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^32- BI-LINGUAL NEWSPAPER OF CURRENT EVENTS IN THE HIGHLANDS AND THE ISLANDS AND IN SCOTLAND SUPPORT GAELIC For £1 per annum you can JOIN AN COMUNN GAIDHEALACH SRUTH Abertarff House Inverness DI-ARDAOIN, 2mh LATHA DE’N GHIBLEAN 1970 THURSDAY, 2nd APRIL 1970 No. 79 Sixpence FACTORY PLAN FOR LEWIS PLANS for a new factory posals of its backers, three for Lewis estimated to cost island exiles living in Glas- £10,000 were approved by gow, go ahead. Stornoway Trustees, land- The Parkend site, of nine lords of the site at their acres, has been set aside for week-end meeting. industrial purposes, but at The factory, to produce the moment there are no in- sausages and allied products, dustries on it. It is a mile will be based at Pa\Kend, from Stornoway Airport and near Stornoway, if tn pro- also from Stornoway harbour, c which makes it ideal for Support For export purposes. Commission FOLLOWING condemnation GAELIC IN by the Western Isles Crofters Union of the opposition of CAPE BRETON Mr Alasdair Mackenzie, M.P. A CAPE BRETON oorres- for Ross and Cromarty, to jxmdent writes: “There is a the proposals of the Crofters terrible snow storm tonight Commission for modernisa- {17/1/70). All classesi, in- tion of crofting leading to cluding my Gaelic classes, crofters becoming their own have been cancelled. I teach landlords, other crofters Gaelic from seven to ten o’ unions have written . to the clock in the evening. Classes Federation of Crofters Un- have been organised in Pon ions criticising Mr Maclcen- Mcr, Boisdale and Mabou. zie’s views and supporting My cousin teaches about 60 the Commission’s proposals. children in Mabou.” April in the Western Isles — the garden, Kiloran House, Colonsay BORDERS DEVELOPMENT CLUB LEABHAR THE border counties of A pilot scheme had been plexes, but would concentrate Roxburgh, Selkirk, Peebles tried i n Kelso and Jed- on smaller units turning out and Berwick, faced with a burgh to investigate the de- small products of high value steady population decline of sire of local people to return such as in the plastics and NOW one per cent, per annum to the area if opportune ties electronics -industries. over the past 25 years, have were offered. The response The committee have had! AVAILABLE announced plans to attract has been very encouraging. assurances that are regarded' industries to the area, in an Mr J. Alastair Bilton, de- as “just as firm as those for effort to reverse the trend. velopment officer for the new towns.” There are sup-, The joint planning advisory ported by commitments from committee plan to boost the the Board of Trade to bu’ld population of the border Gaidhlig ’san factories, apd the Ministry, THE SERPENT counties from 120,000 to of Housing to provide plan- 170,000 before 1980. Olaind ning permission and finance BY Chairman of the committee, BHA e ’na fhior aobhar- for new housing. Sir William Strang Steel, at thoileachais dhuinn an t- As m the Highlands, the per- NEIL M. GUNN a meeting in Glasgow on seachdhuin seo fiathachadh centage of border youngsters' RETAIL PRICE 9/- Tuesday, pointed out that fhaighinn gu posadh an with leaving certificate passes, until recent years, the de- Eindhoven ’na h-Olaind. wbo are able to find employ- populationrate had been Ach ’se an doigh anns ment at home is very low •— higher than for the Highland an deach am fiathachadh less than 20 per cent, in 1969; Area. Sir William stated tha1: chuir am mach a thaitinn However, approximately 80. For details of future publications, etc., write to - the objective was threefold— ruinn: Tha na cairtean air per cent, of the otners had CLUB LEABHAR to retain the brain and brawn an clo-bhualadh ’sa, Ghaid- been placed locally in the of border youth, bring back Wg. same year. Abertarff House some of those who had al- The immediate need is for Church Street ready left the area and wel- committee emphasised that sources of employment that come newcomers into the they were not trying to will accommodate people of a Inverness community. attract big industrial com- higher educational standard. TWO SRUTH, Di-ardaoin 2mh latha de’n Giblean 1970 DI-ARDAOIN. 2mh LATHA DE’N GIBLEAN 1970 /ruth THURSDAY. 2nd April 1970 AIR MO CHASAN-DE1RIDH (Continued from last week) binn, ach cha b’e amran robh cothrom agam dol a Gaidhlig a bh’ ise a’ seinn, mach, nach mist bha eolaich g'E seann dhuine hath le ach Beurla; agusi ged is col- air eachdraidh Clann Mac- A’ CHAISG speuclairean air an ceann tac'h nach cuala ise arm-cog- Slaightir, ged a bha barailean O CHIONN da Mhile bliadhna bha duine a thug caochladh an gnothuich; ’na sheasamh aidh 6u chunnairtiihe na eadar-dhealaichte aig feadh- air an t-saoghal air a cheusadh) aguS( air ai chuir gu bas air an ard-urlar le pios pai- Ghunna Mor a’ Chaisteal aig ainn m’an deidhinn. B’e ’na chradiadh , air craoibh. Aig a’ chaisge am bliadhna pear ’na laimh. Bhiorach mi minisitear a bh’ann a’ cheud ritlhist mar a tha a h-uile bliadhna; mar a tha h-uile turas mo chluasan, is chuir mi fhear a bha ’bruidhinn, agus, a gheibh daoine saorsa agusi a tha sron a char air a chuir gach faoineis a mach as m’ a reir a bharail-sa, nan robh ris an rathad mhdr. bha na miltean air am marbthadh is air inntinn chums nach caillinn gnothuich an t-saoghail air am milleadh. A h-uile bliadlhna tha seachr no ochd a mhil- facal dhe na thigeadh as a aon uair ’san fheasgar, nach ’fhagail acasan, cha bhiodh a tean air am marbhad'h agus corr is ceud mile duine air an bhial, o’n a bha mi cinn teach ise ’bha ’brosnachadh Clann leithid de chonnspaid nar leon gu godrt. De’ is fuing dha seo? Bheil duine a’gabhail gum b’e deagh sgoilear a bh’ Clan MacSlaightir ri cruinn- measg mar a tha ’sna laith- a’ chaothaich aon uair is gum faiglh e cuibheal na lamhan ann, a bhruidhneadh a’ chan- eachadh air son sabaid araidh, ean boc'hd’ a th’ againn. Chan eil a h^-uile duine ach tha cuid. Tha a leithid de ain as fhearr buaidh gu snas- chum bial-sios ri chur air an Thoisich fear eile, le coltas charbadan, a leithid de chunnartan agus a leithid de mhor ghlan. naimhdean a thainig, a reir saighdeir air, agus esan a’ ghoraiche air beulaibh dribhear gur mbr an t-iongad'h Ach, air cho neonach ’s a coltais, as gach cearn dhe'n bruidhinn mu gach blar fuil- nacheil an aireamhh nas motha. An ath uair a tha thu air bha an cainnt a bhruidhinn Ghaidhealtac’hd. Tha mi cinn- teach far na nochdadh a an rathad cum do shuil airsOn coig mionaidean agus foie e, cha b’i Gaidhlig idir. Chan jiteach gur e uine fhada a shinnre. agus air cho borb na cunnartan a chi thu. Chi thu daoine ro dhluth ri cheile. abrainn na’s motha gur e bhiodh ise a’ feitheamh, nan agus fiaidhaich ’sa bha an Thatar a’ cur a macJ^ gum bSchorr slat airson a h-uile Beurla a bh’innte, ach seorsa robh i ag iarraidh cobhair cuid naimhdean. Cha b’ ur- mile 'san uair a b'hitih eadar da char air an rathad. Cia chanain a th’. aca fein am bho Clann MacSlaightir ’s na rain dhomh fhaicinn idir, mheud uair a lean thusa car ro dhluth? Ghitear sreathan measg nan daoine mora ’sa’ laithean a dh’aom an a idir, ciamar a bha tide aca de charaichean a’ruith a stigh, sron aon fhir ann an deir- bhaile so. Mur an robh fios leithid ud de chainnt; cha air son posaidh is rudan cum- eadh an fhir eile. Carson? Bha iad no dhluth ri cheile. agad na b’fhearr, is ann a tuigeadh na suinn ud facal anta mar sin; agus ’s ann a Faodaidh tu car ur fhaighinn daonnan ma tha an t- bhiodh tu ag creidsinn gu dhe na bha ise a seinn. A bha e na chuis-iongnaidh airgead agad abraidh tu a dh’aindeoin aa th’aca de dh robh droch sgornan aca. ach b!hi dol na’s fhaid, tha mi dhomhs’ gu robh siol nan airgead clia toir thu air ais ri d’mhaireann do bhean. do chan eil, ged is e cuis-ion- cinnteach nach biodh iad sonn ud fhathast maireann. cheile no do Chian a. Cha leath as airgead no urras sam gaidh ciamar is urrainn idir toilichte ’bhi ’nan suidhe Bha fear eile ann cuideachd a bith bron is faoidh. Cia mheud teaghlaeh a bha air fhagail dhaibh bruidhinn mar sin am measg Clann MacSlaigh- thuirt gur iad sgoilearan gun atihair air a’ Ghaisg seo? Cia mheud tigh bha air gun tihachdadh Ach. Beurla tir an latha ’n diugh, gun math a bh’ annta ’s, na laith- fhaghail as aonais a’ bhuachaille aige fhein? Seo a’ phris an no as, cha mhor nach eil fhacal a’ cluinntinn ’sa Gaid- ean ’chaidh seachad, agus ged a chaidh a phaigheadh aig a’ chaisg heo pris cho mor ann mi air fas cho cleachdte ris hlig, no gun deoch idir aca a chreideas mise a h-uile an saoghal teagMaich ’s a bha a’phris a bha air a paigh- a’ chainnt ud’s a tha mi air ach a mhain tea. Is docha facal dhe na huirt e, bha e eadh air crois Chalbharaigh. A h-uile caisg is a h-uile a’ GhMdhlig, agus feumaidh gum bu toigh leis na brios- tighinn a steach orm aig an latha - saor tha oc is ainigeachd an duine a’ tighinn am cuimhne ’bhi agad, chan eil caidean, o nach robh a am nach robh iad direach follais.
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    Emma Schofield Independent Wales?: The Impact of Devolution on Welsh Fiction in English A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Cardiff University 2014 2/246 Contents Abstract 4 Acknowledgements 5 Introduction 6 Literature and Politics in National Identity 6 Imagined Communities 15 A History of Devolution in Wales 20 Why Now? 27 An Outline of the Thesis and Chosen Texts 30 Chapter I - ‘St David’s Day Defeat’: The rise of the individual and the impact of the 1979 referendum on Welsh fiction in English 36 A Time of Awakening: Social, Sexual and Political Awakening in Home to an Empty House (1973) and I Sent a Letter to My Love (1975) 45 Heightened Tensions: Approaching the 1979 Referendum 60 Facing the Referendum Results 72 Chapter II - ‘A permanently changing reality’: the process of redefinition in Anglophone Welsh writing 1980-1989 77 ‘The Welsh experience’: politics and journals in early 1980s Wales 85 Protest and Politics: Anglophone Welsh Writing and the 1984 Miners’ Strikes 97 Replacing Romance with Reality: The Growth of Independent Publishing in Wales 105 Chapter III - The Drive for Devolution: Anglophone Welsh writing 1990–1998 128 Short fiction and the resurgence of the short story in Wales 138 3/246 Approaching Devolution 1994 – 1997 156 Chapter IV – ‘Warning – Welsh Assembly!’: Post-devolution Welsh fiction in English 175 Bridging the Gap 181 Fragmented or Unified? Diversity in Post-Devolution Wales 203 Crossing the Linguistic Divide in Post-Devolution Anglophone 211 Welsh Writing Conclusion 225 A Decade of Devolution 225 Bibliography 239 4/246 Abstract This thesis traces the relation between Anglophone Welsh fiction and politics, in light of the campaign for, and introduction, of devolution.