non-Latin Eastern mss - Qazwini Draco

St Petersburg, Ms E (?) Baltimore, Walters Art Gall Paris BN Qazwini Ms W 359 Arabe 2178 Qazwini – 1762-63 AD – same

Washington DC, Freer Location unknown Ms 1954 -52 (ex-Sarre) Mughal, 17th c Qazwini Qazwini 95 n.b. – Sufi latinus – I Draco

Paris, Bibl Arsenal Ms 1036 n.b. – dragon-headed, bearded snake, three twists in body 96 Sufi latinus – II Draco

Prague, Strahov Berlin, Staatsbibl, KK DA. II. 33 Ms 78 D 12 same same

97 Sufi latinus – II Draco

Gotha, Forshungsbibl Munich, Staatsbibl Membr II 141 Clm 826 same same 98 Sufi latinus – III Draco

Catania, Bibl Univ Vienna, ONB Ms Univ Ar, 387 Cod 5318 n.b. – same, but with bears n.b. – same, but with bears and more curls in end of tail 99

Sufi latinus IV Draco

Bernkastel-Kues, Nicolaus hosp. Ms 207 n.b. – dragon-headed, bearded snake, three twists in body

100 Alfonsine iconography Draco

El Escorial plus two more Ms h 115 n.b. – snake with one cirl

Vatican BAV Vatican BAV Los Angeles, Getty Mus Reg lat 1283a Vat lat 8174 Ms Ludwig XII, 7 n.b. – dragon-headed, bearded snake, three same twists in body 101

Alfonsine Stellar Tables Draco

Vatican, BAV Oxford, Bodleian Oxford, Bodleian Libr Urb lat 1399 Can class misc 554 Rawl C 117 same same, but without knot in neck n.b. – two-legged, winged dragon, with head raised and with knot in neck and tail

102 Alfonsine Stellar Tables Draco

Bergamo, Bibl A Mai Vatican, BAV Ms Σ II 2 Vat lat 3099 n.b. – two-legged, winged dragon with knot same in neck and tail 103 ‘Ptolemaic’ stellar tables / picture books Draco

Brussels, Bib Roy Vatican BAV Ms 10117-26 Pal lat 1368 n.b. – dragon-headed snake same

104 ‘Ptolemaic’ stellar tables Draco

Vatican BAV Torun Pal lat 1377 Ms 35 n.b. – drgon-headed snake n.b. – snake with bears

105 ‘Ptolemaic’ stellar tables Draco

Augsburg, Univ-bibl. Cod II 1.2o 110

106 ‘Ptolemaic’ picture books Draco

Cambridge MA Houghton, Typ 43 n.b. – dragon-headed snake with bears and three twists in body 107 ‘Ptolemaic’ picture books Draco

Basle, Univ-Bib Florence, BNC, Ms F. II. 33 Ms Angeli 1148 n.b. – dragon-headed snake with 2 twists in body n.b. – dragon-headed snake with 4 twists in body

108 ‘Ptolemaic’ stellar tables Draco

Vienna ONB Vienna ONB 5415 Vienna 5415 southern hemisphere n.b. – Z-shaped, dragon-headed snake with 4 twists in body same

109 Hebrew Stellar Tables Draco

Phildelphia, U Penn Vienna, ONB Ms LJS 57 Hebrew 132 n.b. – dragon-headed snake with 2 same twists in body

northern hemisphere 110 Seneca, Tragedies (comm. Nicolas Trevet) Draco

Padua, Univ . Bibl. Vatican BAV Vatican BAV Cod 896 Urb lat 355 Vat lat 1650 n.b. – dragon-headed snake with 2 same twists in body

111 Miscellaneous images Draco

Bernkastel-Kues Darmstadt, Univ- and Landesbibl. St Nicholas-Hospital Ms 1020 Ms 212 (hemispheres) northern hemisphere n.b. – reversed

112 Miscellaneous images Draco

113 Miscellaneous images Draco

Nimes, Archaeological Museum Darmstadt, Hessisches Museum Relief of St Martha and St Margaret from Ivory panel with St George and Dragon Church of St Martin des Arceus Byzantine, 11-12th C 14th C n.b. -- twists in body

114 Miscellaneous images Draco

Munich, BSB Wolfenbüttel, Herzog August Bibl. Clm 15903 Cod Guelf 1 Gud lat Archangel Michael from the Liber Floridus - Apocalyse (woman with beast) Perikops of St. Erentrud Northern French or Flemish, mid-12th C n.b. – see the Warburg Institute Iconographic Salzburg, c. 1150 database for more images of this type

Cambridge, Sidney Sussex College Beastiary Ms 100 Paris, c. 1230-50 n.b. – see the Warburg Institute Iconographic 115 database for more images of this type

Miscellaneous images Draco

Rome, Bibl Corsiniani Ms 55. K. 2 Speculum humanae salvationis – Daniel destroys Bel and poisons the dragon Avignon, first half 14th C n.b. – see the Warburg Institute Iconographic database for more images of this type

116 Miscellaneous images Draco

Paris, Ste Chapelle Main portal

117 Miscellaneous images Draco

Paris, Musée du Louvre Pavia, Certosa

118 Miscellaneous images Draco

Augsburg, Cathedral (western choir) Daniel and the Dragon Augsburg, 1483-11495

119 Miscellaneous images Draco

London, Wellcome Trust Persian ms 373 Nujum al – ‘Ulum (Stars of Science)

120